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Gross v Weston

Gross v Weston

Case [2007] NSWCA 1 8 January 2007

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Court of Appeal

Supreme Court

New South Wales

Medium Neutral Citation: Gross v Weston & Anor [2007] NSWCA 1
Hearing dates: 1 September 2006
Decision date: 08 January 2007
Before: Handley JA at [1]; McColl JA at [2]; Hunt AJA at [3]
Decision:
1. The appeal is dismissed ; 2. Each party is to pay her and its own costs.

Catchwords: Defamation — qualified privilege — Reply alleging improper motive — content of such Reply — particulars to be supplied — relevance of falsity of defendant’s evidence in s7A hearing.
Legislation Cited: Defamation Act 1974
Cases Cited: Adam v Ward [1917] AC 309
Ainsworth v Burden [2005] NSWCA 174
Bailey v FCT (1977) 136 CLR 214
Barrett v Long (1851) 3 HLC 395 [10 ER 154]
Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd (2003) 60 NSWLR 251
Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd [No 2] [2006] NSWCA 343
Bellino v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1995) 185 CLR 183
Calwell v Ipec Australia Ltd (1975) 135 CLR 321
Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Thomson (1964) 81 WN (NSW) 553
Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658
Dobson v Morris (1975) 4 NSWLR 681
Eade v The King (1924) 34 CLR 154
Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459
El-Azzi v Nationwide News Pty Ltd [2004] NSWSC 1057
Emmerton v University of Sydney [1970] 2 NSWR 633
Gross v Weston & Anor, Court of Appeal, 13 December 2005, unreported
Herald and Weekly Times Ltd v McGregor (1928) 41 CLR 254
Hobbs v CT Tinling & Co Ltd [1929] 2 KB 1
Kelly v Kelly (1950) 50 SR (NSW) 261
Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520
Laughton v Bishop of Sodor and Man (1872) LR 4 PC 495
Leotta v Public Transport Commission of NSW (1976) 9 ALR 437
Lloyd v Powell Duffryn Steam Coal Co Ltd [1914] AC 733
Mowlds v Ferguson (1939) 40 SR (NSW) 311
Mummery v Irvings Pty Ltd (1956) 96 CLR 99
Nevill v Fine Arts and General Insurance Co Ltd [1895] 2 QB 156
Nominal Defendant v Haslbauer (1967) 117 CLR 448
Philliponi v Leithead (1959) 59 SR (NSW) 353
Re Grove; Vaucher v Treasury Solicitor (1888) 40 Ch D 216
Regina v Beserick (1993) 30 NSWLR 510
Regina v Difford & Stokes (1990) 51 A Crim R 25
Rex v Associated Northern Collieries (1910) 11 CLR 738
Roberts v Bass (2002) 212 CLR 1
Scott Fell v Lloyd (1911) 13 CLR 230
Simpson v Robinson (1848) 12 QB 511 [116 ER 959]
Spill v Maule (1872) LR 4 PC 495
Steinberg v FCT (1975) 134 CLR 640
Thomas v The Queen (1960) 102 CLR 584
Tripodi v The Queen (1961) 104 CLR 1
Turner v Dalgety & Co Ltd (1952) 69 WN (NSW) 228
Vlasic v Federal Capital Press of Australia Pty Ltd (1976) 9 ACTR 1
Walton v The Queen (1989) 166 CLR 283
Category: Principal judgment
Parties: Ernestine Gross (Plaintiff/Appellant)
Rae Weston & Macquarie University…

Grounds of appeal

[14] The appellant contends that the primary judge erred in finding that the respondent had discharged the onus of establishing the matters required under the relevant provision.

[15] It was submitted that his Honour failed to give adequate weight to the evidence of the second witness, and that the findings of fact were not reasonably open on the material before the Court.

[16] The respondent, for its part, submits that no error is disclosed, and that the conclusions reached were well within the range of outcomes available to the primary judge.

Consideration

[17] It is convenient to deal first with the question of construction, as the resolution of that issue informs the remaining grounds advanced by the appellant.

[18] For the reasons that follow, we are of the view that the appeal should be allowed in part and the matter remitted for further determination.

Continue reading Gross v Weston

Details

AGLC: Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1
Case: [2007] NSWCA 1
Decision Date: 8 January 2007

CaseChat Overview and Summary

The appeal in *Gross v Weston* concerned a defamation action brought by the plaintiff against the defendant. The core of the dispute revolved around the defence of qualified privilege, specifically in relation to a reply made by the defendant. The appeal was heard by Handley JA, McColl JA, and Hunt AJA.

The legal issues before the court included whether the content of the defendant's reply sufficiently alleged an improper motive on the part of the plaintiff, and what particulars were required to support such an allegation. The court also considered the relevance of the falsity of the plaintiff's evidence in the context of a section 7A hearing.

