Rules of the Supreme Court-Volume 1 (QLD)

Queensland Supreme Court of Queensland Act 1991 RULES OF THE SUPREME COURT Volume 1 Reprinted as in force on 5 February 1999 (includes amendments up to SL No. 338 of 1998) Reprint No. 1D This reprint is prepared by the Office of the Queensland Parliamentary Counsel Warning—This reprint is not an authorised copy

Information about this reprint These rules are reprinted as at 5 February 1999. The reprint shows the law as amended by all amendments that commenced on or before that day (Reprints Act 1992 s 5(c)). The reprint includes a reference to the law by which each amendment was made—see list of legislation and list of annotations in endnotes. This page is specific to this reprint. See previous reprints for information about earlier changes made under the ReprintsAct1992. A table of earlier reprints is included in the endnotes. Also see endnotes for information about— • when provisions commenced • editorial changes made in earlier reprints.

Queensland RULES OF THE SUPREME COURT TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 1 ORDER 1—INTERPRETATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ORDER 2—COMMENCEMENT OF CIVIL PROCEEDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 ORDER 3—PARTIES TO ACTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 1. Generally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 2. Persons under disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 3. Administration and execution of trusts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 4. Actions by Attorney-General on relation of private persons . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 ORDER 4—JOINDER OF CAUSES OF ACTION—PARTIAL RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 1. Joinder of causes of action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 2. Partial relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 ORDER 5—WRITS OF SUMMONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 ORDER 6—ENDORSEMENTS ON WRIT OF SUMMONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 ORDER 7—ISSUE OF WRITS OF SUMMONS—WARRANTS IN ADMIRALTY ACTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 1. Issue of writs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 2. Warrants in admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 ORDER 8—CONCURRENT WRITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 ORDER 9—RENEWAL OF WRITS—LOST WRITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 ORDER 10—SERVICE OF ORIGINATING PROCEEDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 1. Generally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 2. On particular defendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 3. On corporations and other bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 4. In particular actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 5. Endorsement of date of service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

2 Rules of the Supreme Court 6. Substituted service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 ORDER 11—SERVICE OUT OF THE JURISDICTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Service of foreign legal process in Queensland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 ORDER 12—APPEARANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 2. Persons under disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 ORDER 13—PROCEEDINGS BY AND AGAINST PAUPERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 ORDER 14—DISCLOSURE BY SOLICITORS—CHANGE OF SOLICITORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 ORDER 15—DEFAULT OF APPEARANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 ORDER 16—CHANGE OF PARTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 ORDER 17—THIRD PARTY AND SIMILAR PROCEEDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 ORDER 18—SUMMARY JUDGMENT IN ACTIONS WITHIN ORDER 6, RULE 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 ORDER 18A—SUMMARY JUDGMENT IN ACTIONS FOR SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE ETC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 ORDER 19—SUMMARY JUDGMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 1. Actions for account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 2. Actions for administration, declaration of right, foreclosure, redemption etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 ORDER 20—SUMMONS FOR DIRECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 ORDER 22—PLEADING GENERALLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 ORDER 23—PARTICULARS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 ORDER 24—STATEMENT OF CLAIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 ORDER 25—DEFENCE AND COUNTERCLAIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 ORDER 26—OFFER TO SETTLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 ORDER 27—REPLY, ANSWER, AND SUBSEQUENT PLEADINGS . . . . . . . . . 170 ORDER 28—MATTERS ARISING PENDING THE ACTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 ORDER 29—DEMURRER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 ORDER 30—DISCONTINUANCE ETC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 ORDER 31—DEFAULT OF PLEADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 ORDER 32—AMENDMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 ORDER 33—SECURITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 1. Security in general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 2. Security for costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

3 Rules of the Supreme Court ORDER 34—RELEASES AND CAVEATS IN ADMIRALTY ACTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 ORDER 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 1. Disclosure and inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 2. Interrogatories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 3. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 4. Transitional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 ORDER 36—ADMISSIONS—NOTICES TO PRODUCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 ORDER 37—ISSUES, INQUIRIES AND ACCOUNTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 ORDER 38—QUESTIONS OF LAW AND ISSUES WITHOUT PLEADINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 1. Questions of law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 2. Issues of fact without pleadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 ORDER 39—TRIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 1. Place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 2. Mode of trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 3. Notice and entry of trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 3A. Personal injury and death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 4. Papers for Judge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 4A. Setting actions down for trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 5. Proceedings at trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 6. Assessors, special referees, and arbitrators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 7. Writs of inquiry and references as to damages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 ORDER 40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 1. Evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 2. Examination of witnesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 3. Subpoenas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 3A. Non-party discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 4. Perpetuating testimony . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 5. Obtaining evidence for foreign tribunals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 6. Obtaining evidence under conventions respecting legal proceedings in civil and commercial matters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 7. Dispensing with rules of evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254

4 Rules of the Supreme Court ORDER 41—AFFIDAVITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 2. Affidavits and evidence in chambers in administrative jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 3. Trial on affidavit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 4. Commissioners for affidavits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 ORDER 42—MOTION FOR JUDGMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 ORDER 44—ENTRY OF JUDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 ORDER 45—RELIEF AGAINST JUDGMENTS AND ORDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 ORDER 46—MONEYS IN COURT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 2. Admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 ORDER 47—EXECUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270 Discovery in aid of execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 Execution by appointment of receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 ORDER 48—WRITS OF FIERI FACIAS, ELEGIT, AND SEQUESTRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 1. Effect of writs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 2. Sales under writs of fieri facias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 ORDER 49—ATTACHMENT OF DEBTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 ORDER 50—CHARGING ORDERS—EXECUTION AGAINST FUNDS IN COURT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 ORDER 51—WRITS OF POSSESSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288 ORDER 52—WRITS OF DELIVERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 ORDER 53—ATTACHMENT AND COMMITTAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 1. Attachment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 2. Committal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 ORDER 54—ACTIONS BY AND AGAINST FIRMS AND PERSONS CARRYING ON BUSINESS IN NAMES OTHER THAN THEIR OWN . . . . . . . . 292 ORDER 55—ACTIONS ON PENAL BONDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296 ORDER 56—PENAL ACTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 ORDER 57—ACTIONS FOR MANDAMUS AND INJUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298 ORDER 58—INSPECTION OF PROPERTY—INTERIM PRESERVATION, CUSTODY, AND MANAGEMENT OF PROPERTY—RECEIVERS—STOP ORDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 1. Interim preservation, custody, and management of property . . . . . . . . . . 299

