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Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co

Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co

Case [1880] UKHL 3

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Case: [1880] UKHL 3
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Cases Citing This Decision

165

Stewart v Metro North Hospital and Health Service [2025] HCA 34
Citation 1 (Para 4)

…which, so far as money can do, will put that party in the same position as he or she would have been in if ... the tort had not been committed". [25] Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 39. [26](1991) 172 CLR 60 at 63.…
Milosavljevic v Transport Accident Commission [2025] NSWPIC 448
Citation 2 (Para 1)

…ng damages to an injured person is that a tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more and no less than a plaintiff’s actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, Lord Blackburn at [39].…
Chappell v Insurance Australia Limited t/as NRMA Insurance [2025] NSWPIC 419
Citation 3 (Para 1)

…ng damages to an injured person is that a tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more and no less than a plaintiff’s actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, Lord Blackburn at [39].…
Washbourne v QBE (Insurance) Australia Limited [2025] NSWPIC 334
Citation 4 (Para 1)

…ng damages to an injured person is that a tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more and no less than a plaintiff’s actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, Lord Blackburn at [39].…
Dolbel v Allianz Australia Insurance Limited [2025] NSWPIC 290
Citation 5

…rson is that a Tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more nor less than the persons’ actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co [1880] UKHL 3. 117.Damages for personal injury are given on a once and for all basis irrespective of whether the person’s condition worsens or improves. 118.In cases…
Maamary v Insurance Australia Limited t/as NRMA Insurance [2025] NSWPIC 202
Citation 6 (Para 1)

…ng damages to an injured person is that a tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more and no less than a plaintiff’s actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, Lord Blackburn at [39].…
Ulkin v Insurance Australia Limited t/as NRMA Insurance [2025] NSWPIC 174
Citation 7 (Para 1)

…ng damages to an injured person is that a tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more and no less than a plaintiff’s actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, Lord Blackburn at [39].…
Noori v Insurance Australia Limited t/as NRMA Insurance [2025] NSWPIC 143
Citation 8 (Para 1)

…ng damages to an injured person is that a tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more and no less than a plaintiff’s actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, Lord Blackburn at [39].…
Brown v AAI Limited t/as AAMI [2025] NSWPIC 103
Citation 9 (Para 1)

…rson is that a Tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more nor less than the persons’ actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co [1880] UKHL 3.…
Cester v Allianz Australia Insurance Limited [2025] NSWPIC 27
Citation 10 (Para 2)

…rson is that a Tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more nor less than the person’s actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co [1880] UKHL 3.…
Mourad v QBE Insurance (Australia) Limited [2024] NSWPIC 700
Citation 11 (Para 1)

…rson is that a Tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more nor less than the persons’ actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co [1880] UKHL 3.…
Just Rite Australia Pty Ltd ACN 120 505 991 v Doyle (Civil Dispute) [2024] ACAT 36
Citation 12 (Para 25)

…derpinning an award of compensatory damages is to achieve that outcome. [1] Balkin and Davis, Law of Torts , (fifth edition), paragraph 27.22, citing Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 35…
Comensoli v WQA [2024] VSCA 104
Citation 13 (Para 1)

…s the trial judge observed,[7] a corollary of that settled principle is that an injured party cannot recover more than he or she has lost.[8] [6] Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, 39 (Lord Blackburn); Redding v Lee (1983) 151 CLR 117, 133 (Mason and Dawson JJ) (‘ Redding ’); Haines v Bendall (1991) 172 CLR 60, 63 (Mas…
Noor v Transport Accident Commission [2024] NSWPIC 25
Citation 14 (Para 1)

…ng damages to an injured person is that a tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more and no less than a plaintiff’s actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, Lord Blackburn at [39].…
Carusi v St Mary's Anglican Girls School Inc [2023] WADC 103
Citation 15

…7 CLR 138 Indigo Mist Pty Ltd v Palmer [2012] NSWCA 239 Jones v Bartlett [2000] HCA 56; (2000) 205 CLR 166 Kerr v Minister for Health [2009] WASCA 32 Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 Makita (Australia) Pty Ltd v Sprowles (2001) 52 NSWLR 705 Malec v J C Hutton Pty Ltd [1990] HCA 20; (1990) 169 CLR 638 Martin v Western…
Doerr v Gardiner [2023] QCA 160
Citation 16

…td (2020) 6 QR 475; [2020] QCA 246, cited Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25; [1880] UKHL 3, cited Malec v JC Hutton Pty Ltd (1990) 169 CLR 638; [1990] HCA 20, explained Mallett v McMonagle [1970] AC 166, considered Mann v Ellbourn (1974) 8 SASR 298, cited March v E & MH Stramare Pty Ltd (1991) 1…
Rodic v Insurance Australia Limited t/as NRMA Insurance [2023] NSWPIC 273
Citation 17 (Para 1)

