R v DD

Case [2023] NSWDC 19 24 February 2023

No judgment structure available for this case.

Type to search within this case.

District Court

New South Wales

Amendment notes

Medium Neutral Citation: R v DD [2023] NSWDC 19
Hearing dates: 28 October 2022
Date of orders: 24 February 2023
Decision date: 24 February 2023
Jurisdiction: Criminal
Before: KING SC DCJ
Decision:
The offender is sentenced to a term of imprisonment commencing on 6 May 2021 with a non-parole period of 21 years and a balance of term of 7 years.
The offender will first be eligible for parole on completion of the non-parole period – 5 May 2042.
The balance of term of 7 years will expire on 5 May 2049.

Catchwords:
CRIMINAL – sentence – multiple child sexual assault offences towards his 3 step-children - adult maintain unlawful relationship with child - Indecent assault person under 16 years of age – aggravated sexual intercourse person >=14 & <16 yrs - incite aggravated indecency, victim <16 & under authority of offender - do act etc intending to pervert the course of justice – general principles – objective seriousness – mitigating factors – totality - subjective matters - other relevant matters – aggregate sentence

Legislation Cited:
Crimes Act 1900
Crimes (Administration of Sentences) Act 1999 (NSW)
Crimes (Administration of Sentences) Regulation 2014 (NSW)
Crimes (Domestic and Personal Violence) Act 2007
Crimes (High Risk Offenders) Act 2006
Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999
Criminal Procedure Act 1986.

Cases Cited:
AB v R [2014] NSWCCA 31
AB v The Queen (1999) 198 CLR 111
Alvares & Farache [2011] NSWCCA 33
Athos v R [2013] NSWCCA 205
Beavis v R [2018] NSWCCA 248
Bravo v R [2015] NSWCCA 302
BT v R [210] NSWCCA 267
Burr v R [2020] NSWCCA 282
Cahyadi v R [2007] NSWCCA 1
Chamseddine v R [2017] NSWCCA 176
Cherry v R [2017] NSWCCA 150
Collier v R [2012] NSWCCA 213
Corby v R [2010] NSWCCA 146
Davis v R [2018] NSWCCA 67
Dousha v R [2008] NSWCCA 263
Dunn v R [2007] NSWCCA 312
Elias v The Queen (2013) 248 CLR 483
GP (a pseudonym) v The Queen [2021] NSWCCA 180
Harrington v R [2005] NSWCCA 449
Hoskins v R [2016] NSWCCA 157
Ibbs v The Queen (1987) 163 CLR 447
Jonson v R [2016] NSWCCA 286
Kennedy v R (2008) 181 A Crim R
Marinells v R [2006] NSWCCA 307
Markarian v The Queen (2005) 228 CLR 357
MLP v R [2006] NSWCCA 271
MRW v R [2011] NSWCCA 260.
Naveed v R [2019] NSWCCA 149
Pearce v The Queen (1989) 194 CLR 610
PWB v R [2011] NSWCCA 84
R v AA [2017] NSWCCA 84
R v AGR (unrep, 24/7/98, NSWCCA
R v Bavadra (2000) 115 A Crim R 152
R v BJW (2000) 112 A Crim R 1
R v Butters [2010] NSWCCA 1
R v Cramp [2004] NSWCCA 264
R v Cunningham [2006] NSWCCA 176
R v Daley [2010] NSWCCA 223
R v Dent (unrep, NSWCCA, 14/3/1991
R v Dodd (1991) 57 A Crim R 349
R v Fidow [2004] NSWCCA 172
R v Fisher (1989)…

Grounds of appeal

[14] The appellant contends that the primary judge erred in finding that the respondent had discharged the onus of establishing the matters required under the relevant provision.

[15] It was submitted that his Honour failed to give adequate weight to the evidence of the second witness, and that the findings of fact were not reasonably open on the material before the Court.

[16] The respondent, for its part, submits that no error is disclosed, and that the conclusions reached were well within the range of outcomes available to the primary judge.

Consideration

[17] It is convenient to deal first with the question of construction, as the resolution of that issue informs the remaining grounds advanced by the appellant.

[18] For the reasons that follow, we are of the view that the appeal should be allowed in part and the matter remitted for further determination.

