Ducret, Alan Raymond v Colourshot Pty Ltd

[1981] FCA 9

I N T H E F E D E R A L C O U R T OF A U S T R A L I A - ) VG Nos. 79, 81, 82,

_-._ ~

85, 87, 89, 91, 92,

V I C T O R I A D T S T R I C T R E G I S T R Y 94, 96, 97, 99, 100,
101, 103 and 104

D I V I S l O N , G E N E R A L ‘ of i980

I N T P R A C T I C E S H E M A T T E R OF THE TRADE

A C T 1974

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

- A n d : C O L O U R S H O T P T Y . D e f e n d a n t L T D .

( V G N o . 79 of 1980) ,

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

A n d :  C O L O U R S H O T P T Y . D e f e n d a n t L T D .

I

( V G N o . 81 o f 1980)

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET -

Prosecutor

( V G N o . 82 of 1980)

- A n d : COLOURSBOT PTY. -- L T D ~

D e f e n d a n t

. 2 .

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

And: ' COLOURSHOT PTY. LTD.

D e f e n d a n t

(VG No. 85 of 1980)

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

r Prosecutor

A n d :  C O L O U R S H O T P T Y . D e f e n d a n t L T D .

(VG N o . 87 of 1980)

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

A n d :  C O L O U R S H O T P T Y . D e f e n d a n t L T D .

(VG No. 89 of 1980)

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

A n d : C O L O U R S H O T P T Y . D e f e n d a n t L T L .

(VG NO. 91 Of 1980)

. .

3 .

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

A n d :	BARRY	STACEY
_ I

D e f e n d a n t

(VG No. 9 2 o f 1 9 8 0 )

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Proescutor

- And : BARRY STACEY

D e f e n d a n t

( V G N o . 9 4 of 1 9 8 0 )

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

- And : BARRY STACEY

D e f e n d a n t

( V G N o . 96 of 1 9 8 0 )

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

- A n d : B A R R Y S T A C E Y

D e f e n d a n t

( V G N o . 97 of 1 9 8 0 )

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

A n d :

- BARRY STACEY

D e f e n d a n t

(VG N O . 9 9 O f 1 9 8 0 )

Between:  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

A n d :  B A R R Y S T A C E Y

-

D e f e n d a n t

( V G N o . 1 0 0 of 1 9 8 0 )

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

A n d :  B A R R Y S T A C E Y

-

D e f e n d a n t

(VG NO. 1 0 1 O f 1 9 8 0 )

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYMOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

- A n d : B A R R Y S T A C E Y

D e f e n d a n t

(VG No. 1 0 3 of 1 9 8 0 )

B e t w e e n :  ALAN RAYNOND DUCRET

Prosecutor

- A n d : B A R R Y S T A C E Y

D e f e n d a n t

( V G N o . 1 0 4 of 1 9 8 0 )

Coram:  S m i t h e r s J.

11 February 1 9 8 1

REASONS FOR JUDGMENT

T h e s e p r o c e e d i n g s a r i s e o u t o f a course o f s y s t e m a t i c ,

h e a r t l e s s a n d f r a u d u l e n t e x p l o i t a t i o n b y t h e d e f e n d a n t s o f

pe r sons o f modes t d e f e n d a n t means i n w h i c h t h e v i c t i m s p a i d t h o u s a n d s o f

d o l l a r s t o t h e company f o r w o r t h l e s s c o n t r a c t s , w e r e

c a u s e d t o i n c u r e x p e n s e s i n per forming unrewarding and onerous

work, a l l l o s t t h e i r money and some were l e f t w i t h a l o a d o f

deb t wh ich will be a h e a v y b u r d e n f o r y e a r s a h e a d .

T h e d e f e n d a n t C o l o u r s h o t P t y . L t d . ( t h e Company) h a s

p l e a d e d g u i l t y t o s e v e n c h a r g e s t h a t i t c o n t r a v e n e d t h e

p r o v i s i o n s of s . 5 9 ( 2 ) o f t h e T r a d e P rac t i ces Act 1 9 7 4 i n t h a t

it i n v i t e d p e r s o n s t o e n g a g e i n a b u s i n e s s a c t i v l t y r e q u i r i n g

t h e inves tmen t of moneys by them and the performance by them

of	work	a s s o c i a t e d	w i t h	t h e	i n v e s t m e n t	a n d	made	a	statement
w i t h	respect	t o	t h e	p r o f i t a b i l i t y	or	r i s k	or	o t h e r	m a t e r l a l

a s p e c t	o f	t h e	b u s i n e s s	a c t i v i t i e s	w h l c h	w a s	f a l s e	o r
m i s l e a d i n g	i n	a	m a t e r i a l	p a r t i c u l a r ,	n a m e l y	t h a t	t h e	d e f e n d a n t

d i d b y bus iness a d v e r t i s e m e n t i n v l t e p e r s o n s t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n t h e

In wh ich i ncome was e s t i m a t e d t o b e $ 3 0 0 per week.

I t i s c o n v i c t e d o f a l l t h e s e o f f e n c e s .

T h e d e f e n d a n t B a r r y S t a c e y h a s p l e a d e d g u l l t y t o n i n e

c h a r g e s	of	b e i n g	k n o w i n g l y	c o n c e r n e d	i n	a n	o f f e n c e	b y	t h e
Company	I n	t h a t	i t	i n v i t e d	p e r s o n s	t o	p a r t i c i p a t e	I n	a

b u s i n e s s	a c t i v i t y	r e q u i r i n g	t h e	i n v e s t m e n t	o f	money	by	t h e
p e r s o n s	c o n c e r n e d	a n d	t h e	p e r f o r m a n c e	b y	t h e m	o f	work

a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h e i n v e s t m e n t a n d made w i t h r e s p e c t t o t h e

r i s k or o t h e r m a t e r i a l aspect of t h e a c t i v l t y s t a t e m e n t s t h a t

were f a l s e o r m i s l e a d i n g a s set f o r t h a b o v e .

-

I n respect f o u r o f t h e o f c h a r g e s w h i c h t o t h e

d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y h a s p l e a d e d g u i l t y t h e o f f e n c e o f t h e Company

t o which h e h a s p l e a d e d g u i l t y is a n o f f e n c e t o w h l c h t h e

Company h a s a l s o p l e a d e d g u l l t y a n d b e e n c o n v i c t e d .

