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John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane

John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane

Case [2005] NSWCA 164 17 May 2005

Appeal

Damages

Privilege

Statutory Construction

Negligence & Tort

Statutory Interpretation

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Reported Decision:
(2005) Aust Torts Reports 81-789

Court of Appeal

CITATION:
John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane [2005] NSWCA 164

HEARING DATE(S):
8 and 9 September 2004

JUDGMENT DATE:

17 May 2005

JUDGMENT OF:
Giles JA at 1; Ipp JA at 104; Young CJ in Eq at 141

DECISION:
Appeal is allowed in part, damages to be reassessed.

CATCHWORDS:
TORT- Defamation- Whether matter fact or comment- Whether material supporting comment. TORT- Defamation- Qualified privilege- Whether "Lange defence" available when judicial officer allegedly defamed.

LEGISLATION CITED:
Defamation Act 1974, ss 9, 11, 22, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 46A

CASES CITED:
Australian Broadcasting Corporation v Lenah Game Meats Pty Ltd (2001) 208 CLR 199
Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v The Commonwealth (No 2) (1992) 177 CLR 106
Bashford v Information Australia (Newsletters) Pty Ltd (2004) 78 ALJR 346
Carleton v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (2002) Aust Tort Rep 81-685; 172 FLR 398
Christie v Robertson (1889) 10 LR(NSW)(L) 157
Clarke v Norton [1910] VLR 494
Comalco Ltd v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1985) 64 ACTR 1
Conservation Council of SA Inc v Chapman (2003) 87 SASR 62
Cunliffe v Commonwealth (1994) 182 CLR 272
Dawes v News Ltd [1935] SASR 312
Digby v Financial News Ltd [1907] 1 KB 502
D'Orta-Ekenaike v Victorian Legal Aid [2005] HCA 12; 79 ALJR 755
Evening News, Re The (1880) 1 LR (NSW)(L) 211
Goldsbrough v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (1934) 34 SR (NSW) 524
Harrigan v Jones (2001) Aust Tort Rep 81-621
Herald & Weekly Times v Popovic (2003) 9 VR 1
Horrocks v Lowe [1975] AC 135
Hoser v The Queen [2003] VSCA 194
Hunt v Star Newspaper Co Ltd [1908] 2 KB 309
John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Attorney-General (NSW) (2000) 181 ALR 694
Kemsley v Foot [1952] AC 345
Kimber v The Press Association Ltd [1893] 1 QB 65
Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520
Mann v O'Neill (1997) 191 CLR 204
McGinty v Western Australia (1996) 186 CLR 140
McRae v South Australian Telecasters Ltd (1976) 14 SASR 162
Mitchell v Sprout [2002] 1 NZLR 766
Morgan v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (No 2) (1991) 23 NSWLR 374
Mowlds v Fergusson (1939) 40 SR (NSW) 311
Nagle v Chulov [2001] NSWSC 9
Nationwide News Pty Ltd v Wills (1992) 177 CLR 1
New South Wales Aboriginal Land Council v Perkins (1998) 45 NSWLR 340
O'Shaughnessy v Mirror Newspapers Ltd (1970) 72 SR (NSW) 347
Peek v Channel Seven Adelaide Pty Ltd [2004] SASC 425
Pervan v The North Queensland Newspaper Company Limited (1993) 178 CLR 309
Peterson v Advertiser Newspapers Ltd (1995) 64 SASR 150
Petritsis v v Hellenic Herald Pty Ltd [1978] 2 NSWLR 174
R v Dunbabin; Ex parte Williams (1935) 53 CLR 434
R V Fletcher; Ex parte Kisch (1935) 52 CLR 248
R v Nicholls (1911) 12 CLR 280
Re A Special Reference from the Bahama Islands [1893] AC 138
Rogers v Nationwide News Pty…

Grounds of appeal

[14] The appellant contends that the primary judge erred in finding that the respondent had discharged the onus of establishing the matters required under the relevant provision.

[15] It was submitted that his Honour failed to give adequate weight to the evidence of the second witness, and that the findings of fact were not reasonably open on the material before the Court.

[16] The respondent, for its part, submits that no error is disclosed, and that the conclusions reached were well within the range of outcomes available to the primary judge.

Consideration

[17] It is convenient to deal first with the question of construction, as the resolution of that issue informs the remaining grounds advanced by the appellant.

[18] For the reasons that follow, we are of the view that the appeal should be allowed in part and the matter remitted for further determination.

Continue reading John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane

Details

AGLC: John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane [2005] NSWCA 164
Case: [2005] NSWCA 164
Decision Date: 17 May 2005

CaseChat Overview and Summary

John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd (the publisher) appealed a decision of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, which had found it liable for defamation against Mr O'Shane, a judicial officer. The defamation claim arose from an article published by the publisher concerning Mr O'Shane's conduct.

The central legal issues before the Court of Appeal were whether the published material constituted fact or comment, and whether the defence of qualified privilege, specifically the "Lange defence," was available to the publisher when the subject of the alleged defamation was a judicial officer.

The Court of Appeal considered the nature of the published statements, distinguishing between assertions of fact and expressions of opinion or comment. It also examined the scope of qualified privilege in the context of public interest journalism, particularly concerning the conduct of public officials. The court applied established principles of defamation law to determine whether the publisher had established its defences.

The appeal was allowed in part, with the Court of Appeal ordering that the damages awarded to Mr O'Shane be reassessed.

Orders

Orders of the court

Appeal is allowed in part, damages to be reassessed.

