MIMA v Shaibo

Case [2000] FCA 600


FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

Minister For Immigration & Multicultural Affairs v Shaibo [2000] FCA 600

IMMIGRATION – protection visa – application for review of decision of Refugee Review Tribunal – Sri Lankan Tamil voluntarily joins police force – sent to north of country to fill void left by departing armed forces – deserts police force because of fear for his life and because appalled at torture, murder and rape committed by some members of police force – upon return to Sri Lanka, would be offered amnesty upon terms requiring him to resume service in north of country – whether fear of persecution on Convention ground made out – whether Tribunal erred in law in concluding that applicant before it (present respondent) feared persecution on Convention ground.

Migration Act 1958 (Cth) s 476(1)(e)

Murillo-Nunez v Minister for Immigration and Ethnic Affairs (1995) 63 FCR 150, cited
Timic v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs [1998] FCA 1750, cited
Mijoljevic v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs [1999] FCA 834, cited
Mehenni v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs (1999) 164 ALR 192, cited

MINISTER FOR IMMIGRATION AND MULTICULTURAL AFFAIRS v MOHAMED ELIYAS CADER MEERA SHAIBO

N 979 OF 1999

LINDGREN J
10 MAY 2000
SYDNEY


IN THE FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

NEW SOUTH WALES DISTRICT REGISTRY

N 979 OF 1999

BETWEEN:

MINISTER FOR IMMIGRATION AND MULTICULTURAL AFFAIRS
APPLICANT

AND:

MOHAMED ELIYAS CADER MEERA SHAIBO
RESPONDENT

JUDGE:

LINDGREN J

DATE OF ORDER:

10 MAY 2000

WHERE MADE:

SYDNEY

THE COURT ORDERS THAT:

1.The decision of the Refugee Review Tribunal made on 13 August 1999 in proceeding N 97/20520 be set aside and the matter to which that decision related be referred to the Refugee Review Tribunal for further consideration and decision in accordance with law.

Note:    Settlement and entry of orders is dealt with in Order 36 of the Federal Court Rules.


IN THE FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

NEW SOUTH WALES DISTRICT REGISTRY

N 979 OF 1999

BETWEEN:

MINISTER FOR IMMIGRATION AND MULTICULTURAL AFFAIRS
APPLICANT

AND:

MOHAMED ELIYAS CADER MEERA SHAIBO
RESPONDENT

JUDGE:

LINDGREN J

DATE:

10 MAY 2000

PLACE:

SYDNEY

REASONS FOR JUDGMENT

Introduction

  1. The Applicant (“the Minister”) applies under s 476(1) of the Migration Act1958 (Cth) (“the Act”) for review of a decision of the Refugee Review Tribunal (“RRT”) setting aside a decision of a delegate (“the Delegate”) of the Minister not to grant the respondent (“Mr Shaibo”) a protection visa.

  2. Section 29 of the Act provides that subject to the Act, the Minister may grant a non-citizen permission, to be known as a visa, to do one or both of the following:

    (a)travel to and enter Australia;

    (b)remain in Australia.

    Section 496 of the Act provides that the Minister may, by writing signed by him or her, delegate to a person any of the Minister’s powers under the Act. It is not in dispute that the Minister delegated all relevant powers to the Delegate.

  3. Section 65 of the Act provides that after considering a…

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Details
AGLC
MIMA v Shaibo [2000] FCA 600
Case
[2000] FCA 600
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

In the case of MIMA v Shaibo, the central issue was whether Mr. Shaibo, a Sri Lankan national, qualified as a refugee under the Convention and Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees. Mr. Shaibo sought asylum in Australia, claiming a well-founded fear of persecution if he returned to Sri Lanka due to his membership in a minority group, his Tamil heritage, and his political opinions against the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). The Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs (MIMA) challenged the Refugee Review Tribunal's (RRT) decision to grant Mr. Shaibo refugee status. The Federal Court was tasked with determining whether the RRT's decision was legally sound.

The court had to examine whether the RRT properly applied the law in assessing Mr. Shaibo's claims. This included considering whether the RRT appropriately evaluated the credibility of Mr. Shaibo's evidence and correctly interpreted the relevant provisions of the Convention. Specifically, the court scrutinized whether the RRT accurately identified the grounds for refugee status and whether Mr. Shaibo's fear of persecution was both subjectively genuine and objectively reasonable.

The court concluded that the RRT did not err in its application of the law. The RRT adequately considered Mr. Shaibo's evidence and found his claims credible. The court found no fault with the RRT's interpretation of the Convention's definition of a refugee and its assessment of Mr. Shaibo's fear of persecution. The court determined that the RRT's decision was supported by substantial evidence and was legally correct.

The final orders of the court were to set aside the RRT's decision and remit the matter back to the RRT for further consideration and a new decision in accordance with the law. This decision ensured that the RRT would have another opportunity to review Mr. Shaibo's case, ensuring all legal principles were appropriately applied.

Orders

Orders of the court

1. The decision of the Refugee Review Tribunal made on 13 August 1999 in proceeding N 97/20520 be set aside and the matter to which that decision related be referred to the Refugee Review Tribunal for further consideration and decision in accordance with law.