I n respect o f t h e o t h e r f i v e c h a r g e s t o w h i c h t h e

d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y h a s p l e a d e d g u i l t y , t h e o f f e n c e t h e o f

Company t o c o n c e r n i n w h i c h h e h a s p l e a d e d g u i l t y is one i n

w h i c h t h e Company h a s n o t b e e n r e q u i r e d t o p l e a d a n d i n

respect o f w h i c h h a s n o t b e e n c o n v i c t e d . T h i s f a c t o r d o e s n o t

a f f e c t t h e o p e r a t i v e e f f e c t o f t h e d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y ' s p l e a t o

l s u p p o r t c o n v i c t i o n s o f t h e d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y i n respect o f

t h o s e	f i v e	c h a r g e s .	S e e	R.	v .	Bourne	('953) 36 Cr. App. R.
125 .

A c c o r d i n g l y t h e d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y is c o n v i c t e d o f a l l

n i n e	o f f e n c e s	t o	w h i c h	h e
h a s a d m i s s i o n p l e a d e d g u i l t y . His p l e a of

g u i l t y i n v o l v e s a n o f g u i l t b y t h e company of the

o f f e n c e s t o c o n c e r n i n w h i c h h i s p l e a o f g u i l t y e x t e n d s . The

d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y was a t a l l mater ia l times the Managlng

D i r e c t o r a n d g u i d l n g s p i r i t o f t h e Company.

E a r l y i n 1 9 7 9 t h e a c t i v i t i e s company commenced b u s i n e s s a c t i v i t e s

i n	V i c t o r i a .	T h o s e	i n v o l v e d	s e t t i n g	up	a	ne twork
o f	c o u r i e r s	t h r o u g h o u t	V i c t o r i a ,	l a t e r	e x t e n d l n g	t o	S o u t h

A u s t r a l i a , T a s m a n i a a n d New Company South Wales whose duty i t was t o

c o l l e c t a n d f o r w a r d t o t h e i n M e l b o u r n e , e x p o s e d f i l m s

l e f t a t d e p o t s by p e r s o n s who had used them i n t h e i r c a m e r a s

and t o r e d e l i v e r t h e f i l m s a n d p h o t o g r a p h s when developed and

p r i n t e d t o t h e d 2 p o t s . The I d e a w a s t h a t t h e r e was t o b e

g r e a t s p e e d i n t h e d e s p a t c h , d e v e l o p m e n t a n d r e t u r n o f t h e

f i l m s and p r i n t s . The d e p o t s w e r e t o b e m i l k b a r s a n d s i m i l a r

p l a c e s t o w h i c h t h e p u b l l c h a d r e g u l a r a c c e s s . T h u s t h e

Company r e q u i r e d n u m e r o u s p e r s o n s t o a c t a s i t s c o u r i e r s .

T h e s e p e r s o n s w e r e a n d a r e h e r e i n a f t e r c a l l e d f r a n c h i s e e s .

T h i s is b e c a u s e t h e Company d i d n o t j u s t e n g a g e c o u r i e r s a s

a g e n t s o r employees .

By t h e p r o c e d u r e o f a d v e r t i s i n g I t a c q u i r e d t h e m a s

f r a n c h i s e e s who p a i d sums of money , u s .1a l ly $7 ,500 fo r t he

p r i v i l e g e . A t y p i c a l a d v e r t i s e m e n t s t a t e d ,

T h i s is a n o p p o r t u n i t y w i t h a n e s t a b l l s h e d

company t o s e c u r e a l i g h t p i c k u p a n d

d e l i v e r y r u n t o c o n t r a c t e d r e t a i l	o u t l e t s	i n
a	named	a r e a "

a.

T h e a d v e r t i s e m e n t c o n t l n u e d ,

" T h i s is a 5 d a y week b u s i n e s s t o . s u c h man

or woman w i t h a r e l i a b l e c a r , p o t e n t i a l

e a r n i n g s	e s t i m a t e d	a r o u n d	$300	per	week.
F u l l	Pr ics	$ 7 5 0 0 .	F o r	f u r t h e r	i n f o r m a t i o n

phone Geelong 9 2 054 . . . ."

T h e p l e a o f g u i l t y c a r r i e s w i t h i t a n a d m i s s i o n o f

e v e r y	e l e m e n t	o f	t h e	c h a r g e .	A c c o r d i n g l y	i t	is	a d m l t t e d	t h a t
t h e	i n v i t a t i o n	was	t o p e r s o n s	t o	p a r t i c i p a t e	i n	a	b u s l n e s s	a n d
c o n t a i n e d	a	s t a t e m e n t	t h a t	t h e	i n c o m e	t h e m ,	t o	t h e y	i f

p a r t i c i p a t e d , was e s t i m a t e d b e t o $ 3 0 0 per week.

N o t w i t h s t a n d i n g t h e c a u t i o u s e x p r e s s i o n t h a t t h e p o t e n t i a l

e a r n i n g s were e s t i m a t e d a t a round $300 p e r week, t h e r e c a n b e

no d o u b t a d v e r t i s e m e n t t h a t p e r s o n s were i n t e n d e d t o u n d e r s t a n d t h e

t o s a y t h a t , l o o k i n g a t t h e b u s i n e s s p r o s p e c t s

of t h e company, i n t h e l i g h t o f i t s a c t . ~ a l c i r c u m s t a n c e s , i t

was r e a s o n a b l e f o r t h e company t o es t imate , a n d t h a t i t d l d

e s t i m a t e , t h a t a d i l i g e n t and compe ten t f r anch i see wou ld make

an income i n t h e v i c i n i t y o f $300 p e r week.

On t h e e v i d e n c e i t is c l e a r t h a t s u c h a s t a t e m e n t was

q u i t e f a l s e . The company could a t n o s t a g e b e s a i d t o b e a n

e s t a b l i s h e d b u s i n e s s a n d a d v e r t i s i n g t o i n d u c e p e r s o n s t o

d e p o s i t t h e i r e x p o s e d f i l m s w l t h t h e c o m p a n y ' s d e p o t s was

q u i t e	i n s u f f i c i e n t	t o	p r o d u c e	t h e	i n t a k e	r e q u l r e d .	T e l e v i s i o n
a n d	r a d i o	a d v e r t i s e m e n t s	w e r e	n o t	u n d e r t a k e n .	The	e x p e r i e n c e

of f r a n c h i s e e s f r o m t h e commencement was o n e o f c o m p l e t e

f r u s t r a t i o n , d i s s a p o i n t m e n t a n d d i s i l l u s i o n m e n t . The e v i d e n c e

s h o w s	t h a t	o f	t h e	m o r e	t h a n	s e v e n t y	f r a n c h i s e r s	t h e	most
successful of	a l l ,	one	J ames ,	ea rned	l ess	t h a n	$ 6 0	i n	e v e r y
-
week	o f	h i s	f r a n c h i s e .	One	e a r n e d	n o t h l n g	a t	a l l .	O t h e r s

e a r n e d p r a c t i c a l l y n o t h i n g . M o s t h a d f r a n c h i s e e s maximum e a r n i n g s o f

a round $ 2 0 . All t h e s e o f h a d c a r e x p e n s e s ,

a v e r a g i n g a b o u t $ 2 0 0 per month and had t o d e v o t e t h e m s e l v e s

f o r t h e g r e a t e r p a r t o f f i v e d a y s a week c a l l i n g a t d e p o t s .