Continue reading R v DD

Details

AGLC: R v DD [2023] NSWDC 19
Case: [2023] NSWDC 19
Decision Date: 24 February 2023

CaseChat Overview and Summary

The case of R v DD dealt with the sentencing of an offender who had been convicted of multiple offences of child sexual assault against his three step-children. The incidents occurred over a period of years, and the offender had also maintained an unlawful relationship with one of the victims. The offender was found guilty of several charges, including aggravated sexual intercourse with a person aged between 14 and 16 years, indecent assault of a person under 16 years of age, and inciting aggravated indecency with a victim.

The legal issues before the court included the appropriate sentence for such serious and multiple offences against vulnerable victims, the offender’s culpability and the need for general and specific deterrence, and the potential for rehabilitation. The court was also required to consider the impact of the crimes on the victims and the need to balance these considerations against the offender's prospects for rehabilitation and the principle of proportionality.

The court examined the severity and nature of the crimes, the vulnerability of the victims, and the long-term impact on them. It noted the offender's previous convictions and the need to protect the community. After considering these factors, the court imposed a term of imprisonment with a non-parole period of 21 years, reflecting the gravity of the offences. The offender will be eligible for parole on 5 May 2042, and the balance of the sentence will expire on 5 May 2049.

Orders

Orders of the court

The offender is sentenced to a term of imprisonment commencing on 6 May 2021 with a non-parole period of 21 years and a balance of term of 7 years.

The offender will first be eligible for parole on completion of the non-parole period – 5 May 2042.

The balance of term of 7 years will expire on 5 May 2049.

Background

Background to the litigation

Full text does not contain this section.

Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

Full text does not contain this section.

Decision

Reasons for decision

Full text does not contain this section.

Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

Full text does not contain this section.

Actions

Citations

R v DD [2023] NSWDC 19

Cases Citing This Decision

No citing cases yet.

Cases Cited

GP (a pseudonym) v R [2021] NSWCCA 180
Citation 1 (Para 111)

…factors outlined by Johnson J remain relevant to the objective seriousness of the criminality under the current offence: GP (a pseudonym) v The Queen [2021] NSWCCA 180 per Brereton JA, N Adams and Cavanagh JJ at [64]:…
Burr v R [2020] NSWCCA 282
Citation 2 (Para 110)

…In Burr v R [2020] NSWCCA 282 Johnson J (with whom Leeming JA and Rotham J agreed), stated at [106]:…
Naveed v R [2019] NSWCCA 149
Citation 3

…ells v R [2006] NSWCCA 307 Markarian v The Queen (2005) 228 CLR 357 MLP v R [2006] NSWCCA 271 MRW v R [2011] NSWCCA 260. Naveed v R [2019] NSWCCA 149 Pearce v The Queen (1989) 194 CLR 610 PWB v R [2011] NSWCCA 84 R v AA [2017] NSWCCA 84 R v AGR (unrep, 24/7/98, NSWCCA R v Bavadra (2000) 115 A Crim R 152 R v BJW (200…
Beavis v R [2018] NSWCCA 248
Citation 4 (Para 113)

…was a breach of trust where the offence alleged an abuse of authority and the facts giving rise to each aggravating factor were the same: Beavis v R [2018] NSWCCA 248 at [245]-[256].…
Tepania v The Queen [2018] NSWCCA 247
Citation 5 (Para 94)

…As discussed in Tepania v R [2018] NSWCCA 247 at [112] per Johnson J, with whom Payne JA and Simpson AJA agreed:…
Davis v R [2018] NSWCCA 67
Citation 6

…Chamseddine v R [2017] NSWCCA 176 Cherry v R [2017] NSWCCA 150 Collier v R [2012] NSWCCA 213 Corby v R [2010] NSWCCA 146 Davis v R [2018] NSWCCA 67 Dousha v R [2008] NSWCCA 263 Dunn v R [2007] NSWCCA 312 Elias v The Queen (2013) 248 CLR 483 GP (a pseudonym) v The Queen [2021] NSWCCA 180 Harrington v R [2005] NSWCC…
Chamseddine v R [2017] NSWCCA 176
Citation 7 (Para 100)

…well understood that child sexual assault offences are objectively serious and cause significant and long-lasting harm to victims: Chamseddine v R [2017] NSWCCA 176 at [50]. In R v Gavel [2014] NSWCCA 56 the Court stated at [110]:…
Cherry v R [2017] NSWCCA 150
Citation 8 (Para 177)

…ms from the offender. Any breech of any form of conditional liberty is a matter of aggravation. Kennedy v R (2008) 181 A Crim R 85 at [8]; Cherry v R [2017] NSWCCA 150 at [80] . (s21A(2) (j))…
R v AA [2017] NSWCCA 84
Citation 9

