Ottoway Engineering Pty Ltd v Westpac Banking Corporation

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FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

Ottoway Engineering Pty Ltd v Westpac Banking Corporation [2016] FCA 635

File number: SAD 90 of 2016
Judge: BESANKO J
Date of judgment: 2 June 2016
Catchwords: PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – application for an interlocutory injunction to restrain the respondent from having recourse to a bank guarantee – whether bank guarantee should be construed as a performance bond by way of bank guarantee or as an ordinary commercial guarantee – construction of the bank guarantee – whether there is a serious question to be tried – whether balance of convenience favours granting injunction
Legislation:

Australian Consumer Law (Sch 2 to the Competition and Consumer Act 2010) (Cth) ss 18, 20

Corporations Act 2001 (Cth)

Cases cited:

Australian Broadcasting Commission v O’Neill (2006) 227 CLR 57

Electricity Generation Corporation (t/as Verve Energy) v Woodside Energy Ltd and Others (2014) 251 CLR 640; [2014] HCA 7

Fabtech Australia Pty Ltd v Laing O’Rourke Australia Construction Pty Ltd [2015] FCA 1371

Mount Bruce Mining Pty Ltd v Wright Prospecting Pty Ltd and Another [2015] HCA 37; (2015) 325 ALR 188

Samsung Electronics Company Ltd v Apple Inc and Another (2011) 217 FCR 238

Wood Hall Limited v The Pipeline Authority and Another (1979) 141 CLR 443

Date of hearing: 26 April 2016
Registry: South Australia
Division: General Division
National Practice Area: Commercial and Corporations
Sub-area: Commercial Contracts, Banking, Finance and Insurance
Category: Catchwords
Number of paragraphs: 46
Counsel for the Applicant: Mr R Whitington QC with Mr N Floreani
Solicitor for the Applicant: Fenwick Elliott Grace
Counsel for the Respondent: Mr M Hoffman QC
Solicitor for the Respondent: HWL Ebsworth Lawyers

ORDERS

SAD 90 of 2016
BETWEEN:

OTTOWAY ENGINEERING PTY LTD (ACN 125 531 428)

Applicant

AND:

WESTPAC BANKING CORPORATION (ABN 33 007 457 141)

Respondent

JUDGE:

BESANKO J

DATE OF ORDER:

2 JUNE 2016

THE COURT ORDERS THAT:

1.Subject to the usual undertaking as to damages, the injunction made on 30 March 2016 (paragraph 1) be extended until trial or until further order.

Note:    Entry of orders is dealt with in Rule 39.32 of the Federal Court Rules 2011.


REASONS FOR JUDGMENT

BESANKO J:

Introduction

  1. This is an application by Ottoway Engineering Pty Ltd (“Ottoway”) for an interlocutory injunction restraining the Westpac Banking Corporation (“Westpac”) until trial from taking any further steps to demand or obtain payment in respect of a bank guarantee given to Westpac by Ottoway’s banker, the National Australia Bank Limited (“National Bank”).  On 12 June 2015, the National Bank executed a bank guarantee in which Westpac was named as the beneficiary and Ottoway was named as the customer (“the Guarantee”).  The amount of the Guarantee is one million dollars.  On 29 March 2016, Mr Terry Lovelock, who is a senior account manager employed by Westpac, made a demand under the Guarantee on behalf of Westpac on the National Bank for the payment of $858,158.96 as at 29 March 2016 plus interest of $105.08 per day thereafter.  On 30 March 2016,…

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Details
Case
[2016] FCA 635
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

Ottoway Engineering Pty Ltd applied for an interlocutory injunction to restrain Westpac Banking Corporation from having recourse to a bank guarantee given by Ottoway to Bluenergy. The guarantee was intended to secure Ottoway's obligations under a subcontract for mechanical and piping installation and commissioning works at Cape Preston in the Pilbara region in Western Australia. Ottoway contended that the guarantee was a performance bond, whereas Westpac argued it was an ordinary commercial guarantee. The primary issue before the court was whether the guarantee should be construed as a performance bond or an ordinary commercial guarantee. A secondary issue was whether there was a serious question to be tried on the merits of the case and whether the balance of convenience favoured granting the injunction.

