Cripps v Vakras

Case [2012] VSC 400


IN THE SUPREME COURT OF VICTORIA Not Restricted

AT MELBOURNE

COMMON LAW DIVISION

MAJOR TORTS LIST

No. 1484 of 2011

ROBERT RAYMOND CRIPPS
REDLEG MUSEUM SERVICES PTY LTD
Plaintiffs
v
DEMETRIOS VAKRAS
LEE-ANNE RAYMOND
Defendants

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JUDGE:

BEACH J

WHERE HELD:

Melbourne

DATE OF HEARING:

6 September 2012

DATE OF JUDGMENT:

7 September 2012

CASE MAY BE CITED AS:

Cripps & Anor v Vakras & Anor

MEDIUM NEUTRAL CITATION:

[2012] VSC 400

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DEFAMATION – Practice and procedure – Pleadings – Defence – Ambit of publication – Polly Peck imputations – Permissible variants - Qualified privilege – Extent of publication – Whether internet publications are necessarily to the world at large – Mass media publications distinguished - Particulars.

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APPEARANCES:

Counsel Solicitors
For the Plaintiffs Mr C. Dibb Tao Jiang Lawyers
For the Defendants Mr D.P. Gilbertson Media Arts Lawyers

HIS HONOUR:

Introduction

  1. In this proceeding, Robert Raymond Cripps and Redleg Museum Services Pty Ltd claim damages for defamation from Dimitrios Vakras and Lee-Anne Raymond.  The proceeding relates to the publication of three articles which are alleged to be available to be downloaded from the internet.  The articles are described by the parties as “the first Vakras article”, “the second Vakras article” and “the Raymond article”.

  1. This proceeding was commenced on 1 April 2011.  Subsequently, there have been a number of amendments made to the plaintiffs’ statement of claim and the defendants’ defences.  The current pleadings consist of the plaintiffs’ further amended statement of claim dated 22 May 2012, the first defendant’s further amended defence dated 15 June 2012 and the second defendant’s further amended defence dated 15 June 2012.  Additionally, there have been a number of directions hearings.  There has been discovery and interrogation, and a mediation was conducted in March this year.

  1. Notwithstanding these matters, and the fact that this proceeding is designated for trial by judge alone, the plaintiffs now wish to make complaint about parts of the defendants’ defences.  Further, the plaintiffs seek orders for particulars of certain paragraphs of the defendants’ defences, and leave to administer additional interrogatories to the first defendant on the issue of publication of the second Vakras article.  Specifically, the plaintiffs seek the following orders:[1]

    [1]Plaintiffs’ summons filed 26 July 2012.

“1.An order that the words ‘…together with the hyperlinks referred to in the words, all of which the defendants will rely upon at trial’ be struck out from paragraph 5 of the Further Amended Defence of the First Defendant;

2.An order that paragraphs 8A(a), 8A(c), 8D, 8F, 9D and 12B be struck out from the Further Amended Defence of the First Defendant.

3.An order that the particulars of justification at 8A(4) (page 8) be struck out of the Further Amended Defence of the First Defendant;

4.An order that the defence of justification to paragraph 8(d) of the Further Amended Statement of Claim be struck out from the Further Amended Defence of the First Defendant;

5.An order that paragraphs 16A(f), 16D and 17D be struck out from the Further Amended Defence…

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Cripps v Vakras [2012] VSC 400
Case
[2012] VSC 400
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

The matter of Cripps v Vakras was heard in the Federal Court of Australia, where the plaintiffs brought an action against the defendants for defamation. The plaintiffs alleged that the defendants published defamatory material about them on various internet platforms. The defendants, in turn, raised several defences, including qualified privilege and the scope of the publication. The court was required to address the scope of the publication, permissible variants of the Polly Peck imputations, and the applicability of qualified privilege. The plaintiffs sought particulars of the defamatory imputations and the extent of the publication.

The court found that the defendants were required to provide specific details about the hyperlinks and the content on the linked pages that they intended to rely on at trial. Additionally, the court determined that certain parts of the defendants' particulars were unclear and struck them out. The defendants were also ordered to provide particulars of the truth of certain imputations. Furthermore, the court held that internet publications are not necessarily to the world at large and distinguished them from mass media publications. The court found that the defendants' defence of qualified privilege was not applicable in this case.

The court proposed several orders, including that the defendants provide particulars of the hyperlinks and content, strike out certain parts of their defences, and respond to the plaintiffs' request for further particulars. The plaintiffs' summons was dismissed, but the court reserved the question of costs for further hearing. This decision provides guidance on the requirements for particulars in defamation cases and the distinction between internet and mass media publications in determining the scope of publication.

Orders

Orders of the court

Subject to hearing any submission from the parties concerning the precise form of orders, the orders I propose are as follows:

(1) The first defendant file and serve particulars identifying the hyperlinks referred to in paragraph 5 of the further amended defence of the first defendant and the precise words and images on the hyperlinked pages upon which the defendants will rely at trial.

(2) Paragraph (4) of the particulars under paragraph 8A, and paragraph 8F, of the further amended defence of the first defendant are struck out.

(3) The first defendant file and serve particulars of the truth of the imputation pleaded in paragraph 8A(d) of the further amended defence of the first defendant.

(4) The defendants provide a response to the request for further and better particulars of their further amended defences requested in the plaintiffs’ solicitors’ letter of 3 July 2012.

(5) The plaintiffs’ summons filed 26 July 2012 is otherwise dismissed.

I will hear the parties on the question of costs.

Background

Background to the litigation

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Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

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Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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