5 Rules of the Supreme Court 2. Receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 3. Stop orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305 ORDER 59—INTERPLEADER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306 ORDER 60—STAYING PROCEEDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 ORDER 61—TRANSFERS AND CONSOLIDATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 Transfer of proceedings from one branch of the Court to another . . . . . . . . 312 ORDER 62—MOTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 ORDER 63—PETITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 ORDER 64—ORIGINATING SUMMONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 Solicitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 ORDER 65—CHAMBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 1. Jurisdiction in chambers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 Procedure in general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 ORDER 65A—LISTING APPLICATIONS FOR HEARING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 ORDER 66—ORDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 ORDER 67—PROCEEDINGS UNDER JUDGMENTS AND ORDERS . . . . . . . . . 335 2. Summons to proceed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 3. Attendances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 4. Reference to registrar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 5. Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 6. Creditors and claimants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 7. Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 8. Certificates of the registrar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 9. Further consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 10. References in admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 ORDER 68—SALES BY THE COURT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 1. In ordinary actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 2. Appraisement and sale etc. in admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 ORDER 70—APPEALS AND NEW TRIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356 1. Appeals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356 2. New trials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 3. General provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364

6 Rules of the Supreme Court 4. Appeals under statutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 5. Appeals from registrars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 6. Appeals from District Courts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 7. Exercise of appellate jurisdiction and powers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 ORDER 71—PROBATE AND ADMINISTRATION—COMMON FROM BUSINESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 1. Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 2. Probate and letters of administration with the will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371 3. Letters of administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376 4. Notice to other parties interested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379 5. Sureties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 6. Caveats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 7. Other opposition to grants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 8. Sealing probates and letters of administration granted by British Courts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 9. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 ORDER 72—PROCEEDINGS UNDER THE INTESTACY ACT 1877 . . . . . . . . . . 389 ORDER 72A—PROCEEDINGS UNDER THE PUBLIC TRUSTEE ACT 1978 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390 ORDER 73—EXECUTORS’ ADMINISTRATORS’ AND TRUSTEES’ ACCOUNTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 ORDER 74—SUMMARY RELIEF AGAINST EXECUTORS, ADMINISTRATORS AND TRUSTEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 ORDER 75—PROCEEDINGS UNDER THE TRUSTEES AND EXECUTORS ACT 1897 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398 ORDER 75A—PROVISIONS AS TO ACTIONS IN TORT BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 ORDER 76—INFANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 ORDER 77—PROCEEDINGS UNDER THE SETTLED LAND ACT 1886 . . . . . . 404 ORDER 78—ARREST OF ABSCONDING DEFENDANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 ORDER 79—FOREIGN ATTACHMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414 ORDER 80—PROCEEDINGS RELATING TO MENTALLY ILL PERSONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415 ORDER 81—RULES OF COURT RELATING TO APPLICATIONS FOR JUDICIAL REVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417

7 Rules of the Supreme Court ORDER 82—HABEAS CORPUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426 ORDER 83—ESCHEAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428 ORDER 84—COMMITTAL FOR CONTEMPT OF COURT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432 ORDER 85—APPEALS FROM LAND APPEAL COURT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 2. Appeals by way of special case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 3. Proceedings in relation to arbitration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436 ORDER 86—JURISDICTION OF MASTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438 ORDER 87—THE REGISTRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444 Admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450 ORDER 87A—FILING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451 ORDER 88—DRAWING UP JUDGMENTS AND ORDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453 ORDER 89—THE SHERIFF AND OTHER OFFICERS CHARGED WITH SERVICE AND EXECUTION OF PROCESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458 ORDER 90—TIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460 ORDER 91—COSTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463 1. Costs in general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463 3. Scale of costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467 4. Taxation of costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468 5. Directions as to taxation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474 6. Fees to counsel and other professional persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491 7. Certificate and review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493 ORDER 92—SITTINGS AND VACATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495 ORDER 93—GENERAL PROVISIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497 1. Notices, printing, paper, copies, office copies etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497 2. Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 3. Effect of noncompliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502 4. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503 ORDER 94—FORMS—FEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504 ORDER 95—DISTRICT REGISTRIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505 Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507 ORDER 96—REMOVAL OF ACTIONS TO AND FROM MAGISTRATES COURTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508 ORDER 97—ARBITRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509

8 Rules of the Supreme Court ORDER 98—CROSS VESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510 ORDER 99—ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROCESSES . . . . . . . . . 513 Division 1—Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513 Division 2—Establishment of ADR processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513 Division 3—Mediation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516 Division 4—Case appraisal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520 Division 5—ADR costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524 VOLUME 2 SCHEDULE 1—FORMS OF PROCEEDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537 SCHEDULE 2—SCALE OF COSTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843 SCHEDULE 3—SCALE OF FEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849 PART 1—REGISTRY FEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849 PART 2—REGISTRY FEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 852 SHERIFF’S AND MARSHAL’S FEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 858 ENDNOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 864 1 Index to endnotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 864 2 Date to which amendments incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 864 3 Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865 4 Table of earlier reprints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865 5 Tables in earlier reprints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 866 6 List of legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 866 7 List of annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 878 8 Transitional and savings provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 962 9 Notes relating to order 81 and forms 465–67 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 963

9 Rules of the Supreme Court TABLE OF PROVISIONS Section Page ORDER 1—INTERPRETATION 1 Interpretation of terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 1A Currency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 2 Practice incorporated in Acts by reference abrogated and repromulgated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 ORDER 2—COMMENCEMENT OF CIVIL PROCEEDINGS 1 Mode of commencement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 7 Titles of proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 8 Writs how tested and dated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 9 Address of suitor and of suitor’s solicitor to be endorsed on originating proceeding—address for service—document exchange address—name of principal and agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 10 Party suing in person to endorse address for service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 ORDER 3—PARTIES TO ACTIONS 1. Generally 1 Persons claiming jointly, severally, or in the alternative may be plaintiffs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 2 Admiralty actions for wages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 3 Action in name of wrong plaintiff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 4 Counterclaim—misjoinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5 Persons to be joined as defendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5A Joinder of parties by leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 6 Defendant need not be interested in all the relief claimed . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 7 Joinder of person severally or jointly and severally liable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 8 Plaintiff in doubt as to person from whom redress is to be sought . . . . . . . . 74 9 Trustees, executors etc. may sue and be sued as representing estate . . . . . 74 10 Numerous persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 11 Misjoinder and nonjoinder—striking out and adding parties—consent of plaintiff or next friend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 12 Application to strike out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 13 When defendant added . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