Background

Background to the litigation

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Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

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Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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Actions

Citations

John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane [2005] NSWCA 164

Most Recent Citation

Stewart v Sherridon Pty Ltd [2024] VCC 1023

Cases Citing This Decision

171

Reynolds v Higgins [2025] WASC 345
Citation 1

…ews Pty Ltd [No 13] [2019] WASC 451 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane (No 2) [2005] NSWCA 291 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane [2005] NSWCA 164 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Rivkin [2003] HCA 50 [25]; (2003) 77 ALJR 1657 JSC BTA Bank v Khrapunov [2018] UKSC 19 Kumova v Davison (No 2) [202…
Brown v Etna Developments Pty Ltd [2025] NSWSC 358
Citation 2 (Para 267)

…In Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36, Samuels JA (with whom Moffitt P and Huntley JA agreed) adopted the statement of principles in McGregor on Damages (13 th ed, 1972, Sweet & Maxwell), at 40:…
Thurston v Fox Sports Australia Pty Limited [2025] FCA 54
Citation 3

…es & Co Inc [2005] QB 946 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Rivkin (2003) 201 ALR 77; [2003] HCA 50 Kumova v Davison (No 2) [2023] FCA 1 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520; [1997] HCA 25 Lewis v Daily Telegraph Ltd [1964] AC…
Fangyuan v Stockwell [2024] QDC 200
Citation 4 (Para 2)

…s) v Albazero (Owners) (The Albazero) [1977] AC 774 (HL), 841. [49] Pantoline v Alaouie (1989) 18 NSWLR 119 at 137. [50] Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36 at 40. This involves a consideration of the reasonableness of the applicant’s desire for replacement. Relevant to this is a determination of the advantages t…
McIntosh v Peterson [No 2] [2024] WASC 428
Citation 5

…[2007] NSWCA 364; (2007) 70 NSWLR 484 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane (No 2) [2005] NSWCA 291 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane [2005] NSWCA 164; (2005) Aust Torts Reports 81-789 Jones v Skelton [1964] NSWR 485 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Lazos v West Austral…
Boyes v Thomson [2024] NSWSC 1325
Citation 6 (Para 82)

…(Brereton J, as the Commissioner then was). However, damages may also be measured in terms of the cost of reinstatement: see eg Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36. As Samuels JA explained at 39 (Moffitt P and Hutley JA agreeing), the “proper assessment is determined by the circumstances of the case and by the o…
Glascott v Mercedes-Benz Financial Services Australia Pty Ltd [2024] QDC 127
Citation 7 (Para 2)

…ted with express approval by another unanimous bench in Arsalan v Rixon (2021) 274 CLR 606, at 619-620, para [18]. Compare Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36, at 40; and compare also Powercor Australia Ltd v Thomas (2012) 43 VR 220, at 227, paras [25] to [27].…
Stewart v Sherridon Pty Ltd [2024] VCC 1023
Citation 8

…1 NSWLR 657; Czarnikow Ltd v Koufos [1969] 1 AC 350; Demagogue Pty Ltd v Ramensky (1992) 39 FCR 31; Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36; Everest Project Developments Pty Ltd v Mendoza [2008] VSC 366; Hadley v Baxendale (1854) 9 Ex 341; 156 ER 145; Hypec Electronics Pty Ltd (in liq) v Mead [2004] NSWCA 221; J Hut…
Prouten v Buxton [2024] NSWDC 182
Citation 9 (Para 201)

…onably be inferred to be a deduction, inference, conclusion, criticism, remark, observation, etc” ( John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164; 2005 ATR 81-789 at [25], citing Gatley on Libel and Slander , paragraph 12.6). This definition has been cited and approved as recently as in Greiss v Seve…
Greiss v Seven Network (Operations) Limited (No 2) [2024] FCA 98
Citation 10

…ications Pty Ltd v Blake (2001) 53 NSWLR 541 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane (2005) Aust Torts Reports ¶81-789; [2005] NSWCA 164 Jones v Dunkel (1959) 101 CLR 298 Kuligowski v Metrobus (2004) 220 CLR 363 Kumova v Davison (No 2) [2023] FCA 1 Lym International Pty Ltd v Marcolongo [2011] NSWCA 303 Moran v…
Russell v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (No 3) [2023] FCA 1223
Citation 11

…ameel v Wall Street Journal Europe Sprl [2007] 1 AC 359 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164; (2005) Aust Torts Reports 81–789 John Fairfax & Sons Ltd v Vilo [2001] NSWCA 290; (2001) 52 NSWLR 373 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Zunter [2006] NSWCA 227 Joseph v Spiller [2012] EWHC 2958 (Q…
Amos v AAI Limited t/as GIO [2023] NSWSC 1193
Citation 12 (Para 101)

…Colliery Employees Federation v Northern Colliery Proprietors Association [1904] 3 AR (NSW) 182 at 185; Greater Wollongong City Council v Dunn [1973] 1 NSWLR 36 at 42.4 (Hutley JA, accepting that the rules of procedural fairness applied).…
Callan v Chawk [2023] FCA 898
Citation 13 (Para 44)

…erstood to refer to “a deduction, inference, conclusion, criticism, judgment, remark, observation”: John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164 at [25] (Giles JA) citing Gatley on Libel and Slander , 10th ed, 2004, at [12.6]; State of New South Wales v IG Index plc (2007) 17 VR 87; [2007] VSCA 212…
Nash v The West Australian Newspapers Ltd and/or for SHANNON HAMPTON [2023] WADC 40
Citation 14 (Para 3)

…SWCA 369; (2014) 88 NSWLR 421 [21]; Vitale v Bednall [2001] WASC 278 [8] and the authorities cited therein; Hepburn v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd [1984] 1 NSWLR 386.…
Roberts v Goodwin Street Developments Pty Ltd [2023] NSWCA 5
Citation 15 (Para 1)

…9, (1968) 122 CLR 649; Chulcough v Holley [1968] ALR 274, (1968) 41 ALJR 336; Sharman v Evans [1977] HCA 8, (1977) 138 CLR 563; Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36; Gagner Pty Ltd (t/as Indochine Cafe) v Canturi Corporation Pty Ltd [2009 NSWCA 413, (2009) ALR 691; Port Stephens Shire Council v Tellamist Pty Ltd…
Kumova v Davison (No 2) [2023] FCA 1
Citation 16

…ion [2010] NSWCA 332; (2010) 274 ALR 85 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164; (2005) Aust Torts Reports 81-789 Jones v Dunkel (1959) 101 CLR 298 Kumova v Davison [2021] FCA 753 LFDB v SM (No 3) [2017] FCA 80 Molan v Dailymail.com Australia Pty Ltd [2022] FCA 1004 Munsie v Dowling (No 10) [20…
Molan v Dailymail.com Australia Pty Ltd [2022] FCA 1004
Citation 17 (Para 16)

