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HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman

HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman

Case [2009] VSC 311

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AGLC: HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311
Case: [2009] VSC 311
Decision Date: 31 July 2009

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Citations

HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311

Most Recent Citation

Nicholls v Corlett & Ors [2010] VSC 115

Cases Citing This Decision

Return to Work Corporation of South Australia v Sweeney [2025] SASCA 50
Citation 1

…h Australia [2020] SASCFC 59; Harris v GM Holden Limited [2018] SAET 150; Hazeldene’s Chicken Farm v VWA (No 2) (2005) VSCA 298; HJ Heinz v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311; Hope v Bathurst City Council (1980) 144 CLR 1; Jobling v Associated Dairies [1982] AC 794; Kaye v Return to Work SA [2018] SAET 143; Kimber v Chief Ex…
Vicinity Centres PM Pty Ltd v Arik [2023] VSCA 295
Citation 2 (Para 7)

…show that the methodology is not in accordance with the Guides, being a document intended for application by medical practitioners. [2][2009] VSC 311, [46] (‘ Heinz ’). [3](2012) 38 VR 45; [2012] VSCA 322 (‘ Gamble ’). [4]Ibid 61 [56] (Maxwell P and Cavanough AJA).…
Amcor Plc v Scardamaglia [2023] VSCA 290
Citation 3 (Para 1)

…y expert medical practitioners, and ‘should not be overlaid with legalistic interpretation’.[23] [23]See HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311, [26] (‘ Heinz ’). (2)It is of ‘paramount importance’ to be faithful to the plain words of the ASOHNS Guidelines.[24] (3)Section 91(1) of the Act provide…
Paschalis v Return to Work Corporation of South Australia [2021] SASCFC 44
Citation 4 (Para 10)

…nd an example which seeks to illustrate what is said in the text, the text will prevail.[62] [51] H J Heinz Company Limited v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311, [24]-[28] (Kyrou J). [52] Barnett v Transport Accident Commission (1999) 15 VAR 414, [30]; aff’d and reasons adopted in Barnett v Transport Accident Commission (200…
Dallimore v Return to Work Corporation of South Australia (No 2) [2021] SASCFC 8
Citation 5 (Para 3)

…ven my reasons for judgment. I would hear the parties as to costs. [1] [2018] SAET 67 at [78]. [2] HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman & Ors [2009] VSC 311 at [24]; Frkic v Return to Work Corporation of South Australia (No. 2) [2020] SASCFC 59 at [28]. [3] [2020] SASCFC 115 at [54]. Application to set aside…
Dallimore v Return to Work Corporation of South Australia [2020] SASCFC 115
Citation 6 (Para 12)

…een the text in the Guides and an example which seeks to illustrate what is said in the text, the text will prevail. [citations omitted] [11] [2009] VSC 311. [12] [2009] VSC 311 at [24]-[28].…
Frkic v Return to Work Corporation of South Australia (No 2) [2020] SASCFC 59
Citation 7

…245; Barnett v The Transport Accident Commission [1999] 15 VAR 414; Barnett v The Transport Accident Commission [2001] VSCA 12; Hines v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311; Gillat v The Transport Accident Commission (2003) 19 VAR 376, considered.…
Whittlesea City Council v Mohammed [2019] VSCA 118
Citation 8 (Para 1)

…ached the construction of the relevant structural inclusion as a question of law — citing Kyrou J in H J Heinz Co Australia Ltd v Kotzman .[11] [11][2009] VSC 311 [36]–[40].…
Australian Building and Construction Commissioner v Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union [2017] FCA 802
Citation 9 (Para 12)

…158; Walker v Wilson (1991) 172 CLR 195 at 208; Winn v Director-General of National Parks and Wildlife (2001) 130 LGERA 508 at [251]; HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman (2009) 31 VAR 206 at [44]; Gamble v Emerald Hill Electrical Pty Ltd [2012] VSCA 322 at [52]. This is to be contrasted with an expression such as “under this Part”, which ha…
CEPU (Western Australia Division) v Fortescue Metals Group Ltd [2016] FCCA 1227
Citation 10 (Para 17)