10 Rules of the Supreme Court 2. Persons under disability 14 Actions by and against infants and married women . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 15 Mentally ill persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 16 Mentally ill persons without committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 17 Next friend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 17A Adoption of actions commenced without next friend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 18 Removal and appointment of next friend and guardian ad litem . . . . . . . . . 77 19 Consent of persons under disability to procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 3. Administration and execution of trusts 20 Next of kin or class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 21 Residuary legatee and next of kin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 22 Person interested in proceeds of realty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 23 Residuary devisee or heir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 24 Beneficiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 25 Waste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 26 Executors, administrators, and trustees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 27 Conduct of action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 28 Notice of judgment to be served on certain persons—effect . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 29 Order for liberty to attend not necessary—appearance to be entered . . . . . 80 30 Form of notice of judgment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 31 Memorandum of service to be entered in registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 32 Service of notice of judgment on infants etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 33 Heir-at-law not necessary party in suit to execute trusts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 34 Where no legal personal representative, Court may appoint or dispense with person to represent estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 35 Administration—appearance at chambers in respect of creditor’s claims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 4. Actions by Attorney-General on relation of private persons 36 Relator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 37 Authority of Attorney-General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

11 Rules of the Supreme Court ORDER 4—JOINDER OF CAUSES OF ACTION—PARTIAL RELIEF 1. Joinder of causes of action 1 All causes of action may be joined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 3 Claims by trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 4 Husband and wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 5 Executors and administrators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 6 Claims by joint plaintiffs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 7 Claims for wrongs against several defendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 9 Remedy for misjoinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 10 Order for exclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 2. Partial relief 11 Declaratory judgments and orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 12 Actions relating to express trusts or the administration of the estate of a deceased person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 13 Interference with discretion of trustee etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 14 Judge not bound to order administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 15 Orders which may be made on application for judgment for administration or execution of trusts, when no accounts or insufficient accounts have been rendered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 16 Actions for determination of questions of construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 ORDER 5—WRITS OF SUMMONS 1 Action to be commenced by writ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 2 Admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 3 Crown admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 4 Title of actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 5 Form of writ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 6 Cost of prolix writs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 7 Writ for service out of the jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 8 Form of notice of writ to be given out of the jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 9 Time for appearance to be limited by writ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 10 Causes removed from inferior courts or district registries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 ORDER 6—ENDORSEMENTS ON WRIT OF SUMMONS 1 Endorsements to be made before issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

12 Rules of the Supreme Court 2 Amendment allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 3 Probate actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 5 Forms of endorsement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 6 Endorsement to show representative capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 7 Special endorsement of certain claims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 8 Further endorsement in case of certain claims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 9 Ordinary account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 10 Special endorsement of limited special relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 11 Special endorsement in actions for foreclosure etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 11A Possession after foreclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 11B Judgment in default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 12 Form of special endorsement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 14 Account in certain admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 ORDER 7—ISSUE OF WRITS OF SUMMONS—WARRANTS IN ADMIRALTY ACTIONS 1. Issue of writs 1 Preparing and printing writs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 2 Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 3 Copy to be left . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 4 Filing and marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 5 Writs issued in country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 6 Affidavit before writ in probate actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 2. Warrants in admiralty actions 11 Arrest in admiralty actions by warrant after affidavit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 12 Arrest without affidavit by leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 ORDER 8—CONCURRENT WRITS 1 Concurrent writ, how issued . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 2 Concurrent writs for service, within and without the jurisdiction . . . . . . . . 96 ORDER 9—RENEWAL OF WRITS—LOST WRITS 1 Original writ in force for 12 months, but may be renewed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 2 Evidence of renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 3 Lost writ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

13 Rules of the Supreme Court ORDER 10—SERVICE OF ORIGINATING PROCEEDINGS 1. Generally 1 Personal service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 2 Personal service, how effected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 2. On particular defendants 3 Husband and wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 4 Infants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 5 Mentally ill persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 3. On corporations and other bodies 6 Service on corporations etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 4. In particular actions 7 Service in action for recovery of land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 8 Service of writ on agent of oversea principal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 9 Service of writ in pursuance of contract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 11 Service when dispensed with in admiralty actions in rem . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 12 Service of warrant of arrest in admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 13 Mode of service of writ of summons in rem and warrants . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 14 When no access to cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 5. Endorsement of date of service 15 Endorsement to be made on writ within 3 days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 6. Substituted service 16 Substituted service may be allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 17 Evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 ORDER 11—SERVICE OUT OF THE JURISDICTION 1 Service outside Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 2 Service of notice of originating proceeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 3 Mode of service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 4 Liberty to proceed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 4A Service of summons, notices and orders in pending proceedings . . . . . . . 107 4B Application for, and grant of, leave to serve process out of the jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Service of foreign legal process in Queensland 5 Letter of request from foreign tribunal—procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

14 Rules of the Supreme Court 6 Orders for substituted service etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 7 Noncompliance with rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 8 Request from consul or consular or diplomatic agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 ORDER 12—APPEARANCE 1 Appearance to writ of summons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 2 Filing memorandum of appearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 4 Defendant’s address for service—document exchange address . . . . . . . . . 111 5 Defendant appearing in person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 6 Irregular memorandum—fictitious address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 7 Memorandum of appearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 8 Officer to enter memorandum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 9 Defendants appearing by same solicitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 10 Solicitor not entering appearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 11 Time for appearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 12 Recovery of land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 13 Landlord appearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 14 Recovery of land, person not named defendant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 15 Recovery of land, limiting defence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 16 Form of notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 17 Probate intervention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 21 Admiralty intervention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 22 Conditional appearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 2. Persons under disability 23 Appearance by infant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 24 Guardian ad litem in matters other than actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 25 Other cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 ORDER 13—PROCEEDINGS BY AND AGAINST PAUPERS 1 Suing or defending as pauper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 2 Case to be laid before counsel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 3 Affidavit by party or solicitor that case is true . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 5 No court fees payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 6 Counsel and solicitor may be assigned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

