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Hatt v Magro

Hatt v Magro

Case [2007] WASCA 124 11 June 2007

Misleading and Deceptive Conduct

Accessorial Liability

Appeal

Competition Law

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HATT & ORS -v- MAGRO [2007] WASCA 124

Reported Decision:	(2007) 34 WAR 256
Jurisdiction:	SUPREME COURT OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA	Citation No:	[2007] WASCA 124
Court:	THE COURT OF APPEAL (WA)
Case No:	CACV:97/2005	Heard:	7 FEBRUARY 2007
Coram:	STEYTLER P WHEELER JA PULLIN JA	Delivered:	11/06/07
No of pages:	33	Judgment Part:	1 of 1
Result:	Appeal allowed
Category:	A
PDF Version

Parties:	DAVID HATT GERARD McNEILL ROSS KELLY STANLEY CHARLES MAGRO
Catchwords:	Appeal Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth) Misleading and deceptive conduct Conduct liable to mislead Representations as to future matters Misleading character of unfulfilled promises or predictions aside from operation of s 51A Accessorial liability Interaction between s 51A and s 75B No sufficient basis shown at trial for finding of liability
Legislation:	Fair Trading Act 1987 (WA), s 9, s 10, s 14, s 68, s 79 Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth), s 51A, s 52, s 53B, s 75B, s 82
Case References:	Adelaide Petroleum NL v Poseidon Ltd (1988) ATPR 40-901 Allied Pastoral Holdings Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation [1983] 1 NSWLR 1 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Global Prepaid Communications Pty Ltd [2003] FCA 1221 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Michigan Group Pty Ltd [2002] FCA 1439 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Universal Sports Challenge Ltd [2002] FCA 1276 Banque Commerciale SA (en liq) v Akhil Holdings Ltd (1990) 169 CLR 279 Bill Acceptance Corporation Ltd v GWA Ltd (1983) 78 FLR 171 Bowler v Hilda Pty Ltd (1998) 80 FCR 191 British Airways Board v Taylor [1976] 1 WLR 13 Collier v Electrum Acceptance Pty Ltd (1986) 66 ALR 613 Coulton v Holcombe (1986) 162 CLR 1 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Digi-Tech (Australia) Ltd v Brand (2004) ATPR 46-248 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 Famel Pty Ltd v Burswood Management Ltd (1989) ATPR 40-962 Futuretronics International Pty Ltd v Gadzhis [1990] 2 VR 217 Giorgianni v The Queen (1985) 156 CLR 473 Global Sportsman Pty Ltd v Mirror Newspapers Pty Ltd (1984) 2 FCR 82 Hamer v Westpac Banking Corporation (1987) 17 FCR 320 Holt v Biroka Pty Ltd (1988) 13 NSWLR 629 James v ANZ Banking Group Ltd (1986) 64 ALR 347 Johnson v Eastern Micro Electronics Pty Ltd (1986) 70 ALR 339 King v GIO Australia Holdings Ltd (2001) 184 ALR 98 King v GIO Australia Holdings Ltd [2001] FCA 308; (2001) 184 ALR 98 Milchas Investments v Larkin (1989) 96 FLR 464 Pereira v Director of Public Prosecutions (1988) 63 ALJR 1 Phoenix Court Pty Ltd v Melbourne Central Pty Ltd (1997) ATPR (Digest) 46-179 Precision Plastics Pty Ltd v Demir (1975) 132 CLR 362 Quinlivan v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2004] FCAFC 175; (2004) ATPR 42-010 R v Sunair Holidays Ltd [1973] 1 WLR 1105 Ritter v North Side Enterprises Pty Ltd (1975) 132 CLR 301 Rousselis v Aizeema (Australia) Pty Ltd (1994) ATPR (Digest) 46-116 Stack v Coast Securities No…

Grounds of appeal

[14] The appellant contends that the primary judge erred in finding that the respondent had discharged the onus of establishing the matters required under the relevant provision.

[15] It was submitted that his Honour failed to give adequate weight to the evidence of the second witness, and that the findings of fact were not reasonably open on the material before the Court.

[16] The respondent, for its part, submits that no error is disclosed, and that the conclusions reached were well within the range of outcomes available to the primary judge.

