Arnold v Queensland

Case [1987] FCA 148


NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION

IN THE FEDERAL COURT

OF AUSTRALIA )

)

NEW SOUTH WALES DISTRICT REGISTRY

)

No.G 502 of 1986

)

DIVISION

GENERAL

)

BFJlWEEN :

ERA POLYMERS PTY.

LIMITD

First Applicant

GEORGE PAPAMANUEL

Second Applicant

m:

UNIROYAL AUSTRALIA PTY.

LIMITD

First Respondent

SCHENECTADY CHEMICALS AUSTRALIA

PTY. LIMITED

Second Respondent

UNIROYAL AUSTRALIA PTY. LIMITED

Cross-Claimant

ERA POLYMERS PTY. LIMITED

First Cross-Respondent

GEORGE PAPAMANUEL

Second Cross-Respondent

CORAM: FOX J.

:

-

D

9 MARCH 1987

REASONS FOR JUDGMENT

(EX TEMPORE)

FOX J.

I am hearing together two applications for security for

costs, brought separately

by the t w o respondents to the principal

2 .

proceedings.

The proceedings have been on foot for some time and in

December last were the subject of interlocutory applications.

No

point has been taken concerning the lateness of the applications,

but many documents have been filed over the period, and there

have been several Court hearings. usually of short duration.

Some time after the proceedings had been commenced, the first

respondent.

Uniroyal

Australia

Pty.

Limited,

cross-claimed

against the first and second applicants, the latter apparently

being added as

an applicant as a result of the cross-claim.

The

principal proceedings allege breaches of sections

4 5 ( 2 ) , 4 6 ( 1 )

and 4 7 ( 5 ) of the Trade Practices Act

1974, while the

cross-claim

alleges

breaches

of

confidence

in

relation

to

confidential material. Against the respondent Schenectady there is a further claim for breach of s.52 of the Act. The subject

matters of

claim and cross-claim are associated, but the latter

does not arise by way of defence to the former.

It was contended on behalf of the second respondent that

the second applicant, George Papamanuel, did not allege anything

against it, OK claim relief against it.

On any view

this is not

quite

accurate,

but,

by

joining,

or

being

joined,

as

an

applicant, George Papamanuel becomes party to all allegations

against the respondents. He

is in fact the managing director of

the first applicant as

well as being, with his wife, owner of

half the paid-up capital of the company which is

$4.00 .

3 .

The applicants for security relied upon

s.533

of the

Companies Code, although reference was also made to

5.59 of the

Federal Court of Australia Act

1976.

No security was sought

directly against Mr Papamanuel.

Evidence was produced that the first applicant,

ERA

Polymers Pty. Limited was worth little, in net terms something of

the order of $3000 - $4000.

It nevertheless had had, and largely

retained, a substantial volume of trade in pre-polymer compounds.

Mr Papamanuel was, and seemingly

is, of some means, having, apart

from any other property, fairly valuable accommodation in which

he resided, and another property, apparently

an

investment,

valued at $100,000, which was mortgaged to

a

bank to obtain

funds, as necessary, for the first applicant.

The main purpose of the legislation relied upon is to

ensure that companies of little or no worth are not used by

persons or companies of means to bring litigation, without the

latter incurring any risk as to costs. In such

a case an order

for security has to be met by the principal, that is to say the

guiding hand. On the other

hand, as has so ofter been said,

care

is to be taken not to prevent

a litigant from proceeding with

its, or his, case simply because

it, or he, is poor. The line is

a difficult one to draw. and involves

an examination

of many

circumstances concerning the case. The fact that

claim has the

public interest aspect of reliance

on Part

IV

of the

T r a d e

Practices Act, is doubtless

a factor against risking the stiflinq

of proceedings.

4 .

The present case has the unusual feature that the person

who would have to provide any security ordered against the first

applicant is the co-applicant Mr Papamanuel. In that situation

he can be ordered to pay costs directly. The rationale of the

rule, therefore, is largely displaced.

It has

been

submitted

that

Mr

Papamanuel

could

discontinue at will, and thus escape primary liability.

I do not

think this could be clone so readily, or without

an obligation to

pay costs, and if and when

it did happen, the matter

of security

could be re-examined.

It is my view, therefore, that there should be no order

as to security for costs.

I should say that the amount of security sought by the

first

respondent

is

$209,000 and

by

the

second

respondent

$80,000.

The evidence is that the applicants are likely to incur

costs in these amounts. The costs already incurred are said to

be in total $117,000. It does seem to me to be appalling that to

prosecute a trade

practices

matter

in

reliance

on

the

sub-sections mentioned, in a case not of a wide importance, the

total burden of costs contemplated, according to conservative

calculations, should be nearly half

million dollars.

I dismiss the applications.

-?

\

5.

I certify that this and the

four ( 4 )

preceding pages are

asons

Honour Mr. Associate

Counsel for the Applicant:

J. M. Ireland

with

Ms.A.Bowne

Solicitors for

the Applicant:

Corrs Pavey Whiting

&

Byrne

Counsel for the First Respondent:

J. J. Garnsey

Solicitors for the First Respondent:

R. B. Kandy & Co.

Counsel for the Second Respondent:

M. Walton

Solicitors for the Second Respondent:

Sly & Russell

Date of hearing:

6 March 1987

.

I '

.

,

, .

Details
AGLC
Arnold v Queensland [1987] FCA 148
Case
[1987] FCA 148
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

The case of Arnold v Queensland involved two respondents, Uniroyal Australia Pty. Limited and Schenectady Chemicals Australia Pty. Limited, who brought separate applications for security for costs against the applicants, ERA Polymers Pty. Limited and George Papamanuel. The applicants were involved in principal proceedings alleging breaches of sections 45(2), 46(1), and 47(5) of the Trade Practices Act 1974. Uniroyal Australia Pty. Limited also cross-claimed against the applicants for breaches of confidence in relation to confidential material. The applicants sought security for costs under section 533 of the Companies Code and section 59 of the Federal Court of Australia Act 1976. The court was required to decide whether the applicants, who were of limited means, could be ordered to provide security for costs, and if so, the appropriate amount.

The court considered the purpose of the legislation to ensure that companies of little or no worth are not used by persons or companies of means to bring litigation without incurring any risk as to costs. However, the court also needed to balance this with the need to not prevent a litigant from proceeding with their case simply because they are poor. The court examined the circumstances of the case, including the fact that the person who would have to provide any security ordered against the first applicant was the co-applicant, Mr. Papamanuel. The court concluded that the rationale of the rule was largely displaced in this situation, as Mr. Papamanuel could be ordered to pay costs directly if he chose to discontinue the proceedings. The court also noted that the amount of security sought by the respondents was substantial, with the first respondent seeking $209,000 and the second respondent seeking $80,000. The court considered the total burden of costs contemplated in the case to be nearly half a million dollars.

The court dismissed the applications for security for costs, stating that it was appalling that such a large burden of costs would be incurred to prosecute a trade practices matter in a case not of wide importance. The court found that there should be no order as to security for costs, as the applicants were likely to incur costs in the amounts sought by the respondents, and the costs already incurred were said to be in total $117,000. The court emphasized the need to balance the interests of the parties and the public interest in ensuring that litigation could proceed without undue financial burden on the applicants. The court's decision ensured that the applicants could continue to pursue their claims without being financially crippled by the prospect of having to pay substantial security for costs.

Orders

Orders of the court

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Background

Background to the litigation

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Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

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Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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