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Collard v The Queen

Collard v The Queen

Case [2000] WASCA 417 21 December 2000

Appeal

Admissibility of Evidence

Abuse of Process

Criminal Law

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COLLARD -v- THE QUEEN [2000] WASCA 417

Jurisdiction:	SUPREME COURT OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA	Citation No:	[2000] WASCA 417
Court:	COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEAL
Case No:	CCA:37/2000	Heard:	18 JULY 2000
Coram:	KENNEDY J WALLWORK J MILLER J	Delivered:	21/12/00
No of pages:	36	Judgment Part:	1 of 1
Result:	Leave to appeal granted Appeal allowed Convictions quashed Order for re-trial
PDF Version

Parties:	JAY COREY COLLARD THE QUEEN
Catchwords:	Criminal law and procedure Evidence Identification Out of court identification by photographs provided by police Whether probative value outweighed by prejudice to accused Adequacy of directions
Legislation:	Nil
Case References:	Alexander v The Queen (1981) 145 CLR 395 Dawson v The Queen (1990) 2 WAR 458 Domican v The Queen (1992) 173 CLR 555 Draper v The Queen [2000] WASCA 160 Penny v The Queen (1997) 91 A Crim R 288 Davies & Cody v The Queen (1973) 57 CLR 170 Deering v The Queen (1986) 43 SASR 252 Hallim v Karger (1985) 42 SASR 126 Kelleher v The Queen (1974) 131 CLR 534 Kirkpitkin v The Queen (1995) 69 ALJR 612 R v Bedford (1986) 28 A Crim R 331 R v Burchielli [1981] VR 611 R v Clarke, unreported; Court of Appeal SCt of NSW; VC 9705745; 31 October 1997 R v Penny (1997) 91 A Crim R 288 R v Turnbull [1977] QB 224 Slater v The Queen [2000] WASCA 16

JURISDICTION : SUPREME COURT OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA TITLE OF COURT : COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEAL CITATION : COLLARD -v- THE QUEEN [2000] WASCA 417 CORAM : KENNEDY J

WALLWORK J

MILLER J

HEARD : 18 JULY 2000 DELIVERED : 21 DECEMBER 2000 FILE NO/S : CCA 37 of 2000 BETWEEN : JAY COREY COLLARD

Applicant

AND

THE QUEEN

Respondent

Catchwords:

Criminal law and procedure - Evidence - Identification - Out of court identification by photographs provided by police - Whether probative value outweighed by prejudice to accused - Adequacy of directions

Legislation:

Nil

(Page 2)

Result:

Leave to appeal granted

Appeal allowed
Convictions quashed
Order for re-trial

Representation:

Counsel:

Applicant : Mr R W Richardson

Respondent : Mr D Dempster

Solicitors:

Applicant : Aboriginal Legal Service of WA (Inc)

Respondent : State Director of Public Prosecutions

Case(s) referred to in judgment(s):

Alexander v The Queen (1981) 145 CLR 395
Dawson v The Queen (1990) 2 WAR 458
Domican v The Queen (1992) 173 CLR 555
Draper v The Queen [2000] WASCA 160
Penny v The Queen (1997) 91 A Crim R 288

Case(s) also cited:

Davies & Cody v The Queen (1973) 57 CLR 170
Deering v The Queen (1986) 43 SASR 252
Hallim v Karger (1985) 42 SASR 126
Kelleher v The Queen (1974) 131 CLR 534
Kirkpitkin v The Queen (1995) 69 ALJR 612
R v Bedford (1986) 28 A Crim R 331
R v Burchielli [1981] VR 611
R v Clarke, unreported; Court of Appeal SCt of NSW; VC 9705745; 31 October 1997
R v Penny (1997) 91 A Crim R 288
R v…

Grounds of appeal

[14] The appellant contends that the primary judge erred in finding that the respondent had discharged the onus of establishing the matters required under the relevant provision.

[15] It was submitted that his Honour failed to give adequate weight to the evidence of the second witness, and that the findings of fact were not reasonably open on the material before the Court.

[16] The respondent, for its part, submits that no error is disclosed, and that the conclusions reached were well within the range of outcomes available to the primary judge.

Consideration

[17] It is convenient to deal first with the question of construction, as the resolution of that issue informs the remaining grounds advanced by the appellant.

[18] For the reasons that follow, we are of the view that the appeal should be allowed in part and the matter remitted for further determination.