…A 271 MRW v R [2011] NSWCCA 260. Naveed v R [2019] NSWCCA 149 Pearce v The Queen (1989) 194 CLR 610 PWB v R [2011] NSWCCA 84 R v AA [2017] NSWCCA 84 R v AGR (unrep, 24/7/98, NSWCCA R v Bavadra (2000) 115 A Crim R 152 R v BJW (2000) 112 A Crim R 1 R v Butters [2010] NSWCCA 1 R v Cramp [2004] NSWCCA 264 R v Cunningha…
Jonson v R [2016] NSWCCA 286
Citation 10

…een [2021] NSWCCA 180 Harrington v R [2005] NSWCCA 449 Hoskins v R [2016] NSWCCA 157 Ibbs v The Queen (1987) 163 CLR 447 Jonson v R [2016] NSWCCA 286 Kennedy v R (2008) 181 A Crim R Marinells v R [2006] NSWCCA 307 Markarian v The Queen (2005) 228 CLR 357 MLP v R [2006] NSWCCA 271 MRW v R [2011] NSWCCA 260. Naveed v…
Hoskins v R [2016] NSWCCA 157
Citation 11 (Para 205)

…le of constituting special circumstances, do not mandate that the Sentencing Judge should make that finding: R v Cramp [2004] NSWCCA 264; Hoskins v R [2016] NSWCCA 157. Before a variation is made, the Court must be satisfied that the circumstances are sufficiently special : R v Fidow [2004] NSWCCA 172.…
Bravo v R [2015] NSWCCA 302
Citation 12

…The Queen (1999) 198 CLR 111 Alvares & Farache [2011] NSWCCA 33 Athos v R [2013] NSWCCA 205 Beavis v R [2018] NSWCCA 248 Bravo v R [2015] NSWCCA 302 BT v R [210] NSWCCA 267 Burr v R [2020] NSWCCA 282 C ahyadi v R [2007] NSWCCA 1 Chamseddine v R [2017] NSWCCA 176 Cherry v R [2017] NSWCCA 150 Collier v R [2012] NSWCC…
R v Tuala [2015] NSWCCA 8
Citation 13

…a (unrep, 13/8/1990, NSWCCA) R v Simpson [2001] 53 NSWLR 704 R v T (1990) 47 A Crim R 29 R v Taouk (1992) 65 A Crim R 387 R v Tuala [2015] NSWCCA 8 R v TWP [2006] NSWCCA 141 R v Webster [2005] NSWCCA 110 R v Woods [2009] NSWCCA 55 R v XX (2009) 195 A Crim R 38 RJA v R [2008] NSWCCA 137 Ryan v R (2001) 118 A Crim R…
R v Gavel [2014] NSWCCA 56
Citation 14 (Para 100)

…lt offences are objectively serious and cause significant and long-lasting harm to victims: Chamseddine v R [2017] NSWCCA 176 at [50]. In R v Gavel [2014] NSWCCA 56 the Court stated at [110]:…
AB v R [2014] NSWCCA 31
Citation 15

…2007 Crimes (High Risk Offenders) Act 2006 Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 Criminal Procedure Act 1986. Cases Cited: AB v R [2014] NSWCCA 31 AB v The Queen (1999) 198 CLR 111 Alvares & Farache [2011] NSWCCA 33 Athos v R [2013] NSWCCA 205 Beavis v R [2018] NSWCCA 248 Bravo v R [2015] NSWCCA 302 BT v R [210]…
SW v R [2013] NSWCCA 255
Citation 16

…R [2008] NSWCCA 137 Ryan v R (2001) 118 A Crim R 538 Ryan v The Queen (2001) 206 CLR 267 Saddler v R (2009) 194 A Crim R 452 SW v R [2013] NSWCCA 255 Taylor v R [2007] NSWCCA 99 Tepania v R [2018] NSWCCA 247 Veen v R (No 2) (1988) 164 CLR 465 Veen v The Queen (1979) 143 CLR 458 Wakefield v R [ 2010] NSWCCA 12 Texts…
Athos v R [2013] NSWCCA 205
Citation 17

