Zhivkov v Queensland Building and Construction Commission

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QUEENSLAND CIVIL AND
ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL


CITATION:

Zhivkov v Queensland Building and Construction Commission  [2025] QCAT 387

PARTIES:

DIMITAR ZHIVKOV

(applicant)

v

QUEENSLAND BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION COMMISSION

(respondent)

APPLICATION NO/S:

GAR370-24

MATTER TYPE:

General administrative review matters

DELIVERED ON:

8 October 2025

HEARING DATE:

Heard on the papers

HEARD AT:

Brisbane

DECISION OF:

Member McLean-Williams

ORDERS:

1.     The Tribunal affirms the decision under review dated 30 June 2025.

2. The Queensland Building and Construction Commission was entitled to deduct the insurance premium amount under s 68H(4)(a) of the Queensland Building and Construction Commission Act 1991 (Qld).

3.     The Respondent is to pay the Applicant $379.50 within 14 days of the date of these orders.

CATCHWORDS:

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW – ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNALS – QUEENSLAND CIVIL AND ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL – where applicant sought external review of a decision in relation to the liability amount under the Home Warranty Insurance Scheme – substantial matters in dispute conceded by respondent – entitlement of respondent to require payment of premium by homeowner/applicant prior to entitlement to payment of claim under the Home Warrant Scheme – entitlement of applicant to costs

Queensland Building and Construction Commission Act 1991 (Qld), s 68A, s 68B, s 68H

Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act 2009 (Qld), s 21, 102

Limbu & Limbu v Austyle Building Pty Ltd [2023] QCAT 89

APPEARANCES & REPRESENTATION:

This matter was heard and determined on the papers pursuant to s 32 of the Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act2009 (Qld)

REASONS FOR DECISION

Background

  1. On 23 June 2023 Dimitar Konstantinov Zhivkov (‘the Applicant’), entered into a fixed price contract with a QBCC-registered contractor “Cre8tive Construction Group Pty Ltd” (‘the Contractor’) for domestic building work, in the sum of $12,437.50.

  2. In late June 2023, the Applicant paid a further 35% of the contract sum ($4,353) at the Contractor’s request (ostensibly for materials), in the expectation that site works would commence in the third week of July 2023.  However site works did not ever commence.

  3. On 2 February 2024 the Contractor’s licence was cancelled, and on 1 March 2024 the Contractor went into liquidation.  

  4. On 1 March 2024 the Applicant lodged a “Non-Completion” claim with the Respondent (‘QBCC’) under the statutory Home Warranty Scheme. 

  5. On 8 March 2024 the QBCC declined the claim, on the basis the work was assessed by the QBCC not to be primary insurable work (‘original decision’).

  6. On 28 March 2024 the Applicant applied to the QBCC for an internal review of the original decision. Pursuant to s 86C(3) of the Queensland Building and Construction Commission Act 1991 (Qld) (‘QBCC Act’), on 30 April 2024 the QBCC was deemed to have made a decision, confirming the original decision (‘reviewable decision’).

  7. On 24 May 2024 the Applicant commenced an application to review in this Tribunal, pursuant to sections 86(1)(h), 86E, and 87 of the QBCC Act.

  8. On 1 May 2025 the QBCC filed an application for directions. Amongst other things, the QBCC…

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Details
Case
[2025] QCAT 387
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

The case of Zhivkov v Queensland Building and Construction Commission concerns a dispute between the applicant, Zhivkov, and the Queensland Building and Construction Commission (QBCC) regarding the liability amount under the Home Warranty Insurance Scheme. Zhivkov sought external review of a decision made by the QBCC, which had declined a claim under the scheme on the basis that the work in question was not primary insurable work. Following an internal review by the QBCC and subsequent directions from the Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal (QCAT), the QBCC revised its decision to allow the claim by Zhivkov. However, as a condition of payment, the QBCC required Zhivkov to pay an insurance premium, which Zhivkov did under protest. Zhivkov then sought a review of the decision in QCAT, arguing that the QBCC was not entitled to require the payment of the premium and that he was entitled to costs.

The legal issues before the court were whether the QBCC was entitled to require payment of the insurance premium by Zhivkov as a precondition to payment of the claim under the Home Warranty Insurance Scheme, and whether Zhivkov was entitled to costs for the proceedings. The court needed to interpret the relevant provisions of the Queensland Building and Construction Commission Act 1991 (Qld) and the Queensland Building and Construction Commission Regulation 2018 (Qld), and consider whether the QBCC's actions were consistent with these provisions.