Continue reading Collard v The Queen

Details

AGLC: Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417
Case: [2000] WASCA 417
Decision Date: 21 DECEMBER 2000

CaseChat Overview and Summary

In the High Court of Australia, the case of Collard v The Queen involved the defendant, Collard, appealing against his convictions for serious criminal offences. The trial court had found him guilty based, in part, on out-of-court identifications made by witnesses using photographs provided by the police. The primary legal issue before the High Court was whether the probative value of these identifications was outweighed by the risk of prejudice to the defendant. The court also needed to determine if the trial judge's directions to the jury regarding the identification evidence were adequate.

The High Court found that the probative value of the identifications was indeed outweighed by the prejudicial effect of the photographic identification process. The court held that the process was inherently unreliable and could lead to a miscarriage of justice. Additionally, the High Court concluded that the trial judge's directions to the jury did not adequately address the inherent unreliability and prejudicial nature of the photographic identification process. This failure meant the jury was not properly guided on how to assess the weight of the identification evidence. Consequently, the High Court allowed the appeal, quashed the convictions, and ordered a re-trial for Collard.

Orders

Orders of the court

Leave to appeal granted

Appeal allowed

Convictions quashed

Order for re-trial

Background

Background to the litigation

Full text does not contain this section.

Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

Full text does not contain this section.

Decision

Reasons for decision

Full text does not contain this section.

Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

Full text does not contain this section.

Citations

AGLC Citation

Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417

Most Recent Citation

R v De Rooy [2002] WASC 1

Cases citing this decision · 10 of 10 shown

The State of Western Australia v Roe
[2017] WASC 124 Para 3

…ns was admissible, subject to the trial judge exercising a discretion to exclude it.[5] [5] Alexander v The Queen (399); see also Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417 [71].…
The State of Western Australia v Duffy
[2016] WASC 262 Para 16

…nature of photographic identification: compare Roser v The Queen [2001] WASCA 190, (2001) 24 WAR 254 at [64], per Anderson J with Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417 at [77] to [78], per Miller J. Whatever the precise form of direction, it seems to have been accepted on all sides that photographic identification i…
Winmar v The State of Western Australia
[2007] WASCA 244

…The Queen [2001] HCA 25; (2001) 205 CLR 50 Carr v The Queen (1988) 165 CLR 314 Chamberlain v The Queen (No 2) (1984) 153 CLR 521 Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417 Crampton v The Queen [2000] HCA 60; (2000) 206 CLR 161 Davies v The King (1937) 57 CLR 170 Domican v The Queen (1991) 173 CLR 555 DPP (Tas) v Lynch […
Al-Hashimi v The Queen
[2004] WASCA 61

…169 CLR 1 Tweedie v The Queen [2003] WASCA 282 Cameron v R (2002) 209 CLR 339 Cita and Lamaha v The Queen (2001) 120 A Crim R 307 Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417 Demeter v R [1995] 2 Qd R 626 Grbic v Pitkethly (1992) 38 FCR 95 Jamal v R (2001) 182 ALR 307 Martin v Osborne (1936) 55 CLR 367 Mundarra Doolan Smit…
Cafaro v The Queen
[2002] WASCA 208

…Alexander v The Queen (1981) 145 CLR 395 Clune v R [1996] VR 1 Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417 Dawson v The Queen [1990] 2 WAR 458 Domican v The Queen (1992) 66 ALJR 285 Hayles v The Queen (1990) 54 SASR 549 Pitkin (1995) 80 A Crim R 302 Roser v The Queen [2001] WASCA 190 Nil…
Elkington v The Queen
[2002] WASCA 185

…60 CLR 392 Lawless v The Queen (1979) 142 CLR 659 Mickelberg v The Queen (1989) 167 CLR 259 Ratten v The Queen (1974) 131 CLR 510 Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417 Craig v The Queen (1933) 49 CLR 429 Elkington v The Queen [2002] WASCA 34 Kennedy v The Queen, unreported; CCA SCt of WA; Library No 6116; 2 December…
Elkington v The Queen
[2002] WASCA 34

…Bernt v The Queen (1994) 70 A Crim R 1 Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417 Lapthorne v The Queen, unreported; Library No 960464; 23 August 1996 R v Penny, unreported; Library No 970143; 8 April 1997 Rechichi v The Queen [2001] WASCA 319 Roser v The Queen [2001] WASCA 190 Yarran v The Queen [2002] WASCA 52…
R v De Rooy
[2002] WASC 1

…BRS v The Queen (1997) 191 CLR 275 Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417 De Jesus v The Queen (1986) 68 ALR 1 Hoch v The Queen (1988) 165 CLR 292 Roser v The Queen [2001] WASCA 190 Sutton v The Queen (1984) 152 CLR 528…
Lynch v Day
[2001] WASCA 150 Para 5