…tes an opinion. That is left to the authorities, reflecting established principles of long standing. In John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164; (2005) Aust Torts Reports 81-789, Giles JA observed (emphasis added to the quotation at [25]): [25] The common law position is explained in Gatley, pa…
Massoud v Nationwide News Pty Ltd; Massoud v Fox Sports Australia Pty Ltd [2022] NSWCA 150
Citation 18

…2 KB 309 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164; [2005] Aust Torts Rep 81-789 Kemsley v Foot [1952] AC 345 Lee v Lee (2019) 266 CLR 129; [2019] HCA 28 Lewis v Daily Telegraph Ltd [1964] AC 234 Massoud v Radio 2GB Sydney Pty Ltd; Massoud v Fox Sports Australia Ltd; Massoud v Commonwealth Broad…
Palmer v McGowan (No 5) [2022] FCA 893
Citation 19

…ublications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164; (2005) Aust Torts Reports ¶81–789 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Zunter [2006] NSWCA 227 Jones v Dunkel (1959) 101 CLR 298 Kennett v Farmer [1988] VR 991 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Liberty Mutual Insurance Company Australian Br…
The Checkout Pty Ltd v Cordell Jigsaw Productions Pty Ltd; Morrow v Cordell Jigsaw Productions Pty Ltd (No 13) [2022] NSWSC 444
Citation 20

…NSWCA 90 Howden v Truth & Sportsman Ltd (1937) 58 CLR 416; [1937] HCA 74 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164 Johnson Tiles Pty Ltd v Esso Australia Ltd (2000) 104 FCR 564; [2000] FCA 1572 Koompahtoo Local Aboriginal Land Council v Sanpine Pty Ltd (2007) 233 CLR 115; [2007] HCA 61 Laurinda…
Nassif v Seven Network (Operations) Ltd [2021] FCA 1286
Citation 21

…4 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane (No 2) [2005] NSWCA 291 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane [2005] NSWCA 164; (2005) ATR 81-789 Kay v Chesser [1999] VSCA 83; (1999) 3 VR 55 Lewis v Daily Telegraph Ltd [1964] AC 234 Macquarie Radio Network Pty Ltd v Arthur Dent [2007] NSWCA 261 Madden v Seafoll…
Massoud v Radio 2GB Sydney Pty Ltd; Massoud v Fox Sports Australia Ltd; Massoud v Commonwealth Broadcasting Corporation Pty Ltd; Massoud v Nine Digital Pty Ltd; Massoud v Nationwide News Pty Ltd [2021] NSWDC 336
Citation 22

…FLR 402 Humphries v TWT Ltd [1993] FCA 577; 120 ALR 693 Hutley v Cosco [2021] NSWCA 17 Jackson v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd [1981] 1 NSWLR 36 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Obeid (2005) 64 NSWLR 485 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Rivkin (2003) 77 ALJR 1657 Jones v Sutton (No 2) [2005] NSWCA 203 Lewis v…
Talacko v Talacko [2021] HCA 15
Citation 23 (Para 21)

…minution in value of the damaged property, usually measured by the cost of repairing the property, and consequential loss". [44] Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36 at 39-40; Powercor Australia Ltd v Thomas (2012) 43 VR 220 at 227 [25]-[27]. [45] Sainsbury's Supermarkets Ltd v Mastercard Inc [2020] 4 All ER 807 a…
Burrows v Houda (No. 2) [2021] NSWDC 127
Citation 24

…aintiff’s own imputations and by the defendants’ contextual imputations’ ( Jackson v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd [1981] 1 NSWLR 36, p 41E). The scope of an imputation must be taken to include all imputations which do not differ in substance, or are less injurious, or which are but shades, nuances, and gradations…
Industrial Relations Secretary v Public Service Association and Professional Officers Association Amalgamated Union of New South Wales [2021] NSWSC 160
Citation 25 (Para 2)

…ry Employees Federation v Northern Colliery Proprietors Association [1904] 3 A.R. (NSW) 182 at 185; Greater Wollongong City Council v Dunn [1973] 1 NSWLR 36 at 42 (per Hutley JA).” Further, it is well-established that where a tribunal, such as the Commission, may exercise jurisdiction to affect adversely the…
Stead v Fairfax Media Publications Pty Ltd [2021] FCA 15
Citation 26

…Ltd v Hitchcock [2007] NSWCA 364; (2007) 70 NSWLR 484 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164; (2005) Aust Torts Reports ¶81-789 Jones v Dunkel (1959) 101 CLR 298 London Artists Ltd v Littler [1969] 2 QB 375 Nationwide News Pty Ltd v Rush [2020] FCAFC 115; (2020) 380 ALR 432 Oliver v Nine Netw…
Barrack v Wilson [2020] NSWDC 789
Citation 27

…laintiff’s own imputations and by the defendants’ contextual imputations’ (Jackson v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd [1981] 1 NSWLR 36, p 41E). The scope of an imputation must be taken to include all imputations which do not differ in substance, or are less injurious, or which are but shades, nuances, and gradations…
Aaren Pty Ltd trading as Price Beat Travel v Arya [2020] NSWDC 657
Citation 28

…John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Hitchcock (2007) 70 NSWLR 484 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164 Kernsley v Foot [1952] AC 345 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Company (1997) 189 CLR 520 Lindholdt v Hyer [2008] NSWCA 264 Makim v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (Unreported, Supreme Court of New…
Camuglia v Housman [2020] NSWDC 446
Citation 29 (Para 20)

…he cost of reinstatement is not disproportionate to the diminution in value of the land ( Minter v Eacott (1952) 69 WN (NSW) 93; Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36 at [40] (Samuels JA with whom Moffitt P and Hutley JA agreed); Gagner v Canturi Corp (2009) 262 ALR 691; [2009] NSWCA 413 at 711-712 [98]-[103] (Camp…
Cosco v Hutley (No 2) [2020] NSWSC 893
Citation 30