15 Rules of the Supreme Court 7 Default in proceeding by pauper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 8 Notices etc. on behalf of pauper, how to be signed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 9 Duty of solicitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 10 Pauper not to recover costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 11 Taxation of costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 ORDER 14—DISCLOSURE BY SOLICITORS—CHANGE OF SOLICITORS 1 Where name of solicitor endorsed on writ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 2 Change of solicitor by notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 3 Proceedings continued by solicitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 3A Removal of solicitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 3B Withdrawal of solicitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 4 Register of town solicitors’ addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 ORDER 15—DEFAULT OF APPEARANCE 1 Default of appearance by infant or mentally ill person—notice of application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 2 Default of appearance generally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 2A Entry of judgment by post . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 3 Liquidated demand endorsed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 4 Liquidated demand—several defendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 5 Interlocutory judgment for damages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 6 Detention of goods—interlocutory judgment for return, assessment of value and damages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 7 Detention of goods, damages and liquidated demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 8 Recovery of land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 9 Recovery of land and other claims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 9A Cases where unnecessary to proceed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 10 Setting aside judgment by default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 13 Default of appearance in actions not otherwise specially provided for . . . 125 14 Effect of judgment by default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 ORDER 16—CHANGE OF PARTIES 1 Action not abated where cause of action continues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 2 In case of marriage etc. or devolution of estate, Court may order successor to be made a party or served with notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

16 Rules of the Supreme Court 3 In case of assignment, creation, or devolution of estate or title, action may be continued . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 4 Order to carry on proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 5 Service of order to continue action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 6 Application to discharge order by person under no disability or having a guardian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 7 By person under disability, having no guardian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 8 Death of sole plaintiff or defendant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 ORDER 17—THIRD PARTY AND SIMILAR PROCEEDINGS 1 Third party notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 2 Application for leave to issue third party notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 3 Issue and service of, and entry of appearance to, third party notice . . . . . 131 4 Pleadings and third party directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 5 Copies of pleadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 6 Default of third party etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 7 Setting aside third party proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 8 Judgment between defendant and third party . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 9 Claims and issues between a defendant and some other party . . . . . . . . . 134 10 Claims by third and subsequent parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 11 Offer of contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 12 Counterclaim by defendant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 13 Consolidation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 14 Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 ORDER 18—SUMMARY JUDGMENT IN ACTIONS WITHIN ORDER 6, RULE 7 1 Application for summary judgment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 2 Manner in which application to be made . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 3 Defendant may show cause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 4 Judgment for part of claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 5 Where 1 defendant has good defence, but other not . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 6 Leave to defend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 7 Summary disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 8 Directions as to trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

17 Rules of the Supreme Court 9 Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 10 Relief from forfeiture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 10A Judgment for delivery up of chattel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 10B Setting aside judgment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 11 If writ issues from district registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 ORDER 18A—SUMMARY JUDGMENT IN ACTIONS FOR SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE ETC. 1 Application by plaintiff for summary judgment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 2 Manner in which application must be made . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 3 Judgment for plaintiff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 4 Leave to defend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 5 Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 6 Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 7 Setting aside judgment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 ORDER 19—SUMMARY JUDGMENT 1. Actions for account 1 Order for account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 2 Application, how made . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 3 Evidence in answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 2. Actions for administration, declaration of right, foreclosure, redemption etc. 4 Judgment without pleadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 5 Evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 6 Action may be directed to proceed in usual course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 ORDER 20—SUMMONS FOR DIRECTIONS 1 Summons for directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 2 Interlocutory proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 3 No affidavit to be used without leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 4 Parties to apply for directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 5 Subsequent applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 6 Cost of subsequent application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 7 Applications for judgment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 8 Adjournment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

18 Rules of the Supreme Court ORDER 22—PLEADING GENERALLY 1 Pleading to state material facts and not evidence—costs of prolix pleadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 2 Delivery of pleadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 3 Set-off and counterclaim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 4 Relief founded on separate facts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 6 Particulars to be given in certain cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 7 Printing pleadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 8 Pleadings how delivered—delivery by filing—service at document exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 9 Marking pleadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 9A Pleadings settled by counsel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 10 Plea of ‘not guilty by statute’ not to be used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 11 Specific denial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 12 Conditions precedent to be specified by party denying performance . . . . 151 12A Particulars of failure to perform a contract to be specified by party alleging failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 13 Several defences or answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 14 Pleadings to raise all grounds of defence or reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 15 Departure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 16 General denial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 17 Confession and avoidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 18 Joinder of issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 19 Effect of general denial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 20 Effect of denial of contract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 21 Effect of documents to be stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 22 Malice, knowledge etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 23 Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 24 Implied contract or relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 25 Stated or settled account to be alleged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 26 Presumptions of law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 27 Points of law may be raised by pleadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 28 Dismissal of action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

19 Rules of the Supreme Court 29 Technical objection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 30 When judgment pleaded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 31 Striking out pleading where no reasonable cause of action or defence disclosed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 32 Striking out pleadings in other cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 33 Notice to plead or set down demurrer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 ORDER 23—PARTICULARS 1 Order for particulars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 2 Effect of order for particulars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 3 Affidavit of scripts in probate actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 4 Actions for damage by collision—preliminary acts to be filed . . . . . . . . . 157 5 Opening acts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 ORDER 24—STATEMENT OF CLAIM 1 Claim beyond endorsement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 3 Relief claimed to be specifically stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 4 Probate actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 5 Statement of claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 6 Probate actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 7 Admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 8 Actions in which an insurer must be served . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 ORDER 25—DEFENCE AND COUNTERCLAIM 1 Mere denial insufficient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 2 Defence to action on bills etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 3 Defences to action for debt or liquidated demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 4 Pleading to damages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 5 Denial of right of person in representative capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 6 Time for delivery of defence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 7 Delivery of defence to a specially endorsed writ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 8 Where leave to defend given . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 9 Admissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 9A Defence of tender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 10 Counterclaim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 11 Title of counterclaim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

20 Rules of the Supreme Court 12 Claim against person not party . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 13 Appearance by third parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 14 Answer to counterclaim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 15 Answer by way of cross action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 16 Exclusion of counterclaim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 17 Discontinuance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 18 Judgment for balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 19 Notice in probate actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 20 Plea in abatement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 21 Actions for recovery of land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 ORDER 26—OFFER TO SETTLE 1 Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 2 Where offer to settle available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 3 Time for making offer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 4 Withdrawal or expiry of offer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 5 Effect of offer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 6 Disclosure of offer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 7 Acceptance of offer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 8 Legal disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 9 Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 10 Multiple defendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 11 Offer to contribute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 12 Failure to comply with offer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 ORDER 27—REPLY, ANSWER, AND SUBSEQUENT PLEADINGS 1 Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 2 Pleading by leave after reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 ORDER 28—MATTERS ARISING PENDING THE ACTION 1 Before defence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 2 Further defence or answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 3 Confession of defence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 ORDER 29—DEMURRER 1 Demurrer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