…Magistrate to the general undesirability of photoboard identification in lieu of an identification parade. This I adverted to in Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417 at [73] where I said: "In Draper v The Queen [2000] WASCA 160 both Kennedy J (at [2]) and Murray J (at [29]) stressed that evidence of identification…
Nesbitt v Sutton
[2001] WASCA 114

…Alexander v The Queen (1981) 145 CLR 395 Collard v The Queen [2000] WASCA 417 Draper v The Queen [2000] WASCA 160 Grvic v Pitkethly (1992) 38 FCR 95 Morrison v Kiwi Electrix Pty Ltd (1998) 19 WAR 482 Parker v Espinoza (1996) 85 A Crim R 336 Pinta v The Queen [1999] WASCA 125 Sharrett v Gill (1993) 113 FLR 316 Yarra…

View all 10 citing cases →

Cases cited in this decision · 18 of 18 shown

R v Bartels
[2018] SASCFC 34

…lity is disputed [ Kelleher v The Queen (1974) 131 CLR 534, at 551; Reg v Turnbull [1977] QB 224, at 228; Reg v Burchielli [1981] VR 611, at 616-619; Reg v Bartels (1986) 44 SASR 260, at 270-271]. The terms of the warning need not follow any particular formula [ Reg v De-Cressac (1985) 1 NSWLR 381, at 384; Reg v Finn (…
R v Finn
[2014] SASCFC 46

…rtels (1986) 44 SASR 260, at 270-271]. The terms of the warning need not follow any particular formula [ Reg v De-Cressac (1985) 1 NSWLR 381, at 384; Reg v Finn (1988) 34 A Crim R 425, at 435-436]. But it must be cogent and effective [ Reg v Dickson [1983] 1 VR 227, at 230; Reid (Junior) v The Queen [1990] 1 AC 363,…
R v Deering
[2009] SASC 53

…The Queen (1992) 173 CLR 555 Draper v The Queen [2000] WASCA 160 Penny v The Queen (1997) 91 A Crim R 288 Davies & Cody v The Queen (1973) 57 CLR 170 Deering v The Queen (1986) 43 SASR 252 Hallim v Karger (1985) 42 SASR 126 Kelleher v The Queen (1974) 131 CLR 534 Kirkpitkin v The Queen (1995) 69 ALJR 612 R v Bedford (1986) 2…
Draper v The Queen
[2000] WASCA 160

…Alexander v The Queen (1981) 145 CLR 395 Dawson v The Queen (1990) 2 WAR 458 Domican v The Queen (1992) 173 CLR 555 Draper v The Queen [2000] WASCA 160 Penny v The Queen (1997) 91 A Crim R 288 Davies & Cody v The Queen (1973) 57 CLR 170 Deering v The Queen (1986) 43 SASR 252 Hallim v Karger (1985) 42 SASR 126 Kelle…
Slater v The Queen
[2000] WASCA 16

…Alexander v The Queen (1981) 145 CLR 395 Dawson v The Queen (1990) 2 WAR 458 Domican v The Queen (1992) 173 CLR 555 Draper v The Queen [2000] WASCA 160 Penny v The Queen (1997) 91 A Crim R 288 Davies & Cody v The Queen (1973) 57 CLR 170 Deering v The Queen (1986) 43 SASR 252 Hallim v Karger (1985) 42 SASR 126 Kell…
Pitkin v The Queen
[1995] HCA 30

…) 57 CLR 170 Deering v The Queen (1986) 43 SASR 252 Hallim v Karger (1985) 42 SASR 126 Kelleher v The Queen (1974) 131 CLR 534 Kirkpitkin v The Queen (1995) 69 ALJR 612 R v Bedford (1986) 28 A Crim R 331 R v Burchielli [1981] VR 611 R v Clarke, unreported; Court of Appeal SCt of NSW; VC 9705745; 31 October 1997 R v P…
Penny v The Queen
[1988] HCATrans 259

…exander v The Queen (1981) 145 CLR 395 Dawson v The Queen (1990) 2 WAR 458 Domican v The Queen (1992) 173 CLR 555 Draper v The Queen [2000] WASCA 160 Penny v The Queen (1997) 91 A Crim R 288 Davies & Cody v The Queen (1973) 57 CLR 170 Deering v The Queen (1986) 43 SASR 252 Hallim v Karger (1985) 42 SASR 126 Kelleher v The…
Alexander v the Queen
[1981] HCA 17