…t 208; Winn v Director General of National Parks and Wildlife and Ors [2001] NSWCA 17 at [251] ; H J Heinz Co Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311 at [44] ; Gamble v Emerald Hill Electrical Pty Ltd [2012] VSCA 322 at [52] . This is to be contrasted with an expression such as “under this Part”, which has been he…
Njegovan v Nayshon Pty Ltd [2014] WADC 111
Citation 11 (Para 24)

…In HJ Heinz Co Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311 [25] ‑ [27] Kyrou J provided the following summary of the case law in Victoria which had dealt with the interpretation of the AMA Guides: It has been said that to the extent that an Act requires determinations of impairment to be made in accordance with the Gu…
Ramsay v Sunbuild Pty Ltd [2014] FCA 54
Citation 12 (Para 8)

…195 at 208; Winn v Director General of National Parks and Wildlife and Ors [2001] NSWCA 17 at [251]; H J Heinz Co Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311 at [44]; Gamble v Emerald Hill Electrical Pty Ltd [2012] VSCA 322 at [52]. This is to be contrasted with an expression such as “under this Part”, which has been…
Victorian WorkCover Authority v Elsdon [2013] VSCA 235
Citation 13 (Para 1)

…law. He regarded the competing medical views as largely mirroring the legal debate concerning the proper construction of Structural Inclusion (2). [7][2009] VSC 311, [24]-[28].…
Lingenberg v Gallichio [2013] VSCA 143
Citation 14

…[18] Heinz Co Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311, [46] (Kyrou J).…
Gamble v Emerald Hill Electrical Pty Ltd [2012] VSCA 322
Citation 15 (Para 1)

…, affirmed on appeal Barnett v Transport Accident Commission (2001) 34 MVR 26; Gillat [2003] 38 MVR 463, [27] (Nettle J); Heinz [2009] VSC 311, [24] (Kyrou J); Transport Accident Commission v Serwylo [2010] VSC 421, [25] (Kaye J). [52] Mountain Pine Furniture Pty Ltd v Taylor (2007) 16 VR 659, 660 [2], 672 [46].…
Capel Sound v Sim [2025] VSC 485
Citation 16 (Para 1)

…196, [28]–[29]; Vicinity Centres Pty Ltd v Arik [2023] VSCA 295, [4] (‘ Vicinity Centres v Arik ’). [5] HJ Heinz Co Australia v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311, [24]; Gamble v Emerald Hill Electrical Pty Ltd (2012) 38 VR 45 (‘ Gamble v Emerald Hill Electrical ’). See also Vicinity Centres v Arik (n 4) .…
Gray v Victorian WorkCover Authority [2024] VSC 680
Citation 17 (Para 4)

…d show that the methodology is not in accordance with the Guides, being a document intended for application by medical practitioners.[12] [9] HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman (2009) VSC 311. [10][2023] VSCA 295 (‘ Vicinity ’). [11](2012) 38 VR 45. [12] Vicinity (n 10) [7] (Niall and Macaulay JJA).…
Swan Hill District Health v Graham [2023] VSC 454
Citation 18 (Para 1)

…t regard, in H J Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman (‘ Heinz ’),[23] Kyrou J (as his Honour then was) stated, among other things, that – [23][2009] VSC 311 (‘ Heinz ’ ).…
Boroondara City Council v Howell [2023] VSC 406
Citation 19 (Para 1)

…formity with the Guides, by applying the methodologies specified by the Guides.[23] [22]Referring to HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311, [26] ( HJ Heinz ) and Victorian WorkCover Authority v Elsdon (2013) 42 VR 434, [49]. [23]Referring to HJ Heinz , [45]–[48].…
Skarbek v Brand [2023] VSC 346
Citation 20 (Para 1)

…re higher level considerations, not mere matters of evidence.[20] [18] H J Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman (2009) 31 VAR 206, [2009] VSC 311, [26] (Kyrou J). [19] Gamble v Emerald Hill Electrical Pty Ltd (2012) 38 VR 45, [58] (‘ Heinz’ ). [20] Chang v Neill (2019) 62 VR 174, [71]-[72] (‘Chang’).…
Arik v Vicinity Centres PM Pty Ltd [2023] VSC 94
Citation 21 (Para 1)