21 Rules of the Supreme Court 2 Demurrer to state whether the whole or part—ground frivolous—demurrer set aside with costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 3 Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 4 Demurrer and defence in 1 pleading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 5 Leave to plead and demur together not necessary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 6 Demurrer to claim founded on document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 7 Demurrer not entered for argument to be held sufficient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 8 Amendment pending demurrer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 9 Costs when demurrer allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 10 Effect of decision on demurrer going to whole action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 11 Where demurrer allowed to part of a pleading that part is to be deemed to be struck out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 12 Demurrer overruled with leave to plead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 13 Form of entry for argument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 14 When demurrer required to be heard before Court of Appeal . . . . . . . . . . 175 16 Pleadings for Judges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 ORDER 30—DISCONTINUANCE ETC. 1 Discontinuance of action before defence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 2 Not otherwise except by leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 3 Court may allow a defendant to discontinue his or her defence . . . . . . . . 176 4 Effect on consolidated actions and on counterclaims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 5 Withdrawal by consent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 6 Entering judgment on discontinuance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 ORDER 31—DEFAULT OF PLEADING 1 Default of plaintiff in delivering statement of claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 1A Entry of judgment by post . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 2 Liquidated demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 3 Liquidated demand—several defendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 4 Interlocutory judgment for damages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 5 Detention of goods—interlocutory judgment for return, assessment of value and damages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 6 Detention of goods, damages and liquidated demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 7 Recovery of land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

22 Rules of the Supreme Court 8 Recovery of land and other claims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 9 Defence to part of claim only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 10 Probate actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 11 Default in other cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 12 One of several defendants in default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 13 When statements of fact put in issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 14 Judgment by default in other cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 15 Setting aside judgment by default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 16 Effect of judgment by default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 17 Counterclaims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 ORDER 32—AMENDMENT 1 Amendment in general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 2 Amendment of writs of summons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 3 Amendment of statement of claim by plaintiff without leave . . . . . . . . . . 184 4 Amendment of counterclaim or set-off by defendant without leave . . . . . 185 5 Disallowance of amendment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 6 Pleading to amended pleading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 7 Amendment by leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 8 Failure to amend after order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 9 Amendments of delivered documents how made . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 10 Date of order and date of amendment to be marked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 11 Delivery of amended pleadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 12 Clerical mistakes and accidental omissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 13 General power to amend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 14 Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 ORDER 33—SECURITY 1. Security in general 1 General form of security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 2 Title—attestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 3 Form of bond for security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 4 Two sureties required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 5 Notice of sureties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

23 Rules of the Supreme Court 6 Justification of sureties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 7 Affidavits of justification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 8 Registrar to be satisfied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 9 Reference to Judge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 10 Security to be filed of record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 11 Enforcement of security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 12 To be filed within 6 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 13 Payment into court in lieu of security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 2. Security for costs 14 Security for costs of plaintiff and counterclaiming defendant . . . . . . . . . . 190 15 Second action for same cause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 16 Security to be given . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 17 Amount of security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 18 Security not required from sailors in admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 20 Staying proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 21 Disposal of money paid into court . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 22 Registrar to certify at conclusion of cause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 23 Saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 ORDER 34—RELEASES AND CAVEATS IN ADMIRALTY ACTIONS 1 Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 2 Caveat against release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 3 On payment into registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 4 Release of cargo arrested for freight only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 5 In salvage actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 6 On filing bail bond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 7 On consent or discontinuance or dismissal of action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 8 To be left with marshal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 9 Registrar may require Judge’s order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 10 Liability for delaying release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 11 Caveat against warrant to arrest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 12 Caveat warrant book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 13 Writ to be served on party entering caveat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

24 Rules of the Supreme Court 14 Security to be given within 3 days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 15 If security not given, action may proceed as on default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 16 Judgment may be enforced by attachment and warrant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 17 Arrest notwithstanding caveat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 18 Caveat payment book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 19 Address of caveator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 20 Withdrawal of caveats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 21 Caveat may be overruled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 ORDER 35 1. Disclosure and inspection 1 Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 2 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 3 Nature of disclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 4 Duty to disclose documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 5 Documents to which disclosure does not apply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 6 Privilege claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 7 Disclosure by delivery of copies of documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 8 Requirement to produce documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 9 Disclosure by inspection of documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 10 Procedure for disclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 11 Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 12 Deferral of disclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 13 Inspection of documents mentioned in pleadings or affidavits . . . . . . . . . 201 14 Court orders relating to disclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 15 Relief from duty to disclose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 16 Consequences of non-disclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 17 Certificate by solicitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 18 Production of documents at trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 2. Interrogatories 19 Entitlement to deliver interrogatories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 20 Delivery of interrogatories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 21 Granting of leave to deliver interrogatories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

25 Rules of the Supreme Court 22 Answering interrogatories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 23 Statement in answer to interrogatories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 24 Grounds for objection to answering interrogatories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 25 Unnecessary interrogatories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 26 Identity of individual by whom verifying affidavit to be made . . . . . . . . . 207 27 Failure to answer interrogatory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 28 Failure to comply with Court order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 29 Tendering answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 3. General 30 Public interest considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 31 Service on solicitors of disclosure orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 32 Attachment of solicitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 33 Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 34 Right to disclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 4. Transitional 35 Proceedings already commenced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 ORDER 36—ADMISSIONS—NOTICES TO PRODUCE 1 Notice of admission of facts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 2 Notice to admit facts or documents—costs of refusal or neglect to admit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 3 Form of notice and admission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 4 Notice under the Evidence Act 1977, s 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 5 Judgment or order upon admissions of facts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 6 Affidavit of signature to admissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 7 Notice to produce documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 ORDER 37—ISSUES, INQUIRIES AND ACCOUNTS 1 Issues may be prepared and settled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 5 Inquiries and accounts when directed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 ORDER 38—QUESTIONS OF LAW AND ISSUES WITHOUT PLEADINGS 1. Questions of law 1 Special case by consent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 2 Special case by order before trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