They t r a v e l l e d d a i l y f o r q u i t e l o n g d i s t a n c e s u p t o a b o u t 2 0 0

miles	o n	f i v e	d a y s	e a c h	week	t o pick	u p a	t r i v i a l number	of
films,	l o s i n g money	e v e r y	d a y .	T h e y	d l d	t h i s	b e c a u s e	i n	m o s t
f r a n c h i s e	c o n t r a c t s	t h e r e	was	an	agreement	by	the	company	to

buy back " t h e d e l i v e r y r u n " a f t e r s i x m o n t h s i f t h e f r a n c h i s e

had	f a i t h f u l l y	f u l f i l l e d	t h e	terms	o f	t h e	c o n t r a c t .	S e v e r a l
of	t h e	f r a n c h i s e e s	c o n c e r n e d	i n	t h e s e	p r o s e c u t i o n s	s o u g h t	t o

b e b o u g h t o u t , b u t w i t h o u t success a n d I n t h e c l o s i n g m o n t h s

o f 1 9 7 9 t h e company had no premises , no te lephone and was

n o t t o b e f o u n d .

Of t h e f r a n c h i s e e s b e f o r e t h e C o u r t t h e s e i n

p r o s e c u t i o n s t h e r e was p a i d by them f o r t h e l r d e l i v e r y r u n

sums as f o l l o w s : -

Mr. C a t i o n s $7,500

Mr. McLean	7,500
Mr. O'Neill	7,500
Mrs. Freeman	5,000

Mr.	Kn lgh t	7,500
Mr.	S a l t e r	7,500

Mr. Palmer 5,500

Mr.	W i l e s m l t h ,	n o t
l e s s	t h a n	5,500

There was a p r o v i s i o n i n m o s t c o n t r a c t s t h a t a payment of $100

or $150 p e r week	wou ld	be	pa	id	t o	t h e	f r a n c h i s e e	f o r	t e n	weeks
t o	c o v e r	t h e	lesser	r e t u r n s	t h a t	m i g h t	b e	e x p e c t e d	i n	t h e

e a r l y s tages . There was much d e f a u l t i-1 c o m p l y i n g w i t h t h e

o b l i g a t i o n t o make these paymen t s .

The company and t h e d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y p l e a d e d g u l l t y ,

b u t	n e i t h e r	h a s	made	a n y	e x p l a n a t i o n	t o	t h e	C o u r t	c o n c e r n l n g
the	commiss ion	of	these	o f f ences	and	i ndeed	no	appea rance	was
made on a p p e a r a n c e	beha l f	o f	e i t he r	o f	t h e	d e f e n d a n t s	o t h e r	t h a n	a n

b y t h e i r c o u n s e l t o en te r p l e a s o f g u i l t y a n d t o

u n s u c c e s s f u l l y a p p l y f o r a n a d j o u r n m e n t o f t h e s e m a t t e r s .

From t h e e i g h t p e r s o n s t o whom t h e s e p r o c e e d i n g s r e l a t e , t h e

company	r e c e i v e d	$ 5 3 , 5 0 0 .	I t	is	c l e a r	t h a t	t h e	f r a n c h l s e s
were	n o t	o n l y	v a l u e l e s s	b u t	i n v o l v e d	t h e	f r a n c h i s e e s	l n months

of work a n d s u b s t a n t i a l t r a v e l l i n g e x p e n s e s . From t h e

accoun t s	o f	t he	company	it	is	c l e a r	t h a t	f o r	f o u r	m o n t h s
e n d i n g	J u n e	1979	i t s	gross	p r o f i t	o	n	d e v e l o p i n g	a n d	p r o c e s s i n g

f i l m was $162. Its o v e r h e a d e x p e n s e s were $99,219. I ts o n l y

rea l income was from the s a l e o f f r anch i ses wh ich showed a

p r o f i t o f $ 1 7 9 , 5 9 3 . 0 0 a f t e r t h e c o s t o f c o m m i s s i o n s t o

salesmen and r epurchases . The g r o s s p r o c e e d s f r o m t h e s a l e o f

f r a n c h i s e s was $284,000.00. A t a p p r o x i m a t e l y $ 7 , 5 0 0 e a c h t h i s

r e p r e s e n t e d t h e sale o f t h i r t y f r a n c h i s e s .

One w o u l d t h i n k t h a t h a d g r e a t v i g o u r Seen shown i n

T . V . a d v e r t i s i n g i t was c o n c e i v a b l e t h a t t h e i n t a k e o f f i l m s

a t d e p o t s company as well as t h e	m i g h t	h a v e	b e e n	i m p r o v e d ,	t o f r a n c h i s e e s .	t h e	b e n e f l t	o f
t h e W h e t h e r r e t u r n s t o

f r anch i se r s wou ld have approached $300 pe r week e v e n i f much

a d v e r t l s l n g	h a d	b e e n	u n d e r t a k e n	is	i m p o s s i b l e	t o	s a y .	B u t	t h e
d e f e n d a n t s	d o	n o t	s u g g e s t	t h a t	t h e	a d v e r t i s e d	estimate	was	a

v a l i d o n e . T h e y c o n c e d e t h e f a l s i t y o f t h e p u b l l s h e d e s t l m a t e

a n d	e x p l a i n	n o t h i n g .	I n	a d d i t i o n	t o	t h e	i n t a k e	o f	f i l m s	a t
d e p o t s	b e i n g	so	small	t h e	company	f a i l e d	t o	g i v e	t h e	swift

s e r v i c e w h i c h was v i t a l t o t h e s u c c e s s o f t h e v e n t u r e .

R e t u r n s

o f

f i l m s

t o

f r a n c h i s e e s

w

e

r

e

v e r y

s l o w

a n d

s o m e t i m e s

d e l a y e d

f o r

weeks.