…96; [2014] NSWCA 90 Howden v Truth & Sportsman Ltd (1937) 58 CLR 416; [1937] HCA 74 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164 Jones v Dunkel (1959) 101 CLR 298; [1959] HCA 8 Lloyd-Jones v Allen [2012] NSWCA 230 London Artists Ltd v Littler [1969] 2 QB 375; [1968] EWCA Civ 3 Marshall v Megna [2013…
Bowen v Stavroulakis [2020] NSWDC 20
Citation 31

…Ltd v Wehbe, Elmir & Ors [2006] NSWCA 3 Burnie Port Authority v General Jones Pty Ltd (1994) 179 CLR 520 Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36 Gagner Pty Ltd v Canturi Corporation Pty Ltd (2009) 262 ALR 691 Llavero v Shearer [2014] NSWSC 1336 Lym International Pty Ltd v Marcolongo [2011] NSWCA 303 Mailey v Sutherla…
The Owners SP No 8075 v Esh Group Pty Ltd [2019] NSWDC 93
Citation 32 (Para 142)

…mages is the cost of reinstatement and restoration; at least where that cost is not disproportionate to the diminution in value: Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36 per Samuels JA (with whom Moffit P and Hutley JA agreed). If rectification work has been carried out and the actual cost is known, the matter provide…
Fenn v Australian Broadcasting Corporation [2018] VSCA 166
Citation 33 (Para 1)

…That approach was said to accord with the conclusion of Hunt J in Hepburn v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd .[60] [60][1984] 1 NSWLR 386.…
Breadner v Hall [2018] NSWLC 10
Citation 34 (Para 33)

…are measured by either the amount of diminution in the value of the property or by the cost of reinstatement of the property. In Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36 Samuels JA said at 39-40:…
Khalil v Nationwide News Pty Limited (No. 2) [2018] NSWDC 126
Citation 35 (Para 70)

…, who upheld the challenges made by the defendant to the use of both “improperly profiting” (citing Hepburn v TCN Channel Nine [1984] 1 NSWLR 386 per Hunt J at 403) and “involved”.…
Marketform Managing Agency Ltd v Amashaw Pty Ltd [2018] NSWCA 70
Citation 36 (Para 57)

…o Sydney Water for the reasonable cost of putting the sewer in the state it would have been in had such groundwater not entered: Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36 at 39–40 (Samuels JA, Moffitt P and Hutley JA agreeing). Accordingly, if the risk of fire or explosion constituted Damage, the Damage for which Amash…
Rayney v The State of Western Australia [No 9] [2017] WASC 367
Citation 37

…v Essey [2005] WASCA 30; (2005) 30 WAR 1 Herald & Weekly Times Ltd v Popovic [2003] VSCA 161; (2003) 9 VR 1 Jackson v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd [1981] 1 NSWLR 36 John Fairfax & Sons Ltd v Kelly (1987) 8 NSWLR 131 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Rivkin [2003] HCA 50; (2003) 77 ALJR 1657 Legal Profession Com…
Khalil v Fairfax Media Publications Pty Ltd [2017] NSWDC 346
Citation 38 (Para 22)

…o upheld the challenges made by the defendant to the use of both “improperly profiting” (citing Hepburn v TCN Channel Nine [1984] 1 NSWLR 386 per Hunt J at 403) and “involved”.…
Shahin v Raedel [2017] SADC 92
Citation 39 (Para 18)

…ose to watching and besetting, and which, on analogy with cases such as Alma’s [265] case are an actionable nuisance. [265] Alma v Nakir [1966] 1 NSWLR 386…
Mohareb v Harbour Radio Pty Ltd (No 2) [2017] NSWSC 676
Citation 40

…ot be material to what must be proved by the defendant in order to justify the truth of that imputation (see Jackson v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd [1981] 1 NSWLR 36, at p 41) is embarrassing to the defendant and will be struck out pursuant to Pt 15, r 26(1)(b): Clines v Australian Consolidated Press Ltd (1965) 66…
Milne v Ell [2017] NSWSC 555
Citation 41 (Para 40)

…o differentiate between a statement of fact and an opinion or comment: John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane (2005) Aust Tort Reports 81-789; [2005] NSWCA 164. I will deal with those two issues together.…
Nationwide News Pty Ltd v Weatherup [2017] QCA 70
Citation 42 (Para 5)

…he plaintiff’s imputations.[20] [19] Mahommed at 264 [140]. [20]Examples were given by Hunt J in Jackson v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd [1981] 1 NSWLR 36 at 39.…
Michael Vincent Baker Superannuation Fund Pty Ltd v Aurizon Operations Limited [2017] QSC 26
Citation 43 (Para 1)

…stances and provided the cost of reinstatement is not disproportionate to the amount of the diminution in the value of the land: Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36, 40; Barbagallo v J & F Catelan Pty Ltd [1986] 1 Qd R 245, 258, 268-269; Winky Pop Pty Ltd v Mobil Refining Australia Pty Ltd [2015] VSC 348 at [182]…
Griffin v The Council of the Law Society of New South Wales [2016] NSWCA 364
Citation 44

…1998] ACTSC 266 Johnson v Johnson (2000) 201 CLR 488; [2000] HCA 48 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164 Kennedy v The Council of the Incorporated Law Institute of New South Wales (1939) 13 ALJ 563 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520; [1997] HCA 25 Law Society of N…
McKay v Nationwide News Pty Ltd; McKay v Fairfax Media Publications Pty Ltd; McKay v The Australian Broadcasting Corporation [2016] NSWSC 1719
Citation 45 (Para 8)

…e appropriate formulation of an imputation of that kind should be in accordance with the discussion of Hunt J in Jackson v John Fairfax & Sons [1981] 1 NSWLR 36, so that the imputation should either be that the plaintiff had so conducted himself as to have warranted the suspicion referred to or else identify…
Abou-Lokmeh v Harbour Radio Pty Ltd [2016] NSWCA 228
Citation 46

…iff both by the plaintiff’s own imputations and by the defendants’ contextual imputations’ ( Jackson v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd [1981] 1 NSWLR 36, p 41E). The scope of an imputation must be taken to include all imputations which do not differ in substance, or are less injurious, or which are but shades, nuance…
Brisciani v Piscioneri (No 4) [2016] ACTCA 32
Citation 47 (Para 1)

