Vehicle Standard (Australian Design Rule 13/00 â€“ Installation of Lighting and Light Signalling Devices on other than L-Group Vehicles) 2005 Amendment 6 (Cth)

Vehicle Standard (Australian Design Rule 13/00 – Installation of Lighting and Light Signalling Devices on other than L-Group Vehicles) 2005 Amendment 6

I, PAUL FLETCHER, Minister for Urban Infrastructure, determine this vehicle standard under section 7 of the Motor Vehicle Standards Act 1989.

Dated 08/11/2017

(SIGNED)

PAUL FLETCHER

Minister for Urban Infrastructure

CONTENTS

LEGISLATIVE PROVISIONS

AMENDMENT OF VEHICLE STANDARD

SCHEDULE 1

LEGISLATIVE PROVISIONS

1.1.Name of Legislative Instrument

1.1.1.This instrument is the Vehicle Standard (Australian Design Rule 13/00 – Installation of Lighting and Light Signalling Devices on other than L-Group Vehicles) 2005 Amendment 6.

1.2.Commencement

1.2.1.This instrument commences on the day after it is registered.

AMENDMENT OF VEHICLE STANDARD

2.1.The changes specified in Schedule 1 amend Vehicle Standard (Australian Design Rule 13/00 – Installation of Lighting and Light Signalling Devices on other than L-Group Vehicles) 2005, and the changes specified in Schedule 2 amend Vehicle Standard (Australian Design Rule 13/00 – Installation of Lighting and Light Signalling Devices on other than L-Group Vehicles) 2005 Appendix A.

SCHEDULE 1

Renumber clause 0.1 to clause 1.

Renumber clauses 0.1.1. and 0.1.2. to clauses 1.1. and 1.2.

Renumber clause 0.2 to clause 2.

Renumber clause 0.2.1. to clause 2.1.

Renumber clauses 1 to 9, clauses 3 to 11.

Amend clauses 5.1. and 5.2. to read:

“5.1. For vehicle categories, definitions and meanings used in this standard, refer to:

5.2. Definitions in Appendix A of this standard; and where there is no conflict”

Insert clause 5.3. to read:

“5.3. Vehicle Standard (Australian Design Rule – Definitions and Vehicle Categories) 2005.”

Delete and replace clause 7.2. with:

“7.2. The requirements of the following paragraphs of Appendix A are not applicable to this vehicle standard:

7.2.1. 6.1.7 6 (concealable headlamps);

7.2.2. 6.1.9 (aggregated maximum intensity).

Delete and replace clause 7.3. with:

“7.3. For vehicles fitted with filament headlamps, the requirements of the following paragraphs in Appendix A are not applicable:

7.3.1. 6.2.6.1 (Vertical orientation for dipped beam);

7.3.2. 6.2.6.2 (Headlamp levelling) and

7.3.3. 6.2.6.3 (Measuring procedure).”

Delete clause 7.5.

Renumber clause 7.6. to clause 7.5.

Amend clause 7.5. to read:

“7.5 For front position lamps, manufacturers may choose not to meet the requirements of paragraph 6.9.1 of Appendix A, in which case they must meet the requirements in clause 8.3. of this standard.”

Insert new clause 7.6. to read:

“7.6. Backlit badges that meet the following requirements are not considered lamps under this rule:

7.6.1. The light source is integrated with the logo/badge;

7.6.2. The colour of the light source is:

7.6.2.1. White to front;

7.6.2.2. Amber to sides; or

7.6.2.3. Red to the rear;

7.6.3. The light source is not more than 60 candela;

7.6.4. The light source does not flash;

7.6.5. The badge and light source are fitted more than 200mm from the nearest lamp;

7.6.6. The light emitted does not cause discomfort to the driver either directly or indirectly through the devices for indirect vision and/or other reflecting surfaces of the vehicle;

7.6.7. The size of the light source is within the dimensions of the badge or logo and not overly large so as to affect the prominence of other mandatory lamps; and

7.6.8. The light source is connected such that it can only be illuminated while the front position lamps are illuminated.”

Delete clause 7.7. and replace with:

“7.7. References to UN regulations for lighting components in the table below are to be read as references to the ADRs as set out in the table below. Where there is no referenced ADR, the UN regulation referenced in the table shall apply.

UN R 48 Clause	Title	UN R/s it references	Equivalent ADR/s
6.1.	Main-Beam Headlamps	Regulations Nos. 98 and 112	ADRs 46/00 and 77/00
6.2.	Dipped-Beam Headlamps	Regulations Nos. 98 and 112	ADRs 46/00 and 77/00
6.3.	Front Fog Lamps	Regulation No. 19	ADR 50/00
6.4.	Reversing Lamp	Regulation No. 23	ADR 1/00
6.5.	Direction Indicator Lamp	Regulation No. 6	ADR 6/00
6.7.	Stop Lamp	Regulation No. 7	ADR 49/00
6.8.	Rear Registration Plate Lamp	Regulation No. 4	ADR 48/00
6.9.	Front Position Lamp	Regulation No. 7	ADR 49/00
6.10.	Rear Position Lamp	Regulation No. 7	ADR 49/00
6.11.	Rear Fog Lamp	Regulation No. 38	ADR 52/00
6.12.	Parking Lamp	Regulation No. 77 or 7	ADR 86/00
6.13.	End-Outline Marker Lamp	Regulation No. 7	ADR 49/00
6.14.	Rear Retro-reflector, non-triangular	Regulation No. 3	ADR 47/00
6.15.	Rear Retro-reflector, triangular	Regulation No. 3	ADR 47/00
6.16.	Front Retro-reflector, non-triangular	Regulation No. 3	ADR 47/00
6.17.	Side Retro-reflector, non-triangular	Regulation No. 3	ADR 47/00
6.18.	Side Marker Lamp	Regulation No. 91	ADR 74/00
6.19.	Daytime Running Lamp	Regulation No. 87	ADR 76/00
6.20.	Cornering Lamp	Regulation No. 119	ADR 87/00
6.21.	Conspicuity Markings	Regulation No. 104	Approval to UNECE R 104
6.22.	Adaptive Front lighting Systems	Regulation No. 123	Approval to UNECE R 123
6.26.	Manoeuvring lamps	Regulation No. 23	Approval to UNECE R 23

“

Delete Table 1 and replace with:

“ Table 1

LAMP	COLOUR OF EMITTED LIGHT	Component Rule
Main-beam headlamp	White	46/00 or 77/00
Dipped-beam headlamp	White	46/00 or 77/00
Front fog lamp	White or selective yellow	50/00
Reversing lamp	White	1/00
Direction-indicator lamp	Amber	6/00
Hazard warning signal	Amber	6/00
Stop lamp	Red	49/00
Centre high-mounted stop lamp	Red	49/00 or 60/00
Emergency stop signal	Amber or red	6/00, 49/00 or 60/00
Rear-end collision alert signal	Amber	6/00
Rear registration plate lamp	White	48/00
Front position lamp	White. The front position lamp may be amber in colour if the lamp is “combined” with a “Side Marker Lamp” as defined in paragraph 2.7.5 of Appendix A to this vehicle standard, or when fitted to a TD (04) category trailer.	49/00
Rear position lamp	Red	49/00
Rear fog lamp	Red	52/00
Parking lamp	White in front, red at the rear, amber if reciprocally incorporated with side –direction-indicators or side marker lamps.	6/00 & 49/00
Side-marker lamp	Amber to the front, red to the rear. For side-marker lamps complying with ADR 74/00 and fitted according to paragraph 6.18 of Appendix A of this vehicle standard, the lamp must emit amber light to the front and rear except for the rearmost lamp which may emit red light.	74/00 or 45/01
End-outline marker lamp	White or amber to the front, red to the rear.	49/00
Daytime running lamp	White	76/00
Rear retro-reflector, non triangular	Red	47/00
Rear retro-reflector, triangular	Red	47/00
Front retro-reflector, non triangular	Incidental to incident light (also known as white or colourless retro-reflector).	47/00
Side retro-reflector, non triangular	Amber: however the rearmost side retro-reflector can be red if it is grouped or has part of the light emitting surface in common with the rear position lamp, the rear end-outline marker lamp, the rear fog lamp, the stop lamp, the red rearmost side-marker lamp or the rear retro-reflector, non-triangular.	47/00
Conspicuity marking	White to the front, white or yellow to the side, red or yellow to the rear.	Approval to UNECE R 104
Adaptive Front lighting Systems	White	Approval to UNECE R 123
Exterior courtesy lamp	White	-
External cabin lamp:	Amber	45/01
Manoeuvring lamp	White	UN R 23

“

Amend clause 8.1.1. to read:

“8.1.1. In addition to the lamps specified in paragraph 5.16 of Appendix A, vehicles may be equipped with those lamps specified in part 9 of this standard.”

Amend clause 8.1.6. to read:

“8.1.6. In addition to the main-beam headlamps in paragraph 6.1 of Appendix A, driving lamp(s) up to a maximum of four may be installed, in which case the requirements of clause 9.3 of this standard must be met.”

Amend clause 9.1.3. to read:

“9.1.3. Arrangement: see clauses 9.1.4 and 9.1.4.3.”

Amend 9.2.1. to read:

“9.2.1. Presence: see clause 7.4”

Amend clause 9.2.2. to read:

“9.2.2. Number: Lamps complying with ADR 74/00 clause 5.1.2. are to be fitted according to the following Arrangement. Alternatively, lamps complying with ADR 74/00 Appendix A and fitted according to paragraph 6.18 of Appendix A of this standard are deemed to comply.”

Amend clause 9.2.4.3. to read:

“9.2.4.3. In length: According to the arrangement of clause 79.2.3.

That point on the illuminating surface which is farthest from the vehicle’s median longitudinal plane must:”

Amend clause 9.2.4.3.4. to read:

“9.2.4.3.4. Where it would be reasonably impracticable for constructional reasons to comply with the requirements of clauses 9.2.4.3.1 and/or 9.2.4.3.2 and 9.2.4.3.3, be as close as possible to the front and/or rear respectively, provided that where the distance between the front and rear lamps would then be less than 2.5 metres, only the rearmost pair of lamps need be fitted.”

Amend clause 9.3.4.3. to read:

“9.3.4.3. In length: At the front of the vehicle. This requirement shall be deemed to be satisfied if the light emitted does not cause discomfort to the driver either directly or indirectly through the devices for indirect vision and/or other reflecting surfaces of the vehicle.”

Amend clause 9.3.9. to read:

“9.3.9 Other requirements:

None.”

Delete clause 9.4. and subclauses.

Delete clause 10.2.2. and replace with:

“10.2.2. For stop lamp requirements on a TA (O1) category trailer having an overall width not exceeding 980 mm, manufacturers may choose to comply with:

10.2.2.1. the provision under paragraph 6.7 of Appendix A of this standard with additional position requirements to the options in paragraph 6.7.4.1, such that the distance between the inner edges of the two apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis shall not be less than 180 mm; or

10.2.2.2. the provisions for stop lamps in ADR 19/02 Appendix A, paragraph 6.4.”

Amend clause 10.3.1. to read:

“10.3.1. Presence: see clause 7.6 of this standard.”