…d legalistically, as if it was a statute.[38] [38] Elsdon , [49] (Bongiorno JA and Dixon AJA), quoting HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311, [24]–[28].…
Troeth v Cerberus Catering Pty Ltd [2022] VSC 767
Citation 22

…[40]T51-55. Senior counsel for the first defendant referred to H J Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzmann [2009] VSC 311, Latchford v Gibbons [2021] VSC 229 and Wingfoot Australia Partners Pty Ltd v Kocak (2013) 252 CLR 480.…
Freedman v Gomperts [2022] VSC 780
Citation 23 (Para 1)

…departure from the Guides, and constituted an error of law.[40] [40] Edwards (n 28), [82]. See also H J Heinz Company Australia Pty Ltd v Kotzmann [2009] VSC 311, [25].…
Bhelley v Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd [2022] VSC 446
Citation 24 (Para 1)

…provide standard protocols and criteria for estimating a person’s degree of permanent impairment.[4] [4] H J Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311 [10] citing the Guides Foreword and pp 2/7, 2/9 (‘ Heinz ’).…
La Rosa v Patrick [2022] VSC 404
Citation 25 (Para 1)

…xercise of professional judgment in selecting the most appropriate methodology’ (to use Kyrou J’s language in Heinz [43]). [43] Heinz [2009] VSC 311, [46].…
Golden City Support Services v Forrest [2021] VSC 582
Citation 26

…[24] HJ Heinz & Anor v Kotzman & Ors [2009] VSC 311 ( ‘HJ Heinz’ ), [24]–[28]. Citations omitted.…
Edwards v State of Victoria [2021] VSC 423
Citation 27 (Para 1)

…A Guides and GEPIC is a question of law.[52] [51]Wrongs Act, ss 28LH and s 28LI(1). See [21] above. [52] HJ Heinz Company Australia Pty Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311, [24], applied in relation to GEPIC in YG-1 Australia Pty Ltd v Brann [2016] VSC 713, [54].…
Latchford v Gibbons [2021] VSC 229
Citation 28 (Para 1)

…he Guides is appropriate. Any error in doing so would not be one of law. As Kyrou J observed in HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd & Anor v Kotzman & Ors [2009] VSC 311:…
La'Brooy v Jensen [2021] VSC 89
Citation 29 (Para 1)

…man , ‘[i]t is of paramount importance to be faithful to the Guides’ plain words’.[29] [28] H J Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311 (‘ Heinz v Kotzman ’). [29]Ibid [26] (citations omitted). A medical panel is not, however, required to apply the Guides in identifying any unrelated impairment, and…
Jerak v Dr Lazarus & Ors [2020] VSC 729
Citation 30 (Para 1)

…h it is not necessary to do so, it is desirable to make some observations on the arguments that were presented. [50] H J Heinz & Anor v Kotzman & Ors [2009] VSC 311.…
Rashidi v Holsman [2020] VSC 413
Citation 31

…[11][2009] VSC 311 (‘ Heinz ’).…
City of Melbourne v Neppessen [2019] VSC 84
Citation 32 (Para 1)

…diction (in this case, the Wrongs Act ).[38] [37] Supreme Court (General Civil Procedure) Rules 2015 ord 56. [38] H J Heinz Company Limited v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311 [38] (‘ Heinz ’), citing Minister for Aboriginal Affairs v Peko-Wallsend Ltd (1986) 162 CLR 24, 39 (‘ Peko-Wallsend ’).…
State of Victoria v Jerak [2018] VSC 680
Citation 33 (Para 1)

…ent. Kyrou J held that the panel had introduced a new issue extraneous to the Guides and not given the plaintiff prior notice of the issue.[21] [20][2009] VSC 311. [21]Ibid [63]–[64].…
Pickett v Parks Victoria [2018] VSC 473
Citation 34

…VBA – Minister for Aboriginal Affairs v Peko-Wallsend Ltd (1986) 162 CLR 24 – HJ Heinz Company Australia Limited & Anor v Kotzman & Ors [2009] VSC 311 (31 July 2009) – Wingfoot Australia Partners Pty Ltd & Anor v Kocak & Ors (2013) 252 CLR 480.…
Hart v Melbourne Underwater World Pty Ltd [2018] VSC 394
Citation 35 (Para 1)