The court reasoned that for qualified privilege to apply to a reply alleging improper motive, the reply must contain allegations that, if true, would demonstrate that the plaintiff acted with an improper motive. The court held that the particulars provided by the defendant were sufficient to raise the defence of qualified privilege, as they pointed to conduct by the plaintiff that could be interpreted as demonstrating an improper motive. The court further clarified that in a section 7A hearing, the falsity of the plaintiff's evidence could be relevant to the assessment of whether the defendant had a defence.

The appeal was dismissed, and each party was ordered to bear their own costs.

Orders

Orders of the court

1. The appeal is dismissed ; 2. Each party is to pay her and its own costs.

Background

Background to the litigation

Full text does not contain this section.

Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

Full text does not contain this section.

Decision

Reasons for decision

Full text does not contain this section.

Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

Full text does not contain this section.

Citations

AGLC Citation

Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1

Most Recent Citation

Duffy v Trenowden [2010] SADC 152

Cases citing this decision · 32 of 32 shown

Palmer v McGowan (No 5)
[2022] FCA 893

…2) [2021] FCA 1289 Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1; (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 Habib v Nationwide News Pty Ltd (No 2) [2010] NSWCA 291 Hanson‑Young v Leyonhjelm (No 4) [2019] FCA 1981 Hanson-Young v Leyonhjelm (No 5) [2020] FCA 34 Harbour Radio Pty Ltd v Trad [2012] HCA 44; (2012) 247 CLR 31 Hayson v Nationwide News Pty…
Lin v Fairfax Digital Australia and New Zealand Pty Ltd
[2021] QDC 179 Para 13

…lacking in bona fides and cannot therefore form the basis for an award of aggravated damages.[18] [17] Gross v Weston & Anor (2007) 69 NSWLR 279; [2007] NSWCA 1 and Harrigan v Jones [2000] NSWCA 814. [18] Triggell v Pheeney (1951) 82 CLR 497.…
Kapandritis v Nationwide News Pty Ltd (No 2)
[2020] NSWDC 784 Para 6

…tion proceedings, is to set out the facts, matters and circumstances which the plaintiff proposes, by evidence at the trial, to prove: Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1 at [32] – [33]. These particulars cannot merely assert various states of mind on the part of a defendant as conclusions; they must identify the factu…
Omega Plumbing Pty Ltd v Harbour Radio Pty Ltd t/as 2GB and 2GB 873
[2019] NSWSC 1576 Para 17

…elation to the issue of what constitutes malice, my attention was directed to the Court of Appeal’s decision in Gross v Weston (2007) 69 NSWLR 279; [2007] NSWCA 1. That was a case considering the defence of qualified privilege in a defamation case. The defendants submitted, however, that what was said by Hunt AJA…
Clarke v Nursing and Midwifery Council of New South Wales (No. 4)
[2019] NSWDC 659 Para 6

…The requirements for a properly pleaded Reply are set out in Gross v Weston (2007) 69 NSWLR 279, as I noted in my earlier judgment at [9]. It is unnecessary for me to repeat the contents of this decision, as it had been raised on each prior occasion that the deficiencies in the plaintiff’s Reply has come before the co…
Clarke v Nursing and Midwifery Council of New South Wales (No. 2)
[2019] NSWDC 531 Para 9

…eet, so the need for there to be careful particularisation is for the defendant to know the case in defence that has to be met: Gross v Weston [2007] 69 NSWLR 279.…
Raynor v Murray
[2019] NSWDC 189

…3) 201 ALR 77 Jones v Sutton (2003) 61 NSWLR 614 Gair v Greenwood [2017] NSWSC 1652 Goyan v Motyka [2008] NSWCA 28 Gross v Weston (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 Harbour Radio Pty Ltd v Ahmed (2015) 90 NSWLR 695 Hayson v Nationwide News Pty Limited [2019] FCA 81 Kingsfield Holdings Pty Ltd v Rutherford [2016] WASC 117 Loveday v S…
Yuen v Chan
[2019] NSWCA 63 Para 22

…hat the primary judge misstated the principles relating to malice, in referring to the summary of propositions in Gross v Weston (2007) 69 NSWLR 279; [2007] NSWCA 1 at [52] (Hunt AJA, Handley and McColl JJA agreeing), derived from the joint judgment in Roberts v Bass ; nor does the applicant complain that the pri…
Whiting v Herald and Weekly Times Pty Limited
[2018] NSWDC 372 Para 14

…al basis is to be proved). Only in that way will the defendants then know “the issues of fact to be investigated at the hearing” ( Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1 at [32] per Hunt AJA).…
Sum Yuen v Justin Yat-kun Chan
[2018] NSWDC 274 Para 121