…ng damages to an injured person is that a tribunal should assess damages so that they represent no more and no less than a plaintiff’s actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, Lord Blackburn at [39].…
Tristram-Howard v Morris Corporation (Aust) Pty Ltd [2023] WADC 60
Citation 18

…v Husher [1999] HCA 47; (1999) 197 CLR 138 Jongen v CSR Ltd (1992) Aust Torts Rep 81-192 Kschammer v R W Piper & Sons Pty Ltd & Ors [2003] WASCA 298 Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 Malec v J C Hutton Pty Ltd [1990] HCA 20; (1990) 169 CLR 638 Medlin v SGIC (1995) 182 CLR 1 Pavicic v Webb [2013] ACTSC 41 Planet Fisher…
Allen v Merym Pty Ltd t/as EMCO Building [No 3] [2023] WADC 55
Citation 19

…n v CSR Ltd (1992) Aust Torts Report 81-192 Kschammer v R W Piper & Sons Pty Ltd [2003] WASCA 298 Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd v Fox (2009) 240 CLR 1 Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 Martin v Minister for Health [2016] WADC 15 McKay v Commissioner of Main Roads [No 3] [2010] WASC 232 Medlin v State Government Insuranc…
Lenane Holdings Pty Ltd v Summit Rural (WA) Pty Ltd [2023] WADC 42
Citation 20 (Para 1)

…uffered, in the same position as he would have been in if he had not sustained the wrong for which he is now getting his compensation …'[511] [511] Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, 39 (Lord Blackburn); Husher v Husher [1999] HCA 47; (1999) 197 CLR 138, 142 - 143 [6] (Gleeson CJ, Gummow, Kirby & Hayne JJ).…
Veitch v Connor [2023] WADC 38
Citation 21

…4 Kondis v State Transport Authority (1984) 154 CLR 672 Lawson v Minister for Health [2005] WADC 105 Leheste v The Minister for Health [2012] WADC 92 Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 Luxton v Vines (1952) 85 CLR 352 Marsh v Baxter [2015] WASCA 169 MR & RC Smith Pty Ltd t/as Ultra Tune (Osborne Park) v Wyatt [No 2] [20…
Misan v Markham Real Estate Partners (KSW) Pty Ltd [2023] NSWCA 51
Citation 22

…Hutchens v Deauville Investments Pty Ltd [1986] HCA 85; (1986) 68 ALR 367 Langbein v Mottershead Investments Pty Ltd (No 3) [2020] FCA 1790 Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 Markham Real Estate Partners (KSW) Pty Ltd v Misan [2022] NSWSC 733 Markham Real Estate Partners (KSW) Pty Ltd v Misan (No 2) [2022] NSWSC 809 Mo…
Fowkes v Boston Scientific Corporation [2023] FCA 230
Citation 23 (Para 36)

…ompensatory damages in tort law is to place a plaintiff as far as possible in the position in which they would have been, had the wrong not occurred: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 (per Lord Blackburn). But it must be recognised that vindication of legal rights is a fundamental purpose of private law and every remed…
Sarah Morgan (a pseudonym) v Public Trustee and Guardian (Appeal) [2022] ACAT 105
Citation 24 (Para 13)

…or lost the normal pecuniary loss is the market value of the goods.[10] [9] Butler v Egg & Egg Pulp Marketing Board (1966) 114 CLR 185 (referring to Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 39) [10] The Clyde (1856) Swab 23 at [24]…
McAllister v AAI Limited t/as GIO [2022] NSWPIC 638
Citation 25 (Para 1)

…awarding damages to an injured person is that damages should be assessed so that they represent no more and no less than a plaintiff’s actual loss: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, Lord Blackburn at [39].…
Elite Realty Development Pty Ltd v Sadek [2022] NSWSC 1333
Citation 26

…[2020] NSWDC 797 Kallouf v Middis [2008] NSWCA 61 Lamb v Cotogno (1987) 164 CLR 1 Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 Louis Vuitton Malletier SA v Toea Pty Ltd (2006) 156 FCR 158 MacDougal v Mitchell [2015] NSWCA 389 Magnacrete Ltd v Douglas-Hill (1988) 48 SASR 565 Maguire v Makaronis (1997) 188 CLR 449 Malcolm Anthony B…
Headon v Amaca Pty Limited [2022] NSWDDT 5
Citation 27 (Para 114)

…put the plaintiff in, as far as possible, the position that he or she would have been had the tort not be committed: Livingstone v. Rawyards Coal Co [1880] UKHL 3; (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 39 and Harriton v. Stephens [2004] NSWCA 93; (2004) 59 NSWLR 694 at [7]–[8] per Spigelman CJ.…
Goodwin Street Developments Pty Ltd atf Jesmond Unit Trust v DSD Builders Pty Ltd (in liq) [2022] NSWSC 624
Citation 28 (Para 52)