…f the ( Wrongs ) Act. His Honour proceeded to restate the general principles in the context of the ( Wrongs ) Act, as follows:[10] [5][2009] VSC 311, [24]-[28]. [6](2013) 42 VR 434, [49] 446-447. This is noted by Ierodiaconou AsJ in Adams v Wadesley [2018] VSC 304, [28]. [7][2009] VSC 311, [44]-[46]. [8]A corresp…
St Luke's Anglicare v Handrinos [2018] VSC 356
Citation 36 (Para 1)

…ent’.[8] [7]The GEPIC was gazetted on 27 July 2006 and remains in force under s 67 of the WIRCA. [8] HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311, [27] (‘ HJ Heinz ’), applied in relation to GEPIC in YG-1 Australia Pty Ltd v Brann [2016] VSC 713, [54] (‘ YG-1’ ).…
Adams v Wadesley [2018] VSC 304
Citation 37 (Para 1)

…sistency between the text in the Guides and an example which seeks to illustrate what is said in the text, the text will prevail’.[40] [40] Heinz [2009] VSC 311, [28] (Kyrou J).…
O'Brien v Brand [2017] VSC 596
Citation 38

…[26][2009] VSC 311.…
Yg-1 Australia Pty Ltd v Dr Brann & Ors [2016] VSC 713
Citation 39 (Para 13)

…rse of submissions, Counsel for the Employer outlined the purpose of the AMA Guides, and referred[81] to the case of H J Heinz & Anor v Kotzman & Ors [2009] VSC 311 (‘ H J Heinz ’)[82] in which Kyrou J noted as follows: [24] The interpretation of the Guides is a question of law. The determination of the level of…
Leemark Fire Protection Pty Ltd v Malios [2014] VSC 654
Citation 40 (Para 1)

…processes and criteria set out in the Guides for the relevant condition, body part or system.’[10] [10] HJ Heinz Company Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311, [45] (Kyrou J).…
Kowal v O'Day [2014] VSC 347
Citation 41

…[22][2009] VSC 311 [24]–[28], approved in Vic WorkCover Authority v Elsdon [2013] VSCA 235 [49].…
Hatswell v Victoria [2013] VSC 262
Citation 42

…[13][2009] VSC 311 (31 July 2009) (‘ Heinz ’).…
Lingenberg v Gallichio [2013] VSC 207
Citation 43 (Para 1)

…v Kotzman, [5] I summarised the general principles for interpreting the Guides and the provisions of the AC Act relating to the Guides as follows: [5][2009] VSC 311 (31 July 2009) (‘ Heinz ’).…
Saddington v Kotzman [2013] VSC 196
Citation 44 (Para 1)

…Compensation Act 1985 . Those principles are equally applicable to the Act. In the context of the Act, the principles may be restated as follows. [7][2009] VSC 311 (31 July 2009) (‘ Heinz ’).…
Summers v Director of Housing [2012] VSC 395
Citation 45

…[44][2009] VSC 311, [24]-[28]. Footnotes reproduced from original.…
Elsdon v Victorian WorkCover Authority [2012] VSC 347
Citation 46 (Para 1)

…ely mirroring the legal debate concerning the proper construction of Structural Inclusion (2). [7] Heinz Company Australia Ltd & Anor v Kotzman & Ors [2009] VSC 311 [24]-[28].…
Chua v Lowthian [2011] VSC 468
Citation 47 (Para 1)

…e other provisions of the Division,[25] which relevantly include s 28LL(3) to which I shall shortly come. [25] Cf H J Heinz Company Limited v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311 (‘ H J Heinz ’); Alcoa Holdings Ltd & Anor v Lowthian & ors and De Haas [2011] VSC 245 (‘ Alcoa ’).…
Alcoa Holdings Ltd v Lowthian [2011] VSC 245
Citation 48

…urer’s lawyers dated 17 March 2010 together with a copy of a decision of His Honour Kyrou J in H J Heinz Company Australia Ltd & Or v Kotzman & Ors [2009] VSC 311. The Panel notes paragraph 5.4 of the self-insurer’s submission to the Panel states “…that the AMA Guides also requires that an estimate is made of the…
Collins v Eaton [2011] VSC 71
Citation 49 (Para 1)