Amend clause 10.3.1.3. to read:

“10.3.1.3. Mandatory on trailers over 1,600 mm to 1,800 mm wide and over 4 metres in length unless two side marker lamps complying with the requirements of ADR 45/... are fitted to the side of the trailer and positioned in accordance with clauses 9.2.1 and 9.2.2 of this vehicle standard or side marker lamps complying with ADR 74/... are fitted according to paragraph 6.18 of Appendix A of this vehicle standard.”

Amend clause 10.3.1.5. to read:

“10.3.1.5. Mandatory on trailers over 1,800 mm wide unless 2 side marker lamps complying with the requirements of ADR 45/… are fitted to the side of the trailer and positioned in accordance with clauses 9.2.1 and 9.2.2 of this vehicle standard or side marker lamps complying with ADR 74/… are fitted according to paragraph 6.18 of Appendix A of this vehicle standard.”

Delete clause 10.9.1. and replace with:

“10.9.1. For rear position lamp requirements on a TA (O1) category trailer having an overall width not exceeding 980 mm, manufacturers may choose to comply with;

10.9.1.1. the provisions of paragraph 6.10 of Appendix A of this standard with additional position requirements to the options in paragraph 6.10.4.1, such that the distance between the inner edges of the two apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis shall be not less than 180 mm; or

10.9.1.2. the provisions for rear position lamps in ADR 19/02, Appendix A, paragraph 6.7.”

Delete clause 10.10.1. and replace with:

“10.10.1. For rear retro-reflector, non-triangular, requirements on a TA (O1) category trailer having an overall width not exceeding 980 mm, manufacturers may choose to comply with;

10.10.1.1. the provisions of paragraph 6.14 of Appendix A of this standard with additional position requirement to the options in paragraph 6.14.4.1, such that the distance between the inner edges of the two apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis shall be not less than 180 mm; or

10.10.1.2. the provisions for rear retro-reflectors, non-triangular, in ADR 19/02, Appendix A, paragraph 6.8.”

Delete clause 11.1. and replace with:

“11.1. The technical requirements of United Nations Regulation No. 48 - UNIFORM PROVISIONS CONCERNING THE APPROVAL OF VEHICLES WITH REGARD TO THE INSTALLATION OF LIGHTING AND LIGHT-SIGNALLING DEVICES, from the 00 series of amendments and including up to the 06 series of amendments, shall be deemed to be equivalent to the technical requirements of this standard.”

Amend clause 11.3. to read:

“11.3 The technical requirements of FMVSS 108 “Lamps, Reflective Devices and Associated Equipment” for high-mounted stop lamps – as amended by Amendment(s) up to that published February 8, 2016, in 81 FR 6458 (Effective Dates: August 8, 2016) are deemed to be equivalent to the S3 Category stop lamp installation requirements of this standard.”

Amend clause 11.4. to read:

“11.4. Manufacturers demonstrating compliance with this standard using an approval to one of the alternative standards in clause 11.1 above may choose to fit additional lamp(s), in which case the requirements of clause 6 and 7 of this standard must be met.”

SCHEDULE 2

Delete Appendix A and replace with:

“APPENDIX A

Agreement

Concerning the Adoption of Uniform Technical Prescriptions for Wheeled Vehicles, Equipment and Parts which can be fitted and/or be used on Wheeled Vehicles and the Conditions for Reciprocal Recognition of Approvals Granted on the Basis of these Prescriptions[1]

[1] Former title of the Agreement: Agreement Concerning the Adoption of Uniform Conditions of Approval and Reciprocal Recognition of Approval for Motor Vehicle Equipment and Parts, done at Geneva on 20 March 1958.

(Revision 2, including the amendments that entered into force on 16 October 1995)

Addendum 47: Regulation No. 48

Revision 12

Covering all series including the 06 series of amendments:

Supplement 1 to the 06 series of amendments to the Regulation: Date of entry into force: 15 July 2013

Corrigendum 1 to Supplement 1 to the 06 series of amendments to the Regulation - Date of entry into force: 13 March 2013

Supplement 2 to the 06 series of amendments to the Regulation: Date of entry into force: 3 November 2013

Supplement 3 to the 06 series of amendments to the Regulation: Date of entry into force: 10 June 2014

Supplement 4 to the 06 series of amendments to the Regulation: Date of entry into force: 9 October 2014

and incorporating valid text up to, by the Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development:

Supplement 5 to the 06 series of amendments – Date of entry into force: 15 June 2015

Supplement 6 to the 06 series of amendments – Date of entry into force: 8 October 2015

Supplement 7 to the 06 series of amendments – Date of entry into force: 8 October 2016

Supplement 8 to the 06 series of amendments – Date of entry into force: 22 June 2017

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the installation of lighting and light-signalling devices

UNITED NATIONS

Regulation No. 48

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the installation of lighting and light signalling devices

Contents

Regulation

1. Scope

2. Definitions

3. Application for approval

4. Approval

5. General specifications

6. Individual specifications

7. Modifications and extensions of approval of the vehicle type or of the installation of its lighting and light signalling devices

8. Conformity of production

9. Penalties for non-conformity of production

10. Production definitively discontinued

11. Names and addresses of Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests and of Type Approval Authorities

12. Transitional provisions

Annexes

1 Communication

2 Arrangements of approval marks

3 Examples of lamp surfaces, axes, centres of reference, and angles of geometric visibility

4 Visibility of a red lamp to the front and visibility of a white lamp to the rear

5 States of loading to be taken into consideration in determining variations in the vertical orientation of the dipped beam headlamps

6 Measurement of the variation of dipped beam inclination as a function of load

7 Indication of the downward inclination of the dipped-beam headlamps cut-off referred to in paragraph 6.2.6.1.1. and downward inclination of the front fog lamp cut-off referred to in paragraph 6.3.6.1.2. of this Regulation

8 The controls for the headlamp levelling devices referred to in paragraph 6.2.6.2.2. of this Regulation

9 Control of conformity of production

10 Reserved

11 Visibility of conspicuity markings to the rear, front and side of a vehicle

12 Test drive

13 Automatic switching conditions dipped-beam headlamps

14 Observing area towards the apparent surface of manoeuvring and courtesy lamps

15 Gonio(photo)meter system used for the photometric measurements as defined in paragraph 2.34. of this Regulation

SCOPE

This Regulation applies to vehicles of categories M, N, and to their trailers (category O)[2] with regard to the installation of lighting and light-signalling devices.
[2] As defined in the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3.), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.3, para. 2 - type="1">
DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this Regulation:
2.1."Approval of a vehicle" means the approval of a vehicle type with regard to the number and mode of installation of the lighting and light signalling devices.
2.2."Vehicle type with regard to the installation of lighting and light signalling devices" means vehicles which do not differ in the essential respects mentioned in paragraphs 2.2.1. to 2.2.4.
The following are likewise considered not to be "vehicles of a different type": vehicles which differ within the meaning of paragraphs 2.2.1. to 2.2.4., but not in such a way as to entail a change in the kind, number, positioning and geometric visibility of the lamps and the inclination of the dipped beam prescribed for the vehicle type in question, and vehicles on which optional lamps are fitted or are absent:
2.2.1.The dimension and the external shape of the vehicle;
2.2.2.The number and positioning of the devices;
2.2.3.The headlamp-levelling system;
2.2.4.The suspension system.
2.3."Transverse plane" means a vertical plane perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle.
2.4."Unladen vehicle" means a vehicle without driver, crew, passengers and load, but with a full supply of fuel, spare wheel and the tools normally carried.
2.5."Laden vehicle" means a vehicle loaded to its technically permissible maximum mass, as stated by the manufacturer, who shall also fix the distribution of this mass between the axles in accordance with the method described in Annex 5.
2.6."Device" means an element or an assembly of elements used to perform one or more functions.
2.6.1."Lighting function" means the light emitted by a device to illuminate the road and objects in the direction of vehicle movement.
2.6.2."Light-signalling function" means the light emitted or reflected by a device to give to other road users visual information on the presence, identification and/or the change of movement of the vehicle.

2.7."Lamp" means a device designed to illuminate the road or to emit a light signal to other road users. Rear registration plate lamps and retro-reflectors are likewise to be regarded as lamps. For the purpose of this Regulation, light-emitting rear registration plates and the service-door-lighting system according to the provisions of Regulation No. 107 on vehicles of categories M₂ and M₃ are not considered as lamps.

2.7.1.Light source

2.7.1.1."Light source" means one or more elements for visible radiation, which may be assembled with one or more transparent envelopes and with a base for mechanical and electrical connection.

2.7.1.1.1. "Replaceable light source" means a light source which is designed to be inserted in and removed from the holder of its device without tool.

2.7.1.1.2. "Non-replaceable light source" means a light source which can only be replaced by replacement of the device to which this light source is fixed.

(a) In case of a light source module: a light source which can only be replaced by replacement of the light source module to which this light source is fixed;

(b) In case of adaptive front-lighting systems (AFS): a light source which can only be replaced by replacement of the lighting unit to which this light source is fixed.

2.7.1.1.3. "Light source module" means an optical part of a device which is specific to that device. It contains one or more non-replaceable light sources and it may optionally contain one or more holders for approved replaceable light sources.

2.7.1.1.4. "Filament light source" (filament lamp) means a light source where the element for visible radiation is one or more heated filaments producing thermal radiation.

2.7.1.1.5. "Gas-discharge light source" means a light source where the element for visible radiation is a discharge arc producing electro-luminescence/fluorescence.

2.7.1.1.6. "Light-emitting diode (LED) light source" means a light source where the element for visible radiation is one or more solid state junctions producing injection-luminescence/fluorescence.

2.7.1.1.7. "LED module" means a light source module containing as light sources only LEDs. However it may optionally contain one or more holders for approved replaceable light sources.

2.7.1.2."Electronic light source control gear" means one or more components between supply and light source, whether or not integrated with the light source or the applied lamp, to control voltage and/ or electrical current of the light source.

2.7.1.2.1. "Ballast" means an electronic light source control gear between supply and light source, whether or not integrated with the light source or applied lamp, to stabilise the electrical current of a gas-discharge light source.

2.7.1.2.2. "Ignitor" means an electronic light source control gear to start the arc of a gas-discharge light source.

2.7.1.3."Variable intensity control" means the device which automatically controls rear light signalling devices producing variable luminous intensities to assure the unvarying perception of their signals. The variable intensity control is part of the lamp, or part of the vehicle, or split between the said lamp and the vehicle.

2.7.2."Equivalent lamps" means lamps having the same function and authorized in the country in which the vehicle is registered; such lamps may have different characteristics from those installed on the vehicle when it is approved on condition that they satisfy the requirements of this Regulation.

2.7.3."Independent lamps" means devices having separate apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis,[3] separate light sources and separate lamp bodies.
[3] In the case of lighting devices for the rear registration plate and direction-indicators of categories 5 and 6, the "light-emitting surface" shall be used.

2.7.4."Grouped lamps" means devices having separate apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis2 and separate light sources, but a common lamp body.

2.7.5."Combined lamps" means devices having separate apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis,2 but a common light source and a common lamp body.