…edure Act 1986. Cases Cited: AB v R [2014] NSWCCA 31 AB v The Queen (1999) 198 CLR 111 Alvares & Farache [2011] NSWCCA 33 Athos v R [2013] NSWCCA 205 Beavis v R [2018] NSWCCA 248 Bravo v R [2015] NSWCCA 302 BT v R [210] NSWCCA 267 Burr v R [2020] NSWCCA 282 C ahyadi v R [2007] NSWCCA 1 Chamseddine v R [2017] NSWCCA…
Elias v The Queen [2013] HCA 31
Citation 18 (Para 5)

…represents the legislature’s assessment of the seriousness of the offence, and for this reason, provides a sentencing yardstick: Elias v The Queen (2013) 248 CLR 483. In that regard, the plurality in Markarian v The Queen (2005) 228 CLR 357 said at [31]:…
Collier v R [2012] NSWCCA 213
Citation 19

…Burr v R [2020] NSWCCA 282 C ahyadi v R [2007] NSWCCA 1 Chamseddine v R [2017] NSWCCA 176 Cherry v R [2017] NSWCCA 150 Collier v R [2012] NSWCCA 213 Corby v R [2010] NSWCCA 146 Davis v R [2018] NSWCCA 67 Dousha v R [2008] NSWCCA 263 Dunn v R [2007] NSWCCA 312 Elias v The Queen (2013) 248 CLR 483 GP (a pseudonym) v…
Stewart v R [2012] NSWCCA 183
Citation 20 (Para 61)

…as a result, care needs to be taken to avoid double counting with regard to the aggravating feature of substantial emotional harm: Stewart v R [2012] NSWCCA 183 at [61].” Here PF has provided a Victim Impact Statement where she eloquently describes the profound and deleterious effect the sexual abuse has had on her…
MRW v R [2011] NSWCCA 260
Citation 21 (Para 113)

…. The sentencing judge must indicate why there was both a breach of trust and a breach of authority and why both aggravating factors applied: MRW v R [2011] NSWCCA 260. It was held to be an error for the judge to take into account that there was a breach of trust where the offence alleged an abuse of authority and t…
Clarkson v The Queen [2011] VSCA 157
Citation 22

…th a child is intended to protect children from the physical and psychological harm taken to be caused by premature sexual activity: Clarkson v R [2011] VSCA 157, 32 VR 361 at 364[3], 368-372 [26]-[39].”…
R v PFC [2011] NSWCCA 117
Citation 23 (Para 172)

…s therefore an error to take into account the fact that the acts were unsuccessful when assessing the objective seriousness of such offences: R v PFC [2011] NSWCCA 117 at [66]-[67]. It is the tendency of the conduct which is decisive, and it is irrelevant whether the conduct does or does not bring about a miscarriag…
Alvares v R; Farache v R [2011] NSWCCA 33
Citation 24

…ure) Act 1999 Criminal Procedure Act 1986. Cases Cited: AB v R [2014] NSWCCA 31 AB v The Queen (1999) 198 CLR 111 Alvares & Farache [2011] NSWCCA 33 Athos v R [2013] NSWCCA 205 Beavis v R [2018] NSWCCA 248 Bravo v R [2015] NSWCCA 302 BT v R [210] NSWCCA 267 Burr v R [2020] NSWCCA 282 C ahyadi v R [2007] NSWCCA 1 Ch…
PWB v R [2011] NSWCCA 84
Citation 25 (Para 104)

…s to be sentenced. Generally, the younger the child, the more vulnerable and defenceless the child will be, and the more serious the criminality: PWB [2011] NSWCCA 84 at [11]. In MLP v R [2006] NSWCCA 271, a case dealing with an offence pursuant to s. 66A, Kirby J stated at [22]:…
Pfitzner v R [2010] NSWCCA 314
Citation 26

…[2006] NSWCCA 381 R v MMK (2006) 164 A Crim R 481 R v Moon (2000) 117 A Crim R 497 R v Patison (2003) 143 A Crim R 118 R v Pfitzner [2010] NSWCCA 314 R v PGM (2008) 187 A Crim R 152 R v Reynolds (unrep, 7/12/98, NSWCCA) R v Rose [2004] NSWCCA 326 R v Rushby [1977] 1 NSWLR 954 R v Sea (unrep, 13/8/1990, NSWCCA) R v S…
BT v R [2010] NSWCCA 267
Citation 27 (Para 3)

…the context of offences by persons in positions of authority over their victims than in cases where offenders are not in such a position : BT v R [2010] NSWCCA 267 at [24] per Hulme J referring to R v Woods [2009] NSWCCA 55 at [52]-[53].…
R v Daley [2010] NSWCCA 223
Citation 28

