White v Overland

Case [2001] FCA 1835


FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

White v Overland [2001] FCA 1835

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW – judicial review – whether internal decision to find as substantiated an allegation against a Federal Police Officer was based on without prejudice discussions such that irrelevant considerations were taken into account – whether breach of rules of natural justice occurred in relation to decision – whether abuse of power – whether decision to abolish promotion position was based on irrelevant consideration or was otherwise flawed

EVIDENCE – privilege – without prejudice communications – communications to administrative decision-maker taken into account in decision – public policy underlying privilege

Judiciary Act 1903 s 39B
Evidence Act 1995 s 131

Eaton v Overland [2001] FCA 1834 referred to
White v Overland [2001] FCA 1333 referred to
Cutts v Head [1984] 1 Ch 290 referred to
Rush and Tompkins v Greater London Council [1988] 3 All ER 737 referred to
Stead v The State Government Insurance Commission (1986) 161 CLR 141 referred to
Nowlan v Marson Transport Pty Ltd [2001] NSWCA 346 referred to

McNicol The Law of Privilege  (1992)

Peter White v Simon Overland & Another
A39 of 2001

ALLSOP J

SYDNEY

21 DECEMBER 2001

IN THE FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY

DISTRICT REGISTRY

A39 of 2001

BETWEEN:

PETER WHITE
APPLICANT

AND:

SIMON OVERLAND
FIRST RESPONDENT

MICHAEL KEELTY
SECOND RESPONDENT

JUDGE:

ALLSOP J

DATE OF ORDER:

21 DECEMBER 2001

WHERE MADE:

SYDNEY (Heard in Canberra)

THE COURT DECLARES THAT:

1.The decision of the first respondent made on or about 8 June 2001 to the effect that the allegation of improper use of the AFP email system by the applicant was substantiated but on a no fault basis was made taking irrelevant considerations into account.

THE COURT ORDERS THAT:

2.The decision referred to in 1 above be set aside.

3.The first respondent pay one half of the applicant’s costs.

4.The parties not enter these orders until the earlier of the expiration of 28 days from today or further order.

5.The parties have liberty to apply on 5 days’ notice.

Note:    Settlement and entry of orders is dealt with in Order 36 of the Federal Court Rules.


IN THE FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY DISTRICT REGISTRY

A39 of 2001

BETWEEN:

PETER WHITE
APPLICANT

AND:

SIMON OVERLAND
FIRST RESPONDENT

MICHAEL KEELTY
SECOND RESPONDENT

JUDGE:

ALLSOP J

DATE:

21 DECEMBER 2001

PLACE:

SYDNEY (Heard in Canberra)

REASONS FOR JUDGMENT

  1. This is an application for an order of review and under s 39B of the Judiciary Act 1903 for writs of prohibition and certiorari, for injunctions and for various declarations.  The application is in relation to what are said to be conduct and decisions, including possible future decisions, of the Commissioner of the Australian Federal Police (the AFP), the second respondent, or his delegate, the first respondent.

  2. It is appropriate to turn immediately to the facts.

    FACTS

  3. Mr White is a member of the AFP.  The proceedings arise out of what is said to have been inappropriate conduct of another AFP…

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AGLC
White v Overland [2001] FCA 1835
Case
[2001] FCA 1835
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

The case of White v Overland concerns the applicant, Mr White, a member of the Australian Federal Police (AFP), who sought judicial review of decisions made by the AFP regarding his conduct and career. Mr White contested the AFP's internal decision to find as substantiated an allegation against another AFP member, Mr Eaton, who had sent inappropriate communications to Mr White. Additionally, Mr White challenged the decision to abolish a senior AFP position to which he had been promised an appointment. The Federal Court was tasked with determining whether the internal decision was based on irrelevant considerations, breached the rules of natural justice, and constituted an abuse of power.

