Flegg v Hallett

Case [2015] QSC 167


SUPREME COURT OF QUEENSLAND

CITATION:

Flegg v Hallett [2015] QSC 167

PARTIES:

BRUCE STEPHEN FLEGG

(plaintiff)

v
GRAEME NORMAN HALLETT

(defendant)

FILE NO/S:

No 11629 of 2012

DIVISION:

Trial Division

PROCEEDING:

Trial

ORIGINATING COURT:

Supreme Court at Brisbane

DELIVERED ON:

18 June 2015

DELIVERED AT:

Brisbane

HEARING DATE:

15, 16, 17, 20, and 22 October, 20, 25, and 26 November 2015

JUDGE:

Peter Lyons J

ORDER:

1.   General damages are assessed at $275,000.

2.   Special damages are assessed at $500,000.

CATCHWORDS:

DEFAMATION – STATEMENTS AMOUNTING TO DEFAMATION – PARTICULAR STATEMENTS – IMPUTATION – where the plaintiff was a government Minister and the defendant was his media adviser – where the plaintiff’s son was a registered lobbyist under the Integrity Act –  where the defendant made a conference announcement and later received a concerns notice which referred to s 14 of the Defamation Act – where, at a media conference and during a later radio interview on 13 November 2012, the defendant stated, amongst other things, that he had lost trust in the plaintiff, that the plaintiff had tabled an inaccurate lobbyists’ register, and had opened himself to a charge of misleading a Parliamentary Committee – whether the defendant’s statements at the media conference and the radio interview were capable of conveying, and did convey, to an ordinary reasonable audience member that the plaintiff committed a serious offence of misleading a Parliamentary Committee; was aware that the lobbyists’ register was inaccurate when tabled; refused to correct the Committee’s record; was lobbied by his son in breach of his son’s employment contract; should be dismissed as a Minister; and, that the lobbyists’ register was grossly inaccurate, untrue, incorrect and had been doctored

DEFAMATION – STATEMENTS AMOUNTING TO DEFAMATION – IN GENERAL –  where the plaintiff was a government Minister and the defendant was his media adviser – where the plaintiff’s son was a registered lobbyist under the Integrity Act – where, at a media conference and, during a later radio interview on 13 November 2012, the defendant conveyed that the plaintiff tabled a grossly inaccurate and doctored lobbyists’ register at a Parliamentary Committee meeting, and at the media conference, also conveyed that the plaintiff was aware that document was wrong – whether the defendant’s statements were defamatory

DEFAMATION – PRIVILEGE – QUALIFIED PRIVILEGE – IN GENERAL – where the plaintiff was a government Minister and the defendant was his media adviser – where the plaintiff’s son was a registered lobbyist under the Integrity Act – where the plaintiff informed the defendant on 12 November 2012 that the defendant would not continue in his position as the plaintiff’s media adviser –  where the defendant attempted to bargain with the Director of Government Media for redeployment within Government in exchange for not holding the media conference – where the defendant then made a conference announcement which included a statement that the plaintiff had dismissed him and so he was going to publicly disclose that the plaintiff was not a fit and proper person to…

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AGLC
Flegg v Hallett [2015] QSC 167
Case
[2015] QSC 167
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

The plaintiff, a government Minister, sued the defendant, his former media adviser, for defamation, claiming the defendant's statements during a media conference and a radio interview on 13 November 2012 defamed him. The defendant's statements included that the plaintiff had lost the defendant's trust, tabled an inaccurate lobbyists' register, and had opened himself to a charge of misleading a Parliamentary Committee. The court had to determine if these statements were capable of conveying, and did convey, to an ordinary reasonable audience member that the plaintiff committed serious offences, was aware that the lobbyists' register was inaccurate, refused to correct the Committee's record, was lobbied by his son in breach of his son's employment contract, should be dismissed as a Minister, and that the lobbyists' register was grossly inaccurate and had been doctored. Additionally, the court had to decide if the defendant's statements were defamatory, whether the defendant's publications were made reasonably, whether the defendant had reasonable grounds for believing the imputations were true, and whether the defendant was actuated by malice in making the publications.