2.7.6."Reciprocally incorporated lamps" means devices having separate light sources or a single light source operating under different conditions (for example, optical, mechanical, electrical differences), totally or partially common apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis2 and a common lamp body.[4]
[4] Examples to enable a decision regarding reciprocal incorporation of lamps can be found in Annex 3, Part 7.

2.7.7."Single function lamp" means a part of a device which performs a single lighting or light signalling function.

2.7.8."Concealable lamp" means a lamp capable of being partly or completely hidden when not in use. This result may be achieved by means of a movable cover, by displacement of the lamp or by any other suitable means. The term "retractable" is used more particularly to describe a concealable lamp the displacement of which enables it to be inserted within the bodywork.

2.7.9."Driving-beam (main beam) headlamp" means the lamp used to illuminate the road over a long distance ahead of the vehicle.

2.7.10."Passing-beam (dipped beam) headlamp" means the lamp used to illuminate the road ahead of the vehicle without causing undue dazzle or discomfort to oncoming drivers and other road users.

2.7.10.1."Principal passing-beam (principal dipped-beam)" means the dipped-beam produced without the contribution of infrared (IR) emitter and/or additional light sources for bend lighting.

2.7.11."Direction indicator lamp" means the lamp used to indicate to other road users that the driver intends to change direction to the right or to the left.

A direction-indicator lamp or lamps may also be used according to the provisions of Regulation No. 97 or No. 116.

2.7.12."Stop lamp" means a lamp used to indicate to other road users to the rear of the vehicle that the longitudinal movement of the vehicle is intentionally retarded.

2.7.13."Rear-registration plate illuminating device" means the device used to illuminate the space reserved for the rear registration plate; such a device may consist of several optical components.

2.7.14."Front position lamp" means the lamp used to indicate the presence and the width of the vehicle when viewed from the front.

2.7.15."Rear position lamp" means the lamp used to indicate the presence and width of the vehicle when viewed from the rear.

2.7.16."Retro reflector" means a device used to indicate the presence of a vehicle by the reflection of light emanating from a light source not connected to the vehicle, the observer being situated near the source.

For the purposes of this Regulation the following are not considered as retro reflectors:

2.7.16.1.Retro reflecting number plates;

2.7.16.2.The retro reflecting signals mentioned in the ADR (European Agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods by road);

2.7.16.3.Other retro-reflective plates and signals which shall be used to comply with national requirements for use as regards certain categories of vehicles or certain methods of operation;

2.7.16.4.Retro-reflecting materials approved as Class D or E or F according to Regulation No. 104 and used for other purposes in compliance with national requirements.

2.7.17."Conspicuity marking" means a device intended to increase the conspicuity of a vehicle, when viewed from the side or rear (or in the case of trailers, additionally from the front), by the reflection of light emanating from a light source not connected to the vehicle, the observer being situated near the source.

2.7.17.1."Contour marking" means a conspicuity marking intended to indicate the horizontal and vertical dimensions (length, width and height) of a vehicle.

2.7.17.1.1. "Full contour marking" means a contour marking that indicates the outline of the vehicle by a continuous line.

2.7.17.1.2. "Partial contour marking" means a contour marking that indicates the horizontal dimension of the vehicle by a continuous line, and the vertical dimension by marking the upper corners.

2.7.17.2."Line marking" means a conspicuity marking intended to indicate the horizontal dimensions (length and width) of a vehicle by a continuous line.

2.7.18."Hazard warning signal" means the simultaneous operation of all of a vehicle's direction indicator lamps to show that the vehicle temporarily constitutes a special danger to other road users.

2.7.19."Front fog lamp" means a lamp used to improve the illumination of the road ahead of the vehicle in case of fog or any similar condition of reduced visibility.

2.7.20."Rear fog lamp" means a lamp used to make the vehicle more easily visible from the rear in dense fog.

2.7.21."Reversing lamp" means the lamp used to illuminate the road to the rear of the vehicle and to warn other road users that the vehicle is reversing or about to reverse.

2.7.22."Parking lamp" means a lamp which is used to draw attention to the presence of a stationary vehicle in a built up area. In such circumstances it replaces the front and rear position lamps.

2.7.23."End outline marker lamp" means the lamp fitted near to the extreme outer edge and as close as possible to the top of the vehicle and intended to indicate clearly the vehicle's overall width. This lamp is intended, for certain vehicles and trailers, to complement the vehicle's front and rear position lamps by drawing particular attention to its bulk.

2.7.24."Side marker lamp" means a lamp used to indicate the presence of the vehicle when viewed from the side.

2.7.25."Daytime running lamp" means a lamp facing in a forward direction used to make the vehicle more easily visible when driving during daytime.

2.7.26."Cornering lamp" means a lamp used to provide supplementary illumination of that part of the road which is located near the forward corner of the vehicle at the side towards which the vehicle is going to turn.

2.7.27."Objective luminous flux" means:

(a) In the case of a light source:

The value of the objective luminous flux, not including any tolerances, as indicated in the relevant data sheet of the applicable light source Regulation according to which the light source is approved;

(b) In the case of an LED module:

The value of the objective luminous flux as indicated in the technical specification submitted with the LED module for approval of the lamp of which the LED module is a part;

2.7.28."Adaptive front lighting system" (or "AFS") means a lighting device type-approved according to Regulation No. 123, providing beams with differing characteristics for automatic adaptation to varying conditions of use of the dipped-beam (passing-beam) and, if it applies, the main-beam (driving-beam).

2.7.28.1."Lighting unit" means a light-emitting component designed to provide or contribute to one or more front lighting function(s) provided by the AFS.

2.7.28.2."Installation unit" means an indivisible housing (lamp body) which contains one or more lighting unit(s).

2.7.28.3."Lighting mode" or "mode" means a state of a front lighting function provided by the AFS, as specified by the manufacturer and intended for adaptation to specific vehicle and ambient conditions.

2.7.28.4."System control" means that part(s) of the AFS receiving the AFS control signals from the vehicle and controlling the operation of the lighting units automatically.

2.7.28.5."AFS control signal" (V, E, W, T) means the input to the AFS in accordance with the paragraph 6.22.7.4. of this Regulation.

2.7.28.6."Neutral state" means the state of the AFS when a defined mode of the class C passing-beam ("basic passing-beam") or of the main beam in the maximum condition of activation, if any, is produced, and no AFS control signal applies.

2.7.28.7."Adaptive main-beam" means a main-beam of the AFS that adapts its beam pattern to the presence of oncoming and preceding vehicles in order to improve the long-range visibility for the driver without causing discomfort, distraction or glare to other road users.

2.7.29."Exterior courtesy lamp" means a lamp used to provide supplementary illumination to assist the entry and exit of the vehicle driver and passenger or in loading operations;

2.7.30."Interdependent lamp system" means an assembly of two or three interdependent lamps providing the same function.

2.7.30.1."Interdependent lamp marked "Y"" means a device operating as part of an interdependent lamp system. Interdependent lamps operate together when activated, have separate apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis and separate lamp bodies, and may have separate light source(s).

2.7.31."Manoeuvring lamp" means a lamp used to provide supplementary illumination to the side of the vehicle to assist during slow manoeuvres.

2.7.32."Lamps marked "D"" means independent lamps, approved as separate devices in such a way that they are allowed to be used either independently or in an assembly of two lamps to be considered as a "single lamp".

2.8."Light emitting surface" of a "lighting device", "light-signalling device" or a retro-reflector means the surface as declared in the request for approval by the manufacturer of the device on the drawing, see Annex 3 (see e.g. Parts 1, and 4).

This shall be declared according to one of the following conditions:

(a) In the case where the outer lens is textured, the declared light emitting surface shall be all or part of the exterior surface of the outer lens;

(b) In the case where the outer lens is non-textured the outer lens may be disregarded and the light emitting surface shall be as declared on the drawing, see Annex 3 (see e.g. Part 5).

2.8.1."Textured outer lens" or "Textured outer lens area" means all or part of an outer lens, designed to modify or influence the propagation of light from the light source(s), such that the light rays are significantly diverted from their original direction.

2.9."Illuminating surface" (see Annex 3).

2.9.1."Illuminating surface of a lighting device" (paragraphs 2.7.9., 2.7.10., 2.7.19., 2.7.21. and 2.7.26.) means the orthogonal projection of the full aperture of the reflector, or in the case of headlamps with an ellipsoidal reflector of the "projection lens", on a transverse plane. If the lighting device has no reflector, the definition of paragraph 2.9.2. shall be applied. If the light emitting surface of the lamp extends over part only of the full aperture of the reflector, then the projection of that part only is taken into account.

In the case of a dipped-beam headlamp, the illuminating surface is limited by the apparent trace of the cut-off on to the lens. If the reflector and lens are adjustable relative to one another, the mean adjustment should be used.

In the case of AFS being installed: where a lighting function is produced by two or more simultaneously operated lighting units on a given side of the vehicle, the individual illuminating surfaces, taken together, constitute the illuminating surface to be considered (for example, in the figure of paragraph 6.22.4. below, the individual illuminating surfaces of the lighting units 8, 9 and 11, regarded together and taking into account their respective location, constitute the illuminating surface to be considered for the right hand side of the vehicle).

2.9.2."Illuminating surface of a light-signalling device other than a retro-reflector" (paragraphs 2.7.11. to 2.7.15., 2.7.18., 2.7.20. and 2.7.22. to 2.7.25) means the orthogonal projection of the lamp in a plane perpendicular to its axis of reference and in contact with the exterior light-emitting surface of the lamp, this projection being bounded by the edges of screens situated in this plane, each allowing only 98 per cent of the total luminous intensity of the light to persist in the direction of the axis of reference.

To determine the lower, upper and lateral limits of the illuminating surface only screens with horizontal or vertical edges shall be used to verify the distance to the extreme edges of the vehicle and the height above the ground.

For other applications of the illuminating surface, e.g. distance between two lamps or functions, the shape of the periphery of this illuminating surface shall be used. The screens shall remain parallel, but other orientations are allowed to be used.

In the case of a light-signalling device whose illuminating surface encloses either totally or partially the illuminating surface of another function or encloses a non-lighted surface, the illuminating surface may be considered to be the light emitting surface itself (see e.g. Annex 3, Parts 2, 3, 5 and 6).

2.9.3."Illuminating surface of a retro-reflector" (paragraph 2.7.16.) means, as declared by the applicant during the component approval procedure for the retro-reflectors, the orthogonal projection of a retro-reflector in a plane perpendicular to its axis of reference and delimited by planes contiguous to the declared outermost parts of the retro-reflectors' optical system and parallel to that axis. For the purposes of determining the lower, upper and lateral edges of the device, only horizontal and vertical planes shall be considered.

2.10.The "apparent surface" for a defined direction of observation means, at the request of the manufacturer or his duly accredited representative, the orthogonal projection of:

Either the boundary of the illuminating surface projected on the exterior surface of the lens;

Or the light-emitting surface;

Only in the case of a light-signalling device producing variable luminous intensities, its apparent surface that may be variable as specified in paragraph 2.7.1.3. shall be considered under all conditions permitted by the variable intensity control, if applicable.

In a plane perpendicular to the direction of observation and tangential to the most exterior point of the lens. Different examples of the application of apparent surface can be found in Annex 3 to this Regulation.