…52 R v BJW (2000) 112 A Crim R 1 R v Butters [2010] NSWCCA 1 R v Cramp [2004] NSWCCA 264 R v Cunningham [2006] NSWCCA 176 R v Daley [2010] NSWCCA 223 R v Dent (unrep, NSWCCA, 14/3/1991 R v Dodd (1991) 57 A Crim R 349 R v Fidow [2004] NSWCCA 172 R v Fisher (1989) 40 A Crim R 442 R v Gavel [2014] NSWCCA 56 R v Giang […
Corby v R [2010] NSWCCA 146
Citation 29 (Para 2)

…The age difference between the victim and the offender, which can aggravate the offence: Corby v R [2010] NSWCCA 146 at [77].…
Butters v R [2010] NSWCCA 1
Citation 30

…C ahyadi v R [2007] NSWCCA 1 Chamseddine v R [2017] NSWCCA 176 Cherry v R [2017] NSWCCA 150 Collier v R [2012] NSWCCA 213 Corby v R [2010] NSWCCA 146 Davis v R [2018] NSWCCA 67 Dousha v R [2008] NSWCCA 263 Dunn v R [2007] NSWCCA 312 Elias v The Queen (2013) 248 CLR 483 GP (a pseudonym) v The Queen [2021] NSWCCA 18…
R v Woods [2009] NSWCCA 55
Citation 31 (Para 3)

…over their victims than in cases where offenders are not in such a position : BT v R [2010] NSWCCA 267 at [24] per Hulme J referring to R v Woods [2009] NSWCCA 55 at [52]-[53].…
Clarke v R [2009] NSWCCA 49
Citation 32 (Para 12)

…m an extended period of supervision within the community a finding of special circumstances may be appropriate. For my part, as I said in R v Clark [2009] NSWCCA 49 at [12], I have considerable reservations about whether the fact that a person will be in custody for the first time is capable of constituting special…
Dousha v R [2008] NSWCCA 263
Citation 33 (Para 135)

…he fact the offences were not isolated is relevant to the question of the extent to which leniency should be afforded to the offender: see Dousha v R [2008] NSWCCA 263 at [27]. The offender is not entitled to the leniency which might be extended for an isolated instance of misconduct as distinct from repeated and di…
RJA v R [2008] NSWCCA 137
Citation 34 (Para 106)

…In RJA v R [2008] NSWCCA 137, the Court of Criminal Appeal was called upon to consider whether the Judge at first instance had erred when he took into account on sentence the age of the victim, although that was a matter which was an element of the offences, being s. 66A charges. In finding that the judge at first i…
R v Dunn [2007] NSWCCA 312
Citation 35

…WCCA 150 Collier v R [2012] NSWCCA 213 Corby v R [2010] NSWCCA 146 Davis v R [2018] NSWCCA 67 Dousha v R [2008] NSWCCA 263 Dunn v R [2007] NSWCCA 312 Elias v The Queen (2013) 248 CLR 483 GP (a pseudonym) v The Queen [2021] NSWCCA 180 Harrington v R [2005] NSWCCA 449 Hoskins v R [2016] NSWCCA 157 Ibbs v The Queen (19…
Taylor v R [2007] NSWCCA 99
Citation 36 (Para 170)

…ct 1900. Perverting the course of justice is a public justice offence. Such offences are singled out as offences of the most serious kind: Taylor v R [2007] NSWCCA 99 at [23]. They strike at the very heart of the justice system and must be severely punished whenever detected: Marinellis v R [2006] NSWCCA 307 at [10…
Cahyadi v R [2007] NSWCCA 1
Citation 37 (Para 200)

…Consistent with the approach outlined by the Court of Criminal Appeal in C ahyadi v R [2007] NSWCCA 1, the question is: can the sentence for one offence comprehend and reflect the criminality for the other offence? In this case, the answer to that question is plainly no.…
R v MAK [2006] NSWCCA 381
Citation 38

…(2005) A Crim R 252 R v Lett (unrep, 27/3/95, NSWCCA) R v Lyndon [2003] NSWCCA 152 R v MA (2004) 145 A Crim R 434 R v MAK; R v MSK [2006] NSWCCA 381 R v MMK (2006) 164 A Crim R 481 R v Moon (2000) 117 A Crim R 497 R v Patison (2003) 143 A Crim R 118 R v Pfitzner [2010] NSWCCA 314 R v PGM (2008) 187 A Crim R 152 R v…
Marinellis v R [2006] NSWCCA 307
Citation 39 (Para 170)