Background

Background to the litigation

Mr Shaibo’s case was that he is outside the country of his nationality, Sri Lanka, and has a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reason of one or more of race, membership of a particular social group or political opinion.Procedural background Mr Shaibo arrived in Australia on 24 July 1994. On 25 July 1997, he applied for a protection visa (visa sub-class 866). On 6 November 1997 the Delegate refused to grant him the visa. On 5 December 1997, Mr Shaibo applied to the RRT for review of the Delegate’s decision. The RRT conducted a hearing on 13 August 1999. On the same day the RRT set aside the Delegate’s decision and remitted the matter to the RRT for reconsideration with a direction that Mr Shaibo was a person to whom Australia had protection obligations under the Convention. The Minister filed the application by which this proceeding was commenced on 6 September 1999.The Reasons for Decision of the RRT The RRT commenced its reasons for decision by referring to the procedural background, the legislative framework and the law relating to the Convention definition of a “refugee”. It then turned to consider Mr Shaibo’s claims and evidence. The RRT accepted that the written statement provided by Mr Shaibo, a Tamil speaking Muslim, was a true reflection of what had happened to him and of his life in Sri Lanka. It went on to reproduce his written statement. In particular, it quoted the grounds on which Mr Shaibo relied as follows:“I seek protection from the Australian government for the following reasons.·As a member of a small minority group and a person whose mother tongue is Tamil I was sent to war front without being given proper training.·I joined the Police Service to perform my civil duties to my country and fellow citizens. Using at war front is a breach of my beliefs.·Though as a Muslim I have a political opinion against the LTTE for the inhuman treatment they had done to the Northern Muslims, I am not at war with them. As a Tamil speaking Muslim my political opinion is that the just rights of Tamil speaking minorities be given in Sri Lanka and I don’t want to be involved in killing my fellow Tamil speaking citizen or be killed by them.·My return to Sri Lanka may result in detention and being sent to the war front. Latest newspaper articles indicate that the Armed forces chief has issued an order to arrest deserters and them to be court martialled.” Mr Shaibo was born in Kurunegala in the North Western province of Sri Lanka. During his college years he was a keen sportsman and a member of the school’s cadets and was the sergeant in the platoon. After President Premadasa’s death Mr Shaibo applied to join the Sri Lankan police and attended the Sri Lankan Special Task Force’s Training School at Katukurunda from 26 July 1993. However, the new President, Mr DB Wijethunga, wanted to consolidate the Government’s power in the east of Sri Lanka. In order to fill the void created by the absence of the armed forces elsewhere in the country, he ordered the police to move in. After three months’ training, Mr Shaibo was stationed north of Vavuniya, where the Sri Lankan Government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (“LTTE”) ran parallel administrations. On protesting that he had inadequate training for such a difficult and dangerous posting, he was told that Tamil speaking officers were needed in that area.

Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

LINDGREN J
Mr Shaibo arrived in Australia on 24 July 1994. On 25 July 1997, he applied for a protection visa (visa sub-class 866). On 6 November 1997 the Delegate refused to grant him the visa. On 5 December 1997, Mr Shaibo applied to the RRT for review of the Delegate’s decision. The RRT conducted a hearing on 13 August 1999. On the same day the RRT set aside the Delegate’s decision and remitted the matter to the RRT for reconsideration with a direction that Mr Shaibo was a person to whom Australia had protection obligations under the Convention. The Minister filed the application by which this proceeding was commenced on 6 September 1999.The Reasons for Decision of the RRT The RRT commenced its reasons for decision by referring to the procedural background, the legislative framework and the law relating to the Convention definition of a “refugee”. It then turned to consider Mr Shaibo’s claims and evidence. The RRT accepted that the written statement provided by Mr Shaibo, a Tamil speaking Muslim, was a true reflection of what had happened to him and of his life in Sri Lanka. It went on to reproduce his written statement. In particular, it quoted the grounds on which Mr Shaibo relied as follows:“I seek protection from the Australian government for the following reasons.·As a member of a small minority group and a person whose mother tongue is Tamil I was sent to war front without being given proper training.·I joined the Police Service to perform my civil duties to my country and fellow citizens. Using at war front is a breach of my beliefs.·Though as a Muslim I have a political opinion against the LTTE for the inhuman treatment they had done to the Northern Muslims, I am not at war with them. As a Tamil speaking Muslim my political opinion is that the just rights of Tamil speaking minorities be given in Sri Lanka and I don’t want to be involved in killing my fellow Tamil speaking citizen or be killed by them.·My return to Sri Lanka may result in detention and being sent to the war front. Latest newspaper articles indicate that the Armed forces chief has issued an order to arrest deserters and them to be court martialled.” Mr Shaibo was born in Kurunegala in the North Western province of Sri Lanka. During his college years he was a keen sportsman and a member of the school’s cadets and was the sergeant in the platoon. After President Premadasa’s death Mr Shaibo applied to join the Sri Lankan police and attended the Sri Lankan Special Task Force’s Training School at Katukurunda from 26 July 1993. However, the new President, Mr DB Wijethunga, wanted to consolidate the Government’s power in the east of Sri Lanka. In order to fill the void created by the absence of the armed forces elsewhere in the country, he ordered the police to move in. After three months’ training, Mr Shaibo was stationed north of Vavuniya, where the Sri Lankan Government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (“LTTE”) ran parallel administrations. On protesting that he had inadequate training for such a difficult and dangerous posting, he was told that Tamil speaking officers were needed in that area.

Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

Established by: LINDGREN J

Full text does not contain this section.