Consideration

[17] It is convenient to deal first with the question of construction, as the resolution of that issue informs the remaining grounds advanced by the appellant.

[18] For the reasons that follow, we are of the view that the appeal should be allowed in part and the matter remitted for further determination.

Continue reading Hatt v Magro

Details

AGLC: Hatt v Magro [2007] WASCA 124
Case: [2007] WASCA 124
Decision Date: 11 JUNE 2007

CaseChat Overview and Summary

In the case of Hatt v Magro, the plaintiff, Mr. Hatt, brought a claim against Mr. Magro under the Trade Practices Act 1974 for misleading and deceptive conduct. The central dispute concerned representations made by Mr. Magro regarding future events or conditions that were unfulfilled, which the plaintiff argued were misleading and deceptive. The case was heard in the Federal Court of Australia.

The primary legal issues the court had to address were whether Mr. Magro's conduct constituted misleading or deceptive conduct under the Trade Practices Act, and if so, whether the conduct was liable to mislead in a manner that was misleading as to future matters. Additionally, the court needed to determine if there was sufficient evidence to establish accessorial liability under section 51A of the Act, and how this interacted with the requirements under section 75B. The court also had to assess whether there was adequate basis at the trial level for the finding of liability.

The court found that the plaintiff had not demonstrated a sufficient basis for the trial court's finding of misleading or deceptive conduct. The representations in question were considered to be mere predictions or promises, which, in the absence of specific statutory provisions such as section 51A, did not constitute misleading or deceptive conduct. Furthermore, the court concluded that there was no evidence to support accessorial liability, as the interaction between sections 51A and 75B required a more concrete link to the misleading conduct than was presented in the case. As a result, the appeal was allowed, and the previous findings of liability were overturned.

The final orders of the court were to allow the appeal and to set aside the findings of liability against Mr. Magro, thereby relieving him of the obligations and penalties previously imposed.

Orders

Orders of the court

Appeal allowed

Background

Background to the litigation

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Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

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Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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Citations

Hatt v Magro [2007] WASCA 124

Most Recent Citation

Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Australian Property Custodian Holdings Limited (Receivers and Managers appointed) (in liquidation) (Controllers appointed) (No 3) [2013] FCA 1342

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…approval to the decision of the Full Court of the Federal Court in Quinlivan v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission .[99] [97] Hatt v Magro [2007] WASCA 124; (2007) 34 WAR 256. [98] [39] - [42]; [46]; [48]. Wheeler JA & Pullin JA agreeing at [63] and [65], respectively. [99] Quinlivan v Australian Competi…
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Citation 3 (Para 1)

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Citation 4 (Para 23)

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Citation 8 (Para 5)

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Citation 9

…; [1954] HCA 44, cited Fox v Percy (2003) 214 CLR 118; [2003] HCA 22, cited Hatt v Magro (2007) 34 WAR 256; [2007] WASCA 124, cited HIH Casualty and General Insurance Ltd v Chase Manhattan Bank [2003] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 61; [2003] UKHL 6, cited King v GIO Australia Holdings Ltd (2001) 184 ALR 98; [2001] FCA 308, cited P…
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Citation 12 (Para 2)

…s to be pleaded (and subsequently proved for the action to be successful).[52] [52] Hatt and Ors v Magro (2007) 34 WAR 256 at 271-272 per Steytler P; [2007] WASCA 124 at paras.39 and 42 per Steytler P.…
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…SCA 60 Grant v Australian Knitting Mills Ltd [1936] AC 85 Gunston v Lawley [2008] VSC 97 Hamilton v Whitehead (1988) 166 CLR 121 Hatt & Ors v Magro [2007] WASCA 124 Hedley Byrne & Co Ltd v Heller and Partners Ltd [1964] AC 465 Henjo Investments Pty Ltd v Collins Marrickville Pty Ltd (No 1) (1988) 79 ALR 83 Henjo In…
Pigdon v Read [2008] WASC 218
Citation 14 (Para 3)

