Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations (Cth)
NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF MASTERS AND MATES) REGULATIONS.
Statutory
Rules 1931, No. 20.
Part I.—Preliminary.
Part I.—Preliminary.
Part II.—General.
Part III.—Qualifications and examinations for Foreign-going Certificates.
Division 1.—Preliminary.
Division 2.—Second Mate (Foreign-going).
Division 3.—First Mate (Foreign-going).
Division 4.—Master (Foreign-going).
Division 5.—Extra Master.
Division 6.—Sailing-ship endorsements.
Part IV.—Qualifications and examinations for Limited Coast-trade Certificates.
Division 1.—Preliminary.
Division 2.—Ordinary Certificates—Limited Coast-trade.
Division 3.—Fore-and-aft Certificates—Limited Coast-trade.
Division 4,—Steam-ship Certificates—Limited Coast-trade.
Part V.—Qualifications and examinations for River and Bay Certificates.
Division 1.—Preliminary.
Division 2.—Fore-and-aft Certificates—River and Bay Trade.
Division 3.—Steam-ship Certificates—River and Bay Trade.
Part VI.—Qualifications and examinations for Yacht Certificates and for Special Subjects.
Part VII.—Estimation of Sea Service.
Part VIII.—Conduct of Examinations.
(
(
“Appendix” means an Appendix to these Regulations;
“Candidate” means a candidate for a certificate;
“Certificate” means a Certificate of Competency as Master or Mate (as the case may be) granted in accordance with the Act, or the Merchant Shipping Act, or any State Act, or, in respect of the certificates specified in Appendix G, by the Government of any British Dominion or Possession mentioned in that Appendix;
“Fore-and-aft-rigged vessel” includes every vessel which is not a square-rigged vessel;
“Home or coasting trade ship” includes, every ship engaged in making short voyages within the limits prescribed for home-trade ships by the Merchant Shipping Act, or for home-trade or coasting ships by any State Act or any Act of any British Possession other than the Commonwealth;
“Local Examiner” or “Examiner” means any Commonwealth Examiner of Masters and Mates at any port in the Commonwealth;
“Principal Examiner” means the Principal Examiner of Masters and Mates;
“River and Bay service” means service in river and bay ships;
“Sailing ship” means a ship furnished with sails as a principal means of propulsion, and includes a ship so furnished with sails and equipped with auxiliary steam or other mechanical power for use during light winds or calms.
“Sailing vessel” has a meaning corresponding with “sailing ship”;
“Schedule” means, a Schedule to these Regulations;
“Sea service”, “served at sea”, “total sea service” in relation to Foreign-going Certificates, means service performed in the foreign-going or Australian trade, or equivalent service in the limited coast-trade;
‘‘Service in the foreign-going trade” means service performed in foreign-going or Australian-trade ships, other than service performed in such ships whilst employed on voyages between ports or places all of which are situated within the limits of the limited coast-trade prescribed for a port in the Commonwealth, or within the limits of the home trade or coast-trade of Great Britain or any of the Dominions;
“Sea service”, “served at sea”, “total sea service”, in relation to Limited Coast-trade Certificates, means service performed in the limited coast-trade or in the home or coast trades of Great Britain or any of the Dominions or in the foreign-going trade;
“Service in the limited coast-trade” means service performed in any ship (other than a River and Bay ship) engaged on-trading voyages and plying between ports or places all of which are situated within the limits of the limited coast-trade prescribed for a port in the Commonwealth, or within the limits of the home trade or coast-trade of Great Britain or any of the Dominions;
“Square-rigged vessels” includes full-rigged ships, barques, brigs, barquentines and brigantines;
“Steam-ship” means a ship using steam or other machinery as a principal means of propulsion;
“Steam vessel” has a meaning corresponding with “steamship”;
“The Act” means the
Navigation Act 1912–1926.
(2.) Where the word “lower” or “higher” is used in these Regulations as descriptive of any certificate, or grade of certificate or capacity in which the holder of a certificate may serve, the value of that certificate, or grade of certificate, shall be determined, in relation to other certificates, in the manner prescribed in the Second Schedule.
(3.) Any reference to a form in these Regulations shall be read as a reference to the form approved in that behalf by the Minister.
Part II.—General.
(2.) Where a candidate is found to be ineligible for examination, the fee paid shall be returned to him.
(3.) Subject to these Regulations, the examination fee or any part thereof shall not be returned to any unsuccessful candidate.
(4.) Where a candidate offers a gratuity to any official, he shall, in addition to any penalty to which he would otherwise be subject, be rejected and shall be debarred from examination at any port in the Commonwealth, for a period of twelve months.
(2.) The application, properly filled in, together with the applicant’s testimonials, discharges, birth, first aid and watchkeeping certificates, and sectional pass form (if any), shall be lodged with the Superintendent at the port where the applicant desires to be examined, in the case of an examination for a certificate as Extra Master, at least fourteen days, and in other cases at least four days, before the day of examination.
(3.) A candidate shall not be admitted to examination unless he has completed the prescribed period of service.
(4.) All breaks in service shall be properly accounted for to the satisfaction of the Examiner.
(2.) Proof of nationality may be made by the production of—
(
a ) the candidate’s birth certificate or a properly certified copy thereof; or(
b ) the candidate’s certificate of naturalization; or(
c ) a Certificate of Competency of a lower grade which has been granted to the candidate under these Regulations.
(3.) If a candidate cannot produce the evidence required by the last preceding sub-regulation, he must furnish, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, other documentary evidence of British nationality.
(4.) If any doubt exists as to a candidate’s nationality, the case shall be referred to the Principal Examiner for consideration and his decision in the matter shall be final.
(2.) The testimonials shall be signed by the master, or owner, or properly accredited representative thereof, of the ship in which the service was performed, and shall be such as to prove, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, the sobriety, experience, ability and general good conduct of the candidate for at least the twelve months of sea service immediately preceding the date of application for examination.
(2.) Such certificate shall be in accordance with such one of the forms in Appendix E. as is applicable.
(2.) Where the papers cannot be submitted direct to a local Examiner, they should be addressed to the Director of Navigation, Melbourne.
(3.) Where necessary, the local Examiner or Superintendent, as the case may be, shall forward the papers with his observations to the Principal Examiner, who may either deal with the case or bring it before the Director.
(4.) Where a candidate is still serving under Articles of Agreement, a written statement to that effect, signed by the master of the ship, and verified by the Superintendent at the port, may be accepted as proof of service under the existing Articles of Agreement.
(5.) Where service as second or third mate in limited coast-trade ships is claimed as qualifying service for a foreign-going certificate, a complete statement of the voyages, verified by the master or owner, shall accompany the application.
(
a ) has neglected or refused to join his vessel after having signed articles; or(
b ) has deserted his vessel after having joined; or(
c ) has been found guilty of gross misconduct on board,
shall be required to produce satisfactory proofs of two years’ subsequent service and good conduct at sea, unless the Director, after having investigated the matter, sees fit to reduce the time.
(2.) When an examination has been so discontinued, the examination fee paid by the candidate shall, on application, be returned to him.
(3.) Where such candidate subsequently produces a medical certificate to the effect that his physical or mental condition has improved or is normal, the Director may permit the candidate to sit again for examination.
(2.) A certificate of competency shall be in accordance with the form in Appendix H.
(3.) Where the candidate passes in part of the examination only, the Examiner shall supply him with a record of his passing in accordance with Form M. & M.—EE.(l). The candidate shall retain this form and produce it to the Examiner when he next presents himself for examination.
(2.) If the Principal Examiner is satisfied that the error in the calculation of the candidate’s services did not occur through any fault of, or wilful misrepresentation by, the candidate, the fee shall be returned to the candidate.
