Statement of Principles concerning essential thrombocythaemia (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 91 of 2021) (Cth)

Statement of Principles

concerning

ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTHAEMIA
(Reasonable Hypothesis)

(No. 91 of 2021)

The Repatriation Medical Authority determines the following Statement of Principles under subsection 196B(2) of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986.

Dated      20 August 2021

The Common Seal of the
Repatriation Medical Authority
was affixed to this instrument
at the direction of:

Professor Terence Campbell AM

Chairperson

Contents

1Name........................................................................................................................................... 3

2Commencement........................................................................................................................ 3

3Authority..................................................................................................................................... 3

4Repeal......................................................................................................................................... 3

5Application................................................................................................................................. 3

6Definitions.................................................................................................................................. 3

7Kind of injury, disease or death to which this Statement of Principles relates............... 3

8Basis for determining the factors........................................................................................... 4

9Factors that must exist............................................................................................................. 4

10Relationship to service............................................................................................................. 5

11Factors referring to an injury or disease covered by another Statement of Principles. 5

Schedule 1 - Dictionary............................................................................................. 6

1Definitions.................................................................................................................................. 6

1. Name

This is the Statement of Principles concerning essential thrombocythaemia (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 91 of 2021).

1. Commencement

This instrument commences on 20 September 2021.

1. Authority

This instrument is made under subsection 196B(2) of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986.

1. Repeal

The Statement of Principles concerning essential thrombocythaemia No. 15 of 2013 (Federal Register of Legislation No. F2013L00409) made under subsection 196B(2) of the VEA is repealed.

1. Application

This instrument applies to a claim to which section 120A of the VEA or section 338 of the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 applies.

1. Definitions

The terms defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary have the meaning given when used in this instrument.

1. Kind of injury, disease or death to which this Statement of Principles relates

(1)This Statement of Principles is about essential thrombocythaemia and death from essential thrombocythaemia.

Meaning of essential thrombocythaemia

(2)For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, essential thrombocythaemia:

(a)means a chronic, Philadelphia-chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasm characterised by bone marrow megakaryocytic proliferation, resulting in excessive, clonal platelet production and marked thrombocytosis in peripheral blood; and

(b)excludes secondary or reactive thrombocytosis.

Note 1: Typical clinical manifestations of essential thrombocythaemia include formation of blood clots, bleeding, fatigue, night sweats, visual disturbances, headache, nausea and abdominal pain.

Note 2: The clinical course is usually indolent, but transformation to bone marrow failure, myelofibrosis and acute leukaemia may occur.

Note 3: Causes of secondary or reactive thrombocytosis include infection, trauma and haemorrhage.

(3)While essential thrombocythaemia attracts ICD‑10‑AM code D47.3, in applying this Statement of Principles the meaning of essential thrombocythaemia is that given in subsection (2).

(4)For subsection (3), a reference to an ICD-10-AM code is a reference to the code assigned to a particular kind of injury or disease in The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM), Tenth Edition, effective date of 1 July 2017, copyrighted by the Independent Hospital Pricing Authority, ISBN 978-1-76007-296-4.

Death from essential thrombocythaemia

(5)For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, essential thrombocythaemia, in relation to a person, includes death from a terminal event or condition that was contributed to by the person's essential thrombocythaemia.

Note: terminal event is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

1. Basis for determining the factors

The Repatriation Medical Authority is of the view that there is sound medical‑scientific evidence that indicates that essential thrombocythaemia and death from essential thrombocythaemia can be related to relevant service rendered by veterans, members of Peacekeeping Forces, or members of the Forces under the VEA, or members under the MRCA.

Note: MRCA, relevant service and VEA are defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

1. Factors that must exist

At least one of the following factors must as a minimum exist before it can be said that a reasonable hypothesis has been raised connecting essential thrombocythaemia or death from essential thrombocythaemia with the circumstances of a person's relevant service:

(1)having smoked tobacco products:

(a)in an amount of at least 10 pack-years before the clinical onset of essential thrombocythaemia; and

(b)commencing at least 5 years before the clinical onset of essential thrombocythaemia; and

if smoking has ceased before the clinical onset of essential thrombocythaemia, then that onset occurred within 15 years of cessation;

Note: one pack-year is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

(2)inability to obtain appropriate clinical management for essential thrombocythaemia.

1. Relationship to service

(1)The existence in a person of any factor referred to in section 9, must be related to the relevant service rendered by the person.

(2)The factor set out in subsection 9(2) applies only to material contribution to, or aggravation of, essential thrombocythaemia where the person's essential thrombocythaemia was suffered or contracted before or during (but did not arise out of) the person's relevant service.

1. Factors referring to an injury or disease covered by another Statement of Principles

In this Statement of Principles:

(1)if a factor referred to in section 9 applies in relation to a person; and

(2)that factor refers to an injury or disease in respect of which a Statement of Principles has been determined under subsection 196B(2) of the VEA;

then the factors in that Statement of Principles apply in accordance with the terms of that Statement of Principles as in force from time to time.

Schedule 1 - Dictionary

Note: See Section 6

1. Definitions

In this instrument:

essential thrombocythaemia—see subsection 7(2).

MRCA means the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004.

one pack-year means the amount of tobacco consumed in smoking 20 cigarettes per day for a period of 1 year, or an equivalent amount of tobacco products.

Note 1: An equivalent amount of tobacco products is 7,300 grams of smoking tobacco by weight, either in cigarettes, pipe tobacco or cigars, or a combination of same. For pipe tobacco, cigars or combinations of multiple tobacco types, 1 gram of tobacco is considered to be equal to one cigarette.

Note 2: Pack-years are calculated by dividing the number of cigarettes smoked per day by 20 and multiplying this number by the number of years the person has smoked. For example, smoking 10 cigarettes per day for 10 years is equal to 5 pack-years, and smoking 40 cigarettes per day for 10 years is equal to 20 pack-years.

relevant service means:

(a)operational service under the VEA;

(b)peacekeeping service under the VEA;

(c)hazardous service under the VEA;

(d)British nuclear test defence service under the VEA;

(e)warlike service under the MRCA; or

(f)non-warlike service under the MRCA.

Note: MRCA and VEA are also defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.

terminal event means the proximate or ultimate cause of death and includes the following:

(a) pneumonia;

(b) respiratory failure;

(c) cardiac arrest;

(d) circulatory failure; or

(e) cessation of brain function.

VEA means the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986.