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…60 CLR 1 Gebauer Nominees Pty Ltd v Cole [No 2] [2008] WASCA 41 Gould v Vaggelas (1985) 157 CLR 215 Grincelis v House (2000) 201 CLR 321 Hatt v Magro [2007] WASCA 124; (2007) 34 WAR 256 Henville v Walker [2001] HCA 52; (2001) 206 CLR 459 Houghton v Arms (2006) 225 CLR 553 Humphries v The Queen (1987) 73 ALR 31 Krak…
Corporate Systems Publishing Pty Ltd v Lingard [No 4] [2008] WASC 21
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…07) 81 ALJR 1107 Foran v Wight (1989) 168 CLR 385 Hancock Family Memorial Foundation Ltd v Porteous [1999] WASC 55; (1999) 151 FLR 191 Hatt v Magro [2007] WASCA 124; (2007) 34 WAR 255 Home Building Society Ltd v Pourzand [2005] WASCA 242 International Air Transport Association v Ansett Australia Holdings Ltd [2008]…
Magro v Fremantle Football Club Limited [2005] WASC 163
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…[2007] WASCA 124…
High Court Bulletin [2007] HCAB 10
Citation 18

…Magro v Hatt & Ors [2007] WASCA 124 (P30/2007)…

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Cases Cited

Magro v Fremantle Football Club Limited [2005] WASC 163
Citation 1

…Citation : MAGRO -v- FREMANTLE FOOTBALL CLUB LTD & ORS [2005] WASC 163…
Quinlivan v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2004] FCAFC 175
Citation 2

…Pty Ltd (1997) ATPR (Digest) 46-179 Precision Plastics Pty Ltd v Demir (1975) 132 CLR 362 Quinlivan v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2004] FCAFC 175; (2004) ATPR 42-010 R v Sunair Holidays Ltd [1973] 1 WLR 1105 Ritter v North Side Enterprises Pty Ltd (1975) 132 CLR 301 Rousselis v Aizeema (Austral…
Digi-Tech (Australia) Ltd v Brand [2004] NSWCA 58
Citation 3

…Electrum Acceptance Pty Ltd (1986) 66 ALR 613 Coulton v Holcombe (1986) 162 CLR 1 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Digi-Tech (Australia) Ltd v Brand (2004) ATPR 46-248 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 Famel Pty Ltd v Burswood Management Ltd (1989) ATPR 40-962 Futuretronics International Pty Ltd v Gadzh…
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Global Prepaid Communications Pty Ltd [2003] FCA 1221
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…l Holdings Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation [1983] 1 NSWLR 1 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Global Prepaid Communications Pty Ltd [2003] FCA 1221 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Michigan Group Pty Ltd [2002] FCA 1439 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Universal Sp…
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Michigan Group Pty Ltd [2002] FCA 1439
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…d Consumer Commission v Global Prepaid Communications Pty Ltd [2003] FCA 1221 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Michigan Group Pty Ltd [2002] FCA 1439 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Universal Sports Challenge Ltd [2002] FCA 1276 Banque Commerciale SA (en liq) v Akhil Holdings Ltd (…
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Universal Sports Challenge Ltd [2002] FCA 1276
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…tion and Consumer Commission v Michigan Group Pty Ltd [2002] FCA 1439 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Universal Sports Challenge Ltd [2002] FCA 1276 Banque Commerciale SA (en liq) v Akhil Holdings Ltd (1990) 169 CLR 279 Bill Acceptance Corporation Ltd v GWA Ltd (1983) 78 FLR 171 Bowler v Hilda Pty…
King v GIO Australia Holdings Ltd [2001] FCA 1773
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…lt v Biroka Pty Ltd (1988) 13 NSWLR 629 James v ANZ Banking Group Ltd (1986) 64 ALR 347 Johnson v Eastern Micro Electronics Pty Ltd (1986) 70 ALR 339 King v GIO Australia Holdings Ltd (2001) 184 ALR 98 King v GIO Australia Holdings Ltd [2001] FCA 308; (2001) 184 ALR 98 Milchas Investments v Larkin (1989) 96 FLR 464 Pereira v Director of P…
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Citation 8

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Bowler v Hilda Pty Ltd [2001] FCA 342
Citation 9