(3.) If the services of the candidate entitle him to a certificate of a lower grade, such a certificate may be granted to him, and the difference, if any, between the fee paid by him for the higher grade certificate and the fee payable for the lower grade certificate shall be returned to the candidate.
(4.) Where a certificate of a lower grade is issued, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding sub-regulation, the higher grade certificate for which the candidate has passed shall not he granted until he has performed the amount of service in which he was deficient, and has been re-examined in all the subjects of the examination, unless the Director, in his discretion, sees fit to dispense with the re-examination.
(2.) Applications by officers of the Royal Australian Navy shall be made, through their commanding officers if they are on active service, otherwise, direct to the Department of Defence, Melbourne, which will forward the application to the Board of Trade through the High Commissioner for Australia.
(3.) The form of application (Exn. 18), as issued by the Board of Trade, may be obtained from the Superintendent of a Mercantile Marine Office at any principal port in a State.
(2.) Any such officer who desires to be examined shall apply through his commanding officer, and if on half-pay, direct to the Secretary of the Naval Board, who, in either case, shall forward the application to the Director.
(2.) Where a candidate passes in the written portion of the examination and fails in the oral, or vice versa, his pass in that portion in which he has satisfied the examiners shall hold good for a period of six months from the date of the examination. If he does not pass the remainder of the examination within this period he shall again be required to be examined both in the written and in the oral portions. The Director may, in exceptional circumstances, extend this period up to a limit of one year.
(2.) When a candidate fails in the oral portion of the examination, either at the first or any subsequent attempt, the Examiner, inmaking his report, in accordance with Form M. & M.—FF., shall state whether any further sea service shall be performed by the candidate and he shall also insert this information in Form M. & M.—B.
(3.) Inability to repeat verbatim the Articles of the Collision Regulations shall not entail failure in the oral examination if the candidate understands the full significance, content and practical application of the Articles.
(2.) A candidate who fails in signalling but passes in every other subject may, at any time within the six months following his first attempt, be re-examined in signalling only, and, if he then passes, shall receive his certificate of competency.
(3.) Subject to the above conditions, a candidate may be allowed to take the signalling examination in any week during which examinations of Masters and Mates are being held at the port, but the special fee for this examination, as prescribed in the First Schedule, shall be paid for each separate attempt.
(
a ) obtain 75% of the total marks allotted to the problems and written portions of the examination papers prescribed for that certificate which are given him to do;(
b ) attain a degree of accuracy in Morse and semaphore signalling of at least 90% when signalling at the speed prescribed for the certificate desired;(
c ) give answers in the oral part of the examination that satisfy the Examiner as to the candidate’s ability.
(2.) A similar procedure shall be followed when a candidate is re-examined in the written or oral portion of the examination only.
(3.) In all cases where a candidate, after previously passing in the other two portions of an examination, passes in the written, oral or signalling portion of the examination, the Examiner shall enter the dates of passing the several portions, of the examination in their
respective columns in Form M. & M.—B. On completion, Form M. & M.—B., with the relative Form M. & M.—EE.(l) attached, shall be forwarded to the Director, and an authority in accordance with Form M. & M.—EE. issued to the candidate.
(2.) The candidate shall be required to complete the whole of the work prescribed for such lower grade.
(3.) Where a candidate fails in his examination for the Extra Master’s certificate, he may also, without further formal application or payment of fee, proceed with the examination for the Master’s certificate, but, in this case, the whole of the examination prescribed for the lower grade shall be completed subsequently irrespective of any work which has been done under examination for the Extra certificate.
(4.) The subsequent examination for the lower grade may, if time permits, be taken during the current week, but in this case, telegraphic advice of the papers to set shall be first obtained; if time does not permit, the candidate shall be allowed to sit at the next following examination.
(5.) No part of the fee which a candidate has paid shall be returned to him, and on presenting himself, when qualified, for re-examination for the higher certificate, he shall pay a further full fee.
Provided that, subject to these Regulations, the Commonwealth certificate so granted shall be valid only for the purposes for which, and to the extent to which, the surrendered certificate was valid, and shall be endorsed accordingly.
(2.) The holder of an old-pattern certificate may exchange it for a certificate in book form on payment of a fee of Five shillings to the Superintendent of a Mercantile Marine Office.
(3.) Applications for exchange of certificates shall be made in accordance with Form M. & M.—D.
(2.) If, on presentation to a Superintendent, any certificate issued under these Regulations is found to be defaced by use or accident to
such an extent as to be illegible, it shall be at once transmitted to the Director, accompanied by an application, duly filled in, when a certified copy having all the effect of the original shall be issued in lieu thereof.
(3.) In cases where it is satisfactorily shown that due care had been taken of the original, that the loss, destruction or defacement was not due to the fault of the holder and that, where possible, diligent effort had been made to recover the certificate, a charge shall not be made for the certified copy.
(4.) In cases where the Director is not so satisfied, the applicant shall be required to pay a fee of Ten shillings before delivery of the copy.
(2.) For the purposes of this regulation, the following shall be deemed to be approved authorities, namely:—
(
a ) St. John’s Ambulance Association;(
b ) St. Andrew’s Ambulance Association;(
c ) St. Patrick’s Ambulance Association;(
d ) British Red Cross Society;(
e ) London County Council;(
f ) Glamorgan County Council;(
g ) Leith Technical College;(
h ) A Medical Officer of one of His Majesty’s Ships; and(
i ) Any other body approved in writing by the Director of Navigation.
(3.) The certificate of proficiency in First Aid shall be an adult certificate, that is to say, obtained by the candidate when sixteen years of age or more, and the examination therefor shall have been passed not more than three years before the date of the examination for the Certificate of Competency:
Provided that certificates of proficiency in First Aid issued by the St. John’s Ambulance Association more than three years before the examination for the Certificate of Competency shall be accepted, provided that, at the expiration of three years since its issue, the certificate of proficiency has attached to it the “voucher” or “label” of the Association certifying that the holder has passed re-examination in First Aid.
(4.) Candidates who do not produce a certificate of proficiency in First Aid may be permitted to sit for examination for master or mate, but the Certificate of Competency as Master or Mate shall not be issued until after the production of the First Aid Certificate.
(2.) Every candidate for a certificate shall pass the letter test. Where the candidate obtained a Certificate of Competency in any grade before 1st January, 1914, he shall be required to possess at least half normal vision using both eyes together. Where the candidate did not obtain such a certificate before the date mentioned, he shall be required to possess normal vision using at his option both eyes or either eye separately.
(3.) A candidate who fails to pass the prescribed letter test may present himself for re-examination at intervals of not less than three months.
(4.) The fee paid for examination for a Certificate of Competency includes the fee of Two shillings and sixpence for examination in the eight tests, and if the candidate fails to pass those tests, the fee paid for examination shall, less a deduction of Two shillings and sixpence, be returned to him.
(5.) Every candidate shall undergo the lantern test on the first occasion on which he presents himself for examination for his first Certificate of Competency; but, if he then passes, he shall not be required to undergo the lantern test on any subsequent occasion.
Any person who holds a Certificate of Competency shall not be examined in the lantern test unless such examination is approved by the Director.
A candidate who fails to pass the lantern test, or a special lantern test, shall not be re-examined except with the approval of the Director.