…lor v R [2007] NSWCCA 99 at [23]. They strike at the very heart of the justice system and must be severely punished whenever detected: Marinellis v R [2006] NSWCCA 307 at [10].…
MLP v R [2006] NSWCCA 271
Citation 40 (Para 104)

…nger the child, the more vulnerable and defenceless the child will be, and the more serious the criminality: PWB [2011] NSWCCA 84 at [11]. In MLP v R [2006] NSWCCA 271, a case dealing with an offence pursuant to s. 66A, Kirby J stated at [22]:…
R v Cunningham [2006] NSWCCA 176
Citation 41

…avadra (2000) 115 A Crim R 152 R v BJW (2000) 112 A Crim R 1 R v Butters [2010] NSWCCA 1 R v Cramp [2004] NSWCCA 264 R v Cunningham [2006] NSWCCA 176 R v Daley [2010] NSWCCA 223 R v Dent (unrep, NSWCCA, 14/3/1991 R v Dodd (1991) 57 A Crim R 349 R v Fidow [2004] NSWCCA 172 R v Fisher (1989) 40 A Crim R 442 R v Gavel…
R v TWP [2006] NSWCCA 141
Citation 42

…CCA) R v Simpson [2001] 53 NSWLR 704 R v T (1990) 47 A Crim R 29 R v Taouk (1992) 65 A Crim R 387 R v Tuala [2015] NSWCCA 8 R v TWP [2006] NSWCCA 141 R v Webster [2005] NSWCCA 110 R v Woods [2009] NSWCCA 55 R v XX (2009) 195 A Crim R 38 RJA v R [2008] NSWCCA 137 Ryan v R (2001) 118 A Crim R 538 Ryan v The Queen (200…
Callaghan v R [2006] NSWCCA 58
Citation 43 (Para 216)

…he offender to assist in DD’s treatment/rehabilitation or to avoid institutionalization. I am fully aware of the discretion to do so, Callaghan v R [2006] NSWCCA 58. That I have not done so is not the result of “error or oversight” Dunn (2007) NSWCCA 312; Lyndon (2003) NSWCCA 152; Ibrahim (2005) NSWCCA 43; Wakefiel…
Harrigan v R [2005] NSWCCA 449
Citation 44 (Para 171)

…In Harrington v R [2005] NSWCCA 449 at [47], the Court endorsed the statement of McClellan J (as he then was) in the decision of R v Giang [2001] NSWCCA 276 at [21] where His Honour stated in relation to offences of perverting the course of justice:…
Markarian v The Queen [2005] HCA 25
Citation 45 (Para 5)

…and for this reason, provides a sentencing yardstick: Elias v The Queen (2013) 248 CLR 483. In that regard, the plurality in Markarian v The Queen (2005) 228 CLR 357 said at [31]:…
R v Webster [2005] NSWCCA 110
Citation 46 (Para 198)

…ere is not much difference between the effective penalty for one or two offences and the effective penalty for six or seven offences: R v Webster [2005] NSWCCA 110 at [42].…
R v Ibrahim [2005] NSWCCA 43
Citation 47

…v Gavel [2014] NSWCCA 56 R v Giang [2001] NSWCCA 276 R v Howard [2001] NSWCCA 309 R v Hudson (unrep, 30 July 1998, CCA R v Ibrahim [2005] NSWCCA 43 R v Knight (2005) A Crim R 252 R v Lett (unrep, 27/3/95, NSWCCA) R v Lyndon [2003] NSWCCA 152 R v MA (2004) 145 A Crim R 434 R v MAK; R v MSK [2006] NSWCCA 381 R v MMK…
R v Rose [2004] NSWCCA 326
Citation 48 (Para 212)

…r the ordinary conditions of imprisonment. AB v The Queen (1999) 198 CLR 111 per Kirby J at [105]; R v Howard [2001] NSWCCA 309; R v Rose [2004] NSWCCA 326; R v Patison (2003) 143 A Crim R 118 at [136-137].…
R v Cramp [2004] NSWCCA 264
Citation 49 (Para 205)