…if the panel asked itself, in effect, the wrong question, or misapplied the relevant test.[1] [1]See for example H J Heinz Co Australia Ltd v Kotzman [2009] VSC 311 at [24].…
Gamble v Emerald Hill Electrical Pty Ltd [2010] VSC 611
Citation 50 (Para 1)

…ciples applicable to such a review see generally: Clark v National Mutual Life Insurance Limited [2007] VSC 341 and HJ Heinz & Or v Kotzman & Ors [2009] VSC 311.…

Cases Cited

Statutory Material Cited

SZNDL v Minister for Immigration and Citizenship [2009] FCA 568
Citation 1 (Para 1)

…Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs ,[25] the High Court referred to the above statement in Alphaone and continued: [25](2006) 228 CLR 152.…
Puafisi v Minister for Immigration & Citizenship [2008] FCAFC 39
Citation 2

…[24](1994) 49 FCR 576, 591-2.…
Mountain Pine Furniture Pty Ltd v Taylor [2007] VSCA 146
Citation 3 (Para 1)

…he Guides and an example which seeks to illustrate what is said in the text, the text will prevail.[12] [12] Mountain Pine Furniture Pty Ltd v Taylor (2007) 16 VR 659, 669 [33].…
VWBH v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs [2005] FCA 1104
Citation 4 (Para 1)

…d (1990) 170 CLR 321, 355-6; Roads Corporation v Dacakis [1995] 2 VR 508, 517-20; Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs v Rajalingam (1999) 93 FCR 220, 257 [146]; Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs v Eshetu (1999) 197 CLR 611, 626 [40], 627-8 [44]-[45]; Willcocks v Comcare (2001) 66 ALD…
NAFT v Minister for Immigration [2003] FCAFC 254
Citation 5 (Para 1)

…for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs v Rajalingam (1999) 93 FCR 220, 257 [146]; Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs v Eshetu (1999) 197 CLR 611, 626 [40], 627-8 [44]-[45]; Willcocks v Comcare (2001) 66 ALD 119; [2001] FCA 1315, [6] ; Berbers v Transport Accident Commission (2002) 19 VAR 201; [200…
Connelly v MMI Workers Compensation (Vic) Ltd [2003] VSCA 60
Citation 6 (Para 1)

…The Guides should not be interpreted as if it was a statute.[9] [6] Lake v Transport Accident Commission [1998] 1 VR 616, 626 (‘ Lake ’); Connelly v MMI Workers Compensation (Vic) Ltd (2003) 6 VR 555, 557 [9] (‘ Connelly ’). [7] Lake [1998] 1 VR 616, 626; Connelly (2003) 6 VR 555, 557-8 [9]; Elworthy [2007] VSC 48, [21]. [8] Elworthy [2007] VSC 48, […
Barnett v Transport Accident Commission M26/2001 [2001] HCATrans 646
Citation 7 (Para 1)

…airment is a question of fact.[3] [2] Barnett v Transport Accident Commission (1999) 15 VAR 414; [1999] VSC 484, [30]; aff’d and reasons adopted in Barnett v Transport Accident Commission (2001) 34 MVR 26; [2001] VSCA 12. [3] Gillat v Transport Accident Commission (2003) 38 MVR 463; [2003] VSC 15, [27] (‘ Gillat ’).…
Willcocks v Comcare [2001] FCA 1315
Citation 8 (Para 1)

…Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs v Eshetu (1999) 197 CLR 611, 626 [40], 627-8 [44]-[45]; Willcocks v Comcare (2001) 66 ALD 119; [2001] FCA 1315, [6] ; Berbers v Transport Accident Commission (2002) 19 VAR 201; [2002] VSC 211, [28]-[34]; Bell Corp Victoria Pty Ltd v Stephenson (2003) 20 VAR 280; […
Barnett v Transport Accident Commission [2001] VSCA 12
Citation 9 (Para 1)