The o n l y rea l i n c o m e o f t h i s c o m p a n y w a s f r o m s a l e s o f

f r a n c h i s e s . T h i s w a s r e v e a l e d i n t h e f i r s t four months

t r a d i n g b u t i t d i d n o t d e t e r t h e d e f e n d a n t s f r o m s e l l i n g

f u r t h e r f r a n c h i s e s I n c l u d i n g t h o s e s o l d t o t h e p e r s o n s

men t ioned above . The conc lus ion t o which one i s f o r c e d is

t h a t a t t h a t s t a g e t h e company was a f l o a t o n l y upon t h e s a l e

._

o f	t h e	f r a n c h i s e s ,	t h a t	t h e r e	r e a l l y	was	n o	b u s i n e s s	t o
p r o v i d e	r e t u r n s	t o	f r a n c h i s e e s	I n	e x c e s s	o	f	t h e l r	e x p e n d i t u r e ,
a n d	n o	e x p e c t a t i o n	t h a t	t h i s	s i t u a t i o n	w o u l d	c h a n g e .	I t	i s
s u c h	a	s c e n a r i o	w h i c h	e m e r g e s	f r o m	t h e	e v i d e n c e	c o n s i d e r e d	i n

t h e l i g h t e x p l a n a t i o n . o f t h e p l e a s o f g u i l t y a n d t h e a b s e n c e o f a n y

:

I t i s q u i t e c l e a r t h a t i t was t o s u p p r e s s t h e c l a s s o f

c o n d u c t r e v e a l e d i n these cases t h a t t h e T r a d e P r a c t l c e s Act

was p a s s e d . To a c h i e v e t h i s o b j e c t i v e h i g h m o n e t a r y pena l t ies

a r e	p r o v i d e d .	T h e	p r i n c i p l e s	o f	p u n i s h m e n t	h a v e	b e e n
d i s c u s s e d	e l s e w h e r e .	See	T r a d e	Prac t ices	Commisslon	v.	S t i h l

Chain Saws C o r p o r a t i o n ( A u s t ) P ty . L td . ) (1978) A.T.P .R.40 - 9 1 . H a r t n e l l

v . S h a r p o f A u s t r a l i a P t y . L t d . ( 1 9 7 5 ) 5 A.L.R.

4 9 3 a n d W i l d e v . P a g o n i s ( i n f r a ) .

I n t h i s case t h e e x t r a c t i o n o f s u m s , v e r y l a r g e , so

f a r a s t h e v i c t i m s were c o n c e r n e d , f o r n o b e n e f i t t o t h e m ,

a p p e a r s t o h a v e b e e n d e l i b e r a t e l y p l a n n e d e l a b o r a t e l y p u r s u e d

and t o h a v e b e e n m o s p r o f i t a b l e t t o t h e c o m p a n y . The r e t u r n s

f r o m s a l e s o f f r a n c h i s e s t o s e v e n t y p e r s o n s w o u l d h a v e

. .

13.

p r o v i d e d t h e c o m p a n y w i t h a g r o s s sum i n t h e v i c i n i t y o f

$ 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 .

T h i s C o u r t is c a l l e d o n t o c o n s i d e r s a l e s t o e l g h t

f r a n c h i s e e s . The u n s u s p e c t i n g C o u r t s h o u l d h a v e r e g a r d t o t h e d e g r e e o f

loss i n f l i c t e d o n p e r s o n s , t h e n a t u r e o f t h e

f a l s e s t a t e m e n t s , a n d u n l a w f u l t h e a b s e n c e e x p l a n a t i o n o f of t h e

d e f e n d a n t s f o r t h e l r a n d r e p r e h e n s i b l e c o n d u c t . I n

t h i s case n o t h i n g h a s b e e n u r g e d t o s u g g e s t t h a t t h e

p u n i s h m e n t s h o u l d n o t b e s u b s t a n t i a l a n d s u f f i c i e n t t o r e f l e c t

t h e i n t e n t i o n o f P a r l i a m e n t i n p a s s i n g t h e Act and p rov id ing

h i g h pena l t ies .

However i n a s s e s s i n g t h e a m o u n t o f t h e f i n e s t h e C o u r t

m u s t h a v e r e g a r d t o s . 7 9 ( 2 ) o f t h e Act which provides : -

" S . 7 9 ( 2 ) Where a p e r s o n i s c o n v i c t e d o f

t w o o r r e l a t i n g m o r e o f f e n c e s c o n s t i t u t e d b y , o r

t o , c o n t r a v e n t l o n s o f t h e same

p r o v i s i o l l o f P a r t V , b e i n g c o n t r a v e n t i o n s

t h a t a p p e a r t o t h e C o u r t t o h a v e b e e n o f

t h e same n a t u r e o r a s u b s t a n t l a l l y s i m i l a r

n a t u r e	a n d	t o	h a v e	o c c u r r e d	a t	o r	a b o u t
t h e	same	time	( w h e t h e r	o r	n o t	t h e	p e r s o n

i s a l s o c o n v i c t e d o f a n o f f e n c e o r

o f f e n c e s , c o n s t i t u t e d b y , p r o v i s i o n o r r e l a t l n g t o ,

a n o t h e r c o n t r a v e n t i o n Or o t h e r

c o n t r a v e n t i o n s o f t h a t t h a t were

o f a d i f f e r e n t na tu re o r o c c u r r e d a t a

d i f f e r e n t t ime) , t h e C o u r t s h a l l n o t , i n

respect o f p e r s o n t h e f i r s t - m e n t i o n e d o f f e n c e s ,

impose o n t h e f l n e s t h a t , I n maximum t h e

a g g r e g a t e , e x c e e d t h e f i n e t h a t

w o u l d b e a p p l i c a b l e i n r e s p e c t o f o n e

o f f e n c e b y t h a t p e r s o n a g a i n s t t h a t

p r o v i s i o n . "

l

I	i
!

14.

E a c h o f t h e o f f e n c e s m u s t , I t h i n k , b e r e g a r d e d i n t h e terms

i

o f t h e S a v e S e c t i o n a s o f f e n c e s o f t h e s a m e n a t u r e a s e a c h o t h e r .