(6.) Where the Examiner, on the instructions of the Principal Examiner, refers a candidate for special examination before a decision is given as to his passing or failure in the Sight Tests, an additional fee shall not be charged for the special examination, Where the expenses incurred by a candidate in attending a special examination, are allowed, second class railway fare shall be paid (a cheap ticket, tourist, day or week-end, shall be taken if available), together with a subsistence allowance not exceeding Twelve shillings and sixpence for each night’s absence from home necessarily entailed by attendance at the special examination. Where a night’s absence is not involved, the candidate may be paid expenses not exceeding Five shillings incurred by him during the day.
(7.) A candidate who fails to pass the lantern test may appeal for a special examination on payment of a fee of Two guineas, which shall be returned to him in the event of his passing the special examination. Payment shall not be made towards the expenses of a candidate who, upon his own application, is examined by the Special Examiners, unless he passes the special examination or unless, in the event of failure, the Director considers that the circumstances of the case justify such payment.
(8.) Where a candidate fails to pass the lantern test, the Examiner shall point out to him the conditions under which he may appeal. An appeal shall be made through the Examiner, and forwarded to the Principal Examiner with the Examiner’s remarks.
(9.) Where, during the course of a special examination, a candidate is found to have a permanent defect in his eyesight such as to render him unfit for a sea career, he shall be rejected and shall not be allowed to be examined again in the sight tests on any future occasion:
Provided, however, that, where the candidate is still dissatisfied, and brings with him a friend to witness the examination, he may present himself for a second, special examination on payment of a fee of Five guineas. Such second examination shall not form any part of the examination for a Certificate of Competency. The Director shall, however, give consideration to the result of such examination in determining whether a certificate should be granted.
(10.) Any persons serving or intending to serve in the mercantile marine or in fishing vessels, may undergo the sight tests. Any such person, who desires to undergo the tests, shall make application to the Superintendent of a Mercantile Marine Office in accordance with Form M. & M.—C., and shall pay a fee of Two shillings and sixpence.
This fee shall be payable on each occasion on which a candidate is examined, other than at special examinations.
A list of ports at which examinations in the sight tests may be held is contained in Appendix A.
Past III.—Qualifications and Examinations for Foreign-going Certificates.
(2.) Any candidate who desires a sailing ship qualification may obtain the requisite endorsement to his certificate on compliance with the conditions prescribed in regulation 44 of these Regulations and on passing the necessary examination in seamanship.
(3.) The holder of an “Ordinary” certificate issued prior to 1st. January, 1931, may act in his certified capacities in any vessel however propelled.
(2.) Every candidate who undergoes his first examination for a particular grade of certificate on or after 1st January, 1931, shall comply with the provisions of these Regulations in relation to sea service.
(2.) Any candidate who, before the 1st January, 1929, was indentured as an apprentice to the sea service, or went to sea in any other capacity qualifying for examination, or began his qualifying service on board a training ship, may be admitted to examination for a certificate as Second Mate on completion of the prescribed period of qualifying service, notwithstanding that he may still be under twenty years of age, provided that he is not under eighteen years of age and that in all other respects he complies with the Regulations.
(2.) A candidate shall not be required to give mathematical proofs of formulae, but shall, where possible, be able to demonstrate the truth of a formula by means of a figure.
(1.) Paper 1. (Written)—
knowledge of principles. (3 hours.)
(
a ) The reading of simple graphical diagrams, e.g., stability curves, weather statistics, &c.(
b ) The practical use of logarithms to base 10; their use in simple calculations involving multiplication, division, simple powers and roots.(
c ) Areas and perimeters of rectangle, triangle, circle, volumes, and surface areas of box-shaped bodies, cylinders and wedges. Practical applications, e.g., weight of general cargo of varied shapes; capacities of holds and bunkers; weight of contents of bunkers.(
d ) Plane sections of a sphere. Great and small circles. Angle between two great circles. Shortest distance between two points on a sphere. Formation of spherical triangles. Sides and angles of spherical triangles.(
e ) Trigonometrical ratios—sine, cosine, tangent, cosecant, secant, cotangent, haversine.The simple relations between these ratios. The relation between the ratios of angles which together make (
a ) one right angle (b )two right angles = e.g., the sine of an angle = the cosine of its complement, &c.The solution of a plane right-angled triangle. Use of the Traverse Table for solving right-angled triangles. Practical problems on right-angled triangles, e.g., doubling the angle on the bow, four-point bearing, danger angles, distance from a point of land of known height, &c.
(
f ) Given two sides and the included angle of a spherical triangle, to find the third side.Given three sides of a spherical triangle to find any angle. (These two problems are preferably done by the use of the haversine formulae.)
(
g ) The earth and its daily and annual movements. Meaning of equator and poles. The position of a place fixed by its latitude and longitude; meridians. Distances measured on the earth; nautical mile; departure. To show clearly, but without proof, the connection between departure, difference of longitude and middle latitude.(
h ) The real movement of sun, moon and planets. The celestial sphere; celestial poles; celestial meridian above and below pole; zenith; celestial equator. Altitude and zenith distance of heavenly bodies; celestial horizon; prime vertical; circles of altitude.(
i ) Apparent movements of heavenly bodies. Declination. Rising and setting of heavenly bodies. Amplitude. The position of a heavenly body on the celestial sphere both with and without reference to the observer, i.e., Declination with Right Ascension or Azimuth with altitude. Azimuth.(
j ) Apparent movement of sun. Mean sun. Ecliptic. Length of day and night. First point of Aries. Right ascension. Right Ascension of mean sun.(
k ) General ideas on time. Hour angle. Greenwich and other standard times. Simultaneous hour angles of heavenly bodies in different places. Sidereal time. Relation of longitude and time. Equation of time. Mean and apparent times at Greenwich and elsewhere.(
l ) Hour angle of heavenly body + Right Ascension of heavenly body = Hour Angle of Mean Sun + Right Ascension of Mean Sun.The meaning of E. and R. in the Nautical Almanac.
(
m ) Correction of sextant altitudes. True horizon and visual horizon; dip of the horizon. Effect of atmosphere, refraction. Semidiameter. Parallax.(
n ) Geographical position of heavenly body.The simple explanation of the “Circle of position” on the earth, based on the three following facts:—
Zenith Distance of heavenly body = distance of geographical position from an observer.
Latitude of geographical position = Declination of heavenly body.
Longitude of geographical position = Hour Angle of heavenly body West of the meridian of Greenwich.
How a position circle is placed on a chart in practice.
Position line. Intercept.
A simple description of how a position line is obtained from the observed altitude of a heavenly body by—
(i) A Meridian Altitude.
(ii) An Ex-Meridian Altitude.
(iii) An Altitude of Polaris.
(iv) An Altitude with an assumed latitude (Longitude by chronometer).
(v) An Altitude with an assumed Dead Reckoning position (Marcq St. Hilaire).
(
o ) Magnetic meridian. Deviation and variation of the magnetic compass. Correction of compass courses and bearings to magnetic or true courses and bearings and vice versa.(
p ) The simple properties of a Mercator’s Chart with regard to courses and bearings, longitude and latitude scales and the measurement of distance. Rhumb lines. Meridional Parts.
(2.) Paper 2. (Written)—
practical navigation i. (Including Tides) (2 hours.)
(
a ) To calculate approximate time of high water by the use of the High Water Full and Change constant. To find the time and height of high and low water at Standard Ports (Admiralty Tide Tables). To find the height of tide at a given time intermediate between high and low water, and thence by use of tables or diagram to determine approximate corrections to soundings and heights of objects above sea level taken at such intermediate times. Chart datum lines.(
b ) To find course and distance, departure, and difference of latitude between two points by means of the Traverse Table. Practical use of formula connecting departure, difference of longitude and middle latitude.(
c ) To find the course and distance between two points by the use of meridional parts (Mercator Sailing).(
d ) Chronometers. Stowage at safe distance from magnetic and electrical instruments. Management and care. Handling, winding, comparing. Writing up chronometer journal. Value of daily comparisons. Wireless and other time signals for rating chronometers.(
e ) To find true bearing of any heavenly body by Azimuth or Amplitude Tables, diagram, or any other method the candidate may select. To find the error of the compass, and thence the deviation.