2.11."Axis of reference" (or "reference axis") means the characteristic axis of the lamp determined by the manufacturer (of the lamp) for use as the direction of reference (H = 0°, V = 0°) for angles of field for photometric measurements and for installing the lamp on the vehicle.

2.12."Centre of reference" means the intersection of the axis of reference with the exterior light emitting surface; it is specified by the manufacturer of the lamp.

2.13."Angles of geometric visibility" means the angles which determine the field of the minimum solid angle in which the apparent surface of the lamp is visible. That field of the solid angle is determined by the segments of the sphere of which the centre coincides with the centre of reference of the lamp and the equator is parallel with the ground. These segments are determined in relation to the axis of reference. The horizontal angles ß correspond to the longitude and the vertical angles α to the latitude.

2.14."Extreme outer edge" on either side of the vehicle, means the plane parallel to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle and touching its lateral outer edge, disregarding the projection:

2.14.1.Of tyres near their point of contact with the ground, and of connections for tyre pressure gauges;

2.14.2.Of any anti skid devices mounted on the wheels;

2.14.3.Of devices for indirect vision;

2.14.4.Of side direction-indicator lamps, end outline marker lamps, front and rear position lamps, parking lamps, retro reflectors and side marker lamps.

2.14.5.Of customs seals affixed to the vehicle, and of devices for securing and protecting such seals.

2.14.6.Of service-door lighting systems on vehicles of categories M2 and M3 as specified in paragraph 2.7.

2.15."Overall dimensions" means the distance between the two vertical planes defined in paragraph 2.14. above.

2.15.1."Overall width" means the distance between the two vertical planes defined in paragraph 2.14. above.

2.15.2."Overall length" means the distance between the two vertical planes perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle and touching its front and rear outer edge, disregarding the projection:

(a) Of devices for indirect vision;

(b) Of end-outline marker lamps;

(c) Of coupling devices, in the case of motor vehicles.

For trailers in the "overall length" and in any measurement in length the drawbar shall be included, except when specifically excluded.

2.16."Single and multiple lamps"

2.16.1."A single lamp" means:

(a) A device or part of a device having one lighting or light-signalling function, one or more light source(s) and one apparent surface in the direction of the reference axis, which may be a continuous surface or composed of two or more distinct parts; or

(b) Any assembly of two lamps marked "D", whether identical or not, having the same function; or

(c) Any assembly of two independent retro-reflectors, whether identical or not, that have been approved separately; or

(d) Any interdependent lamp system composed of two or three interdependent lamps marked "Y" approved together and providing the same function.

2.16.2."Two lamps" or "an even number of lamps" in the shape of a band or strip, means two lamps with a single light emitting surface, providing such a band or strip is placed symmetrically in relation to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle.

2.17."Distance between two lamps" which face in the same direction means the shortest distance between the two apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis. Where the distance between the lamps clearly meets the requirements of the Regulation, the exact edges of apparent surfaces need not be determined.

2.18."Operating tell tale" means a visual or auditory signal (or any equivalent signal) indicating that a device has been switched on and is operating correctly or not.

2.19."Closed circuit tell tale" means a visual (or any equivalent signal) indicating that a device has been switched on, but not indicating whether it is operating correctly or not.

2.20."Optional lamp" means a lamp, the installation of which is left to the discretion of the manufacturer.

2.21."Ground" means the surface on which the vehicle stands which should be substantially horizontal.

2.22."Movable components" of the vehicle mean those body panels or other vehicle parts the position(s) of which can be changed by tilting, rotating or sliding without the use of tools. They do not include tiltable driver cabs of trucks.

2.23."Normal position of use of a movable component" means the position(s) of a movable component specified by the vehicle manufacturer for the normal condition of use and the park condition of the vehicle.

2.24."Normal condition of use of a vehicle" means:

2.24.1.For a motor vehicle, when the vehicle is ready to move with its propulsion engine running and its movable components in the normal position(s) as defined in paragraph 2.23.;

2.24.2.And for a trailer, when the trailer is connected to a drawing motor vehicle in the conditions as prescribed in paragraph 2.24.1. and its movable components are in the normal position(s) as defined in paragraph 2.23.

2.25."Park condition of a vehicle" means:

2.25.1.For a motor vehicle, when the vehicle is at standstill and its propulsion engine is not running and its movable components are in the normal position(s) as defined in paragraph 2.23.;

2.25.2.And for a trailer, when the trailer is connected to a drawing motor vehicle in the condition as described in paragraph 2.25.1. and its movable components are in the normal position(s) as defined in paragraph 2.23.

2.26."Bend lighting" means a lighting function to provide enhanced illumination in bends.

2.27."Pair" means the set of lamps of the same function on the left- and right-hand side of the vehicle.

2.27.1."Matched pair" means the set of lamps of the same function on the left- and right-hand side of the vehicle, which, as a pair, complies with the photometric requirements.

2.28."Emergency stop signal" means a signal to indicate to other road users to the rear of the vehicle that a high retardation force has been applied to the vehicle relative to the prevailing road conditions.

2.29.Colour of the light emitted from a device

2.29.1."White" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)[5] of the light emitted that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:
[5] CIE Publication 15.2, 1986, Colorimetry, the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric observer.

W₁₂	green boundary	y = 0.150 + 0.640 x
W₂₃	yellowish green boundary	y = 0.440
W₃₄	yellow boundary	x = 0.500
W₄₅	reddish purple boundary	y = 0.382
W₅₆	purple boundary	y = 0.050 + 0.750 x
W₆₁	blue boundary	x = 0.310

With intersection points:

x	y
W₁	0.310	0.348
W₂	0.453	0.440
W₃	0.500	0.440
W₄	0.500	0.382
W₅	0.443	0.382
W₆	0.310	0.283

2.29.2."Selective-yellow" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)4 of the light emitted that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:

SY₁₂	green boundary	y = 1.290 x - 0.100
SY₂₃	the spectral locus
SY₃₄	red boundary	y = 0.138 + 0.580 x
SY₄₅	yellowish white boundary	y = 0.440
SY₅₁	white boundary	y = 0.940 - x

With intersection points:

x	y
SY₁	0.454	0.486
SY₂	0.480	0.519
SY₃	0.545	0.454
SY₄	0.521	0.440
SY₅	0.500	0.440

2.29.3."Amber" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)4 of the light emitted that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:

A₁₂	green boundary	y = x - 0.120
A₂₃	the spectral locus
A₃₄	red boundary	y = 0.390
A₄₁	white boundary	y = 0.790 - 0.670 x

With intersection points:

x	y
A₁	0.545	0.425
A₂	0.560	0.440
A₃	0.609	0.390
A₄	0.597	0.390

2.29.4."Red" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)4 of the light emitted that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:

R₁₂	yellow boundary	y = 0.335
R₂₃	the spectral locus
R₃₄	the purple line	(its linear extension across the purple range of colours between the red and the blue extremities of the spectral locus).
R₄₁	purple boundary:	y = 0.980 – x

With intersection points:

x	y
R₁	0.645	0.335
R₂	0.665	0.335
R₃	0.735	0.265
R₄	0.721	0.259

2.30.Night-time Colour of the light retro-reflected from a device excluding retro reflective tires according to Regulation No. 88

2.30.1."White" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)4 of the light reflected that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:

W₁₂	blue boundary:	y = 0.843 - 1.182 x
W₂₃	violet boundary	y = 0.489 x + 0.146
W₃₄	yellow boundary	y = 0.968 - 1.010 x
W₄₁	green boundary	y = 1.442 x - 0.136

With intersection points:

x	y
W₁	0.373	0.402
W₂	0.417	0.350
W₃	0.548	0.414
W₄	0.450	0.513

2.30.2."Yellow" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)4 of the light reflected that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:

Y₁₂	green boundary	y = x - 0.040
Y₂₃	the spectral locus
Y₃₄	red boundary	y = 0.200 x + 0.268
Y₄₁	white boundary	y = 0.970 - x

With intersection points:

x	y
Y₁	0.505	0.465
Y₂	0.520	0.480
Y₃	0.610	0.390
Y₄	0.585	0.385

2.30.3."Amber" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)4 of the light reflected that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:

A₁₂	green boundary	y = 1.417 x - 0.347
A₂₃	the spectral locus
A₃₄	red boundary	y = 0.390
A₄₁	white boundary	y = 0.790 - 0.670 x

With intersection points:

x	y
A₁	0.545	0.425
A₂	0.557	0.442
A₃	0.609	0.390
A₄	0.597	0.390

2.30.4."Red" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)4 of the light reflected that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:

R₁₂	yellow boundary	y = 0.335
R₂₃	the spectral locus
R₃₄	the purple line
R₄₁	purple boundary	y = 0.978 - x

With intersection points:

x	y
R₁	0.643	0.335
R₂	0.665	0.335
R₃	0.735	0.265
R₄	0.720	0.258

2.31.Day-time Colour of the light reflected from a device

2.31.1."White" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)4 of the light reflected that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:

W₁₂	violet boundary	y = x - 0.030
W₂₃	yellow boundary	y = 0.740 – x
W₃₄	green boundary	y = x + 0,050
W₄₁	blue boundary	y = 0.570 – x

With intersection points:

x	y
W₁	0.300	0.270
W₂	0.385	0.355
W₃	0.345	0.395
W₄	0.260	0.310"

2.31.2."Yellow" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)4 of the light reflected that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:

Y₁₂	red boundary	y = 0.534 x + 0.163
Y₂₃	white boundary	y = 0.910 - x
Y₃₄	green boundary	y =1.342 x - 0.090
Y₄₁	the spectral locus

With intersection points:

x	y
Y₁	0.545	0.454
Y₂	0.487	0.423
Y₃	0.427	0.483
Y₄	0.465	0.534

2.31.3."Red" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)4 of the light reflected that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:

R₁₂	red boundary	y = 0.346 – 0.053 x
R₂₃	purple boundary	y = 0.910 – x
R₃₄	yellow boundary	y = 0.350
R₄₁	the spectral locus

With intersection points:

x	y
R₁	0.690	0.310
R₂	0.595	0.315
R₃	0.560	0.350
R₄	0.650	0.350"

2.32.Day-time Colour of the fluorescent a device

2.32.1."Red" means the chromaticity coordinates (x,y)4 of the light reflected that lie inside the chromaticity areas defined by the boundaries:

FR₁₂	red boundary	y = 0.346 – 0.053 x
FR₂₃	purple boundary	y = 0.910 – x
FR₃₄	yellow boundary	y = 0.315 + 0.047 x
FR₄₁	the spectral locus

With intersection points:

x	y
FR₁	0,690	0,310
FR₂	0,595	0,315
FR₃	0,569	0,341
FR₄	0,655	0,345

2.33."Rear-end collision alert signal (RECAS)" means an automatic signal given by the leading vehicle to the following vehicle. It warns that the following vehicle needs to take emergency action to avoid a collision.

2.34."Gonio(photo)meter system (if not otherwise specified in a particular Regulation)" means a system used for the photometric measurements specified by the angular coordinates in degrees on a sphere with a vertical polar axis according to CIE publication No. 70, Vienna 1987, i.e. corresponding to a gonio(photo)meter system with a horizontal ("elevation") axis fixed to the ground and a second, moveable ("rotation") axis perpendicular to the fixed horizontal axis (see Annex 14 to this Regulation). Note: The above mentioned CIE publication specifies a procedure to correct the angular coordinates in the case where an alternative gonio(photo)meter system is used.