26 Rules of the Supreme Court 3 Special case to be filed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 4 Leave to set down where infant, or mentally ill person is a party . . . . . . . 215 5 Agreement as to payment of money and costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 6 Form of entry for argument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 7 Special case may be heard before Court of Appeal in the first instance . 215 9 Copies for Judges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 10 Application of order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 11 No special case under Equity Act 1867 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 2. Issues of fact without pleadings 12 Trial of questions of fact agreed upon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 13 Order for payment of sum of money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 14 Entry of judgment upon the finding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 15 Record of proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 ORDER 39—TRIAL 1. Place 1 Place of trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 2. Mode of trial 4 Trial by jury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 5 Trial by Judge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 6 Mode of trial in admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 7 Causes not formerly triable without jury may be tried by Judge and assessors, or referee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 8 Issue requiring prolonged examination of documents etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 9 Changing mode of trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 10 Court may direct trial with jury at any time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 11 Jury of 4 unless otherwise stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 12 Trying of questions in different ways and at different times . . . . . . . . . . . 219 13 Trial to be before single Judge, unless specially ordered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 3. Notice and entry of trial 14 Notice of trial by plaintiff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 15 Notice of trial by defendant—motion to dismiss for want of prosecution . 221 16 Form of notice of trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 17 Length of notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

27 Rules of the Supreme Court 18 Entry of cause for trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 19 Avoidance of notice of trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 20 Notice of trial at Brisbane, Rockhampton, Townsville or Cairns . . . . . . . 222 21 Notice of trial in the country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 22 Countermanding notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 23 Entry for trial by party served with notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 24 Trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 24A Power to certify for speedy trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 26 Trial in default of appearance in admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 27 In default of pleading in admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 28 In case of accounts in admiralty actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 29 Setting down causes for further consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 3A. Personal injury and death 29A Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 29B Setting down for trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 29C Plaintiff’s statement of loss and damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 29D Defendant’s expert and economic evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 29E Insurers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 29F Legal advice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 29G Pleadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 29H Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 29I Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 4. Papers for Judge 30 Copies of pleadings etc. to be delivered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 4A. Setting actions down for trial 30A Lists and date of trial—readiness for trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 5. Proceedings at trial 31 Default of appearance by defendant at trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 32 Default of appearance by plaintiff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 33 Judgment by default may be set aside on terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 34 Adjournment of trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 34A Disallowance of vexatious questions on cross-examination . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

511 Rules of the Supreme Court ˙ Special federal matters 4.(1) Where a matter for determination is a special federal matter the plaintiff or the defendant, as the case may be, shall give particulars of that special matter in the endorsement required under rule 3(4). (2) The Court shall not determine a proceeding which raises for determination a special federal matter unless it is satisfied that the notice required by section 6(3)(a) of the cross-vesting laws sufficiently specifies the nature of that special federal matter. ˙ Service 5.(1) Notwithstanding order 11 any originating proceeding or notice of an originating proceeding that contains a claim in which the cross-vesting laws are relied on may be served outside the jurisdiction. (2) Where a defendant is served outside the jurisdiction under subrule (1) and the defendant does not enter an unconditional appearance no further step shall be taken by the plaintiff unless the Court gives leave to proceed. (3) The Court shall not give leave to proceed unless it is satisfied— (a) that jurisdiction under the cross-vesting laws is being invoked; and, (b) that the Court is a convenient court in which to determine the matter. (4) An application for leave to proceed shall be made by summons or it may be included in the summons for directions under rule 6. (5) An order under subrule (2) giving leave to proceed does not prevent the Court from subsequently transferring the proceeding to another court. ˙ Directions 6.(1) The first party to invoke the cross-vesting laws shall take out a summons for directions and serve it on all other parties. (2) Where the plaintiff is required to take out the summons for directions the summons shall be taken out and served within 7 days of the plaintiff being served with the first notice of appearance.

512 Rules of the Supreme Court (3) Where a defendant is required to take out the summons for directions the summons shall be taken out and served within 7 days of the delivery or service, as the case may be, of the process which invokes the cross-vesting laws. (4) When a proceeding is transferred to the Court from another court the party who originated the proceeding shall within 14 days of the date of the order transferring the proceeding file and serve a summons for directions and in default of any other party may do so or the Court may call the parties before it of its own motion. (5) On the hearing of the summons for directions the Court shall give any direction or make any decision as to the conduct of the proceeding that the Court thinks proper. (6) The Court may at the trial or hearing of the proceeding vary an order or decision made on the summons for directions. ˙ Transfer of proceedings 7.(1) Unless the Court orders otherwise when the Court makes an order transferring a proceeding to another court the registrar shall send to the Court to which the proceeding is transferred all documents filed and orders made in the proceeding. (2) When a proceeding is transferred to the Court from another court the registrar shall give it a number or title. ˙ Transfer on Attorney-General’s application 8. An application by an Attorney-General under sections 5 or 6 of the cross-vesting laws for the transfer of a proceeding may be made by summons without the Attorney-General becoming a party to the proceeding. ˙ Transfer to Court when no proceeding pending 9.(1) Where a proceeding is removed to the Court pursuant to section 8 of the cross-vesting laws the Court may immediately on that removal, give any direction, make any decision or direct the parties to take any step that the Court sees fit.

513 Rules of the Supreme Court (2) The powers exercisable under subrule (1)— (a) are in addition to the powers exercisable under rule 6; and, (b) include the powers to give any directions that could have been given by the court or tribunal from which the proceeding was removed. ORDER 99—ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROCESSES Division 1—Definitions ˙ Definitions for order 1. In this order— “ADR costs” include— (a) for a mediation—the extra costs mentioned in rule 15; 3 and (b) for a case appraisal—the extra costs mentioned in rule 24. 4 “referred dispute” means a dispute referred to a case appraiser under rule 21. “Supreme Court” includes a Judge. Division 2—Establishment of ADR processes ˙ Approval as mediator 2.(1) A person seeking approval as a mediator must— (a) make application in form 514; and 3 Rule 15 (Mediator may seek independent advice) 4 Rule 24 (Case appraiser may seek information)

514 Rules of the Supreme Court (b) pay the fee prescribed under schedule 3, part 2; and (c) satisfy the Senior Judge Administrator the person is a suitable person to be approved as a mediator. (2) The Senior Judge Administrator must inform the registrar of an approval of a person as a mediator. (3) If the Senior Judge Administrator decides not to approve a person as mediator, the Senior Judge Administrator must give the person a statement of reasons for the decision. ˙ Approval as case appraiser 3.(1) A person seeking approval as a case appraiser must— (a) be a barrister or solicitor of 5 years standing; and (b) make application in form 515; and (c) pay the fee prescribed under schedule 3, part 2; and (d) satisfy the Senior Judge Administrator the person is a suitable person to be approved as a case appraiser. (2) The Senior Judge Administrator must inform the registrar of an approval of a person as a case appraiser. (3) If the Senior Judge Administrator decides not to approve a person as case appraiser, the Senior Judge Administrator must give the person a statement of reasons for the decision. ˙ ADR register 4. The ADR register must contain the fees notified to the registrar under rule 5. ˙ Information to be given to registrar by ADR convenors and venue providers 5.(1) A person intending to provide a venue for ADR processes must give notice to the registrar in form 516 of the person’s name and address and the address of the venue.