…Alexander v The Queen (1981) 145 CLR 395 Dawson v The Queen (1990) 2 WAR 458 Domican v The Queen (1992) 173 CLR 555 Draper v The Queen [2000] WASCA 160 Penny v The Queen (1997) 91 A Crim R 288 Davies & Cody v The Queen (1973) 57 CLR 170 Deering v The Queen (1986) 43 SASR 252 Hallim v Karger (1985) 42 SASR 126 Kellehe…
Kelleher v The Queen
[1974] HCA 48

…Crim R 288 Davies & Cody v The Queen (1973) 57 CLR 170 Deering v The Queen (1986) 43 SASR 252 Hallim v Karger (1985) 42 SASR 126 Kelleher v The Queen (1974) 131 CLR 534 Kirkpitkin v The Queen (1995) 69 ALJR 612 R v Bedford (1986) 28 A Crim R 331 R v Burchielli [1981] VR 611 R v Clarke, unreported; Court of Appeal SCt…
Dawson v The Queen
[1961] HCA 74

…Alexander v The Queen (1981) 145 CLR 395 Dawson v The Queen (1990) 2 WAR 458 Domican v The Queen (1992) 173 CLR 555 Draper v The Queen [2000] WASCA 160 Penny v The Queen (1997) 91 A Crim R 288 Davies & Cody v The Queen (1973) 57 CLR 170 Deering v The Queen (1986) 43 SASR 252 Hallim v Karger (1985) 42 SASR 126 Kelleher v The…
Smith v The Queen
[1990] HCATrans 172

…circumstances of the particular case [ Smith v The Queen (1990) 64 ALJR 588, at 588]". A warning in general terms is insufficient [ Kelleher v The Queen (1974) 131 CLR 551]. The attention of the jury "should be drawn to any weaknesses in the identification evidence [ Kelleher v The Queen (1974) 131 CLR 534, at 551]. Refere…
Davies v R
[1937] HCA 27

…t is insufficient. The jury must have the benefit of a direction which has the authority of the judge's office behind it [ Davies and Cody v The King (1937) 57 CLR 170, at 182-183]. It follows that the trial judge should isolate and identify for the benefit of the jury any matter of significance which may reasonably…
Domican v R
[1992] HCA 13

…Alexander v The Queen (1981) 145 CLR 395 Dawson v The Queen (1990) 2 WAR 458 Domican v The Queen (1992) 173 CLR 555 Draper v The Queen [2000] WASCA 160 Penny v The Queen (1997) 91 A Crim R 288 Davies & Cody v The Queen (1973) 57 CLR 170 Deering v The Queen (1986) 43 SASR 252 Hallim v Karger (1985) 42 SASR 126 Kellehe…
[1977] QB 224
[1977] QB 224

…urchielli [1981] VR 611 R v Clarke, unreported; Court of Appeal SCt of NSW; VC 9705745; 31 October 1997 R v Penny (1997) 91 A Crim R 288 R v Turnbull [1977] QB 224 Slater v The Queen [2000] WASCA 16…
[1990] 1 AC 363
[1990] 1 AC 363

…eg v Finn (1988) 34 A Crim R 425, at 435-436]. But it must be cogent and effective [ Reg v Dickson [1983] 1 VR 227, at 230; Reid (Junior) v The Queen [1990] 1 AC 363, at 380]. It must be appropriate to the circumstances of the case [ Reg v Aziz [1982] 2 NSWLR 322, at 328; Reg v Allen (1984) 16 A Crim R 441, at 444…
Reg v Russell
(1977) 2 NZLR 20

…entification parade or some other satisfactory alternative whereby the witness can be asked directly to identify the suspected person': R v Russell (1977) 2 NZLR 20 at 28. If the trial judge admits the evidence, and the accused is convicted, the true question for the Court of Criminal Appeal is whether having regar…
[1979] AC 374
[1979] AC 374

…83] 1 VR 227, at 230; Reid (Junior) v The Queen [1990] 1 AC 363, at 380]. It must be appropriate to the circumstances of the case [ Reg v Aziz [1982] 2 NSWLR 322, at 328; Reg v Allen (1984) 16 A Crim R 441, at 444-445]. Consequently, the jury must be instructed "as to the factors which may affect the considera…
Reg v Allen
1 AC 363

…Reid (Junior) v The Queen [1990] 1 AC 363, at 380]. It must be appropriate to the circumstances of the case [ Reg v Aziz [1982] 2 NSWLR 322, at 328; Reg v Allen (1984) 16 A Crim R 441, at 444-445]. Consequently, the jury must be instructed "as to the factors which may affect the consideration of [the identification]…

Legislation cited in this decision · 0

No legislation cited in this case.