2.35."H plane" means the horizontal plane containing the centre of reference of the lamp.

2.36."Sequential activation" means an electrical connection where the individual light sources of a lamp are wired such that they are activated in a predetermined sequence.

APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL

3.1.The application for approval of a vehicle type with regard to the installation of its lighting and light signalling devices shall be submitted by the manufacturer or his duly accredited representative.

3.2.It shall be accompanied by the following documents and particulars in triplicate:

3.2.1.A description of the vehicle type with regard to the items mentioned in paragraphs 2.2.1. to 2.2.4. above, together with the restrictions on loading, particularly the maximum permissible load in the boot;

3.2.2.A list of the devices prescribed by the manufacturer for the lighting and light-signalling assembly. The list may include several types of device for each operation. Each type shall be duly identified (component, type-approval mark, name of manufacturer, etc.), in addition the list may include in respect of each function the additional annotation "or equivalent devices";

3.2.3.A layout drawing of the lighting and light signalling equipment as a whole, showing the position of the various devices on the vehicle;

3.2.4.If necessary, in order to verify the conformity to the prescriptions of the present Regulation, layout drawing(s) for each individual lamp showing the illuminating surface as defined in paragraph 2.9., the light-emitting surface as defined in paragraph 2.8., the axis of reference as defined in paragraph 2.11. and the centre of reference as defined in paragraph 2.12. This information is not necessary in the case of the rear registration plate lamp (paragraph 2.7.13.);

3.2.5.The application shall include a statement of the method used for the definition of the apparent surface (see paragraph 2.10.).

3.2.6.Where an AFS is fitted on the vehicle, the applicant shall submit a detailed description providing the following information:

3.2.6.1.The lighting functions and modes for which the AFS has been approved;

3.2.6.2.The related AFS control signals and their technical characteristics as defined according to Annex 10 to Regulation No. 123;

3.2.6.3.The provisions being applied to adapt automatically the front lighting functions and modes according to paragraph 6.22.7.4. of this Regulation;

3.2.6.4.Special instruction, if any, for the inspection of the light sources and the visual observation of the beam;

3.2.6.5.The documents according to paragraph 6.22.9.2. of this Regulation;

3.2.6.6.The lamps that are grouped or combined with or reciprocally incorporated in the AFS;

3.2.6.7.Lighting units which are designed to comply with the requirements of paragraph 6.22.5. of this Regulation.

3.2.7.For vehicles of M and N categories a description of the electric power supply conditions for the devices indicated in paragraphs 2.7.9., 2.7.10., 2.7.12., 2.7.14. and 2.7.15. above, including, if applicable, information on a special power supply/electronic light source control gear, or variable intensity control.

3.3.An unladen vehicle fitted with a complete set of lighting and light signalling equipment, as prescribed in paragraph 3.2.2. above, and representative of the vehicle type to be approved shall be submitted to the Technical Service responsible for conducting approval tests.

3.4.The document provided in Annex 1 to this Regulation shall be attached to the type-approval documentation.

APPROVAL

4.1.If the vehicle type submitted for approval pursuant to this Regulation meets the requirements of the Regulation in respect of all the devices specified in the list, approval of that vehicle type shall be granted.

4.2.An approval number shall be assigned to each type approved. Its first two digits (at present 06, corresponding to the 06 series of amendments) shall indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments made to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval. The same Contracting Party shall not assign this number to another vehicle type or to the same vehicle type submitted with equipment not specified in the list referred to in paragraph 3.2.2. above, subject to the provisions of paragraph 7. of this Regulation.

4.3.Notice of approval or of extension or refusal of approval or production definitively discontinued of a vehicle type/part pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation, by means of a form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

4.4.There shall be affixed, conspicuously and in a readily accessible place specified on the approval form, to every vehicle conforming to a vehicle type approved under this Regulation, an international approval mark consisting of:

4.4.1.A circle surrounding the letter "E" followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted approval;[6]
[6] The distinguishing numbers of the Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement are reproduced in Annex 3 to the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev. 3, Annex 3 - number of this Regulation, followed by the letter "R", a dash and the approval number to the right of the circle prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1.

4.5.If the vehicle conforms to a vehicle type approved, under one or more other Regulations annexed to the Agreement, in the country which has granted approval under this Regulation, the symbol prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1. need not to be repeated, in such a case the Regulation and approval numbers and the additional symbols of all the Regulations under which approval has been granted in the country which has granted approval under this Regulation shall be placed in vertical columns to the right of the symbol prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1.

4.6.The approval mark shall be clearly legible and be indelible.

4.7.The approval mark shall be placed close to or on the vehicle data plate affixed by the manufacturer.

4.8.Annex 2 to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of approval marks.

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

5.1.The lighting and light signalling devices shall be so fitted that under normal conditions of use as defined in paragraphs 2.24., 2.24.1. and 2.24.2. and notwithstanding any vibrations to which they may be subjected, they retain the characteristics prescribed by this Regulation and enable the vehicle to comply with the requirements of this Regulation. In particular, it shall not be possible for the lamps to be inadvertently maladjusted.

5.2.The illuminating lamps described in paragraphs 2.7.9., 2.7.10. and 2.7.19. shall be so installed that correct adjustment of their orientation can easily be carried out.

5.2.1.In the case of headlamps fitted with measures to prevent discomfort to other road-users in a country where traffic operates on the side of the road opposite to that of the country for which the headlamp was designed, such measures shall be achieved automatically or by the vehicle user with the vehicle in the park condition without the need for special tools (other than those provided with the vehicle[7]). Detailed instructions shall be provided by the vehicle manufacturer with the vehicle.
[7] This does not apply to dedicated objects that may be added to the exterior of the headlamp.

5.3.For all light signalling devices, including those mounted on the side panels, the reference axis of the lamp when fitted to the vehicle shall be parallel to the bearing plane of the vehicle on the road; in addition it shall be perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle in the case of side retro reflectors and of side marker lamps and parallel to that plane in the case of all other signalling devices. In each direction a tolerance of ± 3° shall be allowed. In addition, any specific instructions as regards fitting laid down by the manufacturer shall be complied with.

5.4.In the absence of specific instructions, the height and orientation of the lamps shall be verified with the vehicle unladen and placed on a flat, horizontal surface, in the condition defined in paragraphs 2.24., 2.24.1. and 2.24.2. and, in the case where an AFS is installed, with the system in its neutral state.

5.5.In the absence of specific instructions lamps constituting a pair shall:

5.5.1.Be fitted to the vehicle symmetrically in relation to the median longitudinal plane (this estimate to be based on the exterior geometrical form of the lamp and not on the edge of its illuminating surface referred to in paragraph 2.9.);

5.5.2.Be symmetrical to one another in relation to the median longitudinal plane, this requirement is not valid with regard to the interior structure of the lamp;

5.5.3.Satisfy the same colorimetric requirements and have substantially identical photometric characteristics. This shall not apply to a matched pair of Class F3 front fog lamps;

5.5.4.Have substantially identical photometric characteristics.

5.6.On vehicles whose external shape is asymmetrical the above requirements shall be satisfied so far as is possible.

5.7.Grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated or single lamps

5.7.1.Lamps may be grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated with one another provided that all requirements regarding colour, position, orientation, geometric visibility, electrical connections and other requirements, if any, are fulfilled.

5.7.1.1.The photometric and colorimetric requirements of a lamp shall be fulfilled when all other functions with which this lamp is grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated are switched OFF.

However, when a front or rear position lamp is reciprocally incorporated with one or more other function(s) which can be activated together with them, the requirements regarding colour of each of these other functions shall be fulfilled when the reciprocally incorporated function(s) and the front or rear position lamps are switched ON.

5.7.1.2.Stop lamps and direction-indicator lamps are not permitted to be reciprocally incorporated.

5.7.1.3.Where stop lamps and direction-indicator lamps are grouped, the following conditions shall be met:

5.7.1.3.1. Any horizontal or vertical straight line passing through the projections of the apparent surfaces of these functions on a plane perpendicular to the reference axis, shall not intersect more than two borderlines separating adjacent areas of different colour;

5.7.1.3.2. Their apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis, based upon the areas bounded by the outline of their light emitting surfaces, do not overlap.

5.7.2.Single lamps

5.7.2.1.Single lamps as defined in paragraph 2.16.1., subparagraph (a), composed of two or more distinct parts, shall be installed in such a way that:

(a) Either the total area of the projection of the distinct parts on a plane tangent to the exterior surface of the outer lens and perpendicular to the reference axis shall occupy not less than 60 per cent of the smallest quadrilateral circumscribing the said projection; or

(b) The minimum distance between the facing edges of two adjacent/tangential distinct parts shall not exceed 75 mm when measured perpendicularly to the reference axis.

These requirements shall not apply to a single retro-reflector.

5.7.2.2.Single lamps as defined in paragraph 2.16.1., subparagraph (b) or (c), composed of two lamps marked "D" or two independent retro reflectors, shall be installed in such a way that:

(a) Either the projection of the apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis of the two lamps or retro reflectors occupies not less than 60 per cent of the smallest quadrilateral circumscribing the projections of the said apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis; or

(b) The minimum distance between the facing edges of the apparent surfaces in the direction of the reference axis of two lamps or two independent retro reflectors does not exceed 75 mm when measured perpendicularly to the reference axis.

5.7.2.3.Single lamps as defined in paragraph 2.16.1., subparagraph (d) shall fulfil the requirements of paragraph 5.7.2.1.

Where two or more lamps and/or two or more separate apparent surfaces are included into the same lamp body and/or have a common outer lens these shall not be considered as an interdependent lamp system.

However, a lamp in the shape of a band or strip may be part of an interdependent lamp system.

5.7.2.4.Two lamps or an even number of lamps in the shape of a band or strip shall be placed symmetrically in relation to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle, extending on both sides to within at least 0.4 m of the extreme outer edge of the vehicle, and are not less than 0.8 m long; the illumination of such a surface shall be provided by not less than two light sources placed as close as possible to the ends; the light-emitting surface may be constituted by a number of juxtaposed elements on condition that these individual light-emitting surfaces, when projected on a transverse plane fulfil the requirements of paragraph 5.7.2.1.

5.8.The maximum height above the ground shall be measured from the highest point and the minimum height from the lowest point of the apparent surface in the direction of the reference axis.

Where the (maximum and minimum) height above the ground clearly meets the requirements of the Regulation, the exact edges of any surface need not be determined.

5.8.1.For the purposes of reducing the geometric visibility angles, the position of a lamp with regard to height above the ground, shall be measured from the H plane.

5.8.2.5.8.2. In the case of dipped-beam headlamp, the minimum height in relation to the ground is measured from the lowest point of the effective outlet of the optical system (e.g. reflector, lens, projection lens) independent of its utilization.

5.8.3.5.8.3. The position, as regards width, will be determined from that edge of the apparent surface in the direction of the reference axis which is the furthest from the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle when referred to the overall width, and from the inner edges of the apparent surface in the direction of the reference axis when referred to the distance between lamps.