The court had to consider whether the internal decision to find the allegation against Mr Eaton substantiated was influenced by irrelevant considerations, specifically whether the decision-maker took into account without prejudice communications. The court also needed to assess whether the decision to abolish the senior AFP position was based on irrelevant considerations or otherwise flawed. Furthermore, the court had to determine if there was a breach of natural justice in the decision-making process and whether the decision represented an abuse of power.

The court found that the decision to find the allegation against Mr Eaton substantiated was indeed influenced by irrelevant considerations, as the decision-maker had taken into account without prejudice communications. This was considered a breach of natural justice and an abuse of power. The court also found that the decision to abolish the senior AFP position was flawed as it was based on irrelevant considerations. Consequently, the court set aside the decision and ordered that Mr White's costs be partially reimbursed. The decision was not to be entered until the earlier of 28 days from the judgment date or further order, with liberty granted to apply for further orders.

Orders

Orders of the court

THE COURT ORDERS THAT:

2. The decision referred to in 1 above be set aside.

3. The first respondent pay one half of the applicant’s costs.

4. The parties not enter these orders until the earlier of the expiration of 28 days from today or further order.

5. The parties have liberty to apply on 5 days’ notice.

Note: Settlement and entry of orders is dealt with in Order 36 of the Federal Court Rules.

Background

Background to the litigation

It is appropriate to turn immediately to the facts.FACTS Mr White is a member of the AFP. The proceedings arise out of what is said to have been inappropriate conduct of another AFP member, Mr Eaton, involving Mr White, and the AFP’s response to this conduct. Mr White’s involvement in Mr Eaton’s conduct is also said by Mr White to have been related to the abolition of a senior AFP position to which Mr White had been told he would be appointed. Mr White has been a member of the AFP since 1983. At the end of 1999 he was appointed as the AFP Senior Liaison Officer to Cyprus, to be based at the Australian High Commission in Nicosia. Acronyms are used as common method of reference in many of the primary communications and so I will resort to such abbreviation. Senior Liaison Officer will be referred to as “SLO”. Mr White is currently the AFP SLO for the Middle East Region. He is based in Beirut in Lebanon. It is perhaps unnecessary to go into the nature and detail of what were Mr White’s role and responsibilities as the SLO in Cyprus save to indicate that upon his appointment as SLO he was provided with a directive outlining the position, which included under the heading “Conduct” the following: It is expected that AFP members serving overseas conduct themselves in such a manner as to not bring disrepute on either the AFP or the Australian Government. A draft copy of the AFP National Guidelines on Professional Standards is attached. You are also to be aware of the Guidelines issued by DFAT relating to Commonwealth Officers serving overseas (copy attached). Mr Eaton has brought an application in respect of matters arising out of his conduct. The matters were heard together in Canberra in August this year. I have today delivered judgment in Mr Eaton’s application (see Eaton v Overland [2001] FCA 1834), with which the present reasons should be read in respect of some of the background to the matter. There is some degree of overlap. The matter was heard together in that the oral evidence and cross-examination of the witnesses was evidence in both the Eaton matter and this matter. I did not order that the affidavit and documentary evidence in each proceeding be evidence in the other proceeding. Much of the relevant factual background giving rise to the proceedings in which Mr White is applicant is not in dispute. Between 1 August 2000 and 14 November 2000 Mr Eaton, who was the SLO with Interpol and situated in Lyon, France, sent a number of messages by electronic mail (email) to various persons in various locations. These included transmissions on 1 August, 3 August, 16 October and 14 November 2000 to the official AFP email address of Mr White, who was at that time stationed in Cyprus. The following is a description of the relevant emails sent by Mr Eaton:1. 1 August 2000 attached cartoons2. 3 August 2000 text only Bad Boy Bubby3. 16 October 2000 attached Powerpoint file [photographic] Bay Watch Wicked Weasel4.16 October 2000 attached Powerpoint file [photographic]Bay Watch Wicked Weasel with modified text5. 14 November 2000 attached j.peg files [photographic]

Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

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Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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