(3.) Paper 3. (Written) —
practical navigation ii. (3 hours.)
(In the correction of observed altitudes, total correction tables may be used.)
(
a ) By the use of the Traverse Table, to obtain the Dead Reckoning position of the ship at any time, given compass courses and errors, and the run recorded by log or calculated by estimated speed and time by standard clock. The candidate may be asked to allow for the effects of current and wind.(
b ) To find the latitude by Meridian Altitude of sun, star, moon or planet, and to determine a position line by this means.(
c ) To work an ex-Meridian altitude of the sun, and thence to find a position line.(
d ) To determine from observed altitude of sun, star, moon, or planet a position line on which the ship is by longitude by chronometer method if suitable, or by any other method (e.g. Marcq St. Hilaire) at the discretion of the candidate.(
e ) Given one position line, knowing the speed of ship and interval of time between observations, to transfer such position line to that obtained from meridian or ex-meridian altitude, and thence to determine the ship’s position at time of second observation.
(4.) Paper 4—
chart work. (2 hours.)
(True courses and bearings will, as a rule, be given as from a Compass Card marked 0° to 360°, e.g. course 264° True. Magnetic and compass courses and bearings will be given with reference to cardinal points, e.g. course 3.84° W. magnetic. Candidates should conform to this practice.)
(
a ) On a chart, to find the true course and distance between two points; given variation and compass deviation, to find magnetic and compass course and vice versa; to keep the Dead Reckoning on a chart; to lay off courses, allowing for current.(
b ) On a chart, to fix the ship by simultaneous cross bearings, bearing and range, or by wireless cross bearings, applying the necessary corrections. To fix by the bearings of one or more objects with run between, allowing for current; to find the distance at which the ship will pass a given point.(
c ) To avoid dangers and to use clearing marks. To use horizontal and vertical danger angles.(
d ) To interpret from a chart the information it gives, particularly about buoys, lights, depths and nature of bottom, tides and tidal currents. Recognition of the coast. The intelligent use of Sailing Directions.(N.B.—The Examiner may ask oral questions on the above syllabus.)
(5.) Paper 5. (Written)—
cargo work and elementary ship construction. (3 hours.)
(
a ) The stowage and dunnaging of different varieties of cargoes, including bulk cargoes. Elementary ideas on the making and use of cargo plans.The preparation for stowage, breaking out and discharge of cargo.
Rigging a ship for loading and discharging cargo, and the use of derricks and winches. Strength of cargo gear.
The calculation of capacities of bunkers, holds, tanks and boats.
Calculation of capacities taken up by part cargoes and of space remaining. Conversion of weight measurement of cargo into space measurement and vice versa.
(
b ) The names of the principal parts of a ship.General ideas on ship construction and hull maintenance. The candidate will be expected to show his practical acquaintance with certain portions of his own ship, e.g. longitudinal and transverse framing. Bulkheads. Hatches. Rudders and steering gear. Shell plating. Stern frame. Propellers and propeller shafts, stern tube, propeller brackets.
The stiffening and strengthening to resist panting, pounding and propeller vibrations.
Double bottom tanks, bilges, bilge pumps, sounding pipes. Ventilation systems of holds and tanks.
(
c ) Displacement. Deadweight.Use of tons per inch immersion scale. Calculation of weight of cargo, &c., from draughts.
Effect of varying density of water.
Buoyancy. Centre of gravity and centre of buoyancy. The laws of floating bodies.
Effect of filling and emptying ballast tanks on centre of gravity of ship as a whole.
(6.) Paper 6. (Written)—
english. (1½ hours.)
The paper will be designed to test the candidate’s ability to write clear and grammatical English with due attention to spelling and penmanship. It will be in no sense a test of technical knowledge.
(7.) Oral and Practical Portions—
1.—(
a ) Rigging of ships. Strength of ropes, wire and hemp. Rigging purchases of various kinds and knowledge of power gained by purchases. Knotting and splicing hemp and steel ropes with strict reference to current practice. Seizings, racking chain stoppers, &c.(
b ) Sending topmasts up and down.(
c ) Bending, setting and taking in fore and aft sails. Management of boats under oars and sail and in heavy weather. Beaching or landing. Coming alongside.(
d ) Helm orders. Conning the ship.2.—(
a ) Marking and use of ordinary lead line.(
b ) Use and upkeep of mechanical logs and sounding machines.(
c ) Use and upkeep of engine-room and other telegraphs.(
d ) Rocket and line throwing apparatus.3.—(
a ) Anchors and cables. Use, upkeep and survey.(
b ) Knowledge of use and maintenance of deck appliances and steering gear.(
c ) Fire extinguishing apparatus—steam, chemical and other appliances.4.—(
a ) Preparations and precautions for getting under way. Duties prior to proceeding to sea, making harbour or coming alongside, especially at after end of ship.(
b ) Keeping an anchor watch. Dragging anchor.(
c ) Duties of officer of the watch. Use of compass to ascertain risk of collision.5.—(
a ) A full knowledge of the content and application of theregulations for preventing collision at sea. (Candidates’ will not be placed in the position of handling a sailing ship, but will be expected to recognize a sailing ship’s lights and to have a knowledge of her possible manœuvres according to the direction of the wind.)(
b ) Distress and pilot signals; penalties for misuse.(
c ) British uniform system of buoyage.(
d ) An intelligent use of “Notices to Mariners.” (Candidates will not be required to commit these to memory.)6.—Signals. To send and receive signals in—
(
a ) British Semaphore up to eight words per minute.(
b ) Morse Code by flash lamp up to six words per minute.(
c ) International Code of Signals.7.—Practical.
(
a ) To read and understand a barometer, thermometer, hydrometer and hygrometer. (The instruments supplied by the Meteorological Office will be taken as standard.)(
b ) To use an azimuth mirror, pelorus (bearing plate) or other instrument for taking bearings; to place these bearings on a chart, having corrected for given compass error.(
c ) To use a sextant for taking vertical and horizontal angles; to read a sextant both on and off the arc.(
d ) To correct a sextant into which has been introduced some or all of perpendicularity, side and index errors.(
e ) To find the index error of a given sextant.(
f ) To check chronometers by signal made by buzzer or other method; to compare two chronometers.8.—The Examiner may ask the candidate questions arising out of the written work, if he deems it necessary on account of weakness shown by the candidate. (This applies particularly to Paper 5.)
(2.) Such sea service shall include—
(
a ) eighteen months in a capacity not lower than that of third of three watchkeeping officers on a foreign-going ship whilst holding a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship;(
b ) two years and three months in a capacity not lower than that of First or Only Mate of a home trade or limited coast-trade ship whilst holding a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship; or(
c ) where the length of the voyage between terminal ports of a limited coast-trade ship is not less than 500 miles—two years and three months in a capacity not lower than that of third of three watchkeeping officers on such limited coast-trade ship whilst holding a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship.
* For convenience of calculation, the service required is stated in a tabular form in Appendix B.
Provided that the whole of such service shall have been performance upon ocean-going steamships of not less than 8,000 tons gross, making average speed of 13 knots or upwardsand carrying a crew of no less than 130 men, including at least five deck officers in addition the Master.
(2.) Upon passing the examination, a certificate shall not be issued to the candidate until he produces proof of twelve months’ sea service effective charge of a watch* in addition to two years’ service as junior bridge-keeping officer referred to in the preceding sub-regulation.