The court found that the QBCC was entitled to require the payment of the insurance premium by Zhivkov under section 68H(4)(a) of the QBCC Act. The court noted that section 68H(4)(a) explicitly allows the QBCC to require the payment of an insurance premium as a condition of payment of a claim under the Home Warranty Insurance Scheme. The court also found that Zhivkov was entitled to costs for the proceedings, as the QBCC had conceded substantial matters in dispute. The court ordered the QBCC to pay Zhivkov $379.50 within 14 days of the date of the orders.

The court's decision affirmed the revised decision of the QBCC to allow Zhivkov's claim under the Home Warranty Insurance Scheme, while also clarifying the circumstances in which the QBCC may require payment of an insurance premium as a condition of payment. The court's orders ensure that Zhivkov is compensated for the costs incurred in pursuing the review of the QBCC's decision.

Orders

Orders of the court

1. The Tribunal affirms the decision under review dated 30 June 2025.

2. The Queensland Building and Construction Commission was entitled to deduct the insurance premium amount under s 68H(4)(a) of the Queensland Building and Construction Commission Act 1991 (Qld).

3. The Respondent is to pay the Applicant $379.50 within 14 days of the date of these orders.

Background

Background to the litigation

Full text does not contain this section.

Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

Full text does not contain this section.

Decision

Reasons for decision

On 8 March 2024 the QBCC declined the claim, on the basis the work was assessed by the QBCC not to be primary insurable work (‘original decision’). On 28 March 2024 the Applicant applied to the QBCC for an internal review of the original decision. Pursuant to s 86C(3) of the Queensland Building and Construction Commission Act 1991 (Qld) (‘QBCC Act’), on 30 April 2024 the QBCC was deemed to have made a decision, confirming the original decision (‘reviewable decision’). On 24 May 2024 the Applicant commenced an application to review in this Tribunal, pursuant to sections 86(1)(h), 86E, and 87 of the QBCC Act. On 1 May 2025 the QBCC filed an application for directions. Amongst other things, the QBCC sought that the Tribunal make a direction pursuant to s 23(1) of the Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act 2009 (Qld) (‘QCAT Act’) inviting the QBCC to reconsider the reviewable decision. On 19 May 2025 the Tribunal issued directions, including that the QBCC reconsider the reviewable decision. On 30 June 2025 the QBCC set aside the reviewable decision, and in lieu thereof made a fresh decision, to allow the claim by the Applicant under the Home Warranty Scheme. Pursuant to the fresh decision, the QBCC determined that in the case of works not started, the Applicant was entitled under the terms of the Home Warranty Scheme to 10% of the contract amount for works valued at under $20,000; thus making for an eligibility amount of $1,243.75. On 2 July 2025 the QBCC issued a notice of cover to the Applicant with a premium of $279.05. By correspondence with the Applicant over the period between 3 and 8 July 2025, the QBCC required that the Applicant either pay (or agree to have deducted) that premium amount, as a precondition to the QBCC making payment of the eligibility amount under the Home Warranty Scheme. Under protest, the Applicant acceded to payment of $963.95 in lieu of the eligibility amount. On the basis of matters conceded by the QBCC in its submissions dated 4 August 2025, the following matters are now uncontentious:(a)The Applicant is a “consumer” under s 67WA of the QBCC Act.(b)The works to be performed by the Contractor were works to be carried out under a “fixed price residential contract”.(c)The works were “primary insurable work” under ss 67WA, 67WC(1)(e) of the QBCC Act, and under s 27(d) of the Queensland Building and Construction CommissionRegulation2018 (Qld), amounting to “residential construction work”.(d)The contract came to an end on 1 March 2024, within two years after the day on which it had been entered into between the Applicant and the Contractor.(e)For purposes of s 71F of the QBCC Act, residential construction work had not been started at the time when the contract came to an end.(f)Pursuant to s 5(2) of the terms applicable to the statutory insurance scheme the Applicant is entitled to claim the amount of the “insurable deposit”.(g)Pursuant to s 5(4)(c) of the terms applicable to the statutory insurance scheme the “insurable deposit” is 10% of the contract amount.

Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

Full text does not contain this section.