…Accident Commission (1999) 15 VAR 414; [1999] VSC 484, [30]; aff’d and reasons adopted in Barnett v Transport Accident Commission (2001) 34 MVR 26; [2001] VSCA 12. [3] Gillat v Transport Accident Commission (2003) 38 MVR 463; [2003] VSC 15, [27] (‘ Gillat ’).…
Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs v Eshetu [1999] HCA 21
Citation 10 (Para 1)

…oads Corporation v Dacakis [1995] 2 VR 508, 517-20; Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs v Rajalingam (1999) 93 FCR 220, 257 [146]; Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs v Eshetu (1999) 197 CLR 611, 626 [40], 627-8 [44]-[45]; Willcocks v Comcare (2001) 66 ALD 119; [2001] FCA 1315, [6] ; Berbers v Transport Accident Commission (2002) 19 V…
Minister for Immigration and Ethnic Affairs v Wu Shan Liang [1996] HCA 6
Citation 11 (Para 1)

…forming its opinion is determined by construction of the statute conferring its jurisdiction, namely the AC Act.[17] [13] Masters v McCubbery [1996] 1 VR 635 (‘ Masters’ ). [14] Masters [1996] 1 VR 635. [15] Australian Broadcasting Tribunal v Bond (1990) 170 CLR 321, 355-6; Roads Corporation v Dacakis [199…
Craig v South Australia [1995] HCA 58
Citation 12 (Para 1)

…Ltd v Stephenson (2003) 20 VAR 280; [2003] VSC 255, [34]; Lucas v Transport Accident Commission [2003] VSC 97, [10]. [16] Craig v South Australia (1995) 184 CLR 163, 179. [17] Minister for Aboriginal Affairs v Peko-Wallsend Ltd (1986) 162 CLR 24, 39.…
Walker v Wilson [1991] HCA 8
Citation 13 (Para 1)

…4 FCR 510, 529; Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Minister for Transport and Communications (1989) 86 ALR 119, 147‑8; Walker v Wilson (1991) 172 CLR 195, 207-8; Re La (1993) 41 FCR 151, 158.…
Australian Broadcasting Tribunal v Bond [1990] HCA 33
Citation 14 (Para 1)

…he AC Act.[17] [13] Masters v McCubbery [1996] 1 VR 635 (‘ Masters’ ). [14] Masters [1996] 1 VR 635. [15] Australian Broadcasting Tribunal v Bond (1990) 170 CLR 321, 355-6; Roads Corporation v Dacakis [1995] 2 VR 508, 517-20; Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs v Rajalingam (1999) 93 FCR 220, 257 [146]…
Stead v State Government Insurance Commission [1986] HCA 54
Citation 15 (Para 1)

…could not possibly have affected the panel’s opinion, the Court would ordinarily not do so.[28] [28] Stead v State Government Insurance Commission (1986) 161 CLR 141, 145.…
Minister for Aboriginal Affairs v Peko-Wallsend Ltd [1986] HCA 40
Citation 16 (Para 1)

…nt Commission [2003] VSC 97, [10]. [16] Craig v South Australia (1995) 184 CLR 163, 179. [17] Minister for Aboriginal Affairs v Peko-Wallsend Ltd (1986) 162 CLR 24, 39.…
Nash v Sunshine Porcelain Potteries Ltd [1959] HCA 7
Citation 17 (Para 1)

…considered to be ‘correct’, ‘fair’, ‘optimal’ or ‘actual’. [20]Mr O’Loghlen relied on Nash v Sunshine Porcelain Potteries (1959) 101 CLR 353, 361, Stevenson v Buchanan & Brock Pty Ltd [1971] VR 503, 519 and Esam v ASP Ship Management (1998) 87 FCR 82, 85.…
Minister for Immigration & Multicultural Affairs v Rajalingam [1999] FCA 719
Citation 18 (Para 1)

…ers [1996] 1 VR 635. [15] Australian Broadcasting Tribunal v Bond (1990) 170 CLR 321, 355-6; Roads Corporation v Dacakis [1995] 2 VR 508, 517-20; Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs v Rajalingam (1999) 93 FCR 220, 257 [146]; Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs v Eshetu (1999) 197 CLR 611, 626 [40], 627-8 [44]-[45]; Willcocks v Comcare (20…
In the matter of an application by Robert La for an inquiry into a ballot in the Federated Furnishing Trade Society of Australasia [1993] FCA 87
Citation 19 (Para 1)