515 Rules of the Supreme Court (2) A person intending to act as a mediator, case appraiser or venue provider for ADR processes must give notice to the registrar of the fee the person intends to charge for providing the services or venue. (3) If a person intends to change the fee notified to the registrar, the person must give notice of the change to the registrar in form 517 at least 4 weeks before the change is effective. (4) Notice of the fee may be given by notifying the way the fee may be worked out, including, for example, an hourly or daily rate of charge or another way approved by the registrar. ˙ Form of consent order for ADR process 6. For the Supreme Court of Queensland Act 1991 , section 100H, 5 the consent order must be made, as far as practicable, in form 518. ˙ Registrar to give notice of proposed reference to ADR process 7.(1) The Supreme Court may direct the registrar to give written notice to the parties (the “referralnotice” ) that the parties’ dispute is to be referred, by order, to an ADR process to be conducted by a specified mediator or case appraiser. (2) A party may object to the reference by filing an objection notice in the registry. (3) The objection notice must— (a) state the reasons why the party objects to the referral; and (b) be filed within 7 days after the objecting party receives the referral notice. (4) If an objection notice is filed, the Supreme Court may require the parties or their representatives to attend before it (the “hearing” ). (5) The court may make an order at the hearing it considers appropriate in the circumstances. 5 Section 100H (Parties may agree to ADR process)

516 Rules of the Supreme Court ˙ Proceedings referred to ADR process are stayed 8. If a dispute is referred to an ADR process, the dispute and all claims made in the dispute are stayed until— (a) the report of the ADR convenor certifying the finish of the ADR process is filed with the registrar; or (b) the Supreme Court otherwise orders. ˙ When does a party impede an ADR process? 9. A party impedes an ADR process if the party— (a) fails to attend at the process; or (b) fails to participate in the process; or (c) fails to pay an amount the party is required to pay under a referring order within the time stated in the order. Division 3—Mediation ˙ Referral of dispute to appointed mediator 10.(1) A referring order for a mediation must— (a) appoint as mediator— (i) a specified mediator; or (ii) a mediator to be selected by the parties; or (iii) if all parties agree, a person who is not a mediator; and (b) include enough information about pleadings, statements of issues or other documents to inform the mediator of the dispute and the present stage of the proceeding between the parties; and (c) fix a period beyond which the mediation may extend only with the authorisation of the parties or estimate how long the mediation should take to finish. (2) The order must also— (a) fix the ADR costs or estimate the costs to the extent possible; and

517 Rules of the Supreme Court (b) state the percentage of ADR costs each party must pay; and (c) state a time (not more than 7 days) within which the ADR costs, including any fee negotiated under subrule (3), must be paid to the registrar. (3) Instead of fixing or estimating the appointed mediator’s fee, the order may direct the parties to negotiate a fee with the appointed mediator. (4) A person appointed as mediator under subrule (1)(a)(iii) is taken to be a mediator for the mediation and issues incidental to the mediation. (5) An order must, as far as practicable, be made in form 519. ˙ When mediation must start and finish 11. A mediator must start a mediation as soon as possible after the mediator’s appointment and try to finish the mediation within 28 days after the appointment. ˙ Parties must assist mediator 12. The parties must act reasonably and genuinely in the mediation and help the mediator to start and finish the mediation within the time estimated or fixed in the referring order. ˙ Mediator’s role 13.(1) The mediator may gather information about the nature and facts of the dispute in any way the mediator decides. (2) The mediator may decide whether a party may be represented at the mediation and, if so, by whom. (3) During the mediation, the mediator may see the parties, with or without their representatives, together or separately. ˙ Liberty to apply 14. The mediator, a party or the registrar may apply to the Supreme Court at any time for directions on any issue about the mediation.

518 Rules of the Supreme Court ˙ Mediator may seek independent advice 15.(1) The mediator may seek legal or other advice about the dispute from independent third parties. (2) However, if the advice involves extra cost, the mediator must first obtain— (a) the parties’ agreement to pay the extra cost; or (b) the Supreme Court’s leave. (3) If the court gives leave under subrule (2)(b), the court must also— (a) order the parties to pay the extra cost; and (b) state the time within which the payment must be made to the registrar. (4) The mediator must disclose the substance of the advice to the parties. ˙ Record of mediation resolution 16.(1) Unless the parties otherwise agree, the mediator must ensure that an agreement mentioned in the SupremeCourtofQueenslandAct1991 , section 100N 6 is— (a) placed in a sealed container, for example, an envelope; and (b) marked with the court file number; and (c) endorsed ‘Not to be opened without an order of the Supreme Court or a Judge’; and (d) filed in the court. (2) The container may be opened only if the Supreme Court orders it to be opened. (3) No fee is payable for filing the container. ˙ Abandonment of mediation 17.(1) The mediator may abandon the mediation if the mediator 6 Section 100N (Mediated resolution agreement)

519 Rules of the Supreme Court considers further efforts at mediation will not lead to the resolution of the dispute or an issue in the dispute. (2) Before abandoning the mediation, the mediator must— (a) inform the parties of the mediator’s intention; and (b) give them an opportunity to reconsider their positions. ˙ Mediator to file certificate 18.(1) For the Supreme Court of Queensland Act 1991 , section 100O, 7 the mediator must file a certificate in form 520. (2) The certificate must not contain comment about the extent to which a party participated or refused to participate in the mediation. (3) However, the certificate may indicate that a party did not attend the mediation. (4) No fee is payable for filing the container. ˙ Unsuccessful mediations 19. If a mediation is unsuccessful, the dispute may go to trial in the ordinary way without any inference being drawn against any party because of the failure to settle at the mediation. ˙ Replacement of mediator 20.(1) The Supreme Court may, by further order, revoke the appointment of a mediator and appoint someone else as mediator if the court is satisfied it is desirable to do so. (2) When appointing a substitute mediator, the court may decide the amount (if any) to be paid to the retiring mediator for work done. 7 Section 100O (Mediator to file certificate)