5.8.4. Where the position, as regards width, clearly meets the requirements of the Regulation, the exact edges of any surface need not be determined.

5.9.In the absence of specific instructions, the photometric characteristics (e.g. intensity, colour, apparent surface, etc.) of a lamp shall not be intentionally varied during the period of activation of the lamp.

5.9.1.Direction-indicator lamps, the vehicle-hazard warning signal, amber side-marker lamps complying with paragraph 6.18.7. below, and the emergency stop signal shall be flashing lamps.

5.9.2.The photometric characteristics of any lamp may vary:

(a) In relation to the ambient light;

(b) As a consequence of the activation of other lamps; or

(c) When the lamps is being used to provide another lighting function;

provided that any variation in the photometric characteristics is in compliance with the technical provisions for the lamp concerned.

5.9.3.The photometric characteristics of a direction indicator lamp of categories 1, 1a, 1b, 2a or 2b may be varied during a flash by sequential activation of light sources as specified in paragraph 5.6. of Regulation No. 6.

This provision shall not apply when direction indicator lamps of categories 2a and 2b are operated as emergency stop signal according to paragraph 6.23.1. of this Regulation.

5.10.No red light which could give rise to confusion shall be emitted from a lamp as defined in paragraph 2.7. in a forward direction and no white light which could give rise to confusion, shall be emitted from a lamp as defined in paragraph 2.7. in a rearward direction. No account shall be taken of lighting devices fitted for the interior lighting of the vehicle. In case of doubt, this requirement shall be verified as follows:

5.10.1.For the visibility of red light towards the front of a vehicle, with the exception of a red rearmost side-marker lamp, there shall be no direct visibility of the apparent surface of a red lamp if viewed by an observer moving within Zone 1 as specified in Annex 4;

5.10.2.For the visibility of white light towards the rear, with the exception of reversing lamps and white side conspicuity markings fitted to the vehicle, there shall be no direct visibility of the apparent surface of a white lamp if viewed by an observer moving within Zone 2 in a transverse plane situated 25 m behind the vehicle (see Annex 4);

5.10.3.In their respective planes, the zones 1 and 2 explored by the eye of the observer are bounded:

5.10.3.1.In height, by two horizontal planes 1 m and 2.2 m respectively above the ground;

5.10.3.2.In width, by two vertical planes which, forming to the front and to the rear respectively an angle of 15° outwards from the vehicle's median longitudinal plane, pass through the point or points of contact of vertical planes parallel to the vehicle's median longitudinal plane delimiting the vehicle's overall width; if there are several points of contact, the foremost shall correspond to the forward plane and the rearmost to the rearward plane.

5.11.The electrical connections shall be such that the front and rear position lamps, the end-outline marker lamps, if they exist, the side-marker lamps, if they exist, and the rear registration plate lamp can only be switched ON and OFF simultaneously.

5.11.1.This condition does not apply:

5.11.1.1.When front and rear position lamps are switched ON, as well as side-marker lamps when combined or reciprocally incorporated with said lamps, as parking lamps; or

5.11.1.2.When side-marker lamps flash in conjunction with direction indicators; or

5.11.1.3.When light signalling system operates according to 6.2.7.6.2.

5.11.2.To front position lamps when their function is substituted under the provisions of paragraph 5.12.1. below.

5.11.3.In the case of an interdependent lamp system, all light sources shall be switched ON and OFF simultaneously.

5.12.The electrical connections shall be such that the main beam and dipped beam headlamps and the front fog lamps cannot be switched on unless the lamps referred to in paragraph 5.11. are also switched on. This requirement shall not apply, however, to main-beam or dipped-beam headlamps when their luminous warnings consist of the intermittent lighting up at short intervals of the main-beam headlamp or the intermittent lighting up at short intervals of the dipped-beam headlamp or the alternate lighting up at short intervals of the main-beam and dipped-beam headlamps.

5.12.1.The dipped-beam headlamps and/or the main-beam headlamps and/or the front fog lamps may substitute the function of the front position lamps, provided that:

5.12.1.1.Their electrical connections are such that in case of failure of any of these lighting devices the front position lamps are automatically re-activated; and

5.12.1.2.The substituting lamp/function meets, for the respective position lamp, the requirements concerning:

(a) The geometric visibility prescribed for the front position lamps in 6.9.5; and

(b) The minimum photometric values according to the angles of light distribution; and

5.12.1.3.Appropriate evidence demonstrating compliance with the requirements indicated in paragraph 5.12.1.2. above is provided in the test reports of the substituting lamp.

5.13.Tell-tale

Where a closed-circuit tell-tale is prescribed by this Regulation it may be replaced by an "operating" tell-tale.

5.14.Concealable lamps

5.14.1.The concealment of lamps shall be prohibited, with the exception of the main beam headlamps, the dipped beam headlamps and the front fog lamps, which may be concealed when they are not in use.

5.14.2.In the event of any failure affecting the operation of the concealment device(s) the lamps shall remain in the position of use, if already in use, or shall be capable of being moved into the position of use without the aid of tools.

5.14.3.It shall be possible to move the lamps into the position of use and to switch them on by means of a single control, without excluding the possibility of moving them into the position of use without switching them on. However, in the case of grouped main-beam and dipped-beam headlamps, the control referred to above is required only to activate the dipped-beam headlamps.

5.14.4.It shall not be possible deliberately, from the driver's seat, to stop the movement of switched-on lamps before they reach the position of use. If there is a danger of dazzling other road users by the movement of the lamps, they may light up only when they have reached their position of use.

5.14.5.When the concealment device has a temperature of -30 °C to +50 °C the headlamps shall be capable of reaching the position of use within three seconds of initial operation of the control.

5.15.The colours of the light emitted by the lamps[8] are the following:
[8] Measurement of the chromaticity coordinates of the light emitted by the lamps is not part of this regulation.

Main‑beam headlamp:	White
Dipped‑beam headlamp:	White
Front fog lamp:	White or selective yellow
Reversing lamp:	White
Direction-indicator lamp:	Amber
Hazard warning signal:	Amber
Stop lamp:	Red
Emergency stop signal :	Amber or red
Rear-end collision alert signal:	Amber
Rear registration plate lamp:	White
Front position lamp:	White
Rear position lamp:	Red
Front fog lamp	White or selective yellow
Rear fog lamp:	Red
Parking lamp:	White in front, red at the rear, amber if reciprocally incorporated in the side direction-indicator lamps or in the side‑marker lamps.
Side‑marker lamp:	Amber; however the rearmost side‑ marker lamp can be red if it is grouped or combined or reciprocally incorporated with the rear position lamp, the rear end‑outline marker lamp, the rear fog lamp, the stop lamp or is grouped or has part of the light emitting surface in common with the rear retro-reflector.
End‑outline marker lamp:	White in front, red at the rear
Daytime running lamp:	White
Rear retro‑reflector, non‑ triangular:	Red
Rear retro‑reflector, triangular:	Red
Front retro‑reflector, non‑ triangular:	Identical to incident light[9]
Side retro‑reflector, non‑ triangular:	Amber; however the rearmost side retro-reflector can be red if it is grouped or has part of the light emitting surface in common with the rear position lamp, the rear end outline marker lamp, the rear fog lamp, the stop-lamp, the red rearmost side-marker lamp or the rear retro-reflector, non- triangular.
Cornering lamp:	White
Conspicuity marking:	White to the front;
White or yellow to the side;
Red or yellow to the rear.[10]
Adaptive front-lighting systems (AFS):	White
Exterior courtesy lamp:	White
Manoeuvring lamp:	White

[9] Also known as white or colourless retro-reflector.

[10] Nothing in this Regulation shall preclude the Contracting Parties applying this Regulation from allowing the use of white conspicuity markings to the rear in their territories.

5.16.Number of lamps

5.16.1.The number of lamps mounted on the vehicle shall be equal to the number indicated in the individual specifications of this Regulation.

5.17.Any lamp may be installed on movable components provided that the conditions specified in paragraphs 5.18., 5.19. and 5.20. are fulfilled.

5.18.Rear position lamps, rear direction-indicators and rear retro-reflectors, triangular as well as non-triangular, may be installed on movable components only:

5.18.1.If at all fixed positions of the movable components the lamps on the movable components meet all the position, geometric visibility, colorimetric and photometric requirements for those lamps.

5.18.2.In the case where the functions referred to in paragraph 5.18. are obtained by an assembly of two lamps marked "D" (see paragraph 2.16.1.), only one of the lamps needs to meet the position, geometric visibility and photometric requirements for those lamps at all fixed positions of the movable components.

or

5.18.3.Where additional lamps for the above functions are fitted and are activated, when the movable component is in any fixed open position, provided that these additional lamps satisfy all the position, geometric visibility and photometric requirements applicable to the lamps installed on the movable component.

5.18.4.In the case where the functions referred to in paragraph 5.18. are obtained by an interdependent lamp system either of the following conditions shall apply:

(a) Should the complete interdependent lamp system be mounted on the moving component(s), the requirements of paragraph 5.18.1. shall be satisfied. However, additional lamps for the above functions may be activated, when the movable component is in any fixed open position, provided that these additional lamps satisfy all the position, geometric visibility, colorimetric and photometric requirements applicable to the lamps installed on the movable component.

or

(b) Should the interdependent lamp system be partly mounted on the fixed component and partly mounted on a movable component, with the exception of direction indicator lamps, the interdependent lamp(s) specified by the Applicant during the device approval procedure shall meet all the position, outwards geometric visibility, colorimetric and photometric requirements for those lamps, at all fixed positions of the movable component(s).

The inwards geometric visibility requirement(s) is(are) deemed to be satisfied if this(these) interdependent lamp(s) still conform(s) to the photometric values prescribed in the field of light distribution for the approval of the device, at all fixed positions of the movable component(s).

For direction indicator lamps, the interdependent lamp(s) specified by the Applicant during the device approval procedure shall meet all the position, geometric visibility, photometric and colorimetric requirements at all fixed positions of the movable component(s). This does not apply where, to fulfil or complete the geometric visibility angle, additional lamps are activated when the movable component is in any fixed open position, provided that these additional lamps satisfy all the position, photometric and colorimetric requirements applicable to the direction indicator lamps installed on the movable component.

5.19.When the movable components are in a position other than a "normal position of use", the devices installed on them shall not cause undue discomfort to road users.

5.20.When a lamp is installed on a movable component and the movable component is in the "normal position(s) of use", the lamp shall always return to the position(s) specified by the manufacturer in accordance with this Regulation. In the case of dipped-beam headlamps and front fog lamps, this requirement shall be considered satisfied if, when the movable components are moved and returned to the normal position 10 times, no value of the angular inclination of these lamps, relative to its support, measured after each operation of the movable component, differs by more than 0.15 per cent from the average of the 10 measured values. If this value is exceeded each limit specified in paragraph 6.2.6.1.1. shall then be modified by this excess to decrease the allowed range of inclinations when checking the vehicle according to Annex 6.