…nterest, that the comment based on facts truly stated, and that the comment otherwise lacks malice: see John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O’Shane [2005] NSWCA 164 at [16]; Channel Seven Adelaide Pty Ltd v Manock (2007) 232 CLR 245 at [3] and [129].…
Hegarty & Ready Flowers Pty Ltd v Craven [2016] QDC 91
Citation 48 (Para 1)

…usion and secrecy”. In my view that conclusion is an expression of opinion. [10]See discussion in John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O-Shane [2005] NSWCA 164 at [25]-[49].…
Fleming v Advertiser-News Weekend Publishing Co P/L (No 2) [2016] SASC 26
Citation 49 (Para 12)

…e of the two imputations conveyed. In those circumstances, it seems that the trial judge would be obliged to leave the issue to the jury. [10] [1981] 1 NSWLR 36 at 38-39.…
Giani v Queensland Television Ltd [2015] QDC 286
Citation 50 (Para 5)

…As explained by Hunt J in Jackson v John Fairfax & Sons [1981] 1 NSWLR 36 at 39: “The defence of contextual truth accepts that the matter complained of conveys the imputation pleaded by the plaintiff and that no other defence has been established in relation to that imputation; it asserts that the imputation…

See all citing cases →

Cases Cited

D'Orta-Ekenaike v Victoria Legal Aid [2005] HCA 12
Citation 1

…e v Commonwealth (1994) 182 CLR 272 Dawes v News Ltd [1935] SASR 312 Digby v Financial News Ltd [1907] 1 KB 502 D'Orta-Ekenaike v Victorian Legal Aid [2005] HCA 12; 79 ALJR 755 Evening News, Re The (1880) 1 LR (NSW)(L) 211 Goldsbrough v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (1934) 34 SR (NSW) 524 Harrigan v Jones (2001) Aust…
Peek v Channel Seven Adelaide Pty Ltd [2004] SASC 425
Citation 2

…riginal Land Council v Perkins (1998) 45 NSWLR 340 O'Shaughnessy v Mirror Newspapers Ltd (1970) 72 SR (NSW) 347 Peek v Channel Seven Adelaide Pty Ltd [2004] SASC 425 Pervan v The North Queensland Newspaper Company Limited (1993) 178 CLR 309 Peterson v Advertiser Newspapers Ltd (1995) 64 SASR 150 Petritsis v v Hell…
Bashford v Information Australia (Newsletters) Pty Ltd [2004] HCA 5
Citation 3

…208 CLR 199 Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v The Commonwealth (No 2) (1992) 177 CLR 106 Bashford v Information Australia (Newsletters) Pty Ltd (2004) 78 ALJR 346 Carleton v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (2002) Aust Tort Rep 81-685; 172 FLR 398 Christie v Robertson (1889) 10 LR(NSW)(L) 157 Clarke v Norton…
Hoser v R [2003] VSCA 194
Citation 4

…(NSW) 524 Harrigan v Jones (2001) Aust Tort Rep 81-621 Herald & Weekly Times v Popovic (2003) 9 VR 1 Horrocks v Lowe [1975] AC 135 Hoser v The Queen [2003] VSCA 194 Hunt v Star Newspaper Co Ltd [1908] 2 KB 309 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Attorney-General (NSW) (2000) 181 ALR 694 Kemsley v Foot [1952] AC 3…
Conservation Council of SA Inc v Chapman [2003] SASC 398
Citation 5

…SW)(L) 157 Clarke v Norton [1910] VLR 494 Comalco Ltd v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1985) 64 ACTR 1 Conservation Council of SA Inc v Chapman (2003) 87 SASR 62 Cunliffe v Commonwealth (1994) 182 CLR 272 Dawes v News Ltd [1935] SASR 312 Digby v Financial News Ltd [1907] 1 KB 502 D'Orta-Ekenaike v Victorian Le…
Herald & Weekly Times Ltd v Popovic [2003] VSCA 161
Citation 6

…NSW)(L) 211 Goldsbrough v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (1934) 34 SR (NSW) 524 Harrigan v Jones (2001) Aust Tort Rep 81-621 Herald & Weekly Times v Popovic (2003) 9 VR 1 Horrocks v Lowe [1975] AC 135 Hoser v The Queen [2003] VSCA 194 Hunt v Star Newspaper Co Ltd [1908] 2 KB 309 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Atto…
Rogers v Nationwide News Pty Ltd [2003] HCA 52
Citation 7

…Kisch (1935) 52 CLR 248 R v Nicholls (1911) 12 CLR 280 Re A Special Reference from the Bahama Islands [1893] AC 138 Rogers v Nationwide News Pty Ltd (2003) 216 CLR 327 Roux v Australian Broadcasting Commission [1992] 2 VLR 577 Sims v Wran [1984] 1 NSWLR 317 Slim v Daily Telegraph Ltd [1968] 2 QB 157 Stephens v West…
Carleton v Australian Broadcasting Corporation [2002] ACTSC 127
Citation 8

…Bashford v Information Australia (Newsletters) Pty Ltd (2004) 78 ALJR 346 Carleton v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (2002) Aust Tort Rep 81-685; 172 FLR 398 Christie v Robertson (1889) 10 LR(NSW)(L) 157 Clarke v Norton [1910] VLR 494 Comalco Ltd v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1985) 64 ACTR 1 Conse…
Popovic v Herald and Weekly Times Ltd [2002] VSC 174
Citation 9

…val of the judicial officer from office, has since been considered or referred to in a number of cases: see Popovic v The Herald and Weekly Times Ltd [2002] VSC 174 (Bongiorno J); The Herald and Weekly Times Ltd v Popovic (2003) 9 VR 1 (CA); Carleton v Australian Broadcasting Corporation ; Conservation Council of…
Australian Broadcasting Corporation v Lenah Game Meats Pty Ltd [2001] HCA 63
Citation 10

…lable when judicial officer allegedly defamed. LEGISLATION CITED: Defamation Act 1974, ss 9, 11, 22, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 46A CASES CITED: Australian Broadcasting Corporation v Lenah Game Meats Pty Ltd (2001) 208 CLR 199 Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v The Commonwealth (No 2) (1992) 177 CLR 106 Bashford v Information Australia (Newsletters) Pty Ltd…
Harrigan v Jones [2001] NSWSC 623
Citation 11