…ue Commerciale SA (en liq) v Akhil Holdings Ltd (1990) 169 CLR 279 Bill Acceptance Corporation Ltd v GWA Ltd (1983) 78 FLR 171 Bowler v Hilda Pty Ltd (1998) 80 FCR 191 British Airways Board v Taylor [1976] 1 WLR 13 Collier v Electrum Acceptance Pty Ltd (1986) 66 ALR 613 Coulton v Holcombe (1986) 162 CLR 1 Dare v Pul…
Bowler v Hilda Pty Ltd [1998] FCA 210
Citation 10

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Phoenix Court Pty Ltd v Melbourne Central Pty Ltd [1997] FCA 1101
Citation 11

…dings Ltd [2001] FCA 308; (2001) 184 ALR 98 Milchas Investments v Larkin (1989) 96 FLR 464 Pereira v Director of Public Prosecutions (1988) 63 ALJR 1 Phoenix Court Pty Ltd v Melbourne Central Pty Ltd (1997) ATPR (Digest) 46-179 Precision Plastics Pty Ltd v Demir (1975) 132 CLR 362 Quinlivan v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2004] FCAFC 17…
Ting v Blanche [1995] FCA 781
Citation 12

…R (Digest) 46-116 Stack v Coast Securities No 9 Pty Ltd (1983) 46 ALR 451 Thompson v Mastertouch TV Services Pty Ltd (1977) 15 ALR 487 Ting v Blanche (1993) 118 ALR 543 Wheeler Grace & Pierucci Pty Ltd v Wright (1989) ATPR 40-940 Wright v TNT Management Pty Ltd (1989) 15 NSWLR 679 Yorke v Lucas (1985) 158 CLR 661…
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Citation 13

…International Pty Ltd v Gadzhis [1992] 2 VR 217 at 240 per Ormiston J (Vic SC); Heidelberg Graphics Equipment Ltd v Andrew Knox & Associates Pty Ltd (1994) ATPR 41-326 at 42,234 per O'Loughlin J (Fed CT)) appear, with respect, to be at odds with the express words of the provision ( cf Lake Koala Pty Ltd v Walker…
Adelaide Petroleum NL v Poseidon Ltd [1990] FCA 576
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…Adelaide Petroleum NL v Poseidon Ltd (1988) ATPR 40-901 Allied Pastoral Holdings Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation [1983] 1 NSWLR 1 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Global Prepaid Communications Pty Ltd [2003] FCA 1221 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Michigan Group Pty Ltd [2002] FCA 1439 Australian Competit…
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Citation 15

…9 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Universal Sports Challenge Ltd [2002] FCA 1276 Banque Commerciale SA (en liq) v Akhil Holdings Ltd (1990) 169 CLR 279 Bill Acceptance Corporation Ltd v GWA Ltd (1983) 78 FLR 171 Bowler v Hilda Pty Ltd (1998) 80 FCR 191 British Airways Board v Taylor [1976] 1 WLR 13 C…
Equity Access Ltd v Westpac Banking Corporation [1989] FCA 520
Citation 16

…) 148 CLR 658 Digi-Tech (Australia) Ltd v Brand (2004) ATPR 46-248 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 Famel Pty Ltd v Burswood Management Ltd (1989) ATPR 40-962 Futuretronics International Pty Ltd v Gadzhis [1990] 2 VR 217 Giorgianni v The Queen (1985) 156 CLR 473 Global Sportsman Pty Ltd v Mirror Newspap…
Wright v TNT Management Services Pty Limited [1989] HCATrans 161
Citation 17

…Ltd (1977) 15 ALR 487 Ting v Blanche (1993) 118 ALR 543 Wheeler Grace & Pierucci Pty Ltd v Wright (1989) ATPR 40-940 Wright v TNT Management Pty Ltd (1989) 15 NSWLR 679 Yorke v Lucas (1985) 158 CLR 661…
Famel Pty Ltd v Burswood Management Ltd [1989] FCA 284
Citation 18

…mbe (1986) 162 CLR 1 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Digi-Tech (Australia) Ltd v Brand (2004) ATPR 46-248 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 Famel Pty Ltd v Burswood Management Ltd (1989) ATPR 40-962 Futuretronics International Pty Ltd v Gadzhis [1990] 2 VR 217 Giorgianni v The Queen (1985) 156 CLR 473 Global Sportsman Pty Ltd v Mirror…
Pereira v Director of Public Prosecutions [1988] HCA 57
Citation 19

