Martin v Australian Postal Corporation

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FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA
Martin v Australian Postal Corporation [2000] FCA 1646

WORKERS COMPENSATION – Commonwealth legislation – Claimed incapacity for work – Challenge to decision of Administrative Appeals Tribunal – Tribunal found that claimant was fit for full-time work subject to certain specified restrictions – No finding as to whether such work was available to him – Whether Tribunal erred in law in omitting to make that finding – Steps to be taken by Tribunal where the available evidence was inadequate.

Safety Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 1988, ss 14 and 19

JOHN MARTIN v AUSTRALIAN POSTAL CORPORATION

N856 of 2000

WILCOX J
SYDNEY
17 NOVEMBER 2000


IN THE FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

NEW SOUTH WALES DISTRICT REGISTRY

N856 of 2000

BETWEEN:

JOHN MARTIN
Applicant

AND:

AUSTRALIAN POSTAL CORPORATION
Respondent

JUDGE:

WILCOX J

DATE OF ORDER:

17 NOVEMBER 2000

WHERE MADE:

SYDNEY

THE COURT ORDERS THAT:

1.That part of the decision of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal dated 13 July 2000, as is contained in the second paragraph thereof, commencing with the words “In substitution therefore” and ending with the words “amount of compensation” be set aside.

2.The matter be remitted to the Tribunal for further hearing, with such further evidence as may be provided or required, and determination according to law.

3.The respondent, Australian Postal Corporation, pay the costs of the applicant, John Martin.

Note:    Settlement and entry of orders is dealt with in Order 36 of the Federal Court Rules.


IN THE FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

NEW SOUTH WALES DISTRICT REGISTRY

N856 of 2000

BETWEEN:

JOHN MARTIN
Applicant

AND:

AUSTRALIAN POSTAL CORPORATION
Respondent

JUDGE:

WILCOX J

DATE:

17 NOVEMBER 2000

PLACE:

SYDNEY

REASONS FOR JUDGMENT

  1. WILCOX J: This is an appeal, under s44 of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal Act1975, against a decision of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (“the Tribunal”) in relation to a claim for compensation under s14 of the Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 1988.

    The facts

  2. The applicant, John Martin, was employed by the respondent, Australian Postal Corporation (“Australia Post”) as a mail delivery officer.  He suffered two separate accidents, in 1990 and 1991 respectively, while riding a motorcycle in the course of his employment.  On both occasions he suffered injuries to his right shoulder. 

  3. Mr Martin resigned from his employment with Australia Post on 12 November 1992; this being for reasons unconnected with the injuries sustained by him in the accidents. 

  4. Mr Martin then took a position with Panasonic as a driver.  He left that job on 25 June 1993, once again for reasons unconnected with his accidents while delivering mail.

  5. Late in 1993 Mr Martin suffered pain in his right shoulder.  This was diagnosed as arthritic pain stemming from damage to the shoulder sustained in the two motorcycle accidents.

  6. In the period since late 1993, Mr Martin has worked only intermittently.  His longest employment was with the Illawarra Health Service in 1997-98.  Mr Martin could do the work, which involved patient care, but he lost his job when there was no more work…

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Details
Case
[2000] FCA 1646
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

The second appeal in Martin v Australian Postal Corporation concerns the determination of Mr Martin's incapacity claim by the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT). Mr Martin contends that the Tribunal erred in its findings regarding his capacity to work and the period of total incapacity. The primary legal issue before the court was whether the Tribunal correctly interpreted the evidence and applied the relevant provisions of the Safety Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 1988 (Cth) in determining Mr Martin's capacity to work and the period of total incapacity.

The court examined the conflicting medical opinions presented by Professor Murrell and Dr Brooks, and the Tribunal's resolution of these differences. The Tribunal found that Mr Martin was fit to engage in full-time employment with certain restrictions, but did not seriously seek employment. The Tribunal also found total incapacity during the period of hospitalisation and recuperation in 1997. Mr Martin's counsel argued that the Tribunal's findings amounted to a finding of partial incapacity, citing two cases. The court considered the statutory definitions and the evidence presented, and found that the Tribunal had correctly interpreted the evidence and applied the law in making its findings.

The court concluded that the Tribunal had not erred in its findings regarding Mr Martin's capacity to work and the period of total incapacity. The court set aside part of the Tribunal's decision and remitted the matter to the Tribunal for further hearing and determination according to law. The court also ordered the respondent, Australian Postal Corporation, to pay the applicant's costs.

Orders

Orders of the court

1. That part of the decision of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal dated 13 July 2000, as is contained in the second paragraph thereof, commencing with the words “In substitution therefore” and ending with the words “amount of compensation” be set aside.

2. The matter be remitted to the Tribunal for further hearing, with such further evidence as may be provided or required, and determination according to law.

3. The respondent, Australian Postal Corporation, pay the costs of the applicant, John Martin.

Background

Background to the litigation

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Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

WILCOX J (dissent)
Mr Martin now brings this second appeal to the Court, contending that the Tribunal has again erred in law in relation to his incapacity claim.The Tribunal decision Section 14(1) of the Safety Rehabilitation and Compensation Act is as follows:“14(1) Subject to this Part, Comcare is liable to pay compensation in accordance with this Act in respect of an injury suffered by an employee if the injury results in death, incapacity for work, or impairment.”The word “injury” is defined in s4 of the Act. It is not necessary for me to set out that definition. At the rehearing of the matter before Senior Member Ettinger, there was some difference of opinion between Professor Murrell and Dr Brooks as to Mr Martin’s work capacity. The Senior Member resolved the conflict by making findings that lie between the views of the medical experts but, both counsel concede, were open to her on the whole of the evidence. The Senior Member said in para 102:“102. I accepted from the evidence of Dr Brooks and Professor Murrell that Mr Martin is fit to engage in full time employment, providing that the following restrictions apply:·Not riding a motorcycle;·Driving up to two hours at a time;·Sorting to up to two hours at a time;·Two to four hours of ‘plugging’ at a time;·Lifting no more than 15 kilograms;·No repetitive above-the-shoulder work.” The Senior Member found “Mr Martin did not seriously seek employment”. Senior Member Ettinger then found total incapacity in relation to the period of hospitalisation and recuperation in 1997 and announced the Tribunal’s decisions. The substantial decisions were as follows:“105. The Tribunal sets aside the decision of the Australian Postal Corporation dated 30 May 1996 which was affirmed by the Reconsideration Section of the Australian Postal Corporation dated 21 August 1996 to deny liability in respect of the Applicant’s claim for compensation for his right shoulder injury.106. In substitution therefor, the Tribunal finds that the Applicant was incapacitated for work due to a compensable injury for the period 23 June 1997 until 21 July 1997 whilst he was undergoing surgery and recuperation. The Tribunal remits the matter to the Respondent for calculation of the amount of compensation including medical expenses pursuant to section 16 of the SRC Act.”The applicant’s submissions Counsel for the applicant, Mr Ian Latham, argues the finding of the Senior Member concerning Mr Martin’s fitness to work, as set out in para 102 of her reasons, amounted to a finding of partial incapacity. In support of that submission, he cites two cases. The first one is Ball v William Hunt & Sons Limited [1912] AC 496. The appellant in that case had sustained an injury that caused him to lose the sight of his left eye. His eye was not removed. The appellant continued to work at his old trade, without loss of income, for a further 12 years until he suffered a second injury which necessitated removal of the eye. After removal of the eye, the appellant was as capable of working at his trade as before. However, he was now manifestly one-eyed and found it impossible to obtain employment.

Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

Established by:

Full text does not contain this section.