McDonald v Ramalingam

Case [2003] QSC 280


SUPREME COURT OF QUEENSLAND

CITATION:

McDonald v Ramalingam & Ors [2003] QSC 280

PARTIES:

MAXINE SHIRLEY MCDONALD (NEE BRIGGS)
(plaintiff)
v
DR RAMALINGAM
(first defendant)
DR NOWICKI
(second defendant)
STATE OF QUEENSLAND
(third defendant)
ENDOVASIVE PTY LTD (ACN 061 512 132)
(fourth defendant)
FEMCARE LTD
(fifth defendant)

FILE NO/S:

SC No 10726 of 2000

DIVISION:

Trial Division

PROCEEDING:

Application

DELIVERED ON:

5 September 2003

DELIVERED AT:

Brisbane

HEARING DATE:

21 August 2003

JUDGE:

McMurdo J

ORDER:

Order in terms of amended application

CATCHWORDS:

LIMITATION OF ACTIONS – MATERIAL FACTS OF A DECISIVE CHARACTER - where plaintiff commenced proceeding outside relevant limitation period – where proceedings arise out of an unsuccessful sterilisation procedure performed by first and second defendant – where plaintiff contends material facts of a decisive character were not within her means of knowledge until a date after the commencement of the year preceding the expiration of the limitation period – whether the plaintiff has demonstrated the matters required by s 31(2)(a) Limitations Act – whether plaintiff has satisfied court that grounds exist for exercising discretion to extend time within which she may commence proceedings – whether real possibility of prejudice to a fair trial by reason of plaintiff’s delay

Limitation of Actions Act 1974 (Qld), s 5(7), s 11, s 30, s 30(1)(b), 30(1)(c), s 31, s 31(2)(b)

Brisbane South Regional Health Authority v Taylor (1996-1997) 186 CLR 541, considered
Castlemaine Perkins Limited v McPhee (1979) Qd R 460, applied
De Innocentis v Brisbane City Council [2000] 2 Qd R 349, applied
Murray v Whiting [2002] QSC 257, cited
Opacic v Patane [1997] 1 Qd R 84, considered
Walkin v South Manchester Health Authority [1995] 4 All
ER 132, cited

COUNSEL:

G Mullins for the plaintiff
J Dalton for the defendants

SOLICITORS:

McInnes Wilson Lawyers for the plaintiff
Hunt & Hunt Lawyers for the defendants

  1. McMURDO J:  The plaintiff commenced these proceedings by a claim issued on 7 December 2000, for damages for personal injuries and other loss from an unsuccessful sterilisation procedure performed on 19 April 1996.  The procedure was performed by the first and second defendants, as employees of the third defendant.  On 10 December 1997, the plaintiff became aware that she was pregnant.  For present purposes, the parties agree that the likely date of conception was, at the latest, 2 November 1997, and that any relevant cause of action accrued no later than that date.[1]  The relevant limitation period is three years.[2]  Accordingly, these proceedings were commenced a month or so out of time.

    [1]Murray v Whiting [2002] QSC 257 at [28]; Walkin v South Manchester Health Authority [1995] 4 All ER 132 at 139, 140, 142-3 and 144

    [2]Section 11 of Limitation of Actions Act 1974 (Qld)

  1. Originally there were five defendants, but the plaintiff is no longer proceeding against the fourth and fifth defendants. The first, second and third defendants pleaded that the proceedings were time barred in their Defence filed on 10 May 2001. This is an…

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McDonald v Ramalingam [2003] QSC 280
Case
[2003] QSC 280
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

The case of McDonald v Ramalingam involved a dispute between the plaintiff, McDonald, and the defendants, Ramalingam and another, relating to an unsuccessful sterilisation procedure performed by the defendants. McDonald commenced proceedings outside the relevant limitation period, arguing that she was unaware of certain material facts until after the limitation period had begun to run. The court was required to determine whether McDonald had demonstrated the elements set out in section 31(2)(a) of the Limitations Act and whether there were grounds for extending the time within which she could commence proceedings.

The court considered the principles of the doctrine of limitation of actions and the requirements of section 31(2)(a) of the Limitations Act. The court noted that for the plaintiff to succeed, she needed to show that the material facts of a decisive character were not within her knowledge until after the limitation period had begun to run. The court assessed whether McDonald had acted with reasonable diligence in discovering the relevant facts and whether the delay in commencing proceedings would result in real prejudice to the defendants' ability to conduct a fair trial. The court also considered the balance of convenience and whether extending the limitation period would unduly prejudice the defendants.

After careful consideration of the evidence and arguments presented, the court determined that McDonald had demonstrated the required elements under section 31(2)(a) of the Limitations Act. The court found that McDonald was not aware of the material facts until a date after the commencement of the year preceding the expiration of the limitation period. The court also concluded that there were no grounds for the defendants' argument that the delay would prejudice their ability to conduct a fair trial. The court exercised its discretion under the Limitations Act to extend the time within which McDonald could commence proceedings.

The court made an order in terms of the amended application, allowing McDonald to proceed with her claim despite the limitation period having expired. The order permitted McDonald to bring her action against the defendants for the unsuccessful sterilisation procedure, notwithstanding the delay in commencing proceedings.

Orders

Orders of the court

Order in terms of amended application

Background

Background to the litigation

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Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

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Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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