…orian Legal Aid [2005] HCA 12; 79 ALJR 755 Evening News, Re The (1880) 1 LR (NSW)(L) 211 Goldsbrough v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (1934) 34 SR (NSW) 524 Harrigan v Jones (2001) Aust Tort Rep 81-621 Herald & Weekly Times v Popovic (2003) 9 VR 1 Horrocks v Lowe [1975] AC 135 Hoser v The Queen [2003] VSCA 194 Hunt v Star Newspa…
Nagle v Chulov [2001] NSWSC 9
Citation 12

…chell v Sprout [2002] 1 NZLR 766 Morgan v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (No 2) (1991) 23 NSWLR 374 Mowlds v Fergusson (1939) 40 SR (NSW) 311 Nagle v Chulov [2001] NSWSC 9 Nationwide News Pty Ltd v Wills (1992) 177 CLR 1 New South Wales Aboriginal Land Council v Perkins (1998) 45 NSWLR 340 O'Shaughnessy v Mirror Newspap…
Sutherland v ACP Publishing Pty Ltd [2000] NSWSC 1139
Citation 13

…NSWLR 317 Slim v Daily Telegraph Ltd [1968] 2 QB 157 Stephens v West Australian Newspapers Ltd (1994) 182 CLR 211 Sutherland v ACP Publishing Pty Ltd [2000] NSWSC 1139 Theophanous v Herald & Weekly Times Ltd (1994) 182 CLR 104 PARTIES: John Fairfax Publications Pty Limited (A) Patricia June O'Shane (R) FILE NUMBER(S…
John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Attorney-General (NSW) [2000] NSWCA 198
Citation 14

…975] AC 135 Hoser v The Queen [2003] VSCA 194 Hunt v Star Newspaper Co Ltd [1908] 2 KB 309 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Attorney-General (NSW) (2000) 181 ALR 694 Kemsley v Foot [1952] AC 345 Kimber v The Press Association Ltd [1893] 1 QB 65 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Mann v…
Mann v O'Neill [1997] HCA 28
Citation 15

…v Foot [1952] AC 345 Kimber v The Press Association Ltd [1893] 1 QB 65 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Mann v O'Neill (1997) 191 CLR 204 McGinty v Western Australia (1996) 186 CLR 140 McRae v South Australian Telecasters Ltd (1976) 14 SASR 162 Mitchell v Sprout [2002] 1 NZLR 766 Morgan…
Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation [1997] HCA 25
Citation 16

…l (NSW) (2000) 181 ALR 694 Kemsley v Foot [1952] AC 345 Kimber v The Press Association Ltd [1893] 1 QB 65 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Mann v O'Neill (1997) 191 CLR 204 McGinty v Western Australia (1996) 186 CLR 140 McRae v South Australian Telecasters Ltd (1976) 14 SASR 162 Mitchell…
McGinty v Western Australia [1996] HCA 48
Citation 17

…ation Ltd [1893] 1 QB 65 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Mann v O'Neill (1997) 191 CLR 204 McGinty v Western Australia (1996) 186 CLR 140 McRae v South Australian Telecasters Ltd (1976) 14 SASR 162 Mitchell v Sprout [2002] 1 NZLR 766 Morgan v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (No 2) (1991) 23 NSW…
Advertiser Newspapers Ltd v Peterson [1995] HCATrans 330
Citation 18

…even Adelaide Pty Ltd [2004] SASC 425 Pervan v The North Queensland Newspaper Company Limited (1993) 178 CLR 309 Peterson v Advertiser Newspapers Ltd (1995) 64 SASR 150 Petritsis v v Hellenic Herald Pty Ltd [1978] 2 NSWLR 174 R v Dunbabin; Ex parte Williams (1935) 53 CLR 434 R V Fletcher; Ex parte Kisch (1935) 52 CLR…
Stephens v West Australian Newspapers Ltd [1994] HCA 45
Citation 19

…sting Commission [1992] 2 VLR 577 Sims v Wran [1984] 1 NSWLR 317 Slim v Daily Telegraph Ltd [1968] 2 QB 157 Stephens v West Australian Newspapers Ltd (1994) 182 CLR 211 Sutherland v ACP Publishing Pty Ltd [2000] NSWSC 1139 Theophanous v Herald & Weekly Times Ltd (1994) 182 CLR 104 PARTIES: John Fairfax Publications P…
Cunliffe v The Commonwealth [1994] HCA 44
Citation 20

…Comalco Ltd v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1985) 64 ACTR 1 Conservation Council of SA Inc v Chapman (2003) 87 SASR 62 Cunliffe v Commonwealth (1994) 182 CLR 272 Dawes v News Ltd [1935] SASR 312 Digby v Financial News Ltd [1907] 1 KB 502 D'Orta-Ekenaike v Victorian Legal Aid [2005] HCA 12; 79 ALJR 755 Evening…
Pervan v North Queensland Newspaper Co Ltd [1993] HCA 64
Citation 21

…r Newspapers Ltd (1970) 72 SR (NSW) 347 Peek v Channel Seven Adelaide Pty Ltd [2004] SASC 425 Pervan v The North Queensland Newspaper Company Limited (1993) 178 CLR 309 Peterson v Advertiser Newspapers Ltd (1995) 64 SASR 150 Petritsis v v Hellenic Herald Pty Ltd [1978] 2 NSWLR 174 R v Dunbabin; Ex parte Williams (193…
Nationwide News Pty Ltd v Wills [1992] HCA 46
Citation 22

…ED: Australian Broadcasting Corporation v Lenah Game Meats Pty Ltd (2001) 208 CLR 199 Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v The Commonwealth (No 2) (1992) 177 CLR 106 Bashford v Information Australia (Newsletters) Pty Ltd (2004) 78 ALJR 346 Carleton v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (2002) Aust Tort Rep 81-68…
Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v The Commonwealth [1992] HCA 45
Citation 23