2.1.1.5.All the seats occupied, plus an evenly distributed load in the luggage boot, in order to obtain the permissible load on the rear axle or on the front axle if the boot is at the front. If the vehicle has a front and a rear boot, the additional load shall be appropriately distributed in order to obtain the permissible axle loads. However, if the maximum permissible laden mass is obtained before the permissible load on one of the axles, the loading of the boot(s) shall be limited to the figure which enables that mass to be reached;

2.1.1.6.Driver, plus an evenly distributed load in the boot, in order to obtain the permissible load on the corresponding axle.

However, if the maximum permissible laden mass is obtained before the permissible load on the axle, the loading of the boot(s) shall be limited to the figure which enables that mass to be reached.

2.1.2.In determining the above loading conditions, account shall be taken of any loading restrictions laid down by the manufacturer.

2.2.Vehicles in categories M₂ and M₃1;

The angle of the light beam from the dipped beam headlamps shall be determined under the following loading conditions:

2.2.1.Vehicle unladen and one person in the driver's seat;

2.2.2.Vehicles laden such that each axle carries its maximum technically permissible load or until the maximum permissible mass of the vehicle is attained by loading the front and rear axles proportionally to their maximum technically permissible loads, whichever occurs first.

2.3.Vehicles in category N with load surfaces:

2.3.1.The angle of the light beam from the dipped beam headlamps shall be determined under the following loading conditions;

2.3.1.1.Vehicle unladen and one person in the driver's seat;

2.3.1.2.Driver, plus a load so distributed as to give the maximum technically permissible load on the rear axle or axles, or the maximum permissible mass of the vehicle, whichever occurs first, without exceeding a front axle load calculated as the sum of the front axle load of the unladen vehicle plus 25 per cent of the maximum permissible payload on the front axle. Conversely, the front axle is so considered when the load platform is at the front.

2.4.Vehicles in category N without a load surface:

2.4.1.Drawing vehicles for semi trailers:

2.4.1.1.Unladen vehicle without a load on the coupling attachment and one person in the driver's seat;

2.4.1.2.One person in the driver's seat: technically permissible load on the coupling attachment in the position of the attachment corresponding to the highest load on the rear axle.

2.4.2.Drawing vehicles for trailers:

2.4.2.1.Vehicle unladen and one person in the driver's seat;

2.4.2.2.One person in the driver's seat, all the other places in the driving cabin being occupied.

ANNEX 6

Measurement of the variation of dipped beam inclination as a function of load

Scope

This annex specifies a method for measuring variations in motor vehicle dipped beam inclination, in relation to its initial inclination, caused by changes in vehicle attitude due to loading.

Definitions

2.1.Initial inclination

2.1.1.Stated initial inclination

The value of the dipped beam initial inclination specified by the motor vehicle manufacturer serving as a reference value for the calculation of permissible variations.

2.1.2.Measured initial inclination

The mean value of dipped beam inclination or vehicle inclination measured with the vehicle in condition No. 1, as defined in Annex 5, for the category of vehicle under test. It serves as a reference value for the assessment of variations in beam inclination as the load varies.

2.2.Dipped beam inclination

It may be defined as follows:

Either as the angle, expressed in milliradians, between the direction of the beam towards a characteristic point on the horizontal part of the cut off in the luminous distribution of the headlamp and the horizontal plane,

Or by the tangent of that angle, expressed in percentage inclination, since the angles are small (for these small angles, 1 per cent is equal to 10 mrad).

If the inclination is expressed in percentage inclination, it can be calculated by means of the following formula:

where:

h₁ is the height above the ground, in millimetres, of the above mentioned characteristic point, measured on a vertical screen perpendicular to the vehicle longitudinal median plane, placed at a horizontal distance L.

h₂ is the height above the ground, in millimetres, of the centre of reference (which is taken to be the nominal origin of the characteristic point chosen in h1):

L is the distance, in millimetres, from the screen to the centre of reference.

Negative values denote downward inclination (see Figure 1).

Positive values denote upward inclination.

Figure 1

Dipped beam downward inclination of a category M₁ vehicle

Notes:

1. This drawing represents a category M₁ vehicle, but the principle shown applies equally to vehicles of other categories.

2. Where the vehicle does not incorporate a headlamp levelling system, the variation in dipped beam inclination is identical with the variation in the inclination of the vehicle itself.

Measurement conditions

3.1.If a visual inspection of the dipped beam pattern on the screen or a photometric method is used, measurement shall be carried out in a dark environment (for example, a dark room) of sufficient area to allow the vehicle and the screen to be placed as shown in Figure 1. Headlamp centres of reference shall be at a distance from the screen of at least 10 m.

3.2.The ground on which measurements are made shall be as flat and horizontal as possible, so that the reproducibility of measurements of dipped beam inclination can be assured with an accuracy of " 0.5 mrad (±0.05 per cent inclination).

3.3.If a screen is used, its marking, position and orientation in relation to the ground and to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle, shall be such that the reproducibility of the measurement of the dipped beam inclination can be assured with an accuracy of "0.5 mrad ("0.05 per cent inclination).

3.4.During measurements, the ambient temperature shall be between 10 and 30 °C.

Vehicle preparation

4.1.Measurements shall be carried out on a vehicle which has travelled a distance of between 1,000 km and 10,000 km, preferably 5,000 km.

4.2.Tyres shall be inflated to the full load pressure specified by the vehicle manufacturer. The vehicle shall be fully replenished (fuel, water, oil) and equipped with all the accessories and tools specified by the manufacturer. Full fuel replenishment means that the fuel tank shall be filled to not less than 90 per cent of its capacity.

4.3.The vehicle shall have the parking brake released and the gearbox in neutral.

4.4.The vehicle shall be conditioned for at least 8 h at the temperature specified in paragraph 3.4. above.

4.5.If a photometric or visual method is used, headlamps with a well-defined dipped-beam cut off should preferably be installed on the vehicle under test in order to facilitate the measurements. Other means are allowed to obtain a more precise reading (for example, removal of the headlamp lens).

Test procedure

5.1.General

The variations in either dipped beam or vehicle inclination, depending on the method chosen, shall be measured separately for each side of the vehicle. The results obtained from both left and right headlamps under all the load conditions specified in Annex 5, shall be within the limits set out in paragraph 5.5. below. The load shall be applied gradually without subjecting the vehicle to excessive shocks.

5.1.1.Where an AFS is fitted, the measurements shall be carried out with the AFS in its neutral state.

5.2.Determination of the measured initial inclination

The vehicle shall be prepared as specified in paragraph 4. above and laden as specified in Annex 5 (first loading condition of the respective vehicle category). Before each measurement, the vehicle shall be rocked as specified in paragraph 5.4. below. Measurements shall be made three times.

5.2.1.If none of the three measured results differ by more than 2 mrad (0.2 per cent inclination) from the arithmetic mean of the results, that mean shall constitute the final result.

5.2.2.If any measurement differs from the arithmetic mean of the results by more than 2 mrad (0.2 per cent inclination), a further series of 10 measurements shall be made, the arithmetic mean of which shall constitute the final result.

5.3.Measurement methods

Any method may be used to measure variations of inclination provided that the readings are accurate to within ±0.2 mrad (±0.02 per cent inclination).

5.4.Treatment of vehicle in each loading condition

The vehicle suspension and any other part likely to affect dipped beam inclination shall be activated according to the methods described below.

However, the technical authorities and manufacturers may jointly propose other methods (either experimental or based upon calculations), especially when the test poses particular problems, provided such calculations are clearly valid.

5.4.1.M₁ category vehicles with conventional suspension

With the vehicle standing on the measuring site and, if necessary, with the wheels resting on floating platforms (which shall be used if their absence would lead to restriction of the suspension movement likely to affect the results of measurements), rock the vehicle continuously for at least three complete cycles, for each cycle, first the rear and then the front end of the vehicle is pushed down.

The rocking sequence shall end with the completion of a cycle. Before making the measurements, the vehicle shall be allowed to come to rest spontaneously. Instead of using floating platforms, the same effect can be achieved by moving the vehicle backwards and forwards for at least a complete wheel revolution.

5.4.2.M₂, M₃ and N category vehicles with conventional suspension

5.4.2.1.If the treatment method for category M₁ vehicles described in paragraph 5.4.1. is not possible, the method described in paragraphs 5.4.2.2. or 5.4.2.3. may be used.

5.4.2.2.With the vehicle standing on the measuring site and the wheels on the ground, rock the vehicle by temporarily varying the load.

5.4.2.3.With the vehicle standing on the measuring site and the wheels on the ground, activate the vehicle suspension and all other parts which may affect the dipped beam inclination by using a vibration rig. This can be a vibrating platform on which the wheels rest.

5.4.3.Vehicles with non conventional suspension, where the engine has to be running.

Before making any measurement wait until the vehicle has assumed its final attitude with the engine running.

5.5.Measurements

The variation of the inclination of the dipped beam shall be assessed for each of the different loading conditions in relation to the measured initial inclination determined in accordance with paragraph 5.2. above.

If the vehicle is fitted with a manual headlamp levelling system, the latter shall be adjusted to the positions specified by the manufacturer for given loading conditions (according to Annex 5).

5.5.1.To begin with, a single measurement shall be made in each loading condition. Requirements have been met if, for all the loading conditions, the variation in inclination is within the calculated limits (for example, within the difference between the stated initial inclination and the lower and upper limits specified for approval) with a safety margin of 4 mrad (0.4 per cent inclination).

5.5.2.If the result(s) of any measurement(s) does (do) not lie within the safety margin indicated in paragraph 5.5.1. or exceed(s) the limit values, a further three measurements shall be made in the loading conditions corresponding to this (these) result(s) as specified in paragraph 5.5.3.

5.5.3.For each of the above loading conditions:

5.5.3.1.If none of the three measured results differs by more than 2 mrad (0.2 per cent inclination) from the arithmetic mean of the results, that mean shall constitute the final result.

5.5.3.2.If any measurement differs from the arithmetic mean of the results by more than 2 mrad (0.2 per cent inclination), a further series of 10 measurements shall be made, the arithmetic mean of which shall constitute the final result.

5.5.3.3.If a vehicle is fitted with an automatic headlamp levelling system which has an inherent hysteresis loop, average results at the top and bottom of the hysteresis loop shall be taken as significant values.

All these measurements shall be made in accordance with paragraphs 5.5.3.1. and 5.5.3.2.

5.5.4.Requirements have been met, if, under all loading conditions, the variation between the measured initial inclination determined in accordance with paragraph 5.2. and the inclination measured under each loading condition is less than the values calculated in paragraph 5.5.1. (without safety margin).

5.5.5.If only one of the calculated upper or lower limits of variation is exceeded, the manufacturer shall be permitted to choose a different value for the stated initial inclination, within the limits specified for approval.

ANNEX 7

Indication of the downward inclination of the dipped-beam headlamps cut-off referred to in paragraph 6.2.6.1.1. and downward inclination of the front fog lamp cut-off referred to in paragraph 6.3.6.1.2. of this Regulation

Example 1

The size of the symbol and characters is left to the discretion of the manufacturer.

Ý Ý

Standard symbol for
dipped-beam headlamp Value of the stated
initial adjustment

Example 2

The size of the symbol and characters is left to the discretion of the manufacturer.