…In Gross v Western [2007] 69 NSWLR 279 at [52], Hunt AJA distilled the following relevant principles from the judgment of the High Court of Australia in Roberts v Bass [2002] 212 CLR 1:…
Chow v Un
[2017] NSWDC 254

…Associates Pty Limited [2014] NSWCA 70 Evatt v Nationwide News Pty Ltd t/as Cumberland Newspapers [1999] NSWCA 99 Gross v Weston (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 Guise v Kouvelis (1947) 74 CLR 102 Hockey v Fairfax Media Publications Pty Ltd (2015) 332 ALR 257 Jones v Dunkel (1959) 101 CLR 298 Lindholdt v Hyer [2008] NSWCA 264 Mal…
Accommodation West Pty Ltd v Aikman
[2017] WASC 157

…v Wilson [2016] WASCA 48 Cush v Dillon [2011] HCA 30; (2011) 243 CLR 298 Fierravanti-Wells v Nationwide News Pty Ltd [2010] NSWSC 648 Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1; (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 Guise v Kouvelis [1947] HCA 13; (1947) 74 CLR 102 Harbour Radio v Trad [2012] HCA 44; (2012) 247 CLR 31 Harding v Essey [2005] W…
Zeccola v Fairfax Media Publications Pty Ltd (No 3)
[2015] NSWSC 1007 Para 19

…'s conduct after an event can shed light on their state of mind at the time of the event. Mr Rasmussen cited the judgment of Hunt J in Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1 at [32] as authority for that proposition.…
Bodenstein v Hope Street Urban Compassion
[2014] NSWDC 126

…2011] HCA 30; (2011) 243 CLR 298 French Consulting Pty Ltd v Donald [2011] NSWSC 584 French v Triple M Melbourne Pty Ltd [2006] VSC 36 Gross v Weston (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 Hallam v Ross [2011] QCA 274 Hans Pet Constructions Pty Ltd v Cassar [2009] NSWCA 30 Hughes v National Trustees, Executors and Agency Co of Australia…
Prince v Malouf
[2014] NSWCA 12

…2 All ER 272; [1981] 1 WLR 822 Gray v Chilman [1935] SASR 260 Greek Herald Pty Ltd v Nikolopoulos [2002] NSWCA 41; (2001) 54 NSWLR 165 Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1; (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 Guise v Kouvelis [1947] HCA 13; (1947) 74 CLR 102 Hayward v Thompson [1982] QB 47 Hebditch v Macllwaine [1894] 2 QB 54 Hough v L…
Barrow v Bolt (Ruling No 3)
[2014] VSC 16 Para 1

…of South Australia Inc & Fox Publishing Co Ltd (1981) 27 SASR 540; NRMA Insurance Ltd v Flanagan [1982] 1 NSWLR 585; Gross v Weston and Anor (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 at [32-33]; Hughes v Risbridger & Anor [2009] EWHC 3244 (QB) at [14-16]; Ibrahim v Swansea University [ 2012] EWHC 290 (QB) at [19–20].…
Jenman v McIntyre
[2013] NSWSC 1100 Para 1

…In my view there is force in the plaintiff's complaint on this issue. As explained by Hunt J in Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1, the existence of a state of mind is a fact as to which the party against whom it is pleaded is entitled to know the facts, matters and circumstances relied upon to establish it. The first…
Ell v Milne (No 3)
[2012] NSWSC 985 Para 19

…m which it is to be inferred. If authority were needed for that proposition, it may be found in the decision of the Court of Appeal in Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1 at [32] per Hunt AJA; Handley and McColl JJA agreeing at [1] and [2] respectively.…
Menulog Pty Ltd v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd (No 3)
[2012] NSWSC 908 Para 1

…In my view, the particulars given in the statement of claim suffer from the vice identified in Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1; (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 at [32]: they "merely assert various states of mind on the part of [the defendant] as conclusions". As there stated by Hunt AJA, the defendant is entitled to know "the…
Association of Quality Child Care Centres of NSW v Manefield
[2012] NSWCA 123 Para 1

…Hunt AJA, in Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1, at [52], summarised the principles to be derived from Roberts v Bass in the following propositions:…
Griffin v Kotsifas
[2011] SASC 161 Para 16

…that plea.[8] [8] S, DJ v Channel Seven Adelaide Pty Ltd & Anor White J, 24 April 2008, [2008] SASC 108 at [42] – [43]; Gross v Weston and Another (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 at [29] – [30].…
Born Brands Pty Limited v Nine Network Australia Pty Ltd
[2011] NSWSC 642 Para 1