…GIO Australia Holdings Ltd [2001] FCA 308; (2001) 184 ALR 98 Milchas Investments v Larkin (1989) 96 FLR 464 Pereira v Director of Public Prosecutions (1988) 63 ALJR 1 Phoenix Court Pty Ltd v Melbourne Central Pty Ltd (1997) ATPR (Digest) 46-179 Precision Plastics Pty Ltd v Demir (1975) 132 CLR 362 Quinlivan v Austr…
Hawkins v Clayton [1988] HCA 15
Citation 20

…473 Global Sportsman Pty Ltd v Mirror Newspapers Pty Ltd (1984) 2 FCR 82 Hamer v Westpac Banking Corporation (1987) 17 FCR 320 Holt v Biroka Pty Ltd (1988) 13 NSWLR 629 James v ANZ Banking Group Ltd (1986) 64 ALR 347 Johnson v Eastern Micro Electronics Pty Ltd (1986) 70 ALR 339 King v GIO Australia Holdings Ltd (2001…
Coulton v Holcombe [1986] HCA 33
Citation 21

…a Pty Ltd (1998) 80 FCR 191 British Airways Board v Taylor [1976] 1 WLR 13 Collier v Electrum Acceptance Pty Ltd (1986) 66 ALR 613 Coulton v Holcombe (1986) 162 CLR 1 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Digi-Tech (Australia) Ltd v Brand (2004) ATPR 46-248 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 Famel Pty Ltd v Burs…
Collier v Electrum Acceptance Pty Ltd [1986] FCA 180
Citation 22

…A Ltd (1983) 78 FLR 171 Bowler v Hilda Pty Ltd (1998) 80 FCR 191 British Airways Board v Taylor [1976] 1 WLR 13 Collier v Electrum Acceptance Pty Ltd (1986) 66 ALR 613 Coulton v Holcombe (1986) 162 CLR 1 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Digi-Tech (Australia) Ltd v Brand (2004) ATPR 46-248 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (18…
Norbis v Norbis [1986] HCA 17
Citation 23

…13 Collier v Electrum Acceptance Pty Ltd (1986) 66 ALR 613 Coulton v Holcombe (1986) 162 CLR 1 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Digi-Tech (Australia) Ltd v Brand (2004) ATPR 46-248 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 Famel Pty Ltd v Burswood Management Ltd (1989) ATPR 40-962 Futuretronics International Pty Ltd…
James v ANZ Banking Group Ltd [1986] FCA 50
Citation 24

…n Pty Ltd v Mirror Newspapers Pty Ltd (1984) 2 FCR 82 Hamer v Westpac Banking Corporation (1987) 17 FCR 320 Holt v Biroka Pty Ltd (1988) 13 NSWLR 629 James v ANZ Banking Group Ltd (1986) 64 ALR 347 Johnson v Eastern Micro Electronics Pty Ltd (1986) 70 ALR 339 King v GIO Australia Holdings Ltd (2001) 184 ALR 98 King v GIO Australia Hol…
Yorke v Lucas [1985] HCA 65
Citation 25

…che (1993) 118 ALR 543 Wheeler Grace & Pierucci Pty Ltd v Wright (1989) ATPR 40-940 Wright v TNT Management Pty Ltd (1989) 15 NSWLR 679 Yorke v Lucas (1985) 158 CLR 661…
Giorgianni v the Queen [1985] HCA 29
Citation 26

…D 459 Famel Pty Ltd v Burswood Management Ltd (1989) ATPR 40-962 Futuretronics International Pty Ltd v Gadzhis [1990] 2 VR 217 Giorgianni v The Queen (1985) 156 CLR 473 Global Sportsman Pty Ltd v Mirror Newspapers Pty Ltd (1984) 2 FCR 82 Hamer v Westpac Banking Corporation (1987) 17 FCR 320 Holt v Biroka Pty Ltd (198…
Global Sportsman Pty Ltd v Mirror Newspapers Pty Ltd [1984] FCA 167
Citation 27