The court held that the guarantee was a performance bond, as it was intended to secure Ottoway's performance of its contractual obligations under the subcontract. The court noted that the guarantee was given to Bluenergy’s banker rather than Bluenergy itself, but this did not change its nature as a performance bond. The court also found that there was a serious question to be tried on the merits of the case, and the balance of convenience favoured granting the injunction. The court extended the injunction until trial or until further order, subject to the usual undertaking as to damages.

Orders

Orders of the court

1. Subject to the usual undertaking as to damages, the injunction made on 30 March 2016 (paragraph 1) be extended until trial or until further order.

Note: Entry of orders is dealt with in Rule 39.32 of the Federal Court Rules 2011.

Background

Background to the litigation

Ottoway submitted that the Guarantee was in the nature of a performance bond whereby it gave security for the performance of its obligations to Bluenergy. The bond was given to Bluenergy’s banker, rather than Bluenergy itself, but in all other respects, the Guarantee was similar to the type of performance bond considered by the High Court in Wood Hall Limited v The Pipeline Authority and Another (1979) 141 CLR 443.The Facts The facts set out below are based on the evidence which is before the Court at this stage. In 2014, Sino Iron Pty Ltd as owner and principal, and Bluenergy as head contractor, entered into a contract for Bluenergy to perform mechanical and piping installation and commissioning works in relation to two dewatering buildings (313 and 314) located at Cape Preston in the Pilbara region in Western Australia. There was no provision in this contract for Sino Iron to make an advance payment to Bluenergy to cover the cost of site mobilisation. On 21 August 2014, Bluenergy and Ottoway entered into a subcontract whereby Ottoway agreed to perform mechanical and piping installation and commissioning works in relation to two dewatering buildings (313 and 314) located at Cape Preston. The price under the subcontract was $17,350,000. It was agreed between Bluenergy and Ottoway that Bluenergy would make an advance payment to Ottoway of 10% of the contract price seven days after the subcontract. That payment was provided to enable Ottoway to meet the cost of mobilising and establishing itself on the project site and was to be repaid by Ottoway mobilising and completing the works under the subcontract. Ottoway was to provide a bank guarantee to support the obligation to complete the works under the subcontract and to repay the advance payment. There was nothing in the subcontract about the advance payment. That was a matter which was the subject of a separate agreement. The repayment by Ottoway of the advance payment was to take place over time and involved Bluenergy retaining 10% of Ottoway’s monthly progress claims. The Guarantee would be reduced from time to time to recognise the reduced value of the advance in order to free up Ottoway’s banking facilities. Ottoway mobilised onto the site on or around 25 August 2014. On 18 September 2014, the National Bank issued a bank guarantee in favour of Westpac in the same terms as the Guarantee, save that the amount was $1,735,000. I will refer to this guarantee as the earlier guarantee. There is evidence before me that Westpac insisted on that part of the description of the Agreement which referred to Bluenergy’s obligations to Westpac. This requirement of Westpac was conveyed to Ottoway by Bluenergy. Mr Young, who is the managing director of Ottoway, said that his understanding was that the earlier guarantee was of Ottoway’s obligation to complete the works and “earn out” the value of the advance payment, or if Ottoway did not complete the works, repay the outstanding balance of the advance payment. He did not understand it to be a guarantee to Westpac by Ottoway that Bluenergy would repay the amounts it (i.e., Bluenergy) owed to Westpac. Mr Young gave evidence in his second affidavit confirming his understanding of the earlier guarantee and the Guarantee. He outlined the steps he would have taken (and did not) had he thought that Ottoway was entering into an ordinary commercial guarantee. He said that he had entered into a number of performance bonds and ordinary commercial guarantees, and the earlier guarantee and the Guarantee had all of the features of the former and none of the features of the latter.

Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

I think the balance of convenience, although not overwhelming, favours Ottoway.Conclusion I will extend the injunction until trial or until further order.

Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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