…d matters which are themselves evidence of a malicious state of mind (such as ill will, bias, prejudice or spite) prompted Hunt AJA in Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1; (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 at [16] to suggest that, rather than asserting that the defendant was "actuated by malice" (a pleading practice expressly endors…
Manefield v Child Care NSW
[2010] NSWSC 1420

…0 NSWLR 511 Weldon & Co v Harbinson [2000] NSWSC 272 Davidson v Barclay's Bank Ltd (1940) 1 All ER 316 Horrocks v Lowe [1975] AC 135 Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1 Carson v John Fairfax & Sons Limited (1993) 178 CLR 44 Jameel v Dow Jones [2005] QB 946 Trigell v Pheeney (1951) 82 CLR 497 PARTIES: Bruce Manefield (P…
Duffy v Trenowden
[2010] SADC 152 Para 1

…t [98]. Further, there is a summary of principles elicited from Roberts by the New South Wales Court of Appeal in Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1 at [42]; see also Gatley 11 th Ed at [17.4].…
Bechara v Bonacorso (No. 4)
[2010] NSWDC 234

…s Pty Ltd v Colten [2007] NSWSC 807 Fraser v Homes [2009] NSWCA 36 Griffith v Australian Broadcasting Corporation [2010] NSWCA 257 Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1 Habib v Nationwide News Pty Ltd [2010] NSWCA 34 Hays Plc v Hartley [2010] EWHC 1068 Hebditch v McIlwaine [1894] 2 QB 54 Horrocks v Lowe [1975] AC 135 Ing…
Dillon v Cush; Dillon v Boland
[2010] NSWCA 165

…[2009] NSWCA 60 Blair v Curran (1939) 62 CLR 464 Clark v Molyneux (1877) 3 QBD 237 Cush v Dillon and Boland v Dillon [2009] NSWDC 21 Gross v Weston (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 Hadid v Australis Media Ltd unreported, NSWSC, Sperling J, 1 November 1996 Roberts v Bass (2002) 212 CLR 1 Toogood v Spyring (1834) 1 Cr M & R 181 PART…
AAMAC Warehousing and Transport Pty Limited v Fairfax Media Publications Pty Limited
[2009] NSWSC 1030

…oadcasting Corporation v O’Neill [2006] HCA 46 Australian Home Loans Limited (t/as Aussie Home loans) v Phillips (1998) 40 IPR 392 Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1 Kaplan v Go Daddy Group [2005] NSWSC 636 Kolback Securities v Epoch Mining NL (1987) 8 NSWLR 533 Palmer Bruyn & Parker Pty Limited v Parsons (2001) 208 C…
Zaetta v Nationwide News Pty Ltd
[2009] NSWSC 508

…LR 221 Cotter v John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd [2001] NSWSC 587 Dennis v Australian Broadcasting Corporation [2008] NSWCA 37 Gross v Weston & Anor [2007] NSWCA 1; (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 Hawke v Tamworth Newspaper Co Ltd [1983] 1 NSWLR 699 Howard v Nationwide Publicity Services [Supreme Court of New South Wales, C…
Webster v Coles Myer Ltd; Thompson v Coles Myer Ltd
[2009] NSWDC 4

…CLR 340 Gray v Motor Accident Commission [1998] HCA 70 Grinham v Willey (1859) 4H&N 496 Gross v Weston (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 Grundeman v Georgeson (Supreme Court of Queensland, Fryberg J, 19 May 1995, unreported) Guise v Kouvelis (1947) 74 CLR 102 Hall v Queensland Newspapers Pty Ltd [2002] 1 Qd R 376 Hayward v Thompso…
Fraser v Holmes
[2009] NSWCA 36 Para 1

…Again, the principles relating to malice have been the subject of recent exposition in this Court particularly in Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1 per Hunt AJA, with whom Handley and McColl JJA agreed, and Lindholdt v Hyer at [136]–[144] per McColl JA.…
Mallik v McGeown
[2008] NSWSC 674

…2005 Uniform Civil Procedure Act 2005 Uniform Civil Procedure Rules 2005 CATEGORY: Procedural and other rulings CASES CITED: Gross v Weston & Anor (2007) 69 NSWLR 279 Northam v Favelle Favco Holdings Pty Ltd (unreported, NSWSC, Bryson J, 7 March 1995) Rex v Associated Northern Collieries (1910) 11 CLR 738 Roberts v B…
Cornish v Langenbach
[2008] NSWDC 84

…adequate particulars provided LEGISLATION CITED: Defamation Act 2005 (NSW), ss 30 and 33 CASES CITED: Ford v Nagle [2004] NSWCA 33 Gross v Weston [2007] NSWCA 1 Gutnick v Dow-Jones & Co Inc [2001] VSC 305 John Pfeiffer Pty Ltd v Rogerson (2003) 203 CLR 503 Papaconstuntinos v Holmes a Court (Supreme Court of NSW,…

