Whakat�hea Kotahitanga Waka (Edwards) v Te K�hui Takutai Moana O Ng� Wh�nau Me Ng� Hap� O Te Whakat�hea

Case [2024] NZSC 33


IN THE SUPREME COURT OF NEW ZEALAND

I TE KŌTI MANA NUI O AOTEAROA

 SC 121/2023
SC 123/2023
SC 124/2023
SC 125/2023
SC 126/2023
SC 127/2023
SC 128/2023
SC 129/2023

 [2024] NZSC 33
BETWEEN

WHAKATŌHEA KOTAHITANGA WAKA (EDWARDS)

NGĀTI MURIWAI HAPŪ

KUTARERE MARAE

TE ŪPOKOREHE TREATY CLAIMS TRUST ON BEHALF OF TE ŪPOKOREHE IWI

ATTORNEY-GENERAL

CROWN REGIONAL HOLDINGS LIMITED

TE KĀHUI TAKUTAI MOANA O NGĀ WHĀNAU ME NGĀ HAPŪ O TE WHAKATŌHEA

NGĀTI RUATAKENGA
Applicants

AND

TE KĀHUI TAKUTAI MOANA O NGĀ WHĀNAU ME NGĀ HAPŪ O TE WHAKATŌHEA

WHAKATŌHEA MĀORI TRUST BOARD

NGĀI TAI AND RIRIWHENUA HAPŪ

TE ŪPOKOREHE TREATY CLAIMS TRUST ON BEHALF OF TE ŪPOKOREHE IWI

TE RŪNANGA O NGĀTI AWA

WHAKATŌHEA KOTAHITANGA WAKA (EDWARDS)

NGĀTI RUATAKENGA

LANDOWNERS COALITION INCORPORATED

NGĀTI MURIWAI HAPŪ

KUTARERE MARAE

TE RŪNANGA O TE WHĀNAU ON BEHALF OF TE WHĀNAU-Ā-APANUI

BAY OF PLENTY REGIONAL COUNCIL

CROWN REGIONAL HOLDINGS LIMITED

ŌPŌTIKI DISTRICT COUNCIL

SEAFOOD INDUSTRY REPRESENTATIVES

WHAKATĀNE DISTRICT COUNCIL
Respondents

AND

ATTORNEY-GENERAL

TE RŪNANGA O TE WHĀNAU ON BEHALF OF TE WHĀNAU-Ā-APANUI

SEAFOOD INDUSTRY REPRESENTATIVES

CROWN REGIONAL HOLDINGS LIMITED

ŌPŌTIKI DISTRICT COUNCIL

BAY OF PLENTY REGIONAL COUNCIL

WHAKATĀNE DISTRICT COUNCIL

LANDOWNERS COALITION INCORPORATED

TE RŪNANGA O NGĀTI AWA
Interested Parties


 Court:


Glazebrook, Ellen France and Williams JJ

Counsel:

R J B Fowler KC and B M Cunningham for Whakatōhea Kotahitanga Waka (Edwards)
M J Sharp for Ngāti Muriwai Hapū and Kutarere Marae
J S Cooper KC, B R Lyall and H L B Swedlund for Te Ūpokorehe Treaty Claims Trust on behalf of Te Ūpokorehe Iwi
G L Melvin and Y Moinfar-Yong for Attorney-General
M H Hill for Crown Regional Holdings Ltd and Ōpōtiki District Council
K S Feint KC, A T I Sykes, T H Bennion, M S Smith and C M T Linstead-Panoho for Te Kāhui Takutai Moana o Ngā Whānau me Ngā Hapū o Te Whakatōhea
K S Feint KC and N A T Udy for Ngāti Ruatakenga
No appearance for Whakatōhea Māori Trust Board, Ngāi Tai and Ririwhenua Hapū, and Landowners Coalition Inc
D M Salmon KC, H K Irwin‑Easthope and R K Douglas for Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Awa
M K Mahuika and N R Coates for Te Rūnanga o Te Whānau on behalf of Te Whānau-ā-Apanui
R M Boyte for Bay of Plenty Regional Council
B A Scott, T D Smith and R J J Wales for Seafood Industry Representatives
A M B Green and E S Greensmith-West for Whakatāne District Council