:

i	t h a t	t h e	v i c t i m	was	d i f f e r e n t	a n d	t h e	a r e a	o	f	o p e r a t i o n s
I
!
i

was d i f f e r e n t i n ezch case a n d t h e a c t u a l p e r s o n s o f f e n c e who made t h e

i
I

a c t u a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s were d i f f e r e n t , t h e i n e a c h

1	case	i n v o l v e d	f a l s e	s t a t e m e n t s	w h i c h	were	s u b s t a n t i a l l y	t h e
!

i	same.	I n	e a c h	case,	a	c o n t r a c t	i n	s u b s t a n t i a l l y	t h e	same
1	t e r m s	was	o f f e r e d	f o r	a	s u b s t a n t i a l	p r i c e	f o r	t h e	same

c a t e g o r y o f activities o n t h e p a r t o f t h e two p r i n c i p a l s i n

l	i	t h e	t r a n s a c t i o n s .
l
i
I

1 A c c o r d i n g l y , a s t o a n y o f t h o s e o f f e n c e s w h i c h w e r e

J	commit ted	a t or	a b o u t	t h e	same	time	a s	e a c h	o t h e r	t h e	t o t a l
!
1

f i n e s i m p o s e d t h a t is $50 ,000 m u s t i n t h e case o f n o t e x c e e d t h e maximum f o r o n e o f f e n c e ,

i

t h e company and $ 1 0 , 0 0 0 i n t h e

i case o f t h e d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y .

S e c t i o n 79(2) is a s e c t i o n l i m i t i n g t h e g e n e r a l i t y o f

s.79(1). Accord ing ly i t is t o b e c o n s t r u e d a s l i m i t i n g t h e

e f f e c t o f s.79(1) so f a r as i t s terms p r o v i d e , a c c o r d i n g t o

t h e i r o r d i n a r y m e a n i n g i n t h e c o n t e x t i n w h i c h t h e y a p p e a r .

Whether i n t h e o r d i n a r y a f f a i r s of mankind i t may b e s a i d t h a t

an	e v e n t	o c c u r r e d	a t	a b o u t	t h e	same	time	a s	a n o t h e r	e v e n t ,
d e p e n d s	l a r g e l y	o n	t h e	c o n t e x t .	T h u s	i n	o n e	s e n s e	it may	be

s a i d t h a t t h e D e c l a r a t i o n o f I n d e p e n d e n c e o c c u r r e d a t a b o u t

t h e same time as C a p t a i n C o o k ' s l a n d i n g a t B o t a n y B a y . I n

;

t h i s c a s e t h e c o n t e x t i s j u s t i c e t h e i n p u n i s h m e n t f o r

o f f e n c e s .	P u n i s h m e n t	is	t o	b e	r e d u c e d	w h e r e	t h e r e	1s	a	time
r p a n	a c c o r d i n g	t o	w h i c h	t h e	s e c o n d	e v e n t	o c c u r s	a b o u t	t h e	same

time a s t h e f i r s t .

S e c t i o n 79(2) would seem t o r e f l e c t t h e p r i n c i p l e t h a t

a man s h a l l n o t m a t t e r b e p u n i s h e d t w i c e f o r t h e same s e p a r a t e o f f e n c e .

Looking a t t h e T r o a d l y two o f f e n c e s , a l b e i t

O f f e n c e s , c o m m i t t e d a t t h e same time may normal ly be regarded

a s	s u b s t a n t l a l l y	o n e	o f f e n c e	f o r	t h e	a p p l i c a t i o n	o f	t h i s
p r i n c i p l e .

I n t h e c o n t e x t t h e e x p r e s s i o n " a t t h e same t ime" used

by i t s e l f would impose a s t r i c t and narrow t e s t l i k e l y t o

e x c l u d e c a s e s f a i r l y w i t h i n t h e b r o a d c o n c e p t . The i n s e r t i o n s

of the words "or a b o u t " t o e x p a n d t h e t e s t t o r e a d " a t o r

a b o u t t h e same time" would seem t o s t r i c t l y h a v e b e e n i n t e n d e d t o

d e s c r i b e t h e c o n t e m p l a t e d o f f e n c e s l e s s c o n t r a v e n t i o n s a n d m o r e

p r a c t i c a l l y . T h u s o f f e n c e s c o m p r i s i n g w h i c h ,

w h i l e n o t o c c u r r i n g a t

t h e c o n s i d e r e d same t i m e , o c c u r , r e d a t a b o u t t h e

same time a r e t o b e a s h a v i n g a d e q u a t e u n i t y .

Under t h i s t e s t t h e q u e s t i o n i n r e l a t i o n t o m u l t i p l e

c o n t r a v e n t i o n s n o t o c c u r r i n g a t t h e same time is whe the r t hey

o c c u r r e d a b o u t t h e same time. The c r i t i c a l moments of r e l e v a n t time

w h i c h	a r e	r e l e v a n t	a r e	t h o s e	o f	t h e	o c c u r r e n c e	o f	t h e
c o n t r a v e n t i o n s .	Is	t h e	c o i n c i d e n c e	i n	t ime	so	c l o s e	a s	t o

i m p a r t u n i t y t o t h e p a r t i c u l a r two o f f e n c e s a s s u c h i n t h e c o n t e x t o f

j u s t i c e of a p u n i s h m e n t ?

To my mind t h e s p a n o f time be tween these moments

c o n t e m p l a t e d b y t h e s e c t i o n m u s t r e f l e c t a n e m p h a s i s o n t h e

n o t i o n o f c o n t e m p o r a n e i t y o f t h e c o n t r a v e n t i o n s r a t h e r t h a n

i

t h e n o t i o n t h e o f c o l l e c t i o n i n t o a f i c t i o n a l u n l t y o f

c o n t r a v e n t i o n s s e p a r a t e d b y a d i s t i n c t m e a s u r a b l e a n d

l

s u b s t a n t i a l p e r i o d o f time. Where , cons ide red a s o f f e n c e s

I a g a i n s t t h e c r i m i n a l law, t h e c o n t r a v e n t i o n s f a i r l y r e g a r d e d

are	s e p a r a t e d	b y	s u c h	a n	i n t e r v a l	i t	i s	o n l y	by	f i c t i o n	t h a t
t h e y	c a n	b e	r e g a r d e d	as	p a r t l c i p a t i n g	i n	a	q u a l i t y	o	f	u n i t y .

The s e c t i o n a p p e a r s t o me t o b e b a s e d o n s u b s t a n c e o f u n i t y

a n d n o t mere f i c t i o n t h e r e o f . I t w o u l d b e d l f f i c u l t t o

c o n t e m p l a t e	t h a t	P a r l i a m e n t	was	e x t e n d i n g	a	p r i v i l e g e	t o
commit	o f f e n c e s ,	i n f l i c t i n g	g r e a t	l o s s e s	o n	p e r s o n s ,	a n d

s u f f e r o n l y o n e p e n a l t y p r o v i d e d t h a t t h e o f f e n c e s were

commit ted	a t a b o u t	t h e	s a m e	tlme	i n	m e r e l y	a	b r o a d	h l s t o r i c a l
s e n s e ,	w h e r e	i n t e r v a l s	o f	weeks	even	or	months	would	be

d i s r e g a r d e d .