…y Ltd t/as Indochine Cafe v Canturi Corporation Pty Ltd [2009] NSWCA 413 at [30] (Campbell JA; Macfarlan JA and Sackville AJA agreeing), citing Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 39 (Lord Blackburn).…
Do Carmo v Wishaw [2022] WADC 42
Citation 29

…77 Husher v Husher [1999] HCA 47; (1999) 197 CLR 138 Kerr v Minister for Health [2009] WASCA 32 Kschammer v R W Piper & Sons Pty Ltd [2003] WASCA 298 Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 McKay v Commissioner of Main Roads [No 2] [2010] WASC 153 McKay v Commissioner of Main Roads [No 3] [2010] WASC 232 Medlin v SGIC [1995]…
Aerolink Air Services Pty Ltd v Bankstown Airport Ltd [2022] NSWSC 587
Citation 30 (Para 118)

…at 128; [1966] HCA 14, is compensation, the one principle that is “absolutely firm, and which must control all else”. Lord Blackburn said in Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 39:…
Aversa v Transport for New South Wales [2022] NSWSC 277
Citation 31 (Para 64)

…at the plaintiff would have received by way of royalty per ton for permitting the coal to be mined. This was confirmed by the House of Lords in Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 (the decision is famous for Lord Blackburn’s statement of the measure of damages generally applicable in tort; Lord Hatherley, who had by then…
Port Sorell Bowls Club Inc v Dann [2022] TASFC 2
Citation 32

…uffered, in the same position as he would have been in if he had not sustained the wrong for which he is now getting his compensation or reparation": Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Company (1980) 5 App Cas 25 at 39 per Lord Blackburn. As Gibbs CJ and Wilson J put it in Todorovic v Waller (1981) 150 CLR 402 at 412, "a plaintiff who has been inj…
Arsalan v Rixon [2021] HCA 40
Citation 33 (Para 3)

…a property right. [18] Haines v Bendall (1991) 172 CLR 60 at 63. See also Butler v Egg and Egg Pulp Marketing Board (1966) 114 CLR 185 at 191, citing Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 39. [19]Descheemaeker, "The Standardisation of Tort Damages" (2021) 84 Modern Law Review 2 at 2.…
O'Loughlin v McCallum [2021] WADC 77
Citation 34 (Para 2)

…provisions of the Civil Liability Act 2002 (WA) (CLA). [3] See Nominal Defendant v Gardikiotis [1996] HCA 53; (1996) 186 CLR 49, 55 (McHugh J) citing Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Company (1880) App Cas 25, 39 (Lord Blackburn).…
Battunga Country Lions Club v Paues [2021] SASCA 72
Citation 35 (Para 35)

…to place the injured plaintiff in the same position he or she would have been in if he or she had not sustained the negligently caused injury.[2] [2] Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 39 (Lord Blackburn).…
Seeley International Pty Ltd v Millennium Electronics Pty Ltd (in Liq) (No 3) [2021] SASC 63
Citation 36 (Para 1)

…have been had there been no breach of duty.[30] In an appropriate case, this extends to consequential losses, provided they are not too remote. [30] Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25, 39 (Lord Blackburn). Misleading and deceptive conduct…
Moffett v Robin [2021] NSWDC 211
Citation 37 (Para 620)

…ty who has been injured in the same position as he would have been in if he had not sustained the wrong for which he is now getting his compensation: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App CAS 25 at 39 per Lord Blackburn. This has been followed and accepted in numerous later High Court cases: for example, Haines v Bendall [1991] H…
Arndell BHT Arndell v Old Bar Beach Festival Incorporated; Cox v Mid-Coast Council [2020] NSWSC 1710
Citation 38

…1004 Husher v Husher (1999) 197 CLR 138; [1999] HCA 47 Kirby v Sanderson Motors Pty Ltd (2002) 54 NSWLR 135; [2002] NSWCA 44 Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 Malec v JC Hutton Pty Ltd (1990) 169 CLR 638; [1990] HCA 20 Mead v Kerney [2012] NSWCA 215 Modbury Triangle Shopping Centre Pty Ltd v Anzil (2000) 205 CLR 254;…
Il Forno Limited v Kleine [2020] NZHC 1889
Citation 39

…12 Attorney-General v Geothermal Produce New Zealand Ltd [1987] 2 NZLR 348 (CA) at 359, citing Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 39; Benton v Miller & Poulgrain (A Firm) [2005] 1 NZLR 66 (CA) at 101.…
Leeda Projects Pty Ltd v Zeng [2020] VSCA 192
Citation 40 (Para 1)

