Gittani Stone Pty Ltd v Pavkovic

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New South Wales


Court of Appeal


CITATION: Gittani Stone Pty. Limited v. Pavkovic [2007] NSWCA 355
HEARING DATE(S): 16 November 2007
 
JUDGMENT DATE: 

13 December 2007
JUDGMENT OF: Hodgson JA at 1; Ipp JA at 70; McColl JA at 117
DECISION: Appeal dismissed with costs.
CATCHWORDS: TORTS - NEGLIGENCE - EMPLOYMENT - Scope of duty of care - Causation - Employee injured by being shot by another employee after he left place of employment - Employee had been injured over 18 months earlier in an assault by the other employee at the place of employment - Other occasions of unreasonable conduct by the other employee - Whether employer in breach of duty of care in not dismissing the other employee, or otherwise - Whether injury caused by any such breach, and not too remote.
CASES CITED: Annetts v Australian Stations Pty Ltd (2000) 23 WAR 35
Antoniak v The Commonwealth (1962) 4 FLR 454
Ashrafi Persian Trading Company Pty Limited v Ashrafinia (2002) Aust Torts Reports 81-636
AWU-FIME Amalgamated Union v Queensland Alumina Ltd (1995) 62 IR 385
Bendix Mintex Pty. Limited v. Barnes (1997) 42 NSWLR 307
Betts v Whittingslowe [1945] HCA 31; (1945) 71 CLR 637
Burnie Port Authority v General Jones Pty Ltd (1994) 179 CLR 520
Caparo Industries Plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605
Chapman v Hearse (1961) 106 CLR 112
Chappel v Hart [1998] HCA 55; (1998) 195 CLR 232
Chappel v. Hart (1998) 195 CLR 232
Chomentowski v Red Garter Restaurant Ltd (1970) 92 WN (NSW) 1070
Coca-Cola Amatil (NSW) Pty. Limited v. Pareezer [2006] NSWCA 45
Czatyrko v. Edith Cowan University [2005] HCA 14, 79 ALJR 839
Deatons Pty Ltd v Flew [1949] HCA 60; (1949) 79 CLR 370
Dorset Yacht Company Limited v Home Office [1970] AC 1004
Dovuro Pty Ltd v Wilkins (2003) 215 CLR 317
English v. Rogers [2005] NSWCA 327
Flounders v. Millar [2007] NSWCA 238
Fox v. Percy (2003) 214 CLR 118
Fraser v State Transit Authority (1985) 39 SASR 57
Gordon v. Ross [2006] NSWCA 157
Hamilton v Nuroof (WA) Pty Ltd [1956] HCA 42
Hughes v. Lord Advocate [1963] AC 837
in Mahony v. J. Kruschich (Demolitions) Pty. Limited (1985) 156 CLR 522
Liftronic Pty Limited v Unver (2001) 75 ALJR 867
Macquarie Area Health Service v. Egan [2002] NSWCA 26
March v. E. & M.H. Stramere Pty. Limited (1991) 171 CLR 506
Mifsud v. Campbell (1991) 21 NSWLR 725
Modbury Triangle Shopping Centre Pty. Limited v. Anzil [2000] HCA 61, 205 CLR 254
Naxakis v. Western General Hospital [1999] HCA 22, 197 CLR 269
New South Wales v Lepore [2003] HCA 4; (2003) 212 CLR 511
Overseas Tank Ship (UK) Limited v. Morts Dock & Engineering Co. Limited (The Wagon Mound No.1) [1961] AC 388
Perl Limited v Camden London Borough Council [1984] QB 342
Public Transport Corporation v Sartori [1997] 1 VR 168
Romeo v. Conservation Commission of the Northern Territory (1998) 192 CLR 431 Graham…
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Details
Case
[2007] NSWCA 355
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

Gittani Stone Pty Ltd appealed a decision of the District Court of New South Wales concerning a claim in negligence brought by the respondent, Mr Pavkovic. Mr Pavkovic had been injured by being shot by a co-employee after he had left the employer's premises. The injury occurred over 18 months after an earlier assault by the same co-employee on Mr Pavkovic at the workplace, and following other instances of unreasonable conduct by that co-employee.

The central legal issues before the Court of Appeal were whether Gittani Stone Pty Ltd had breached its duty of care to Mr Pavkovic by failing to dismiss the offending employee or take other appropriate action, and whether any such breach had caused Mr Pavkovic's injury, or if the injury was too remote.

The Court of Appeal, comprising Hodgson JA, Ipp JA, and McColl JA, dismissed the appeal. The reasoning focused on the employer's duty to take reasonable steps to prevent foreseeable harm to its employees. The court considered the employer's knowledge of the offending employee's prior violent conduct and the potential for future harm. The court found that the employer had breached its duty of care by failing to adequately address the risk posed by the offending employee, and that this breach had caused the injury sustained by Mr Pavkovic. The court determined that the injury was not too remote a consequence of the employer's negligence.

The appeal was dismissed with costs.

Orders

Orders of the court

Appeal dismissed with costs.

Background

Background to the litigation

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Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

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Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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