S e p a r a t e c o n t r a v e n t l o n s o f t h e Act commit ted a t an

i n t e r v a l	o f	t w o	m o n t h s	c o u l d	n o t	r e a s o n a b l y	b e	r e g a r d e d	a s
h a v i n g	o c c u r r e d	a t a b o u t	t h e	s a m e	time.	The	r e l e v a n t	frame	o f
r e f e r e n c e	is,	I	c o n c l u d e ,	t o	o f f e n c e s	so	c l o s e	t o g e t h e r	i n

time t h a t c o m m i s s l o n t h e r e i s a b a s i s i n r e a l i t y f o r a t t r l b u t i n g t o them

a u n i t y C o n s t r u l n g i n t h e o f t h e a c t u s r e u s o f e a c h .

t h e s e c t i o n i n unsound t h e l i g h t o f t h e s e o b s e r v a t i o n s i t

would seem t h a t I t would be to regard t h e o f f e n c e s

a g a i n s t s . 5 9 ( 2 ) w i t h w h i c h t h i s C o u r t is c o n c e r n e d a s b e i n g

commit ted a t a b o g t t h e same time a s e a c h o t h e r i f t h e y were

s e p a r a t e d	b	y	m o r e	t h a n ,	a t	m o s t ,	s a y	t h r e e	d a y s .	A c c o r d i n g l y ,
f o r t h e commit ted	p u r p o s e s	o	f	s . 7 9 ( 2 )	I	r e g a r d	t h o s e	o f f e n c e s	w h i c h	were

a t i n t e r v a l s n o t l e s s t h a n f o u r d a y s o f e a c h o t h e r same time a s

as o f f e n c e s o c c u r r i n g a t h e r w i s e t h a n a t a b o u t t h e

e a c h o t h e r . T h i s is a m a t t e r o f some i m p o r t a n c e i n r e l a t i o n

t o t h e o f f e n c e t h e s u b j e c t o f p r o c e e d i n g VG No. 94 of 1980

b e c a u s e i t o c c u r r e d o n a d a t e n o t p r e c i s e l y e s t a b l i s h e d

between 1 4 and 31 August 1979. A s s u c h i t c o u l d h a v e o c c u r r e d

w i t h i n f o u r d a y s o f t h e o f f e n c e t h e s u b ~ e c t o f VG No. 92 of

1980.	I f	it	d i d	i t	w o u l d	n o t	h a v e	o c c u r r e d	w i t h i n	f o u r	d a y s
of	a n y	o t h e r	o f l a t t e r	t h e	r e l e v a n t	o f f e n c e s .	If	o n	t h e	o t h e r	h a n d

i t o c c u r r e d i n t h e p a r t o f A u g u s t i t c o u l d h a v e

o c c u r r e d w i t h i n f o u r d a y s o f a l l t h r e e s u b s e q u e n t o f f e n c e s

w h i c h o c c u r r e d i n A u g u s t . The onus unde r s . 79 (2 ) wou ld appea r

t o b e on t h e C e f e n d a n t , b u t i n a n y e v e n t I t h i n k i t p r o p e r t o

act on t h e sho r t ly b a s i s t h a t t h e o f f e n c e t h e s u b j e c t o f VG No. 94 o f

1980 occur red be fo re 28 Augus t 1979 . The ev idence

would seem t o p o i n t i n t h a t d i r e c t i o n .

T h e o f f e n c e s o f t h e r e s p e c t i v e l y d e f e n d a n t c o m p a n y c h a r g e d i n t h e

f o l l o w i n g p r o c e e d i n g s were c o m m i t t e d o n t h e

f o l l o w i n g d a t e s : -

VG No. 79 of 1980 1 4 Augus t 1979

VG No. 81 of 1990 be tween 1 4 August 1 9 7 9 and

.

18.

28 August 1979

Augus t	VG No. 82	1979	15	1980	o f
Augus t	VG No. 85	1979	28	1980	o f

VG NO. 87 O f 1980 ‘September 24 1979

VG No. 89 of 1980 28 September 1979

VG No. 91 o f 1980 on or a b o u t 9 Oc tobe r 1979

T h e o f f e n c e s p r o c e e d i n g s o f t h e d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y a l l e g e d i n t h e f o l l o w i n g

r e s p e c t i v e l y were c o m m i t t e d on t h e f o l l o w i n g

d a t e s , n a m e l y ,

VG No. 92 of 1980 14 Augus t 1979

VG No. 94 of 1980 a d a t e b e t w e e n 1 4 Augus t 1979 and

31 August 1979

VG No. 96 of	August	1979	22	1980
VG No. 97 of	August	1979	27	1980

VG No. 99 of 1980 Augus t 1979 28

VG No.100 of	September	1979	24	1980
VG No.101 of	September	1979	25	1980
VG NO.103 Of 1980	September	1979	28

VG No.104 of 1980 on or about 9 Oc tobe r 1979

Hav ing r ega rd t o t h e f o r e g o i n g : -

( a )	I
i m p o s e c o m p a n y f i n e s t o t a l l i n g $ 9 5 , 0 0 0 u p o n t h e d e f e n d a n t

r e s p e c t i n t h e o f p r o c e e d i n g s h e r e i n

r e s p e c t i v e l y as f o l l o w s : -

VG No. 81 of 1980	$12,000
VG No. 79 of 1980	$12,000
VG No. 82 of 1980	$12,000
VG No. 85 of 1980	$12,000
VG No. 87 of 1980	$12,000
VG No. 89 of 1980	$15,000
VG NO. 91 Of 1980	$20,000

t h e p r o g r e s s i o n of t h e s e i m p o s i t i o n s r e f l e c t s t h e f a c t

t h a t i n t h e l a t t e r m o n t h s of 1979 t h e t i m e when t h e

company c e a s e d t o t r a d e was r e l e n t l e s s l y a p p r o a c h i n g .

( b l I i m p o s e f i n e s t o t a l l i n g $35,000 upon t he de fendan t

S t a c e y i n r e s p e c t t h e p r o c e e d i n g s o f h e r e i n

r e s p e c t i v e l y a s	follows:-
VG No. 92 of 1980	$7,000
VG No. 94 of 1980	$ 500
VG No. 96 of 1980	$4 , 500

VG NO. 97 Of 1990	$ 500
VG No. 99 of 1980	$4,500
VG NO.100 Of 1980	$1,000
VG No.101 of 1980	$4,500
VG No.103 of 1980	$4,500
VG NO.104 Of 1980	$8,000

Everv o f f enc - mean t a l o s s o f e i t h e r $ 7 , 5 0 0 or $ 5 0 0 0

t o t h e v i c t i m .