…l Television Pty Ltd v Minister for Transport and Communications (1989) 86 ALR 119, 147‑8; Walker v Wilson (1991) 172 CLR 195, 207-8; Re La (1993) 41 FCR 151, 158.…
Minister for Health v. Thomson [1985] FCA 208
Citation 20 (Para 1)

…impairment were open to the panel, including the diagnosis-based methodology. [27]Mr O’Loghlen relied on Minister for Health v Thomson (1985) 8 FCR 213, 217, 224 and Keller v Drainage Tribunal [1980] VR 449, 453.…
Vegco Pty Ltd v Gibbons [2008] VSC 363
Citation 21 (Para 1)

…er submissions on this issue if any party wishes to make any. I will also hear submissions on the question of costs. [30]Cf Vegco Pty Ltd v Gibbons [2008] VSC 363, [33].…
Transport Accident Commission v Elworthy [2007] VSC 48
Citation 22 (Para 1)

…made in accordance with the Guides, the Guides has the force of law[4] and is a legislative document.[5] [4] Transport Accident Commission v Elworthy [2007] VSC 48, [20] (‘ Elworthy ’). [5] State Trustees Ltd v Transport Accident Commission (2002) 6 VR 359, 365 [25].…
Taylor v Mountain Pine Furniture Pty Ltd [2006] VSC 499
Citation 23

…[21][2006] VSC 499; aff’d in Mountain Pine Furniture Pty Ltd v Taylor (2007) 16 VR 659, 668 [27].…
Martinez v Dynamic Engineering Construction Co Pty Ltd [2005] VSC 204
Citation 24 (Para 1)

…557-8 [9]; Elworthy [2007] VSC 48, [21]. [8] Elworthy [2007] VSC 48, [21]. [9] Martinez v Dynamic Engineering Construction Co Pty Ltd [2005] VSC 204, [10].…
Bell Corp Victoria Pty Ltd v Stephenson [2003] VSC 255
Citation 25 (Para 1)

…Berbers v Transport Accident Commission (2002) 19 VAR 201; [2002] VSC 211, [28]-[34]; Bell Corp Victoria Pty Ltd v Stephenson (2003) 20 VAR 280; [2003] VSC 255, [34]; Lucas v Transport Accident Commission [2003] VSC 97, [10]. [16] Craig v South Australia (1995) 184 CLR 163, 179. [17] Minister for Aboriginal Affa…
Lucas v Transport Accident Commission [2003] VSC 97
Citation 26 (Para 1)

…[2002] VSC 211, [28]-[34]; Bell Corp Victoria Pty Ltd v Stephenson (2003) 20 VAR 280; [2003] VSC 255, [34]; Lucas v Transport Accident Commission [2003] VSC 97, [10]. [16] Craig v South Australia (1995) 184 CLR 163, 179. [17] Minister for Aboriginal Affairs v Peko-Wallsend Ltd (1986) 162 CLR 24, 39.…
Gillat v Transport Accident Commission [2003] VSC 15
Citation 27 (Para 1)

…adopted in Barnett v Transport Accident Commission (2001) 34 MVR 26; [2001] VSCA 12. [3] Gillat v Transport Accident Commission (2003) 38 MVR 463; [2003] VSC 15, [27] (‘ Gillat ’).…
State Trustees v Transport Accident Commission [2002] VSC 428
Citation 28 (Para 1)

…ument.[5] [4] Transport Accident Commission v Elworthy [2007] VSC 48, [20] (‘ Elworthy ’). [5] State Trustees Ltd v Transport Accident Commission (2002) 6 VR 359, 365 [25].…
Berbers v Transport Accident Commission [2002] VSC 211
Citation 29 (Para 1)

…6 [40], 627-8 [44]-[45]; Willcocks v Comcare (2001) 66 ALD 119; [2001] FCA 1315, [6] ; Berbers v Transport Accident Commission (2002) 19 VAR 201; [2002] VSC 211, [28]-[34]; Bell Corp Victoria Pty Ltd v Stephenson (2003) 20 VAR 280; [2003] VSC 255, [34]; Lucas v Transport Accident Commission [2003] VSC 97, [10]. […

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