(1.) Paper 1. (Written)—
practical navigation i. (3 hours.)
(
a ) Knowledge and recognition of stars of first magnitude. To calculate the approximate times (to nearest minute) of meridian passage of any heavenly bodies; to calculate an approximate altitude for setting the sextant for a meridian altitude of a heavenly body.(
b ) To find the latitude from an altitude of Polaris. Thence to find a position line.(
c ) To work an ex- meridian altitude of any heavenly body and thence to find a position line.(
d ) By transfer of a previous position line and an observation of a heavenly body, to obtain a running fix by the use of protractor and plain or squared paper, or by tables. Particular cases of position lines from Meridian Altitudes or from Polaris.(
e ) By nearly simultaneous altitudes of any heavenly body, to determine the position at the time of observation from the intersection of position lines.
(2.) Paper 2. (Written)—
practical
navigation ii. (2
hours.
(
a ) To find the magnetic bearing of a distant object by swinging on equidistant compass points, thence to construct a deviation table or curve.(
b ) To calculate the initial course and distance on a Great Circle track between two points, and, by the use of the Vertex of the Great Circle, to lay off such a track on a Mercator’s Chart.(
c ) The use of Admiralty Tide Tables (Part II., Section I., the use of non-harmonic constants and tidal differences.)(
d ) The harmonic method of tidal prediction and the use of harmonic constants (Admiralty Tide Tables, Part II., Section II.).
*
(3.) Paper 3—
chart work. (2 hours.)
(
a ) to interpret from a chart the information it gives and to use Sailing Directions intelligently. Description and recognition of a coast. Landfalls in clear weather. Selection of suitable points for bearings. Distance of sighting lights; distance from point of land of known height; distance of passing a point of land; course to pass a point at a given distance. Danger angles—horizontal and vertical. Entering channels allowing for current. To prepare for anchorage and for entering narrow waters. Reliability of charts. Corrections.(
b ) Landfalls in thick weather, Construction and use of line of soundings. The general use of a single position line in making land, including clearing marks. The use of bearings obtained by wireless direction finder, bearings given from shore station, or the use of wireless beacons.(
c ) The use of a Gnomonic Chart and transfer of a Great Circle or composite track from such a chart to Mercator’s Chart.(N.B.—The Examiner may ask oral questions on the above syllabus.)
(4.) Paper 4. (Written)—
ship construction and stability. (3 hours.)
(
a ) A general knowledge of the principal structural members of a ship. Midship sections of different types of ships, giving the parts their proper names. Sealing dimensions on a midship section to make intelligible reports.Ability to set out in a clear manner a report on damage sustained by corrosion or by accident.
Construction and stiffening of watertight bulkheads.
Collision bulkhead;
Stern frame and stem and how secured.
Stresses and strains in ships through effect of seas or loading and ballasting.
A knowledge of those portions of a, ship specially strengthened to withstand such stresses, or where excessive damage by corrosion is liable to occur.
Rivets and riveting. Testing a line of rivets. Testing watertight work.
Rudders and steering gear. Inspection and maintenance.
Hatches and hatch gear. Hawsepipes and cable lockers.
(
b ) Buoyancy and reserve buoyancy. The righting couple when a ship is inclined. Metacentre and metacentric height. Transverse and longitudinal metacentres. Stiff and tender ships—how to obtain stiffness. Stability at large angles of inclination and what this depends on.Preparation of data for ascertaining metacentric heights of a ship in any particular condition.
Determination of centre of gravity of a ship in any condition, the centre of gravity in light condition being given. Use of stability curves and data supplied to a ship. Alteration of stability during a voyage. Effect of shifting cargo. Change of trim.
(5.) Paper 5. (Written)—
ship maintenance, routine and cargo work. (3 hours.)
(
a ) Keeping a ship’s log. (Mate’s log.)(
b ) Ship maintenance and organization. Indents and stores. Repair lists. Properties and uses of paints. Painting. Chipping, scraping. Cement work. Treatment of wood work. Inspection and maintenance of bulkheads, double bottoms, deep tanks, rudders. Bottom painting. Drainage of holds and double bottom tanks. Inspection and maintenance of anchors and cables. Maintenance of holds with reference to cargo carrying. Spar ceilings, &c. Inspection and maintenance of pumps, strums, roseboxes and bilges.(
c ) Simple calculation of stresses in spans, derricks, topping lifts, &c. Strength of ropes, chains, slings, two slings at an angle, &c. Purchases and power gained by purchases.(
d ) Cargo work.—(The candidate should, where possible, illustrate his answers from his own experience.)Stowage of cargo. General—stowage of bag cargoes, bales, casks, &c.
Bulk stowage. Partition and shifting boards. Ceilings and dunnage. Deck stowage. Possible damage and its avoidance.
Good and bad stowage. Special cargoes—explosives, grain, timber, oil in bulk, steel rails, &c.
Given a cargo list, to stow a hold or holds, making a rough cargo plan, with a view to stability of tender and stiff ships, damage and contamination, easy handling and possible optional ports of discharge.
Methods of ventilation of cargoes. Drainage of holds.
Closing of hatches. Cargo working gear—derricks and winches. Organization of cargo work.
(6.) Paper 6. (Written)—
meteorology. (2 hours.)
(
a ) The principles of the barometer. How to read it and reduce the readings to standard datum.(
b ) How to observe the force and direction of the wind with no other instrument than the compass and use of the Beaufort scale.(
c ) How to observe and log the state of sea and swell, weather and visibility by the International scales for the use of seamen.(
d ) The principles and use of the thermometer, dry bulb, wet bulb and sea surface.(
e ) Use of hydrometer.(
f ) General knowledge of the wind and current systems of the oceans. How to deduce the set and drift of currents.(
g ) The Laws of Storms. Buys Ballot’s Law. Rules for handling ships in tropical revolving storms. The seasons and localities of tropical revolving storms and their precursory signs.(
h ) The Visual Storm Warning signals.(
i ) The seven fundamental types of weather.(
j ) The elementary principles of synoptic charts, including a knowledge of how the atmospheric pressure distribution and gradient is obtained. Principal cloud types.(
k ) To draft a wireless weather report and how to decode a weather report made in the International Weather Code, the tables being provided.
(7.) Oral Portion—
1.—(
a ) Shifting large spars and rigging sheers.(
b ) The handling of heavy weights with special reference to strength of gear used.(
c ) Use and maintenance of all deck and above deck appliances and fittings—winches, capstans, windlasses, emergency steering gear, and fittings used between anchor and cable locker. Hoisting in boats.(
d ) Bending, setting and taking in fore and aft sails. Management and equipment of ships’ lifeboats and number of persons who may be carried in each class of boat.2. Anchors—different kinds; advantages and disadvantages of each. How to rig a sea anchor and what means to employ to keep a vessel, disabled or unmanageable, out of the trough of the sea and lessen her lee drift. Cables and their care. Preparations for anchoring. Operation of anchoring with single anchor and use of second anchor. Clearing a foul anchor. Mooring. Clearing a foul hawse. Anchoring in a tideway and in a confined space. Dragging anchor. Anchor watch. Slipping a cable. To carry out an anchor with boats. Getting under way.