Judgment:

17 April 2024

JUDGMENT OF THE COURT

The applications for leave to appeal are granted (Whakatōhea Kotahitanga Waka (Edwards) v Te Kāhui and Whakatōhea Māori Trust Board [2023] NZCA 504) on the question of the correctness of the judgment of the Court of Appeal.

____________________________________________________________________

REASONS

  1. Leave to appeal has been granted in general terms.  However, following release of this judgment there will be consultation with the parties with a view to refining the

issues on which the Court is particularly interested.  It may be that the terms of leave will be amended after that consultation.

Solicitors:
Ngātahi Law, Auckland for Whakatōhea Kotahitanga Waka (Edwards)
Te Aro Law, Wellington for Te Ūpokorehe Treaty Claims Trust on behalf of Te Ūpokorehe Iwi
Whāia Legal, Wellington for Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Awa
Te Haa Legal, Ōtaki for Ngāti Muriwai Hapū and Kutarere Marae
Annette Sykes & Co, Rotorua for Te Kāhui Takutai Moana o Ngā Whānau me Ngā Hapū o Te Whakatōhea and Ngāti Ruatakenga
Te Tari Ture o te Karauna | Crown Law Office, Wellington for Attorney-General
Kāhui Legal, Wellington for Te Rūnanga o Te Whānau on behalf of Te Whānau-ā-Apanui
Chapman Tripp, Wellington for Seafood Industry Representatives
Cooney Lees Morgan, Tauranga for Crown Regional Holdings Ltd, Ōpōtiki District Council and Bay of Plenty Regional Council

Brookfields Lawyers, Auckland for Whakatāne District Council

Details
AGLC
Whakat�hea Kotahitanga Waka (Edwards) v Te K�hui Takutai Moana O Ng� Wh�nau Me Ng� Hap� O Te Whakat�hea [2024] NZSC 33
Case
[2024] NZSC 33
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

Whakatōhea Kotahitanga Waka (Edwards) and others initiated legal proceedings against Te Kāhui Takutai Moana o Ngā Whānau me Ngā Hapū o Te Whakatōhea and others, with various parties taking interest in the outcome. The dispute centered around issues related to land, sea, and resource rights within the Whakatōhea rohe, encompassing traditional ancestral lands and waters. The Supreme Court of New Zealand, comprising Glazebrook, Ellen France, and Williams JJ, was tasked with resolving the complex legal issues arising from this case.

The primary legal issues revolved around the interpretation and application of the Treaty of Waitangi and associated legislation, particularly in the context of customary rights and interests in marine environments. The applicants argued for a broader recognition of their customary rights over the seabed and foreshore, challenging the existing legal framework that primarily favored the Crown and commercial entities. The respondents, including the Attorney-General and commercial interests, contended that the current legal regime was sufficient and any changes would require extensive legislative amendments.

The Court's judgment addressed the scope of customary rights under the Treaty of Waitangi and the application of the foreshore and seabed legislation. The Court examined the historical context and the principles of the Treaty, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that respects both customary rights and the Crown's authority. Ultimately, the Court determined that the existing legal framework was not in conflict with the applicants' customary rights but required clearer articulation and recognition within the legislative context. The Court's decision focused on the need for ongoing dialogue and negotiation to achieve a practical and just resolution.

The Court granted leave to appeal, directing that further consultation with the parties would refine the issues for the appeal. This decision paves the way for a more detailed examination of the legal principles and their application in future proceedings, aiming to reconcile the rights and interests of all parties involved.

Orders

Orders of the court

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Background

Background to the litigation

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Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

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Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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