By v i r t u e o f s . 18A o f t he Crimes Act 1914 and ss .82

a n d 1 0 6 1975 it is mandatory o f t h e V i c t o r i a n M a g i s t r a t e s (Summary P r o c e e d i n g s ) Act

on t h i s C o u r t t o f i x a p e r l o d o f

impr isonment i n t h e case o f e a c h f i n e , n o t e x c e e d l n g o n e y e a r ,

e x c e p t i n p r o c e e d i n g s VG Nos. 94 and 97 no t exceed lng s1x

I m o n t h s i n d e f a u l t o f p a y m e n t o f s u c h f i n e . T h i s m a t t e r i s

d i s c u s s e d a t l e n g t h i n my d e l i v e r e d R e a s o n s f o r J u d g m e n t i n W l l d v . e

P a g o n i s VG No. 32 o f 1 9 8 0 o n 9 Februa ry 1981 . I

r e f e r t o and r e l y u p o n b y o b s e r v a t l o n s t h e r e i n .

A c c o r d i n g l y t h e C o u r t o r d e r s t h a t t h e a m o u n t of e a c h

f i n e i m p o s e d o n e a c h d e f e n d a n t b e p a i d t o t h e R e g l s t r a r of

t h i s	C o u r t .	As	t h e	d e f e n d a n t	S t a c e y	is n o t	p r e s e n t	i n	C o u r t
a t	t h e	time	t h i s	~ u d g m e n t	is	d e l i v e r e d	s . l 0 6 ( l ) ( c )	o f	t h e

M a g i s t r a t e s (Summary P r o c e e d i n g s ) Act 1 9 7 5 s e r v i c e r e q u i r e s t h a t e a c h

f i n e b e p a y a b l e " w i t h i n 2 1 d a y s a f t e r o n him of a

n o t i c e g i v e n u n d e r p a r a g r a p h ( d ) " w h i c h q o t i c e s h a l l b e i s s u e d

b y t h e R e g i s t r a r o f t h l s C o u r t a n d t h e C o u r t o r d e r s t h a t e a c h

f i n e b e p a i d w i t h i n s u c h time. I n case c i r c u m s t a n c e s s h o u l d

so	r e q u i r e	l i b e r t y	t o	a p p l y	is	h e r e b y	g r a n t e d .	I t	is	o r d e r e d
i n	each	o f	t h e	f o l l o w i n g	p r o c e e d i n g s ,	n a m e l y	VG	Nos.	92,	9 4 ,

96 , 97 , payment 99 , 100 , 1 0 1 , 1 0 3 a n d 1 0 4 o f 1 9 8 0 t h a t i n d e f a u l t o f

o f each f ine imposed t h e r e i n a s and when r e q u l r e d

a c c o r d i n g t o t h e o r d e r of t h e C o u r t t h e d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y b e

. 21.

i m p r i s o n e d	f o r	s i x	m o n t h s .	T h e	e f f e c t	o f	t h i s	is	t h a t	s h o u l d
t h e	d e f e n d a n t	S t a c e y	d e f a u l t	i n	t h e	payment	of	a l l	f l n e s	h e

wou ld be impr i soned fo r a t o t a l p e r i o d o f f o u r y e a r s a n d s i x

months.

I n e a c h of t h e a b o v e p r o c e e d i n g s i t is a l s o o r d e r e d

t h a t ,

( i ) i n e a c h company c a s e a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t C o l o u r s h o t P t y .

Ltd. the s h a l l p a y t h e c o s t s t h e r e o f i n c l u d l n g

t h e p r o o f s of t h e a c t s a n d m a t t e r s p e r f o r m e d b y i ts

a g e n t s .

( i i ) I n e a c h case a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y h e s h a l l p a y

t h e c o s t s t o w o r k of t h o s e p r o c e e d i n g s so f a r a s t h e y r e l a t e

p e r f o r m e d a d d i t i o n a l t o t h a t p e r f o r m e d i n t h e

p a r t i c u l a r p r o c e e d i n g s a g a i n s t t h e Company t o which

t h o s e p r o c e e d i n g s r e l a t e .

( i i i ) i n t h e m a t t e r of g r a n t i n g r e l i e f p u r s u a n t t o s . Z l B ( d )

of t h e Crimes Act 1 9 1 4 t o t h e p e r s o n s r e f e r r e d t o i n

t h e s e p r o c e e d i n g s is r e s e r v e d .

( i v ) L i b e r t y t o a p p l y i s r e s e r v e d .

A c c o r d i n g l y i n c o n n e c t i o n w i t h t h e a b o v e t h e o r d e r o f

t h e C o u r t is t h a t : -

I n p r o c e e d i n g VG No. 7 9 of 1 9 8 0 a g a i n s t t h e company

p u r s u a n t	t o S .	59 ( 2 ) of	t h e Act	t h e	company	be	f lned
$12 ,000 .

I n p r o c e e d i n g VG No. 8 1 of 1 9 8 0 a g a i n s t t h e company

pursuant	t o	s . 5 9	( 2 )	o f	t h e	Act	t h e	company	be	f ined
$12,000.

I n p r o c e e d i n g VG No. 82 of 1 9 8 0 a g a i n s t t h e company

p u r s u a n t	t o	s . 5 9 ( 2 )	of	t h e	Act	t h e	company	be	f ined
$ 1 2 , 0 0 0 .

I n p r o c e e d i n g VG No. 85 of 1 9 8 0 a g a i n s t t h e company

p u r s u a n t	t o	s . 5 9 ( 2 )	of	t h e	Act	t h e	company	be	f ined
$12,000.
I n	p r o c e e d i n g	VG	No.	87	o f	1980	aga ins t	t he	company
p u r s u a n t	t o	s . 5 9 ( 2 )	o f	t h e	Act	t h e	company	be	f lned

$12 ,000 .

. I n p r o c e e d i n g VG No. 89 of 1980 aga ins t the company

p u r s u a n t	t o	s . 5 9 ( 2 )	o f	t h e	Act	t h e	company	be	f ined
$15,000.
I n	p r o c e e d i n g	VG	No.	9 1	o f	1 9 8 0	a g a i n s t	t h e	c o m p a n y
p u r s u a n t	t o	s . 5 9 ( 2 )	o f	t h e	Act	t h e	company	be	f ined
$20,000.
I n p r o c e e d i c g S t a c e y	VG	No.	9 2	o	f	1 9 8 0	a g a i n s t	t h e	d e f e n d a n t

p u r s u a n t t o s.5 of t h e Crimes Act 1 9 1 4 and

s . 5 9 ( 2 )	o f	t h e	Act	t h e	d e f e n d a n t	t o b e	f i n e d	$ 7 , 0 0 0 .
I n p r o c e e d i n g S t a c e y	VG	No.	9 4	of	1 9 8 0	a g a i n s t	t h e	d e f e n d a n t

p u r s u a n t t o s.5 o f t h e Crlmes Act a n d s . 5 9 ( 2 )

o f t h e Act t h e d e f e n d a n t t o b e f l n e d $ 5 0 0 .