The court found that the defendant's statements were defamatory. They conveyed that the plaintiff had committed a serious offence of misleading a Parliamentary Committee; was aware that the lobbyists' register was inaccurate when tabled; refused to correct the Committee’s record; was lobbied by his son in breach of his son's employment contract; should be dismissed as a Minister; and, that the lobbyists' register was grossly inaccurate, untrue, incorrect, and had been doctored. The court determined that the defendant's publications were not made reasonably. The defendant had not made proper enquiries as to the accuracy of the statements, and his publications were actuated by malice, as evidenced by his conduct before and during the trial. The defendant's conduct was lacking in bona fides and was improper or unjustifiable.

The court assessed general damages at $275,000 for the three publications taken together. The defendant's malice was known to the plaintiff and aggravated the harm sustained. The court also assessed special damages at $500,000, taking into account the uncertainties of political life and allowing for contingencies. The court concluded that the plaintiff's resignation was caused by the defamatory publications.

ORDERS:
1. General damages are assessed at $275,000.
2. Special damages are assessed at $500,000.

Orders

Orders of the court

1. General damages are assessed at $275,000.

2. Special damages are assessed at $500,000.

Background

Background to the litigation

On 12 November 2012 the defendant announced to journalists that he would be holding a media conference (conference announcement). He held the conference the following day; and on the same day participated in a radio interview. The plaintiff has sued the defendant, alleging that on each of these occasions the defendant defamed him. In his Defence, the defendant has alleged that he has a defence of privilege at common law, each publication relating to government or political matters, in respect of which members of the Australian community have an interest, and the making of each publication by the defendant being reasonable. He has also relied on s 30 of the Defamation Act 2005 (Qld) (the Act).Background For most of his adult life, the plaintiff has been a medical practitioner. He has been interested in politics for some time. In 2004 he was elected to the Parliament of Queensland for the electoral district of Moggill. Over the following years, he was a member of a number of Parliamentary committees. He was the Deputy Leader of the Parliamentary Liberal Party, and its spokesperson for health, transport and main roads and the environment, from 17 February 2004. Thereafter, he was shadow Minister for a number of departments. He became the leader of the Parliamentary Liberal Party on 7 August 2006, for a period of about 16 months. As a result of the election held on 24 March 2012, the Liberal National Party formed a government, with the plaintiff being appointed as Minister for Housing and Public Works on about 3 April 2012. In his earlier years the defendant worked as school teacher, and subsequently as a journalist. In about 1994 he commenced work as a media adviser and an electorate officer for a Liberal Party Senator for New South Wales. He worked in similar positions for a number of years. In 2006, he came to Queensland to assist with the Liberal Party election campaign. He then met the plaintiff, who provided him with accommodation in his home. He again stayed at the plaintiff’s home when he came to assist in the Liberal Party campaign for the 2007 Federal election. Prior to the 2012 election, the defendant contacted the plaintiff, expressing interest in a position as a media adviser should the Liberal National Party be successful, and offering assistance in the election campaign. When the defendant came to Queensland to provide that assistance, he again stayed at the plaintiff’s home. On about 3 April 2012, he commenced to act in the position of the plaintiff’s media adviser. The plaintiff’s son, Johnathon (Mr Flegg), holds Masters Degrees in public administration and public policy and has worked as a government adviser. In September 2011, he took up a position with a public relations consultancy, referred to as Rowland. He was registered as a lobbyist under the provisions of the Integrity Act 2009 (Qld). During the period of the plaintiff’s ministry, a document referred to as a lobbyists’ register was maintained by a member of the plaintiff’s staff. It recorded details relating to contacts between people referred to as “Ministerial Officers”, and registered lobbyists, identified by the name of the relevant company; though on occasion the name of the person who represented the lobbyist company also was recorded in the entry.

Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

I also accept that the uncertainties of political life justify a greater allowance for contingencies that might otherwise be the case. Accordingly, I assess special damages at $500,000. Conclusion I find that on each of the three occasions referred to in the Statement of Claim, the defendant defamed the plaintiff. For the three publications taken together, I assess general damages at $275,000, and special damages at $500,000.

Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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