Casey v Cullen Auto Group Pty Ltd

Case [2012] NSWWCCPD 7


WORKERS COMPENSATION COMMISSION
DETERMINATION OF APPEAL AGAINST A DECISION OF THE COMMISSION CONSTITUTED BY AN ARBITRATOR
CITATION: Casey v Cullen Auto Group Pty Ltd [2012] NSWWCCPD 7
APPELLANT: Francis Casey
RESPONDENT: Cullen Auto Group Pty Ltd
INSURER: Employers Mutual NSW Ltd
FILE NUMBER: A1-9446/10
ARBITRATOR: Mr R Caddies
DATE OF ARBITRATOR’S DECISION: 31 August 2011
DATE OF APPEAL DECISION: 14 February 2012
SUBJECT MATTER OF DECISION: Appeals; effect of amendment of Certificate of Determination under slip rule; extension of time to appeal; fresh evidence or additional evidence on appeal; s 352 of the Workplace Injury Management and Workers Compensation Act 1998; whether reconsideration power permits Presidential member to reconsider a decision by an Arbitrator; costs thrown away by adjournment of arbitration
PRESIDENTIAL MEMBER: Deputy President Bill Roche
HEARING: On the papers
REPRESENTATION: Appellant: Walker Legal
Respondent: Stephen Lee Legal

ORDERS MADE ON APPEAL:

1.       Time to appeal is extended until 5 October 2011.

2.       Paragraphs 1 and 2 of the Certificate of Determination dated 31 August 2011, as amended on 7 September 2011, are confirmed.

3.       Paragraph 3 of the Certificate of Determination dated 31 August 2011, as amended on 7 September 2011, is revoked and the following order made in its place:

“3.  The respondent employer is to pay the applicant worker’s costs and disbursements thrown away by the adjournment on 30 March 2011. The applicant’s professional costs are assessed at $1,100 with disbursements relating to travelling expenses for that day to be agreed or assessed.”

4.       Each party is to pay his or its own costs of the appeal.

INTRODUCTION

  1. This appeal concerns:

    (a)     the effect of an amendment of a Certificate of Determination under the slip rule and whether the amendment dates from the date of the original certificate or from the date of the amendment;

    (b)     extension of time to appeal;

    (c)     fresh evidence or additional evidence on appeal and the circumstances in which that evidence will be admitted on appeal;

    (d) whether a Presidential member has power to reconsider an Arbitrator’s decision under s 350(3) of the Workplace Injury Management and Workers Compensation Act 1998 (the 1998 Act), and

    (e)     whether, in circumstances where an applicant worker has failed with his substantive claim for compensation, that applicant is entitled to costs thrown away by an adjournment because of the respondent’s failure to appear on an earlier date.

BACKGROUND

  1. The appellant worker, Francis Casey, started work as a car salesman with the respondent employer, Cullen Auto Group Pty Ltd, in August 2007. He injured his back and knees in the course of his employment on 11 March 2008 when his chair collapsed, causing him to hyperextend his back and causing his knees to hit his desk. He had surgery to his back in the form of a laminectomy in April 2009, performed by Dr Spittaler, neurosurgeon, for which the respondent accepted liability.

  2. On 17 November 2010, he lodged an Application to Resolve a Dispute in the Commission in which he claimed weekly compensation from 28 September…

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AGLC
Casey v Cullen Auto Group Pty Ltd [2012] NSWWCCPD 7
Case
[2012] NSWWCCPD 7
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

In the case of Casey v Cullen Auto Group Pty Ltd, the appellant, Mr. Casey, appealed against a decision made by an Arbitrator under the Workers Compensation Acts. The primary dispute was about the Arbitrator's refusal to reconsider a decision and the associated costs order. The case was heard in the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Mr. Casey argued that the Presidential member had the power to reconsider the Arbitrator’s decision and also challenged the costs order on the basis that it was not properly considered by the Arbitrator.

The court needed to determine whether the reconsideration power under section 350(3) of the 1998 Act could be invoked to reconsider an Arbitrator's decision and if the costs order was properly considered. The appeal process under section 352 of the Act provides a specific method for challenging an Arbitrator's decision, and it was necessary to determine whether this process could be bypassed by invoking the general reconsideration power. Additionally, the court had to assess if the Arbitrator's failure to address the costs issue was an error.