3.—(
a ) Effect of propellers on the steering of a ship. Stopping, going astern and manœuvring. Turning circles. Effects of current, wind, sea, shallows, draft.(
b ) Coming alongside a wharf, &c. Turning a steamship short round, manœuvring in rivers and harbours. Emergency manœuvres. Man overboard.(
c ) Management of steamships in stormy weather.(
d ) To get a cast of the deep sea lead.4.—(
a ) Testing lifebuoys and life jackets; other life-saving gear.(
b ) Accidents, e.g., collision, running aground, accidents to hatches, leaks, fires and their treatment. Running repairs. Handling a disabled ship.(
c ) A practical knowledge of the screening of ships’ navigation lights.(
d ) Preparation for dry-docking. Use of shores, bilge blocks and bilge shores.5.
Regulations for prevention of collision at sea. —In accordance with requirements, Section 5 (Oral) of paragraph (7.) of regulation 35.6. Signals
. —In accordance with Section 6 (Oral) of paragraph (7.) of regulation 35.7. The Examiner may ask the candidate questions arising out of the written work, if he deems it necessary on account of weakness shown by the candidate.
(2.) Such period of sea service shall include—
(
a ) one year and six months in a capacity not lower than First Mate of a foreign-going ship whilst holding a certificate of grade not lower than that of First Mate of a foreign-going ship;(
b ) two years in a capacity not lower than that of second of three watchkeeping officers, on a foreign-going ship whilst holding a certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship;(
c ) two years and six months in a capacity not lower than third of three watchkeeping officers on a foreign-going ship, whilst holding a certificate of grade not lower than that of First Mate of a foreign-going ship;(
d ) three years as Master of a home trade or limited coast-trade ship, during at least one year of which he shall have held a certificate of grade not lower than that of Second Mate of a foreign-going ship or Master of a limited coast-trade ship, sub-grade A;(
e ) two years and three months in a capacity not lower than that of First or Only Mate of a home trade or limited coast-trade ship, whilst holding a certificate of grade not lower than that of First Mate of a foreign-going ship;(
f ) where the length of the voyage between terminal ports of a limited coast-trade ship is not less than 500 miles, three years in a capacity not lower than that of second of three watchkeeping officers on such limited coast-trade ship whilst holding a certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship; or(
g ) where the length of the voyage between terminal ports of a limited coast-trade ship is not less than 500 miles, three years and nine months in a capacity not lower than that of third of three watchkeeping officers on such limited coast-trade ship whilst holding a certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship.
(3.) A candidate who possesses or is entitled to a certificate of service as Master may be examined for a certificate of competency without producing any evidence of sea service.
(1.) Paper 1. (Written)—
practical navigation. (3 hours.)
A short recapitulation paper in navigation on the syllabus for Second Mate and First Mate, which should include Chart Work.
(2.) Paper 2, (Written)—
meteorology. (2 hours.)
Ocean pilotage, i.e., general knowledge of winds and currents, and the selection of routes according to season. Icebergs, ice signals, and ice navigation.
To be able to plot observations of ships and coast stations, received by wireless, and to construct a simple weather chart. To understand the use of the observation of the change of the barometer by single and collective observations; and to make deductions as to probable changes of weather along the proposed track of his ship.
A general knowledge of the system of wireless weather signals
(when one International system is brought about).
(3.) Paper 3. (Written)—
ship construction and stability. (8 hours.)
(
a ) The direction of simple ship repairs. Drawing up of simple specifications.(
b ) A fuller knowledge of ship construction than in previous examinations. General structure—transverse and longitudinal girders; keels; stern frame, stem and rudder post; centre keelson; bilge and side keelsons; side stringers; tank margin, intercostals; transverse framing; shell plating; rudder propeller brackets, masts and derricks.Classification of ships. Tonnage—measurement and registration, Freeboard.
Treatment of accidents and damage—collision, springing leaks.
Possible strains incurred by action of waves, improper loading or ballasting, &c.
Working of ship, division of loads.
(
c ) Stability diagrams and use of stability curves and information. Effect of beam and freeboard on stability. Practical operations to ensure ship stability at sea. Ship with a list. Management of ballast tanks. Effect of free liquid surfaces and risks of flooding hold spaces, filling and emptying tanks at sea. Suspended weights and shifting cargoes. Deck cargoes. Homogeneous cargoes. Ballasting. Effect of admission of water into interior of a ship. Flooded compartments. Stability and trim of a stranded ship. Trim—moment to change trim.
(4.) Paper 4. (Written)—
english. (2 hours.)
This paper will test the candidate’s ability to write clear and grammatical English, with good spelling and penmanship. It will be in no sense a test of technical or legal knowledge.
(5.) Paper 5. (Written)—
ship’s business. (2 hours.)
(The legal information required will not go beyond the outline of Mercantile Law which the shipmaster must know for practical purposes.)
(
a ) The official log and reports on exceptional entries.(
b ) A shipmaster’s knowledge of the law relating to:—(1.) Engagement, discharge and management of a ship’s crew. Ship’s articles of agreement. Discipline and treatment of offences. Wages and other remuneration. Food and accommodation. Entering and clearing the ship. National Insurance of crew.
(2.) Tonnage, lifesaving appliances, salvage and assistance and, in general, the safety of ship, crew and passengers.
(3.) Loadline marks and entries and reports to be made respecting them. Surveys required by law.
(4.) Hygiene of ships, living spaces, holds, &c. Water. Fresh and preserved food. Infectious diseases. The law relating to them and the procedure on board in such cases. Quarantine procedure. Recognition and simple treatment of common illness, e.g., fevers, &c. [
See the Ship Captain’s Medical Guide.](5.) The carriage of emigrants.
(
c ) A simple knowledge of the law relating to cargo, including a knowledge of shipowners’ liabilities in carriage of cargo.(
d ) A general knowledge of shipping business and documents—charter parties, bills of lading, &c. A knowledge of average—general and particular. Flotsam and jetsam.
(6.) Paper 6. (Written)—
magnetic compass. (2 hours.)
Proofs of formulae not required.
(
a ) Terrestrial magnetism.—Variation. Local attraction. Horizontal force and its varying strength in different parts of the globe with the effect of its change upon deviation.(
b ) Properties of magnets.—Meaning of the terms “Hard” and “Soft” Iron. Effect of magnets on a compass needle under varying conditions. Precautions with regard to electric lighting leads and other electric fields. Sub-permanent magnetism and its effects at sea.(
c ) Compass compensation.—Methods of swinging ship to obtain a deviation table. Use of curves of deviation. Constant semicircular and quadrantal deviation. To analyse a table of deviation, obtaining and explaining the approximate co-efficients A, B, C, D, E. General principle of compass correction and the method of correction of B, C and D.(
d ) Heeling error.—The nature of the deviation caused and the effect on a ship with a list and when rolling. Method of correction.(
e ) A candidate may be required, at some stage in the examination, to carry out certain practical operations of correction on a compass in a binnacle, and/or to construct a deviation table for that compass.
(7.) Paper 7. (Written)—
engineering knowledge (including carriage of refrigerated cargoes). (3 hours.)
(The requirements will not go beyond the knowledge that could be obtained by a deck officer who takes an intelligent interest in the machinery of the ship and supplements by a little reading what he has learnt in this way.)
(
a ) The meaning of general engineering terms, e.g. horse power, slip and pitch of propeller, link, latent heat of steam, superheated steam, &c.A general knowledge of a marine boiler and furnaces, and the procedure for raising steam. The general action of a reciprocating steam engine. Principle of the condenser. Distribution of steam from boiler to engines—valves and pipelines. Admission to engine —slide valves, eccentrics, expansion link. Starting gear. Simple description (without detail) of various parts of engines and boilers —e.g. connecting rod, crank, piston and rings, packing of piston rods, relief valves and cylinder drains, line shafting, couplings, tail shaft, stern tube and packing. Auxiliaries and their uses—circulating pump, air pump, feed pump, bilge pump. Action of propeller. Thrust block. Attachment of propeller to shaft.