…e breach of it.[26] [23] Hungerfords v Walker (1989) 171 CLR 125, 143 (Mason CJ and Wilson J). [24] Robinson v Harman (1848) 1 Ex 850, 855 (Parke B); Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Company (1880) 5 App Cas 25, 39 (Lord Blackburn); Bellgrove v Eldridge (1954) 90 CLR 613, 617–18 (Dixon CJ, Webb and Taylor JJ); Clark v Macourt (2013) 253 CLR 1, 6…
Ajia v TJ & RF Fordham Pty Ltd trading as TRN Group [2020] NSWDC 371
Citation 41 (Para 306)

…e compensatory principle is to put the party affected in, as far as possible, the position that they would have been had the tort not been committed: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 39 and Harriton v Stephens (2004) 59 NSWLR 694 at [7]–[8] per Spigelman CJ.…
D'Souza v Barclays Building Services (WA) Pty Ltd [2020] WADC 87
Citation 42

…ASC 99 Kittelty v Davies [2011] WADC 1 Kschammer v R W Piper & Sons Pty Ltd [2003] WASCA 298 Laing O'Rourke (BMC) Pty Ltd v Kirwin [2011] WASCA 117 Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 Luxton v Vines [1952] HCA 19; (1952) 85 CLR 352 Lyle v Soc [2009] WASCA 3 March v E & MH Stramare Pty Ltd [1991] HCA 12; (1991) 171 CLR 50…
Water Babies International Limited v Williams [2020] NZHC 1289
Citation 43

…ort) Ltd v Morris-Garner [2018] UKSC 20, [2019] AC 649 at [105]. 52 Attorney-General v Geothermal Produce NZ Ltd [1987] 2 NZLR 348 (CA) at 359 citing Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 AC 25 at 39.…
Boland v Amaca Pty Ltd [2020] NSWDDT 4
Citation 44 (Para 180)

…e compensatory principle is to put the party affected in, as far as possible, the position that they would have been had the tort not been committed: Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 39 and Harriton v Stephens (2004) 59 NSWLR 694 at [7]–[8] per Spigelman CJ.…
Georgopoulos v Normetals Pty Ltd [2020] SASC 18
Citation 45 (Para 28)

…ble market. Here the items have either been on sold or damaged beyond repair. [27] Butler v Egg & Egg Pulp Marketing Board (1966) 114 CLR 185 at 191; Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 AC 25 at 39; Pennant Hills Restaurants Pty Ltd v Barrell Insurances Pty Ltd (1981) 145 CLR 625 at 637. [28] Electricity Trust of South Australia v…
Pitcher Partners Consulting Pty Ltd v Neville's Bus Service Pty Ltd [2019] FCAFC 119
Citation 46 (Para 20)

…Lord Browne-Wilkinson commenced (at 262) with the well-known statement of Lord Blackburn in Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 at 39 concerning the need for compensatory reparation in damages to award a sum that will as nearly as possible place the party who has been injured in the same position as it would have been ha…
Moule v Amaca Pty Limited, Boral Cement Limited and Gerard Malouf and Partners Pty Ltd [2019] NSWDDT 6
Citation 47 (Para 66)

…um that will nearly as possible place the plaintiff in the same position as she would have been in had she not sustained the solicitor’s wrong (see Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas. 25, Todorovic v Waller (1981) 150 CLR 402.…
McIntyre v Quality Roofing Services Pty Ltd [2019] SASCFC 29
Citation 48

…ed v Tranways Advertising Propriety Limited (1938) 61 CLR 286; Development Act 1993 (SA) s 85; City of Charles Sturt v McIntyre [2014] SAERDC 45; Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas AC 25; Robinson v Harman (1848) 1 Ex 850; Astley v Austrust Ltd (1999) 197 CLR 1; Johnson v Perez (1988) 166 CLR 351; Burns v MAN Automotive (A…
Hobbs v PGK Pty Ltd [2018] QCATA 156
Citation 49 (Para 33)

…In that same case Brennan J said: The general rule as to the date at which damages are to be assessed is subject to the principle governing the measure of damages. A plaintiff who has suffered damage as a result of a defendant's tort or breach of contract is entitled to such a sum as will, so far as…
Wyzenbeek v Australasian Marine Imports Pty Ltd (No 2) [2018] FCA 1517
Citation 50

…eritage (2013) 298 ALR 532 Lederberger and Scheiner v Mediterranean Olives Financial Pty Ltd (2012) 38 VR 509 Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co (1880) 5 App Cas 25 Lyndel Nominees v Mobil Oil Australia Ltd (1997) 37 IPR 599 Marks v GIO Australia Holdings Ltd (1998) 196 CLR 494 McDonald v Deputy Federal Commissioner of Land Tax (Cth) (1915…

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