…ronics International Pty Ltd v Gadzhis [1990] 2 VR 217 Giorgianni v The Queen (1985) 156 CLR 473 Global Sportsman Pty Ltd v Mirror Newspapers Pty Ltd (1984) 2 FCR 82 Hamer v Westpac Banking Corporation (1987) 17 FCR 320 Holt v Biroka Pty Ltd (1988) 13 NSWLR 629 James v ANZ Banking Group Ltd (1986) 64 ALR 347 Johns…
Tiplady v Gold Coast Carlton Pty Ltd [1984] FCA 152
Citation 28

…"As Fitzgerald J has pointed out in a slightly different context, in Tiplady v Gold Coast Carlton Pty Ltd (1984) 3 FCR 426 at 458, the offending conduct [for the purposes of s 52] may spread over a period of time … So too in the case of promissory statements, it is arguable that the necessary conduct can consist of…
Bill Acceptance Corporation Ltd v GWA Ltd [1983] FCA 280
Citation 29

…Sports Challenge Ltd [2002] FCA 1276 Banque Commerciale SA (en liq) v Akhil Holdings Ltd (1990) 169 CLR 279 Bill Acceptance Corporation Ltd v GWA Ltd (1983) 78 FLR 171 Bowler v Hilda Pty Ltd (1998) 80 FCR 191 British Airways Board v Taylor [1976] 1 WLR 13 Collier v Electrum Acceptance Pty Ltd (1986) 66 ALR 613 Coult…
Dare v Pulham [1982] HCA 70
Citation 30

…tish Airways Board v Taylor [1976] 1 WLR 13 Collier v Electrum Acceptance Pty Ltd (1986) 66 ALR 613 Coulton v Holcombe (1986) 162 CLR 1 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Digi-Tech (Australia) Ltd v Brand (2004) ATPR 46-248 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 Famel Pty Ltd v Burswood Management Ltd (1989) ATPR 4…
Parkdale Custom Built Furniture Pty Ltd v Puxu Pty Ltd [1982] HCA 44
Citation 31

…mise and its subsequent breach. It will be recorded that the High Court, in the Hornsby Building Centre case (1978) 140 CLR 216 and Parkdale v Puxu (1982) 149 CLR 191 … had said that a contravention of s 52 is constituted by conduct which reasonably leads the applicant into error. If the respondent makes a contractua…
Thompson v Mastertouch TV Service Pty Ltd (No 3) [1978] FCA 44
Citation 32

…ma (Australia) Pty Ltd (1994) ATPR (Digest) 46-116 Stack v Coast Securities No 9 Pty Ltd (1983) 46 ALR 451 Thompson v Mastertouch TV Services Pty Ltd (1977) 15 ALR 487 Ting v Blanche (1993) 118 ALR 543 Wheeler Grace & Pierucci Pty Ltd v Wright (1989) ATPR 40-940 Wright v TNT Management Pty Ltd (1989) 15 NSWLR 679 Yo…
Hornsby Building Information Centre Pty Ltd v Sydney Building Information Centre Ltd [1978] HCA 11
Citation 33

…uct can consist of both the initial promise and its subsequent breach. It will be recorded that the High Court, in the Hornsby Building Centre case (1978) 140 CLR 216 and Parkdale v Puxu (1982) 149 CLR 191 … had said that a contravention of s 52 is constituted by conduct which reasonably leads the applicant into erro…
Precision Plastics Pty Ltd v Demir [1975] HCA 27
Citation 34

…Public Prosecutions (1988) 63 ALJR 1 Phoenix Court Pty Ltd v Melbourne Central Pty Ltd (1997) ATPR (Digest) 46-179 Precision Plastics Pty Ltd v Demir (1975) 132 CLR 362 Quinlivan v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2004] FCAFC 175; (2004) ATPR 42-010 R v Sunair Holidays Ltd [1973] 1 WLR 1105 Ritter v No…
Ritter v North Side Enterprises Pty Ltd [1975] HCA 18
Citation 35

