FEDERAL CIRCUIT COURT OF AUSTRALIA
| ABASSI & ANOR v MINISTER FOR IMMIGRATION & ANOR | [2019] FCCA 2690 |
| Catchwords: MIGRATION – Administrative Appeals Tribunal – partner (provisional) (class UF) (subclass 309) visa – applicants providing bogus documents or documents that were false or misleading in a material particular to the Minister – whether the Tribunal erred in its consideration of whether to waive the requirements of public interest criterion 4020(1) – whether the Tribunal considered whether there were compelling circumstances affecting the interests of an Australian citizen – whether the Tribunal was obliged to consider s.34 of the Australian Citizenship Act 2007 in determining whether to waive the requirements of public interest criterion 4020(1) – whether the Tribunal made an irrational decision – whether the Tribunal considered all required matters. |
| Legislation: Criminal Code Act 1995, ss.134.1, 134.2, 135.1, 135.2, 135.4, 136.1 Migration Regulations 1994, criterion 4020 of Schedule 4 |
| First Applicant: | NAJIBULLAH ABASSI |
| Second Applicant: | AZIZA HASSANI |
| First Respondent: | MINISTER FOR IMMIGRATION AND BORDER PROTECTION |
| Second Respondent: | ADMINISTRATIVE APPEALS TRIBUNAL |
| File number: | MLG 1539 of 2016 |
| Judgment of: | Judge Riley |
| Hearing date: | 22 June 2018 |
| Date of last submission: | 22 June 2018 |
| Delivered at: | Melbourne |
| Delivered on: | 21 September 2018 |
REPRESENTATION
| Counsel for the applicants: | Angel Aleksov |
| Solicitors for the applicants: | FCG Legal |
| Counsel for the first respondent: | Nick Wood |
| Counsel for the second respondent: | No appearance |
| Solicitors for the respondents: | Sparke Helmore |
ORDERS
The application filed on 20 July 2016 and amended on 22 February 2017 be dismissed.
The applicants pay the first respondent’s costs of the proceeding fixed in the sum of $7,328.
| FEDERAL CIRCUIT COURT AT MELBOURNE |
MLG 1539 of 2016
| NAJIBULLAH ABASSI |
First applicant
And
| AZIZA HASSANI |
Second applicant
And
| MINISTER FOR IMMIGRATION AND BORDER PROTECTION |
First respondent
And
| ADMINISTRATIVE APPEALS TRIBUNAL |
Second respondent
REASONS FOR JUDGMENT
Introduction
This is an application for review of a decision made by the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. In that decision, the Tribunal affirmed a decision of a delegate of the Minister for Immigration and Border Protection not to grant the second applicant a partner (provisional) (class UF) (subclass 309) visa.
The first applicant is the husband of the second applicant. Before the Tribunal, there was a third applicant, Ramazan Ali Abbasi, born on 5 May 2006, who is the son of the first and second applicants. However, there was no attempt for the son to be made a party to these proceedings.
The first applicant was granted a subclass 117 orphan relative visa on 8 May 2007.…
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- AGLC
- Abassi v Minister for Immigration [2019] FCCA 2690
- Case
- [2018] FCCA 2690
- Decision Date
CaseChat Overview and Summary
The central legal issue before the Court was whether the MRT had failed to properly consider the implications of section 34 of the *Australian Citizenship Act 2007* when assessing the waiver of public interest criterion 4020(1). Specifically, the applicants contended that the MRT overlooked the provisions of section 34(2)(b)(iii), which allows for the revocation of citizenship if it was obtained as a result of migration-related fraud, as defined in section 34(6). This definition encompasses convictions for certain offences under the *Criminal Code Act 1995*, including those related to obtaining property or financial advantage by deception, general dishonesty, conspiracy to defraud, and making false or misleading statements in applications.
Judge Riley reasoned that the MRT's decision to refuse the waiver was flawed because it did not adequately consider the statutory framework for revocation of citizenship under the *Australian Citizenship Act 2007*. The Court noted that section 34(6) defines migration-related fraud by reference to specific offences under the *Criminal Code Act 1995*, such as obtaining property by deception (s 134.1), obtaining a financial advantage by deception (s 134.2), and making false or misleading statements in applications (s 136.1). The applicants argued that the first applicant's conduct, which led to the refusal of the waiver, also constituted migration-related fraud under these provisions, and therefore the MRT should have had regard to the potential for citizenship revocation when exercising its discretion under section 34. The Court found that the MRT had failed to engage with this aspect of the legislation, thereby misdirecting itself in law.