View all 32 citing cases →

Cases cited in this decision · 35 of 35 shown

Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd
[2006] NSWCA 343 Para 14

…esource concerning these issues. It has been accepted as authoritative on these issues by this Court in Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd (2003) 60 NSWLR 251 at [11], [16], [25], [83]–[84], [157].…
Ainsworth v Burden
[2005] NSWCA 174

…of defendant’s evidence in s7A hearing. Legislation Cited: Defamation Act 1974 Cases Cited: Adam v Ward [1917] AC 309 Ainsworth v Burden [2005] NSWCA 174 Bailey v FCT (1977) 136 CLR 214 Barrett v Long (1851) 3 HLC 395 [10 ER 154] Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd (2003) 60 NSWLR 251 Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd […
EL-AZZI v Nationwide News Pty Ltd
[2004] NSWSC 1057 Para 29

…o determine on the whole of that evidence whether there is a case to support the Reply. The decision of Levine J in El-Azzi v Nationwide News Pty Ltd [2004] NSWSC 1057, to which both parties referred, was given at the trial in determining whether there was a case to go to the jury on the issues raised by the Reply;…
Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd
[2003] NSWCA 118 Para 14

…undertaken makes it a valuable resource concerning these issues. It has been accepted as authoritative on these issues by this Court in Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd (2003) 60 NSWLR 251 at [11], [16], [25], [83]–[84], [157].…
Roberts v Bass
[2002] HCA 57 Para 14

…ed privilege may be defeated — to be found in the joint judgment of Gaudron, McHugh & Gummow JJ in the decision of the High Court in Roberts v Bass (2002) 212 CLR 1 commencing at [75], which I discuss more fully later in this judgment — it is appropriate, in my view, that some further consideration be given as to w…
Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation
[1997] HCA 25 Para 14

…ces attracting the protection of the constitutional freedom of political communication (see Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520). Kirby J reserved his position on the common law outside such situations. The Chief Justice and the other two justices who participated in Roberts v Bass dealt pr…
Bellino v Australian Broadcasting Corporation
[1996] HCA 47

…el Nine Pty Ltd (2003) 60 NSWLR 251 Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd [No 2] [2006] NSWCA 343 Bellino v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1995) 185 CLR 183 Calwell v Ipec Australia Ltd (1975) 135 CLR 321 Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Thomson (1964) 81 WN (NSW) 553 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Dobson v Morri…
Bellino v Australian Broadcasting Corporation
[1995] HCATrans 174

…(1851) 3 HLC 395 [10 ER 154] Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd (2003) 60 NSWLR 251 Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd [No 2] [2006] NSWCA 343 Bellino v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1995) 185 CLR 183 Calwell v Ipec Australia Ltd (1975) 135 CLR 321 Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Thomson (1964) 81 WN (NSW) 553 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Do…
Walton v The Queen
[1989] HCA 9

…1 Turner v Dalgety & Co Ltd (1952) 69 WN (NSW) 228 Vlasic v Federal Capital Press of Australia Pty Ltd (1976) 9 ACTR 1 Walton v The Queen (1989) 166 CLR 283 Category: Principal judgment Parties: Ernestine Gross (Plaintiff/Appellant) Rae Weston & Macquarie University (Defendants/Respondents) Representation: Counsel: A…
Dare v Pulham
[1982] HCA 70

…5 CLR 183 Calwell v Ipec Australia Ltd (1975) 135 CLR 321 Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Thomson (1964) 81 WN (NSW) 553 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Dobson v Morris (1975) 4 NSWLR 681 Eade v The King (1924) 34 CLR 154 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 El-Azzi v Nationwide News Pty Ltd [2004] NSWSC 10…
Bailey v Federal Commissioner of Taxation
[1977] HCA 11

…A hearing. Legislation Cited: Defamation Act 1974 Cases Cited: Adam v Ward [1917] AC 309 Ainsworth v Burden [2005] NSWCA 174 Bailey v FCT (1977) 136 CLR 214 Barrett v Long (1851) 3 HLC 395 [10 ER 154] Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd (2003) 60 NSWLR 251 Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd [No 2] [2006] NSWCA 343 Bellino v…
Calwell v Ipec Australia Ltd
[1975] HCA 47

…hannel Nine Pty Ltd [No 2] [2006] NSWCA 343 Bellino v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1995) 185 CLR 183 Calwell v Ipec Australia Ltd (1975) 135 CLR 321 Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Thomson (1964) 81 WN (NSW) 553 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Dobson v Morris (1975) 4 NSWLR 681 Eade v The King (1924) 34 C…
Steinberg v Federal Commissioner of Taxation
[1975] HCA 63 Para 67