Oil fired furnaces and use of oil fuel. A simple knowledge of turbine machinery and of Diesel engines. Warming up and turning engines. Stopping and going astern—how done. A knowledge of what is required in the engine room on the receipt of manœuvring orders from the bridge. Fuel consumption and economical speeds, Power and speed curves. Effect of alterations of speed on fuel consumption and estimation of adequacy of fuel to complete a given voyage.
(
b ) An elementary knowledge of refrigeration on board ship. Types of refrigeration on board ships. Types of refrigeration employed in special cases. Stowage and general handling of refrigerated cargoes.
(8.) Oral portion—
1.—(
a ) Exceptional circumstances—loss of rudder; shifting a damaged rudder. Construction of jury rudders. Making and launching of rafts. Collision. Leaks. Damage of all kinds. Running repairs and precautions in case of accidents. Grounding —methods of refloating. Beaching a vessel. Steps to be taken when disabled and in distress.(
b ) Preservation of crew and passengers in the event of wreck. Abandoning a wrecked ship. Rockets and rocket apparatus. Communications with the shore.(
c ) Assisting a vessel in distress. Rescuing crew of a disabled ship.(
d ) Towing and being towed.(
e ) Bad weather manœuvres. Precautions at anchor and at sea. Use of oil.Anchoring and working anchors and cables in all circumstances. Approaching rivers and harbours and manœuvring in them.
guarding of cargo.
(
f ) Drydocking. General procedure and precautions to be observed. Distribution of weight. Drydocking with full cargo for inspection of propellers or shafting. Bilge beds. Leaving the vessel water borne. Putting into port with damage to ship and/or cargo, both from business and technical points of view. Safe-(
g ) Prevention of fire at sea. Spontaneous combustion of fuel cargoes. Full knowledge of the use of fire extinguishing appliances and precautions to be observed in cases of danger to life. Special reference to extinguishing of oil fuel fires.(
h ) Methods of fumigating holds and living spaces and safeguards in applying them.(
i ) General organization of ship’s work and handling of crew.2.—
Regulations for prevention of collisions at sea, &c. In accordance with the requirements of Section 5 (Oral) of paragraph (7.) of regulation 35.
3.—
Signals. In accordance with the requirements of Section 6 (Oral), of paragraph (7.) of regulation 35.
4.—The examiner may ask the candidate questions arising out of the written work, if he deems it necessary on account of weakness shown by the candidate.
(2.) Such certificate shall entitle the holder to go to sea as Master of any mechanically-propelled vessel.
(3.) A candidate for Extra Master who wishes to be qualified to act as Master of sailing ships may, upon the performance of the necessary sea service in sailing ships, be examined for a sailing ship endorsement as Master at the time of such examination.
(
a ) be examined in the subjects mentioned in sub-regulation (3) of this regulation;(
b ) possess such mathematical and scientific knowledge as will enable him to have a thorough understanding of his technical subjects; and(
c ) be examined orally in seamanship.
(2.) The oral examination shall
include a
(3.) Subject to the preceding sub-regulations of this regulation, the subjects of the examination for an Extra Master’s certificate shall include the following:—
(1.) Paper 1. (Written)—
mathematics. (3 hours.)
(
a )Mensuration and Drawing (proofs not required ).—Areas, perimeters and general properties of triangles, parallelograms, polygons, circles, segments and sectors of circles. Areas of irregular figures and waterplanes. Volumes and surface areas of parallelopipeds, cones, cylinders, spheres, wedges and ship-shaped bodies. Simple drawing in plan and elevation (i.e. elements of solid geometrical drawing). Beading of simple engineering and shipbuilding drawings.(
b )Algebra.— The evaluation of formulae. The solution of equations of the first degree with one or two variables; quadratics; problems involving these. Powers and indices. Logarithms and their properties. Arithmetical and geometrical progressions. Simple graphical methods, including graphical solution of equations. Use of curves.(
c )Geometry. —A knowledge of the substance of the geometrical properties of the following so far as they are dealt with in the propositions of Euclid indicated—
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Practical geometry—
Bisection of angles and straight lines.
Construction of perpendiculars to straight lines.
Drawing of parallels to given straight line.
Construction of triangles and quadrilaterals from given data.
Division of straight lines into any number of equal parts.
Construction of circle through three points or circumscribing a triangle.
Construction of tangents to a circle at a given point or from an external point.
Construction of common tangent to two circles.
Construction of circle touching the three sides of a given triangle.
Construction of circles from sufficient data.
Construction of segment of circle containing a given angle.
Elementary ideas on solid geometry, e.g., angle between planes, angle between line and plane, geometry of the sphere.
(
d )Trigonometry. (i)
Plane— Measurement of angles, circular measure and its applications. Solution of plane triangles.
Graphs of trigonometrical functions.
Formulae for trigonometrical ratios of sum and difference of two angles.
Trigonometrical functions of A/2 given those of A. Haversines.
Transformation of formulae for logarithmic calculation.
For small angles, sin x = x sin 1”. Construction of tables.
(ii)
Spherical— General ideas on the sphere and spherical triangles. The fundamental formulae for the solution of a spherical triangle.
i.e. cos a = cos b cos c + sin b sin c cos A andConversion for logarithmic computation by the use of the haversines, i.e., hav a =
hav (b ~ c) + sin b sin c hav A , and hav A = cosec b cosec c √ hav (a —b ~ c) hav (a + b ~ c). Solution of right angled spherical triangles and quadrantal triangles.
(2.) Paper 2—
general science. (3 hours.)
(
a )Mechanics— (i) Velocity; acceleration; uniform motion in a straight line. Composition and resolution of velocities and accelerations. Relative velocity. Currents and apparent wind. The laws of motion. Mass. Force. Weight. Inertia. Momentum. Relation between force, time and momentum; relation between force, mass and acceleration. Conservation of momentum. Motion under gravitational forces. Work. Energy—Kinetic and potential. Conservation of energy. Rate of doing work. Horse power. Use of fly wheels. Uniform circular motion. Angular velocity. Simple harmonic motion. Pendulums. Connecting rods and cranks.
(ii) Force and its graphical representation. Composition and resolution of forces. Parallel forces. Equilibrium of a rigid body in two dimensions. Centre of gravity.
Theorem of moments. Couples. Bending moments and shearing forces. Work done by a force. Graphical representation. Transmission of work. Friction and its laws. Simple machines—Levers, inclined plane, wheel and axle, capstan. Pulleys—simple and differential.
(
b )Hydrostatics. —Pressure of fluids, Principle of Archimedes. Density and Specific Gravity. Hydrometers. Displacement of a a ship. Laws of equilibrium of floating bodies. Buoyancy. Centre of buoyancy. Centres of pressure. Hydraulic machines—presses and pumps.Gases—Boyle’s Law. Atmospheric pressure. Barometer. Sounding tubes. Pressure gauges and manometers.
(
c )Heat. —Temperature and its measurement. Expansion of solids, liquids and gases. Applications. Maximum density of water. Specific heat. Change of state—fusion and solidification. Latent heat. Vaporisation and condensation. Hygrometry. Conduction, convection and radiation of heat.(
d )Light. —Shadows and eclipses. Reflection—plane mirrors. Refraction. Prisms and lenses. Telescopes. Sextant and errors. Other optical instruments used at sea.(
e )Sounds. —Production and propagation of sound. Transmission and velocity. Reflection and refraction of sound. Effects of temperature and wind on transmission of sound waves.
(3.) Paper 3—
navigation. (3 hours.)