Orders
Orders of the court
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Background
Background to the litigation
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Evidence
Evidence Before The Court
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Decision
Reasons for decision
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Ratio Decidendi
Legal Principle Established
The applicants argued that the Tribunal’s refusal to waive the requirements of public interest criterion 4020(1) was dominated by the first applicant’s deceit in obtaining his orphan relative visa and then Australian citizenship. However, in considering the question of waiver, the applicants argued that the Tribunal failed to have regard to s.34 of the Australian Citizenship Act 2007, which relevantly provided:34. Revocation by Minister—offences or fraud…(2)The Minister may, by writing, revoke a person’s Australian citizenship if:…(b) any of the following apply:…(iii)the person obtained the Minister’s approval to become an Australian citizen as a result of migration‑related fraud within the meaning of subsection (6); ……(6) For the purposes of this section, a person obtained the Minister’s approval to become an Australian citizen as a result of migration‑related fraud if and only if:(a) at any time, the person was convicted of an offence against: …(ii) section 134.1, 134.2, 135.1, 135.2, 135.4 or 136.1 of the Criminal Code;that the person committed at any time before the Minister gave the approval; and(b) the act or omission that constituted the offence was connected with the person’s entry into Australia or the grant to the person of a visa or of a permission to enter and remain in Australia. The Criminal Code Act 1995 relevantly provided:134.1Obtaining property by deception(1) A person is guilty of an offence if:(a) the person, by a deception, dishonestly obtains property belonging to another with the intention of permanently depriving the other of the property; and(b) the property belongs to a Commonwealth entity.Penalty: Imprisonment for 10 years.…134.2 Obtaining a financial advantage by deception(1)A person is guilty of an offence if:(a) the person, by a deception, dishonestly obtains a financial advantage from another person; and(b) the other person is a Commonwealth entity.Penalty: Imprisonment for 10 years.…135.1General dishonestyObtaining a gain(1) A person is guilty of an offence if:(a) the person does anything with the intention of dishonestly obtaining a gain from another person; and(b) the other person is a Commonwealth entity.Penalty: Imprisonment for 5 years.… 135.2 Obtaining financial advantage(1) A person is guilty of an offence if:(a) the person engages in conduct; and(aa) as a result of that conduct, the person obtains a financial advantage for himself or herself from another person; and(ab) the person knows or believes that he or she is not eligible to receive that financial advantage; and(b) the other person is a Commonwealth entity.Penalty: Imprisonment for 12 months.…135.4 Conspiracy to defraudObtaining a gain(1) A person is guilty of an offence if:(a) the person conspires with another person with the intention of dishonestly obtaining a gain from a third person; and(b) the third person is a Commonwealth entity.Penalty: Imprisonment for 10 years.…136.1False or misleading statements in applicationsKnowledge(1) A person is guilty of an offence if:(a) the person makes a statement (whether orally, in a document or in any other way); and(b) the person does so knowing that the statement:(i) is false or misleading; or(ii) omits any matter or thing without which the statement is misleading; and(c) the statement is made in, or in connection with:(i) an application for a licence, permit or authority; or(ii) an application for registration; or(iii) an application or claim for a benefit; and(d) any of the following subparagraphs applies:(i) the statement is made to a Commonwealth entity;(ii) the statement is made to a person who is exercising powers or performing functions under, or in connection with, a law of the Commonwealth;(iii) the statement is made in compliance or purported compliance with a law of the Commonwealth.Penalty: Imprisonment for 12 months.(1A)Absolute liability applies to each of the subparagraph (1)(d)(i), (ii) and (iii) elements of the offence.(2)Subsection (1) does not apply as a result of subparagraph (1)(b)(i) if the statement is not false or misleading in a material particular.Note: A defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matter in subsection (2). See subsection 13.3(3).(3)Subsection (1) does not apply as a result of subparagraph (1)(b)(ii) if the statement did not omit any matter or thing without which the statement is misleading in a material particular.Note: A defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matter in subsection (3). See subsection 13.3(3).…