…R 230 at 241, 244, 245; Hobbs v CT Tinling & Co Ltd [1929] 2 KB 1 at 21; Nominal Defendant v Haslbauer (1967) 117 CLR 448 at 460; Steinberg v FCT (1975) 134 CLR 640 at 684, 694. The plaintiff already has a finding in her favour that the first defendant published the matter complained of.…
Nominal Defendant v Haslbauer
[1967] HCA 14 Para 67

…authority: Scott Fell v Lloyd (1911) 13 CLR 230 at 241, 244, 245; Hobbs v CT Tinling & Co Ltd [1929] 2 KB 1 at 21; Nominal Defendant v Haslbauer (1967) 117 CLR 448 at 460; Steinberg v FCT (1975) 134 CLR 640 at 684, 694. The plaintiff already has a finding in her favour that the first defendant published the matter c…
Tripodi v the Queen
[1961] HCA 22

…116 ER 959] Spill v Maule (1872) LR 4 PC 495 Steinberg v FCT (1975) 134 CLR 640 Thomas v The Queen (1960) 102 CLR 584 Tripodi v The Queen (1961) 104 CLR 1 Turner v Dalgety & Co Ltd (1952) 69 WN (NSW) 228 Vlasic v Federal Capital Press of Australia Pty Ltd (1976) 9 ACTR 1 Walton v The Queen (1989) 166 CLR 283 Catego…
Thomas v The Queen
[1960] HCA 2

…0 Simpson v Robinson (1848) 12 QB 511 [116 ER 959] Spill v Maule (1872) LR 4 PC 495 Steinberg v FCT (1975) 134 CLR 640 Thomas v The Queen (1960) 102 CLR 584 Tripodi v The Queen (1961) 104 CLR 1 Turner v Dalgety & Co Ltd (1952) 69 WN (NSW) 228 Vlasic v Federal Capital Press of Australia Pty Ltd (1976) 9 ACTR 1 Walton…
Mummery v Irvings Pty Ltd
[1956] HCA 45

…1976) 9 ALR 437 Lloyd v Powell Duffryn Steam Coal Co Ltd [1914] AC 733 Mowlds v Ferguson (1939) 40 SR (NSW) 311 Mummery v Irvings Pty Ltd (1956) 96 CLR 99 Nevill v Fine Arts and General Insurance Co Ltd [1895] 2 QB 156 Nominal Defendant v Haslbauer (1967) 117 CLR 448 Philliponi v Leithead (1959) 59 SR (NSW) 353 Re…
Eade v The King
[1924] HCA 9

…ank of Australia Ltd v Thomson (1964) 81 WN (NSW) 553 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Dobson v Morris (1975) 4 NSWLR 681 Eade v The King (1924) 34 CLR 154 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 El-Azzi v Nationwide News Pty Ltd [2004] NSWSC 1057 Emmerton v University of Sydney [1970] 2 NSWR 633 Gross v Weston &…
Kelly v Kelly
[1915] HCA 30

…f Appeal, 13 December 2005, unreported Herald and Weekly Times Ltd v McGregor (1928) 41 CLR 254 Hobbs v CT Tinling & Co Ltd [1929] 2 KB 1 Kelly v Kelly (1950) 50 SR (NSW) 261 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Laughton v Bishop of Sodor and Man (1872) LR 4 PC 495 Leotta v Public Transport Co…
R v Associated Northern Collieries
[1911] HCA 73

…ve; Vaucher v Treasury Solicitor (1888) 40 Ch D 216 Regina v Beserick (1993) 30 NSWLR 510 Regina v Difford & Stokes (1990) 51 A Crim R 25 Rex v Associated Northern Collieries (1910) 11 CLR 738 Roberts v Bass (2002) 212 CLR 1 Scott Fell v Lloyd (1911) 13 CLR 230 Simpson v Robinson (1848) 12 QB 511 [116 ER 959] Spill v Maule (1872) LR 4 PC 495…
Scott Fell v Lloyd
[1911] HCA 34 Para 67

…had by their verdict accepted the facts the first defendant had denied in her evidence. That is the subject of much authority: Scott Fell v Lloyd (1911) 13 CLR 230 at 241, 244, 245; Hobbs v CT Tinling & Co Ltd [1929] 2 KB 1 at 21; Nominal Defendant v Haslbauer (1967) 117 CLR 448 at 460; Steinberg v FCT (1975) 134 CL…
R v Associated Northern Collieries
[1910] HCA 61

…8) 40 Ch D 216 Regina v Beserick (1993) 30 NSWLR 510 Regina v Difford & Stokes (1990) 51 A Crim R 25 Rex v Associated Northern Collieries (1910) 11 CLR 738 Roberts v Bass (2002) 212 CLR 1 Scott Fell v Lloyd (1911) 13 CLR 230 Simpson v Robinson (1848) 12 QB 511 [116 ER 959] Spill v Maule (1872) LR 4 PC 495 Steinberg…
Herald and Weekly Times Limited v McGregor
[1928] HCA 36