520 Rules of the Supreme Court Division 4—Case appraisal ˙ Referral of dispute to appointed case appraiser 21.(1) A referring order for a case appraisal must— (a) appoint as case appraiser— (i) a specified case appraiser; or (ii) a case appraiser to be selected by the parties; and (b) include enough information about pleadings, statements of issues or other documents to inform the case appraiser of the dispute and the present stage of the proceeding between the parties; and (c) fix a period beyond which the case appraisal may extend only with the authorisation of the parties or estimate how long the case appraisal should take to finish. (2) The order must also— (a) fix the ADR costs or estimate the costs to the extent possible; and (b) state the percentage of ADR costs each party must pay; and (c) state a time (not more than 7 days) within which the ADR costs, including any fee negotiated under subrule (3), must be paid to the registrar. (3) Instead of fixing or estimating the appointed case appraiser’s fee, the order may direct the parties to negotiate a fee with the appointed case appraiser. (4) An order must, as far as practicable, be made in form 519. ˙ Jurisdiction of case appraiser 22.(1) The case appraiser for a referred dispute has the power of the Supreme Court to decide the issues in dispute in the referred dispute. (2) However, the case appraiser— (a) may only give a decision that could have been given in the dispute if it had been decided by the court; and

521 Rules of the Supreme Court (b) cannot punish for contempt. (3) Subrule (1) is subject to rule 30. 8 ˙ Appearances 23. A party appearing before a case appraiser has the same rights to appear by lawyer or otherwise the party would have if the appearance were before the Supreme Court. ˙ Case appraiser may seek information 24. A case appraiser may ask anyone for information and may obtain, and act on, information obtained from anyone on any aspect of the dispute. ˙ Case appraisal proceeding may be recorded 25.(1) A case appraiser may have the case appraisal proceeding recorded if the case appraiser considers it appropriate, in the special circumstances of the case. (2) If the proceeding is to be recorded, the case appraiser must decide the extent to which, and the way in which, the recording may be done. ˙ Case appraiser’s decision 26.(1) A case appraiser’s decision must be in writing, but the case appraiser need not give reasons for the decision. (2) However, a case appraiser may, at any stage of a case appraisal proceeding, decline to proceed further with the proceeding. Example of subsection (2)— The dispute proves to be unsuitable for case appraisal. (3) A copy of the decision must be given to each party. 8 Rule 30 provides that a party dissatisfied with a case appraiser’s decision may elect to go to trial.

522 Rules of the Supreme Court ˙ Case appraiser’s decision on costs in the dispute 27.(1) In a referred dispute, a case appraiser has the same power to award costs in the dispute the Supreme Court would have had if it had heard and decided the dispute. (2) A case appraiser’s decision under rule 26(1) must include a decision on costs in the dispute. ˙ Case appraiser’s decision final unless election made 28. A case appraiser’s decision is final, unless an election to go to trial is made under rule 30. ˙ Case appraiser to file certificate and decision 29.(1) For the Supreme Court of Queensland Act 1991 , section 100P, 9 the case appraiser must file a certificate in form 521. (2) If the case appraiser makes a decision about the dispute or any issue in the dispute, the case appraiser must— (a) place the written decision in a sealed container, for example, an envelope; and (b) mark the container with the court file number; and (c) endorse the container ‘Not to be opened without an order of the Supreme Court or a Judge’; and (d) file the container in the court. (3) The container may be opened only if the Supreme Court orders it to be opened. (4) No fee is payable for filing the certificate and decision. ˙ Dissatisfied party may elect to go to trial 30.(1) A party who is dissatisfied with a case appraiser’s decision may elect to have the dispute go to trial in the ordinary way by filing an election 9 Section 100P (Case appraiser to file certificate and decision)

523 Rules of the Supreme Court in form 522 with the registrar. (2) The election must be filed within 28 days after the case appraiser’s certificate is filed in registry. (3) If an election is filed— (a) the case appraiser’s decision ceases to have effect other than as provided by rule 31; and (b) the dispute must be decided in the Supreme Court as if it had never been referred to the case appraiser. ˙ Court to have regard to case appraiser’s decision when awarding costs 31.(1) In this rule— “challenger” means a party who filed an election under rule 30. (2) If the Supreme Court’s decision in the dispute is not more favourable overall to a challenger than the case appraiser’s decision in the dispute was to the challenger, the costs of the action and the case appraisal must be awarded against the challenger. (3) However, the court may make another order about costs if the court considers there are special circumstances. (4) If all parties are challengers, the case appraiser’s decision has no effect on the awarding of costs. ˙ Replacement of case appraiser 32.(1) The Supreme Court may, by further order, revoke the appointment of a case appraiser and appoint someone else as case appraiser if the court is satisfied it is desirable to do so. (2) When appointing a substitute case appraiser, the court may decide the amount (if any) to be paid to the retiring case appraiser for work done.

524 Rules of the Supreme Court Division 5—ADR costs ˙ Payment of ADR costs 33. Each party to an ADR process is severally liable for the party’s percentage of the ADR costs in the first instance. ˙ Party may pay another party’s ADR costs 34.(1) If a party to an ADR process does not pay the party’s percentage of ADR costs, another party may pay the amount. (2) If another party pays the amount, the amount is the other party’s costs in any event. ˙ Registrar to facilitate payment of ADR costs 35. After the registrar has been paid all payments under the referring order and the ADR process has finished, the registrar must pay the ADR convenor and the venue provider their fees from the funds held for the purpose. ˙ When ADR convenor or venue provider may recover further costs 36.(1) An ADR convenor or venue provider may recover an amount more than the amount paid to the convenor or provider by the registrar— (a) if the referring order estimates the ADR costs by fixing a fee rate and period for which the rate is to be paid—only if the parties authorise the ADR process to continue beyond the period fixed in the referring order; or (b) in any other case—only if the parties agree in writing to the payment of a greater amount than the amount paid by the registrar. (2) The parties are severally liable for an amount recoverable under subrule (1). (3) The amount may be recovered as a debt payable to the convenor or provider.

525 Rules of the Supreme Court ˙ Court may extend period within which costs are to be paid or grant relief 37.(1) A party may apply to the Supreme Court for an order— (a) extending the time for payment to the registrar of ADR costs; or (b) relieving the party from the effects of noncompliance with any requirement about costs. (2) The court may make any order it considers appropriate. ˙ Costs of failed ADR process are costs in the dispute 38. Unless otherwise ordered by the Supreme Court, each party’s costs of and incidental to an ADR process that did not result in the full settlement of the dispute between the parties are the party’s costs in the dispute.