…ED: Australian Broadcasting Corporation v Lenah Game Meats Pty Ltd (2001) 208 CLR 199 Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v The Commonwealth (No 2) (1992) 177 CLR 106 Bashford v Information Australia (Newsletters) Pty Ltd (2004) 78 ALJR 346 Carleton v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (2002) Aust Tort Rep 81-685;…
Morgan v John Fairfax & Sons Limited [1991] HCATrans 51
Citation 24

…) 186 CLR 140 McRae v South Australian Telecasters Ltd (1976) 14 SASR 162 Mitchell v Sprout [2002] 1 NZLR 766 Morgan v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (No 2) (1991) 23 NSWLR 374 Mowlds v Fergusson (1939) 40 SR (NSW) 311 Nagle v Chulov [2001] NSWSC 9 Nationwide News Pty Ltd v Wills (1992) 177 CLR 1 New South Wales Aboriginal L…
O'Shaughnessy v Mirror Newspapers Ltd [1970] HCA 52
Citation 25

…Nagle v Chulov [2001] NSWSC 9 Nationwide News Pty Ltd v Wills (1992) 177 CLR 1 New South Wales Aboriginal Land Council v Perkins (1998) 45 NSWLR 340 O'Shaughnessy v Mirror Newspapers Ltd (1970) 72 SR (NSW) 347 Peek v Channel Seven Adelaide Pty Ltd [2004] SASC 425 Pervan v The North Queensland Newspaper Company Limited (1993) 178 CLR 309 Pete…
Mowlds v Fergusson [1940] HCA 38
Citation 26

…v South Australian Telecasters Ltd (1976) 14 SASR 162 Mitchell v Sprout [2002] 1 NZLR 766 Morgan v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (No 2) (1991) 23 NSWLR 374 Mowlds v Fergusson (1939) 40 SR (NSW) 311 Nagle v Chulov [2001] NSWSC 9 Nationwide News Pty Ltd v Wills (1992) 177 CLR 1 New South Wales Aboriginal Land Council v Perkins (199…
R v Dunbabin; Ex Parte Williams [1935] HCA 34
Citation 27

…309 Peterson v Advertiser Newspapers Ltd (1995) 64 SASR 150 Petritsis v v Hellenic Herald Pty Ltd [1978] 2 NSWLR 174 R v Dunbabin; Ex parte Williams (1935) 53 CLR 434 R V Fletcher; Ex parte Kisch (1935) 52 CLR 248 R v Nicholls (1911) 12 CLR 280 Re A Special Reference from the Bahama Islands [1893] AC 138 Rogers v N…
R v Fletcher; Ex parte Kisch [1935] HCA 1
Citation 28

…) 64 SASR 150 Petritsis v v Hellenic Herald Pty Ltd [1978] 2 NSWLR 174 R v Dunbabin; Ex parte Williams (1935) 53 CLR 434 R V Fletcher; Ex parte Kisch (1935) 52 CLR 248 R v Nicholls (1911) 12 CLR 280 Re A Special Reference from the Bahama Islands [1893] AC 138 Rogers v Nationwide News Pty Ltd (2003) 216 CLR 327 Roux…
R v Nicholls [1911] HCA 22
Citation 29

…lenic Herald Pty Ltd [1978] 2 NSWLR 174 R v Dunbabin; Ex parte Williams (1935) 53 CLR 434 R V Fletcher; Ex parte Kisch (1935) 52 CLR 248 R v Nicholls (1911) 12 CLR 280 Re A Special Reference from the Bahama Islands [1893] AC 138 Rogers v Nationwide News Pty Ltd (2003) 216 CLR 327 Roux v Australian Broadcasting Commi…
Theophanous v Herald & Weekly Times Ltd [1994] HCA 46
Citation 30

…ens v West Australian Newspapers Ltd (1994) 182 CLR 211 Sutherland v ACP Publishing Pty Ltd [2000] NSWSC 1139 Theophanous v Herald & Weekly Times Ltd (1994) 182 CLR 104 PARTIES: John Fairfax Publications Pty Limited (A) Patricia June O'Shane (R) FILE NUMBER(S): CA 40208/04 COUNSEL: B Walker SC and R Glasson (A) B R M…
[1975] AC 135 [1975] AC 135
Citation 31

…Fairfax & Sons Ltd (1934) 34 SR (NSW) 524 Harrigan v Jones (2001) Aust Tort Rep 81-621 Herald & Weekly Times v Popovic (2003) 9 VR 1 Horrocks v Lowe [1975] AC 135 Hoser v The Queen [2003] VSCA 194 Hunt v Star Newspaper Co Ltd [1908] 2 KB 309 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Attorney-General (NSW) (2000) 181…
[1952] AC 345 [1952] AC 345
Citation 32

…3] VSCA 194 Hunt v Star Newspaper Co Ltd [1908] 2 KB 309 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Attorney-General (NSW) (2000) 181 ALR 694 Kemsley v Foot [1952] AC 345 Kimber v The Press Association Ltd [1893] 1 QB 65 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Mann v O'Neill (1997) 191 CLR 204 Mc…
[1908] 2 KB 309 [1908] 2 KB 309
Citation 33

…Rep 81-621 Herald & Weekly Times v Popovic (2003) 9 VR 1 Horrocks v Lowe [1975] AC 135 Hoser v The Queen [2003] VSCA 194 Hunt v Star Newspaper Co Ltd [1908] 2 KB 309 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Attorney-General (NSW) (2000) 181 ALR 694 Kemsley v Foot [1952] AC 345 Kimber v The Press Association Ltd [1893]…
[1893] 1 QB 65 [1893] 1 QB 65
Citation 34

…KB 309 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Attorney-General (NSW) (2000) 181 ALR 694 Kemsley v Foot [1952] AC 345 Kimber v The Press Association Ltd [1893] 1 QB 65 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Mann v O'Neill (1997) 191 CLR 204 McGinty v Western Australia (1996) 186 CLR 140 McRae…
[1968] 2 QB 157 [1968] 2 QB 157
Citation 35

…News Pty Ltd (2003) 216 CLR 327 Roux v Australian Broadcasting Commission [1992] 2 VLR 577 Sims v Wran [1984] 1 NSWLR 317 Slim v Daily Telegraph Ltd [1968] 2 QB 157 Stephens v West Australian Newspapers Ltd (1994) 182 CLR 211 Sutherland v ACP Publishing Pty Ltd [2000] NSWSC 1139 Theophanous v Herald & Weekly Time…
[1893] AC 138 [1893] AC 138
Citation 36