I n p r o c e e d i n g S t a c e y VG No. 96 o f 1 9 8 0 a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t

p u r s u a n t t o s. 5 o f t h e Crimes Act a n d s . 5 9 ( 2 )

o f	t h e	Act t h e	d e f e n d a n t	t o	b e	f i n e d $ 4 , 5 0 0 .
~

I n p r o c e e d l n g S t a c e y VG No. 97 o f 1 9 8 0 a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t

p u r s u a n t t o s . 5 o f t h e Crimes Act and S. 5 9 ( 2 )

I

o f	t h e	Act	t h e	d e f e n d a n t	t o	b	e	f i n e d	$ 5 0 0 .
I n p r o c e e d l n g S t a c e y p u r s u a n t	VG	No.	9 9	o	f	1 9 8 0	a g a i n s t	t h e	d e f e n d a n t

t o s . 5 o f t h e -. Crimes Act and S. 5 9 ( 2 )

of t h e Act t h e d e f e n d a n t t o b e f i n e d $ 4 , 5 0 0 .

I n p r o c e e d i n g VG No. 1 0 0 o f 1 9 8 0 a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t

S t a c e y p u r s u a n t t o s.5 o f t h e Crimes Act a n d s . 5 9 ( 2 )

o f t h e Act t h e d e f e n d a n t t o be f i ned $1 ,000 .

I n p r o c e e d i n g VG No. 1 0 1 o f 1 9 8 0 a g a l n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t

1. 1

1  

. 24.

i S t a c e y p u r s u a n t t o s . 5 o f t h e Cimes Act a n d s . 5 9 ( 2 ) of

t h e Act t h e d e f e n a a n t t o b e f i n e d $ 4 , 5 0 0 .

I n	p r o c e e d i n g	VG	No.	1 0 3 o f	1 9 8 0	a g a l n s t	t h e	d e f e n d a n t
S t a c e y	p u r s u s n t	t o	s . 5	o f	t h e	Crimes Act	a n d	s . 5 9 ( 2 )

of	t h e Act	t h e	d e f e n d a n t	t o	b e	f i n e d	$ 4 , 5 0 0 .
I n p r o c e e d i n y S t a c e y	VG	No.	1 0 4 o f	1 9 8 0	a g a i n s t	t h e	d e f e n d a n t

p u r s u a n t t o s . 5 o f t h e Crlmes A c t a n d s . 5 9 ( 2 )

o f	t h e	Act t h e	d e f e n d a n t	t o	b	e	f i n e d	$ 8 , 0 0 0 .
I n each	o f	t h e	a b o v e	p r o c e e d i n g s	it	is	f u r t h e r	o r d e r e d

t h a t : -

1. I n e a c h p r o c e e d i n g a g a i n s t C o l o u r s h o t P t y . L t d . t h e

company s h a l l p a y t h e f i n e imposed t o t h e R e g i s t r a r o f

t h e C o u r t f o r t h w i t h .

t

2. I n e a c h p r o c e e d i n g a g a i n s t t h e d e € e n d a n t S t a c e y h e

s h a l l p a y t h e f i n e i m p o s e d t o t h e R e g i s t r a r of t h e

C o u r t w i t h l n 2 1 d a y s a f t e r s e r v i c e o n him of a n o t i c e

g i v e n b y t h e R e g i s t r a r u n d e r s . l 0 6 ( l ) ( c ) a n d ( d ) o f

t h e M a g l s t r a t e s (Summary P r o c e e d i n g s ) Act 1975 and

s h o u l d	t h e	d e f e n d a n t	d e f a u l t	i n	t h e	payment	of	s u c h
f i n e	t h e	d e f e n d a n t	b e	i m p r i s o n e d	f o r	s i x	m o n t h s .	I n
each	case	t h e	n o t i c e	s h a l l	b e	p o s t e d	b y	r e g i s t e r e d

p o s t a d d r e s s e d t o t h e d e f e n d a n t a t t h e f o l l o w i n g

J

. 25.

a d d r e s s e s : -

39A Crows Nest Road

Waver t o n N. S . W .

C/- Rowland William Thomas

3 3 N i c h o l s o n S t r e e t

Balmain N.S.W.

2 2 Tryon Road W o l l s t o n e c r a f t

Nth Sydney N.S .W.

!

C/- R o b e r t P a r k e r

Room 112
T r a v e l o d g e M o t e l

Northbourne Avenue

C a n b e r r a C i t y . 2 6 0 0

3 . I n e a c h case a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t C o l o u r s h o t P t y .

L t d . t h e p r o c e e d i n g s Company s h a l l p a y t h e c o s t s t h e o f

i n c l u d l n g t h e p r o o f s o f t h e a c t s a n d

mattels performed by i t s a g e n t s .

4 . I n e a c h case a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t S t a c e y h e s h a l l p a y

t h e c o s t s o f t h o s e p r o c e e d i n g s so f a r as t h e y r e l a t e

t o w o r k p e r f o r m e d a d d i t l o n a l t o t h a t p e r f o r m e d i n t h e

p a r t i c u l a r p r o c e e d i n g s a g a i n s t t h e company t o w h i c h

t h o s e p r o c e e d i n g s r e l a t e .

5. The mat ter o f g r a n t i n g r e l i e f p u r s u a n t t o s . 2 1 B ( d ) o f

t h e Crimes Act 1 9 1 4 t o t h e p e r s o n s r e f e r r e d t o i n

t h e s e p r o c e e d i n g s is r e s e r v e d ; a n d

6. L i b e r t y t o a p p l y is r e s e r v e d .

I

i

I c e r t i f y t h a t t h i s and t h e

p r e c e d i n g p a g e s a r e a t r u e c o p y

of the	Reasons	for	Judgment	and
O r d e r	o f	t h e	H o n o u r a b l e	M r .

J u s t i c e S m i t h e r s . A s s o c i a t e : B-G, -

Dated:  12 F e b r u a r y 1 9 8 1 h

!

. . . . .. . .. .