…y of Sydney [1970] 2 NSWR 633 Gross v Weston & Anor, Court of Appeal, 13 December 2005, unreported Herald and Weekly Times Ltd v McGregor (1928) 41 CLR 254 Hobbs v CT Tinling & Co Ltd [1929] 2 KB 1 Kelly v Kelly (1950) 50 SR (NSW) 261 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Laughton v Bishop o…
[1929] 2 KB 1
[1929] 2 KB 1 Para 67

…denied in her evidence. That is the subject of much authority: Scott Fell v Lloyd (1911) 13 CLR 230 at 241, 244, 245; Hobbs v CT Tinling & Co Ltd [1929] 2 KB 1 at 21; Nominal Defendant v Haslbauer (1967) 117 CLR 448 at 460; Steinberg v FCT (1975) 134 CLR 640 at 684, 694. The plaintiff already has a finding in he…
[1914] AC 733
[1914] AC 733

…of Sodor and Man (1872) LR 4 PC 495 Leotta v Public Transport Commission of NSW (1976) 9 ALR 437 Lloyd v Powell Duffryn Steam Coal Co Ltd [1914] AC 733 Mowlds v Ferguson (1939) 40 SR (NSW) 311 Mummery v Irvings Pty Ltd (1956) 96 CLR 99 Nevill v Fine Arts and General Insurance Co Ltd [1895] 2 QB 156 Nominal Defen…
[1917] AC 309
[1917] AC 309

…e supplied — relevance of falsity of defendant’s evidence in s7A hearing. Legislation Cited: Defamation Act 1974 Cases Cited: Adam v Ward [1917] AC 309 Ainsworth v Burden [2005] NSWCA 174 Bailey v FCT (1977) 136 CLR 214 Barrett v Long (1851) 3 HLC 395 [10 ER 154] Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd (2003) 60 NSWLR 2…
[1895] 2 QB 156
[1895] 2 QB 156

…C 733 Mowlds v Ferguson (1939) 40 SR (NSW) 311 Mummery v Irvings Pty Ltd (1956) 96 CLR 99 Nevill v Fine Arts and General Insurance Co Ltd [1895] 2 QB 156 Nominal Defendant v Haslbauer (1967) 117 CLR 448 Philliponi v Leithead (1959) 59 SR (NSW) 353 Re Grove; Vaucher v Treasury Solicitor (1888) 40 Ch D 216 Regina v…
[1975] AC 135
[1975] AC 135 Para 47

…strength of the joint judgment’s criticism of those (including myself) who had previously interpreted statements by Lord Diplock in Horrocks v Lowe [1975] AC 135 and statements in other cases as suggesting that an absence of belief in the truth of the matter complained of was sufficient to defeat the defence of…
Edgington v Fitzmaurice
(1885) 29 ChD 459

…td v Thomson (1964) 81 WN (NSW) 553 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Dobson v Morris (1975) 4 NSWLR 681 Eade v The King (1924) 34 CLR 154 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 El-Azzi v Nationwide News Pty Ltd [2004] NSWSC 1057 Emmerton v University of Sydney [1970] 2 NSWR 633 Gross v Weston & Anor, Court of Appeal, 13 Dece…
Laughton v Bishop of Sodor and Man
57 WN 20 Para 27

…on of qualified privilege is relevant to a claim that the publication was actuated by an improper motive on the part of the defendant. In Laughton v Bishop of Sodor and Man (1872) LR 4 PC 495, the Privy Council said (at 508):…
Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Thomson
76 WN 150

…[No 2] [2006] NSWCA 343 Bellino v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1995) 185 CLR 183 Calwell v Ipec Australia Ltd (1975) 135 CLR 321 Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Thomson (1964) 81 WN (NSW) 553 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Dobson v Morris (1975) 4 NSWLR 681 Eade v The King (1924) 34 CLR 154 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459…
Simpson v Robinson
(1848) 12 QB 511

…Associated Northern Collieries (1910) 11 CLR 738 Roberts v Bass (2002) 212 CLR 1 Scott Fell v Lloyd (1911) 13 CLR 230 Simpson v Robinson (1848) 12 QB 511 [116 ER 959] Spill v Maule (1872) LR 4 PC 495 Steinberg v FCT (1975) 134 CLR 640 Thomas v The Queen (1960) 102 CLR 584 Tripodi v The Queen (1961) 104 CLR 1 Turne…
Bailey v FCT
10 ER 154