…lliams (1935) 53 CLR 434 R V Fletcher; Ex parte Kisch (1935) 52 CLR 248 R v Nicholls (1911) 12 CLR 280 Re A Special Reference from the Bahama Islands [1893] AC 138 Rogers v Nationwide News Pty Ltd (2003) 216 CLR 327 Roux v Australian Broadcasting Commission [1992] 2 VLR 577 Sims v Wran [1984] 1 NSWLR 317 Slim v…
Goldsbrough v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd 51 WN 178
Citation 37

…y v Financial News Ltd [1907] 1 KB 502 D'Orta-Ekenaike v Victorian Legal Aid [2005] HCA 12; 79 ALJR 755 Evening News, Re The (1880) 1 LR (NSW)(L) 211 Goldsbrough v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (1934) 34 SR (NSW) 524 Harrigan v Jones (2001) Aust Tort Rep 81-621 Herald & Weekly Times v Popovic (2003) 9 VR 1 Horrocks v Lowe [1975] AC 135 Hoser v The…
04 SC 20527 04 SC 20527
Citation 38

…CA 40280/04 SC 20527/00 GILES JA IPP JA YOUNG CJ in EQ Tuesday 17 May 2005…
[1907] 1 KB 502 [1907] 1 KB 502
Citation 39

…Council of SA Inc v Chapman (2003) 87 SASR 62 Cunliffe v Commonwealth (1994) 182 CLR 272 Dawes v News Ltd [1935] SASR 312 Digby v Financial News Ltd [1907] 1 KB 502 D'Orta-Ekenaike v Victorian Legal Aid [2005] HCA 12; 79 ALJR 755 Evening News, Re The (1880) 1 LR (NSW)(L) 211 Goldsbrough v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd…
[2002] 1 NZLR 766 [2002] 1 NZLR 766
Citation 40

…Neill (1997) 191 CLR 204 McGinty v Western Australia (1996) 186 CLR 140 McRae v South Australian Telecasters Ltd (1976) 14 SASR 162 Mitchell v Sprout [2002] 1 NZLR 766 Morgan v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (No 2) (1991) 23 NSWLR 374 Mowlds v Fergusson (1939) 40 SR (NSW) 311 Nagle v Chulov [2001] NSWSC 9 Nationwide News P…

Legislation Cited

Defamation Act 1974 (NSW) 11, 22, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35,...
13 mentions
Crimes Act 1900 (ACT)
1 mention

CITATION:	John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v O'Shane [2005] NSWCA 164
HEARING DATE(S):	8 and 9 September 2004
JUDGMENT DATE:	17 May 2005
JUDGMENT OF:	Giles JA at 1; Ipp JA at 104; Young CJ in Eq at 141
DECISION:	Appeal is allowed in part, damages to be reassessed.

CATCHWORDS:	TORT- Defamation- Whether matter fact or comment- Whether material supporting comment. TORT- Defamation- Qualified privilege- Whether "Lange defence" available when judicial officer allegedly defamed.
LEGISLATION CITED:	Defamation Act 1974, ss 9, 11, 22, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 46A
CASES CITED:	Australian Broadcasting Corporation v Lenah Game Meats Pty Ltd (2001) 208 CLR 199 Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v The Commonwealth (No 2) (1992) 177 CLR 106 Bashford v Information Australia (Newsletters) Pty Ltd (2004) 78 ALJR 346 Carleton v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (2002) Aust Tort Rep 81-685; 172 FLR 398 Christie v Robertson (1889) 10 LR(NSW)(L) 157 Clarke v Norton [1910] VLR 494 Comalco Ltd v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1985) 64 ACTR 1 Conservation Council of SA Inc v Chapman (2003) 87 SASR 62 Cunliffe v Commonwealth (1994) 182 CLR 272 Dawes v News Ltd [1935] SASR 312 Digby v Financial News Ltd [1907] 1 KB 502 D'Orta-Ekenaike v Victorian Legal Aid [2005] HCA 12; 79 ALJR 755 Evening News, Re The (1880) 1 LR (NSW)(L) 211 Goldsbrough v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (1934) 34 SR (NSW) 524 Harrigan v Jones (2001) Aust Tort Rep 81-621 Herald & Weekly Times v Popovic (2003) 9 VR 1 Horrocks v Lowe [1975] AC 135 Hoser v The Queen [2003] VSCA 194 Hunt v Star Newspaper Co Ltd [1908] 2 KB 309 John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd v Attorney-General (NSW) (2000) 181 ALR 694 Kemsley v Foot [1952] AC 345 Kimber v The Press Association Ltd [1893] 1 QB 65 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Mann v O'Neill (1997) 191 CLR 204 McGinty v Western Australia (1996) 186 CLR 140 McRae v South Australian Telecasters Ltd (1976) 14 SASR 162 Mitchell v Sprout [2002] 1 NZLR 766 Morgan v John Fairfax & Sons Ltd (No 2) (1991) 23 NSWLR 374 Mowlds v Fergusson (1939) 40 SR (NSW) 311 Nagle v Chulov [2001] NSWSC 9 Nationwide News Pty Ltd v Wills (1992) 177 CLR 1 New South Wales Aboriginal Land Council v Perkins (1998) 45 NSWLR 340 O'Shaughnessy v Mirror Newspapers Ltd (1970) 72 SR (NSW) 347 Peek v Channel Seven Adelaide Pty Ltd [2004] SASC 425 Pervan v The North Queensland Newspaper Company Limited (1993) 178 CLR 309 Peterson v Advertiser Newspapers Ltd (1995) 64 SASR 150 Petritsis v v Hellenic Herald Pty Ltd [1978] 2 NSWLR 174 R v Dunbabin; Ex parte Williams (1935) 53 CLR 434 R V Fletcher; Ex parte Kisch (1935) 52 CLR 248 R v Nicholls (1911) 12 CLR 280 Re A Special Reference from the Bahama Islands [1893] AC 138 Rogers v Nationwide News Pty…