The court found that the reconsideration power under section 350(3) did not permit a Presidential member to review an Arbitrator’s decision. The specific appeal process under section 352 was the designated method for challenging such decisions, and this was exclusive. Therefore, the application for reconsideration was dismissed. The court also found that the Arbitrator had erred in not addressing the costs issue, leading to an order that the respondent employer must pay the appellant’s costs thrown away by the adjournment on 30 March 2011. The court set an assessment for the appellant’s professional costs and disbursements.

The court extended the time to appeal, confirmed certain paragraphs of the Certificate of Determination, revoked another, and ordered the respondent to pay specific costs. Each party was directed to bear their own costs of the appeal.

Orders

Orders of the court

1. Time to appeal is extended until 5 October 2011.

2. Paragraphs 1 and 2 of the Certificate of Determination dated 31 August 2011, as amended on 7 September 2011, are confirmed.

3. Paragraph 3 of the Certificate of Determination dated 31 August 2011, as amended on 7 September 2011, is revoked and the following order made in its place:

“3. The respondent employer is to pay the applicant worker’s costs and disbursements thrown away by the adjournment on 30 March 2011. The applicant’s professional costs are assessed at $1,100 with disbursements relating to travelling expenses for that day to be agreed or assessed.”

4. Each party is to pay his or its own costs of the appeal.

Background

Background to the litigation

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Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

Section 350 provides:“350 Decisions of Commission(1) Except as otherwise provided by this Act, a decision of the Commission under the Workers Compensation Acts is final and binding on the parties and is not subject to appeal or review.(2) A decision of or proceeding before the Commission is not:(a) to be vitiated because of any informality or want of form, or(b) liable to be challenged, appealed against, reviewed, quashed or called into question by any court.(3) The Commission may reconsider any matter that has been dealt with by the Commission and rescind, alter or amend any decision previously made or given by the Commission.” The application for reconsideration is misconceived. The situation is covered by the maxim expressum facit cessare tacitum (what is expressed makes what is implied to cease). Where a particular procedure is designated to achieve something, other procedures are excluded (Statutory Interpretation in Australia, 7th ed, D C Pearce and R Geddes, LexisNexis, 2011, at [4.34]). In Anthony Horden & Sons Ltd v The Amalgamated Clothing and Allied Trades Union of Australia [1932] HCA 9; (1932) 47 CLR 1 at 7, Gavan Duffy and Dixon JJ said:“When the Legislature explicitly gives a power by a particular provision which prescribed the mode in which it shall be exercised and the conditions and restrictions which must be observed, it excludes the operation of general expressions in the same instrument which might otherwise have been relied upon for the same power.” In R v Wallis; Ex parte Employers Association of Wool Selling Brokers [1949] HCA 30; (1949) 78 CLR 529, Dixon J said (at 550):“an enactment in affirmative words appointing a course to be followed usually may be understood as importing a negative, namely, that the same matter is not to be done according to some other course.” In the present matter, the legislation has enacted a specific method and procedure for challenging Arbitrators’ decisions. That method is by way of an appeal to a Presidential member under s 352. Such an appeal is limited to the determination of whether the decision appealed against was or was not affected by any error of fact, law or discretion. It is not open to avoid the express provisions of s 352 by relying on the general reconsideration power in s 350(3). The reconsideration power permits an Arbitrator or Presidential member, in the appropriate case, to reconsider his or her previous decisions. It is not an additional power by which a Presidential member may review an Arbitrator’s decision. That is clear from the words in s 350(1), which expressly provide that “[e]xcept as otherwise provided by this Act, a decision of the Commission … is final and binding on the parties”. The 1998 Act provides a method for challenging Arbitrators’ decisions in s 352 and nowhere else. The application for reconsideration is refused. The appellant has also challenged the Arbitrator’s costs order. The matter had originally been listed for arbitration in Taree on 30 March 2011, when the worker and his legal advisers appeared, but the respondent did not. The matter was listed for arbitration on 19 April 2011. That date was vacated by consent and the matter was ultimately heard on 12 May 2011. At the arbitration, Mr Casey’s counsel raised the question of costs thrown away by the respondent’s failure to appear on 30 March 2011 (T40.49), but the Arbitrator did not deal with it. That was an error.

Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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