Ý Ý

Standard symbol for front fog lamp Value of the downward inclination

ANNEX 8

The controls for the headlamp levelling devices referred to in paragraph 6.2.6.2.2. of this Regulation

Specifications

1.1.Downward inclination of the dipped beam shall in all cases be produced in one of the following ways:

(a) By moving a control downwards or to the left;

(b) By rotating a control in a counter clockwise direction;

(c) By depressing a button (push pull control).

If several buttons are used to adjust the beam, the button which gives the greatest downward inclination shall be installed to the left or below the button(s) for other dipped beam positions.

A rotary control which is installed edge on, or with only the edge visible, should follow the operating principles of control of types (a) or (c).

1.1.1.This control shall carry symbols indicating clearly the movements corresponding to the downward and upward inclination of the dipped-beam.

1.2.The "0" position corresponds to the initial inclination according to paragraph 6.2.6.1.1. of this Regulation.

1.3.The "0" position which, according to paragraph 6.2.6.2.2. of this Regulation has to be a "stop position", need not necessarily be at the end of the scale.

1.4.The marks used on control shall be explained in the owner's handbook.

1.5.Only the following symbols may be used to identify the controls:

Symbols employing five lines instead of four may also be used

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

ANNEX 9

Control of conformity of production

Tests

1.1.Position of lamps

The position of lamps, as defined in paragraph 2.7. of this Regulation, in width, in height and in length shall be checked in accordance with the general requirements set out in paragraphs 2.8. to 2.10., 2.14. and 5.4. of this Regulation.

The values measured for the distances shall be such that the individual specifications applicable to each lamp are fulfilled.

1.2.Visibility of lamps

1.2.1.The angles of geometric visibility shall be checked in accordance with paragraph 2.13. of this Regulation.

The values measured for the angles shall be such that the individual specifications applicable to each lamp are fulfilled except that the limits of the angles may have an allowance corresponding to the ±3º variation permitted in paragraph 5.3. for the mounting of the light signalling devices.

1.2.2.The visibility of red light towards the front and of white light towards the rear shall be checked in accordance with paragraph 5.10. of this Regulation.

1.3.Alignment of dipped-beam headlamps and class "F3" front fog lamps towards the front

1.3.1.Initial downward inclination

The initial downward inclination of the cut off of the dipped-beam and the class "F3" front fog lamps shall be set to the plated figure as required and shown in Annex 7.

Alternatively the manufacturer shall set the initial aim to a figure that is different from the plated figure where it can be shown to be representative of the type approved when tested in accordance with the procedures contained in Annex 6 and in particular paragraph 4.1.

1.3.2.Variation of inclination with load

The variation of the dipped-beam downward inclination as a function of the loading conditions specified within this section shall remain within the range:

0.2 per cent to 2.8 per cent

for headlamp mounting height h < 0.8;

0.2 per cent to 2.8 per cent

for headlamp mounting height

0.8 ≤ h ≤ 1.0; or

0.7 per cent to 3.3 per cent

(according to the aiming range chosen by the manufacturer at the approval);

0.7 per cent to 3.3 per cent

for headlamp mounting height 1.0 < h ≤ 1.2 m;

1.2 per cent to 3.8 per cent

for headlamp mounting height h > 1.2 m.

In the case of a class "F3" front fog lamp with (a) light source(s) having a total objective luminous flux which exceeds 2,000 lumens, the variation of the downward inclination as a function of the loading conditions specified within this section shall remain within the range:

0.7 per cent to 3.3 per cent

for front fog lamp mounting height h ≤ 0.8 ;

1.2 per cent to 3.8 per cent

for front fog lamp mounting height h > 0.8 m.

The states of loading to be used shall be as follows, as indicated in Annex 5 of this Regulation, for every system adjusted accordingly.

1.3.2.1.Vehicles in category M₁:

Paragraph 2.1.1.1.

Paragraph 2.1.1.6. taking into account

Paragraph 2.1.2.

1.3.2.2.Vehicles in category M₂ and M₃:

Paragraph 2.2.1.

Paragraph 2.2.2.

1.3.2.3.Vehicles in category N with load surfaces:

Paragraph 2.3.1.1.

Paragraph 2.3.1.2.

1.3.2.4.Vehicles in category N without load surfaces:

1.3.2.4.1. Drawing vehicles for semi trailers:

Paragraph 2.4.1.1.

Paragraph 2.4.1.2.

1.3.2.4.2. Drawing vehicles for trailers:

Paragraph 2.4.2.1.

Paragraph 2.4.2.2.

1.4.Electrical connections and tell tales

The electrical connections shall be checked by switching on every lamp supplied by the electrical system of the vehicle.

The lamps and tell tales shall function in accordance with the provisions set out in paragraphs 5.11. to 5.14. of this Regulation and with the individual specifications applicable to each lamp.

1.5.Light intensities

1.5.1.Main beam headlamps

The aggregate maximum intensity of the main beam headlamps shall be checked by the procedure described in paragraph 6.1.9.2. of this Regulation. The value obtained shall be such that the requirement in paragraph 6.1.9.1. of this Regulation is fulfilled.

1.6.The presence, number, colour, arrangement and, where applicable, the category of lamps shall be checked by visual inspection of the lamps and their markings.

These shall be such that the requirements set out in paragraphs 5.15. and 5.16. as well as in the individual specifications applicable to each lamp are fulfilled.

ANNEX 10

Reserved

ANNEX 11

Visibility of conspicuity markings to the rear, front and side of a vehicle

(See paragraph 6.21.5. of this Regulation)

Figure 1a

Rear

25 m

Figure 1b

Front (trailers only)

25 m

Figure 2

Side

25 m

ANNEX 12

Test drive

Test drive specifications for the automatic control of the main-beam headlamps

1.1.The test drive shall be carried out in clear atmosphere[26] and with clean head-lamps
[26] Good visibility (meteorological optical range MOR > 2,000 m defined according to WMO, Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation, Sixth Edition, ISBN: 92-63-16008-2, pp 1. 9. 1/ 1. 9. 11, Geneva 1996).

1.2.The test course shall comprise test sections with traffic conditions, at speed corresponding to the relevant type of road, as described in Table 1 below:

Table 1

Test Section	Traffic conditions	Road type
	Traffic conditions	Urban areas	Multi-lane road, e.g. motorway	Country road
	Speed	50 ± 10 km/h	100 ± 20 km/h	80 ± 20 km/h
	Average percentage of the full test course length	10 per cent	20 per cent	70 per cent
A	Single oncoming vehicle or single preceding vehicle in a frequency so that the main beam will switch ON and OFF.	X	X
B	Combined oncoming and preceding traffic situations, in a frequency so that the main beam will switch ON and OFF.	X	X
C	Active and passive overtaking manoeuvres, in a frequency so that the main beam will switch ON and OFF.	X	X
D	Oncoming bicycle, as described in paragraph 6.1.9.3.1.2.	X
E	Combined oncoming and preceding traffic situations	X

1.3.Urban areas shall comprise roads with and without illumination.

1.4.Country roads shall comprise sections having two lanes and sections having four or more lanes and shall include junctions, hills and/or slopes, dips and winding roads.

1.5.Multi-lane roads (e.g. motorways) and country roads shall comprise sections having straight level parts with a length of more than 600 m. Additionally they shall comprise sections having curves to the left and to the right.

1.6.Dense traffic situations shall be taken into account."

Test drive specifications for adaptive main-beam headlamps

2.1.The test drive shall be carried out in clear atmosphere[27] and with clean head-lamps.
[27] Good visibility (meteorological optical range MOR > 2,000 m defined according to WMO, Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation, Sixth Edition, ISBN: 92-63-16008-2, pp 1. 9. 1/ 1. 9. 11, Geneva 1996)

2.2.The test course shall comprise test sections with traffic conditions, at speed corresponding to the relevant type of road, as described in Table 2 below:

Table 2

Test Section	Traffic conditions	Road type
	Traffic conditions	Urban areas	Multi-lane road, e.g. motorway	Country road
	Speed	50 ± 10km/h	100 ± 20km/h	80 ± 20km/h
	Average percentage of the full test course length	10 per cent	20 per cent	70 per cent
A	Single oncoming vehicle or single preceding vehicle in a frequency so that the adaptive main beam will react to demonstrate the adaptation process.	X	X
B	Combined oncoming and preceding traffic situations. in a frequency so that the adaptive main beam will react to demonstrate the adaptation process.	X	X
C	Active and passive overtaking manoeuvres, in a frequency so that the adaptive main beam will react to demonstrate the adaptation process.	X	X
D	Oncoming bicycle, as described in paragraph 6.22.9.3.1.2.	X
E	Combined oncoming and preceding traffic situations	X

2.3.Urban areas shall comprise roads with and without illumination.

2.4.Country roads shall comprise sections having two lanes and sections having four or more lanes and shall include junctions, hills and/or slopes, dips and winding roads.

2.5.Multi lane roads (e.g. motorways) and country roads shall comprise sections having straight level parts with a length of more than 600 m. Additionally they shall comprise of sections having curves to the left and to the right.

2.6.Dense traffic situations shall be taken into account

2.7.For the test sections A and B in the table above the engineers conducting the tests shall evaluate and record the acceptability of the performance of the adaptation process in relation to oncoming and preceding road users. This means that the test engineers shall be seated in the vehicle being tested and additionally be seated in the oncoming and preceding vehicles.

ANNEX 13

Automatic switching conditions dipped-beam headlamps

Automatic switching conditions dipped-beam headlamps¹
Ambient light outside the vehicle²	Dipped-beam headlamps	Response time
less than 1,000 lux	ON	no more than 2 seconds
between 1,000 lux and 7,000 lux	at manufacturer’s discretion	at manufacturer’s discretion
more than 7,000 lux	OFF	more than 5 seconds, but no more than 300 seconds

1 Compliance with these conditions shall be demonstrated by the applicant, by simulation or other means of verification accepted by the Type Approval Authority.

2 The illuminance shall be measured on a horizontal surface, with a cosine corrected sensor on the same height as the mounting position of the sensor on the vehicle. This may be demonstrated by the manufacturer by sufficient documentation or by other means accepted by the Type Approval Authority.

ANNEX 14

Observing area towards the apparent surface of manoeuvring and courtesy lamps

Zones of observation

This drawing shows the zone from one side, the other zones are from the front, the rear and from the other side of the vehicle

Boundaries of the zones

ANNEX 15

Gonio(photo)meter system used for the photometric measurements as defined in paragraph 2.34. of this Regulation

“

Ý	Ý
Standard symbol for front fog lamp	Value of the downward inclination

0.2 per cent to 2.8 per cent	for headlamp mounting height h < 0.8;
0.2 per cent to 2.8 per cent	for headlamp mounting height 0.8 ≤ h ≤ 1.0; or
0.7 per cent to 3.3 per cent	(according to the aiming range chosen by the manufacturer at the approval);
0.7 per cent to 3.3 per cent	for headlamp mounting height 1.0 < h ≤ 1.2 m;
1.2 per cent to 3.8 per cent	for headlamp mounting height h > 1.2 m.

0.7 per cent to 3.3 per cent	for front fog lamp mounting height h ≤ 0.8 ;
1.2 per cent to 3.8 per cent	for front fog lamp mounting height h > 0.8 m.