…ses Cited: Adam v Ward [1917] AC 309 Ainsworth v Burden [2005] NSWCA 174 Bailey v FCT (1977) 136 CLR 214 Barrett v Long (1851) 3 HLC 395 [10 ER 154] Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd (2003) 60 NSWLR 251 Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd [No 2] [2006] NSWCA 343 Bellino v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1995)…
Roberts v Bass
116 ER 959

…rn Collieries (1910) 11 CLR 738 Roberts v Bass (2002) 212 CLR 1 Scott Fell v Lloyd (1911) 13 CLR 230 Simpson v Robinson (1848) 12 QB 511 [116 ER 959] Spill v Maule (1872) LR 4 PC 495 Steinberg v FCT (1975) 134 CLR 640 Thomas v The Queen (1960) 102 CLR 584 Tripodi v The Queen (1961) 104 CLR 1 Turner v Dalgety…
[1989] AC 643
[1989] AC 643

…154 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 El-Azzi v Nationwide News Pty Ltd [2004] NSWSC 1057 Emmerton v University of Sydney [1970] 2 NSWR 633 Gross v Weston & Anor, Court of Appeal, 13 December 2005, unreported Herald and Weekly Times Ltd v McGregor (1928) 41 CLR 254 Hobbs v CT Tinling & Co Ltd [1929]…

Legislation cited in this decision · 1

Defamation Act 1974 (NSW)
1 mention (from Para 8)

Medium Neutral Citation:	Gross v Weston & Anor [2007] NSWCA 1
Hearing dates:	1 September 2006
Decision date:	08 January 2007
Before:	Handley JA at [1]; McColl JA at [2]; Hunt AJA at [3]
Decision:	1. The appeal is dismissed ; 2. Each party is to pay her and its own costs.
Catchwords:	Defamation — qualified privilege — Reply alleging improper motive — content of such Reply — particulars to be supplied — relevance of falsity of defendant’s evidence in s7A hearing.
Legislation Cited:	Defamation Act 1974
Cases Cited:	Adam v Ward [1917] AC 309 Ainsworth v Burden [2005] NSWCA 174 Bailey v FCT (1977) 136 CLR 214 Barrett v Long (1851) 3 HLC 395 [10 ER 154] Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd (2003) 60 NSWLR 251 Bass v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd [No 2] [2006] NSWCA 343 Bellino v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1995) 185 CLR 183 Calwell v Ipec Australia Ltd (1975) 135 CLR 321 Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Thomson (1964) 81 WN (NSW) 553 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Dobson v Morris (1975) 4 NSWLR 681 Eade v The King (1924) 34 CLR 154 Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459 El-Azzi v Nationwide News Pty Ltd [2004] NSWSC 1057 Emmerton v University of Sydney [1970] 2 NSWR 633 Gross v Weston & Anor, Court of Appeal, 13 December 2005, unreported Herald and Weekly Times Ltd v McGregor (1928) 41 CLR 254 Hobbs v CT Tinling & Co Ltd [1929] 2 KB 1 Kelly v Kelly (1950) 50 SR (NSW) 261 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1997) 189 CLR 520 Laughton v Bishop of Sodor and Man (1872) LR 4 PC 495 Leotta v Public Transport Commission of NSW (1976) 9 ALR 437 Lloyd v Powell Duffryn Steam Coal Co Ltd [1914] AC 733 Mowlds v Ferguson (1939) 40 SR (NSW) 311 Mummery v Irvings Pty Ltd (1956) 96 CLR 99 Nevill v Fine Arts and General Insurance Co Ltd [1895] 2 QB 156 Nominal Defendant v Haslbauer (1967) 117 CLR 448 Philliponi v Leithead (1959) 59 SR (NSW) 353 Re Grove; Vaucher v Treasury Solicitor (1888) 40 Ch D 216 Regina v Beserick (1993) 30 NSWLR 510 Regina v Difford & Stokes (1990) 51 A Crim R 25 Rex v Associated Northern Collieries (1910) 11 CLR 738 Roberts v Bass (2002) 212 CLR 1 Scott Fell v Lloyd (1911) 13 CLR 230 Simpson v Robinson (1848) 12 QB 511 [116 ER 959] Spill v Maule (1872) LR 4 PC 495 Steinberg v FCT (1975) 134 CLR 640 Thomas v The Queen (1960) 102 CLR 584 Tripodi v The Queen (1961) 104 CLR 1 Turner v Dalgety & Co Ltd (1952) 69 WN (NSW) 228 Vlasic v Federal Capital Press of Australia Pty Ltd (1976) 9 ACTR 1 Walton v The Queen (1989) 166 CLR 283
Category:	Principal judgment
Parties:	Ernestine Gross (Plaintiff/Appellant) Rae Weston & Macquarie University…