…the non-parole period and capable of constituting special circumstances, do not mandate that the Sentencing Judge should make that finding: R v Cramp [2004] NSWCCA 264; Hoskins v R [2016] NSWCCA 157. Before a variation is made, the Court must be satisfied that the circumstances are sufficiently special : R v Fidow […
R v Fidow [2004] NSWCCA 172
Citation 50 (Para 205)

…4; Hoskins v R [2016] NSWCCA 157. Before a variation is made, the Court must be satisfied that the circumstances are sufficiently special : R v Fidow [2004] NSWCCA 172.…

Legislation Cited

Crimes (Administration of Sentences) Act 1999 (NSW)
1 mention (from Para 218)
Crimes (Domestic and Personal Violence) Act 2007 (NSW)
1 mention (from Para 222)
Crimes (High Risk Offenders) Act 2006 (NSW)
1 mention (from Para 219)
Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1900 (NSW)
1 mention
Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 (NSW)
1 mention (from Para 3)
Crimes Act 1900 (ACT)
1 mention (from Para 56)
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW)
1 mention (from Para 109)
Criminal Procedure Act 1986 (NSW)
1 mention (from Para 3)

Medium Neutral Citation:	R v DD [2023] NSWDC 19
Hearing dates:	28 October 2022
Date of orders:	24 February 2023
Decision date:	24 February 2023
Jurisdiction:	Criminal
Before:	KING SC DCJ
Decision:	The offender is sentenced to a term of imprisonment commencing on 6 May 2021 with a non-parole period of 21 years and a balance of term of 7 years. The offender will first be eligible for parole on completion of the non-parole period – 5 May 2042. The balance of term of 7 years will expire on 5 May 2049.
Catchwords:	CRIMINAL – sentence – multiple child sexual assault offences towards his 3 step-children - adult maintain unlawful relationship with child - Indecent assault person under 16 years of age – aggravated sexual intercourse person >=14 & <16 yrs - incite aggravated indecency, victim <16 & under authority of offender - do act etc intending to pervert the course of justice – general principles – objective seriousness – mitigating factors – totality - subjective matters - other relevant matters – aggregate sentence
Legislation Cited:	Crimes Act 1900 Crimes (Administration of Sentences) Act 1999 (NSW) Crimes (Administration of Sentences) Regulation 2014 (NSW) Crimes (Domestic and Personal Violence) Act 2007 Crimes (High Risk Offenders) Act 2006 Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 Criminal Procedure Act 1986.
Cases Cited:	AB v R [2014] NSWCCA 31 AB v The Queen (1999) 198 CLR 111 Alvares & Farache [2011] NSWCCA 33 Athos v R [2013] NSWCCA 205 Beavis v R [2018] NSWCCA 248 Bravo v R [2015] NSWCCA 302 BT v R [210] NSWCCA 267 Burr v R [2020] NSWCCA 282 Cahyadi v R [2007] NSWCCA 1 Chamseddine v R [2017] NSWCCA 176 Cherry v R [2017] NSWCCA 150 Collier v R [2012] NSWCCA 213 Corby v R [2010] NSWCCA 146 Davis v R [2018] NSWCCA 67 Dousha v R [2008] NSWCCA 263 Dunn v R [2007] NSWCCA 312 Elias v The Queen (2013) 248 CLR 483 GP (a pseudonym) v The Queen [2021] NSWCCA 180 Harrington v R [2005] NSWCCA 449 Hoskins v R [2016] NSWCCA 157 Ibbs v The Queen (1987) 163 CLR 447 Jonson v R [2016] NSWCCA 286 Kennedy v R (2008) 181 A Crim R Marinells v R [2006] NSWCCA 307 Markarian v The Queen (2005) 228 CLR 357 MLP v R [2006] NSWCCA 271 MRW v R [2011] NSWCCA 260. Naveed v R [2019] NSWCCA 149 Pearce v The Queen (1989) 194 CLR 610 PWB v R [2011] NSWCCA 84 R v AA [2017] NSWCCA 84 R v AGR (unrep, 24/7/98, NSWCCA R v Bavadra (2000) 115 A Crim R 152 R v BJW (2000) 112 A Crim R 1 R v Butters [2010] NSWCCA 1 R v Cramp [2004] NSWCCA 264 R v Cunningham [2006] NSWCCA 176 R v Daley [2010] NSWCCA 223 R v Dent (unrep, NSWCCA, 14/3/1991 R v Dodd (1991) 57 A Crim R 349 R v Fidow [2004] NSWCCA 172 R v Fisher (1989)…