…tition and Consumer Commission [2004] FCAFC 175; (2004) ATPR 42-010 R v Sunair Holidays Ltd [1973] 1 WLR 1105 Ritter v North Side Enterprises Pty Ltd (1975) 132 CLR 301 Rousselis v Aizeema (Australia) Pty Ltd (1994) ATPR (Digest) 46-116 Stack v Coast Securities No 9 Pty Ltd (1983) 46 ALR 451 Thompson v Mastertouch TV…
Stack v Coast Securities (No 9) Pty Ltd [1983] HCA 36
Citation 36

…Side Enterprises Pty Ltd (1975) 132 CLR 301 Rousselis v Aizeema (Australia) Pty Ltd (1994) ATPR (Digest) 46-116 Stack v Coast Securities No 9 Pty Ltd (1983) 46 ALR 451 Thompson v Mastertouch TV Services Pty Ltd (1977) 15 ALR 487 Ting v Blanche (1993) 118 ALR 543 Wheeler Grace & Pierucci Pty Ltd v Wright (1989) ATPR…
Trade Practices Act, in Wright v Wheeler Grace & Pierucci Pty Ltd [1988] FCA 129
Citation 37

…Adelaide Petroleum NL v Poseidon Ltd (1988) ATPR 40-901 Allied Pastoral Holdings Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation [1983] 1 NSWLR 1 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Global Prepaid Communications Pty Ltd [2003] FCA 1221 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Michigan Group Pty Ltd [2002]…
Wheeler Grace & Pierucci Pty Ltd v Wright [1989] FCA 127
Citation 38

…tack v Coast Securities No 9 Pty Ltd (1983) 46 ALR 451 Thompson v Mastertouch TV Services Pty Ltd (1977) 15 ALR 487 Ting v Blanche (1993) 118 ALR 543 Wheeler Grace & Pierucci Pty Ltd v Wright (1989) ATPR 40-940 Wright v TNT Management Pty Ltd (1989) 15 NSWLR 679 Yorke v Lucas (1985) 158 CLR 661…
Ting v Blanche [1993] FCA 781
Citation 39

…Ltd (1994) ATPR (Digest) 46-116 Stack v Coast Securities No 9 Pty Ltd (1983) 46 ALR 451 Thompson v Mastertouch TV Services Pty Ltd (1977) 15 ALR 487 Ting v Blanche (1993) 118 ALR 543 Wheeler Grace & Pierucci Pty Ltd v Wright (1989) ATPR 40-940 Wright v TNT Management Pty Ltd (1989) 15 NSWLR 679 Yorke v Lucas (1985) 158…
Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 ChD 459
Citation 40

…e Pty Ltd (1986) 66 ALR 613 Coulton v Holcombe (1986) 162 CLR 1 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Digi-Tech (Australia) Ltd v Brand (2004) ATPR 46-248 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 Famel Pty Ltd v Burswood Management Ltd (1989) ATPR 40-962 Futuretronics International Pty Ltd v Gadzhis [1990] 2 VR 217 Giorgianni v The…
[1976] 1 WLR 13 [1976] 1 WLR 13
Citation 41

…1990) 169 CLR 279 Bill Acceptance Corporation Ltd v GWA Ltd (1983) 78 FLR 171 Bowler v Hilda Pty Ltd (1998) 80 FCR 191 British Airways Board v Taylor [1976] 1 WLR 13 Collier v Electrum Acceptance Pty Ltd (1986) 66 ALR 613 Coulton v Holcombe (1986) 162 CLR 1 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Digi-Tech (Australia) Lt…
[1973] 1 WLR 1105 [1973] 1 WLR 1105
Citation 42

…td v Demir (1975) 132 CLR 362 Quinlivan v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2004] FCAFC 175; (2004) ATPR 42-010 R v Sunair Holidays Ltd [1973] 1 WLR 1105 Ritter v North Side Enterprises Pty Ltd (1975) 132 CLR 301 Rousselis v Aizeema (Australia) Pty Ltd (1994) ATPR (Digest) 46-116 Stack v Coast Securiti…

Legislation Cited

Fair Trading Act 1987 (WA) 9
2 mentions
Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth) 51A
2 mentions
Hedger v Kiel
1 mention
Trade Descriptions Act 1968 c.29
1 mention
Trade Practices Act 1974 - Consumer Protection Notice No. 10 of 2008 - Consumer Product Safety Standard: Trolley Jacks (Cth)
1 mention