A comprehensive knowledge of modern navigational methods, and facility in their use, together with:—
Determination of error of chronometer by the use of an artificial or natural horizon. Proofs of methods and formulae in use in modern navigational practice. Comparison of different methods of determining observer’s position. Equivalent of position lines determined by any recognised method. True position from several observations. The “cocked hat” and the limited area, most probable position. True position when errors occur in estimated position. Altitudes or time. Selection of heavenly bodies for observations. Selection of objects for fixes. Good and bad fixes. Various methods of fixing ship. Accuracy and limitations. Most favourable conditions. Theory of sextant and vernier. Errors of collimation and parallelism. Description and use of all apparatus to safeguard navigation in the open sea and coastwise, e.g., sounding machines, including sonic sounding gear, wireless navigational instruments and methods, &c. Theory of tides. Tidal tables and their use, including the harmonic method of prediction. Tidal streams. Abnormal tides. The behaviour of a freely mounted gyroscope and effect of suspension. Precession. The earth’s rotation and its influence on a gyroscope. Principles of the gyro compass. Damping. Course and speed errors. Ballistic deflection.
(4.) Paper 4—
chart work. (2 hours.)
A complete knowledge of charts and information given by a chart. All methods of fixing ship by observations of terrestrial objects and a combination of observations on celestial and terrestrial objects. The principles of navigation in pilotage waters and avoidance of danger, both in clear weather and fog. The laying off of great circle and composite tracks on Gnomonic and Mercator’s charts and the use of Great Circle tables.
(5.) Paper 5—
chart construction and marine surveying. (3 hours.)
The theory and construction of charts on Mercator’s principle. Candidates may be asked to construct and use such a chart. The principles of the construction of a Gnomonic chart (without proof) and the special case of Polar charts. Candidates will
not be asked to construct such a chart.Elementary hydrographic surveying. Charting on an existing chart of objects useful for navigation. Scale making and the laying off of angles. Methods of fixing position. Method of running lines of soundings.
(6.) Paper 6—
magnetism and electricity, including the magnetic compass. (3 hours.)
Electric currents and their production. Simple cells. Electromotive force, resistance and current. Ohm’s Law. Polarisation. Magnetic fields and lines of force. Induced magnetism. Hard and soft iron. The magnetic field of conductors. Carrying current. Solenoids and electro-magnets. Terrestrial magnetism. Horizontal force, vertical force, and dip. The effect, of magnetic fields of all descriptions on the compass needle. Elementary principles of dynamos and motors. Application to winches. Electric lighting and arc lights.
A fuller knowledge of the syllabus in Compass Correction for Master, with, in addition, the correction of coefficient E. The components of the permanent magnetism of the ship, P, Q, and R; the soft iron rods, a, c, e & k. The relation severally of these components and rods to the various coefficients and to heeling error.
Swinging ship. Construction of deviation tables by bearings of a distant object, reciprocal bearings and azimuths of a heavenly body. Practical analysis of a deviation table and practical compass correction.
(7.) Paper 7—
construction, working and upkeep of ships. (3 hours.)
Classification of ships. Registration societies. Displacements. Weight of hull. Capacity. Draught. Freeboard. Block coefficient. Gross deadweight and nett tonnage. The interpretation of plans. Principal structural members. Longitudinal and transverse framing. Scantlings. Reverse frames. Beams. Cellular double bottoms, &c. Watertight sub-division, water ballast arrangements. Elements of structure, e.g. keels, decks, bulkheads, shell plating,
rivets and riveting, hatches, &c. Types of ship. Tonnage rules, &c. Consideration of construction—weight, fittings. Shipyard practice. Laying off. Mould loft. Scrieve board, launching, &c. Material of construction and their properties. Steel and iron. Notions of strains and stresses in metals—tension, torsion, compression, bending and shearing. Stresses and strain in ships.
Stability. The theory and calculations involved in a determination of the stability of a vessel in light and loaded condition. Experimental determination of stability of a ship. Use of stability curves and information. Dynamic stability—roiling, &c. Ballasting, loading. Effect of admission of water into interior of a ship. Trim.
(8.) Paper 8—
commercial
and legal knowledge.
(2 hours
(
a ) A shipmaster’s knowledge of the Merchant Shipping Acts relating to Registry, Masters and Seamen, safety of ships, delivery of goods, liability of shipowners, wreck and salvage, pilotage and emigrants.(
b ) Ashipmaster’s knowledge of the general management of ship’s business, documents and procedure with Customs, &c., obligations and liabilities of owner and master, with respect to passengers, cargo and ship. Charter parties and expenses involved (various kinds). Demurrage, claims, &c.(
c ) Port machinery—use of quays. Sheds, warehouses, docks and waterside termini. Administration and working of ports. Cranes and their use—steam, hydraulic, floating, movable. Coaling apparatus. Mineral and grain elevators. Graving docks. Floating docks.
(9.) Paper 9—
oceanography and economic geography. (3 hours.)
A fuller knowledge of meteorology and meteorological instruments than that required for Master. Winds, currents, ice limits, &c., for the globe. General characters of the seas—deeps, surface temperatures, surface densities. Oceanic circulation. Floating ice.
One of the sheets should then be exposed, and the candidate should be asked to read the letters on each sheet, beginning at the top and going downwards. Any mistakes which he makes should be carefully noted. If then it is found that he has read correctly at least nine letters in the sixth line and eight letters
Schedule
III.—
in the seventh line of a sheet, the candidate may be considered to have normal vision, and should be marked “passed” in the appropriate column of the form of application (M. & III.—E. or M. & M.—C, as the case may be).
6.
Failure to pass the letter test is due to some defect in form vision, and it has been found that such defects are sometimes curable. Whenever, therefore, a candidate fails to pass this test the Examiner should advise him to consult an ophthalmic surgeon with a view to ascertaining what is the nature of the defect in his form vision, and whether it is curable.
7.
8.
9.
II.—Lantern Test.
10.
11.
Before the examination commences the Examiner must satisfy himself that the room in which it is conducted is so darkened as to exclude all daylight.
12.
After a series of lights through the large aperture has been shown, the Examiner should make a complete circuit with the two small apertures, requiring the candidate to name the colours of each set of two lights from left to right. To prevent any possibility of the order in which the lights are arranged from being learnt, the Examiner should at least twice in each circuit go back a varying number of colours.
A record of any mistakes made with either the large aperture or the two smaller apertures should be kept on Form M. & M.—CC, in accordance with the instructions thereon. In all such cases the mistakes made by a candidate in the letter test should also be recorded on the form.
13.
Schedule III.—
If the only mistake made by the candidate with the lantern is to call the white light “red”, and if after his attention has been specially directed to the difference between the two he makes no further mistake of this nature, he should be considered to have passed in the lantern test.
If a candidate makes any other
mistake with the lantern,
14.
If, however, on the report of the local Examiner, the Principal Examiner decides that the nature of the mistakes made shows conclusively that a candidate’s sight is so defective as to render him unfit to hold a certificate, the candidate shall be considered to have failed.
In cases where, upon the report of the local Examiner, a candidate is failed by the Principal Examiner, as well as in the cases covered by paragraph 13, the Director will be prepared to allow a candidate who is dissatisfied with this decision to appeal for a special examination, subject to the conditions set out in regulation 30.
III.—Reports.
15. The result of every test should be reported to the Director on the Form M. & M.—B., and to the Principal Examiner on the Form M. & M.—FF., when the candidate is up for examination for a certificate of competency; and to the Director on Form M. & M.—C. when the candidate is up for examination in the sight tests only.
All cases of failure should also be
reported to the Principal Examiner on Form M.
———
APPENDIX A.
Regulation 4.
PLACES AND TIMES OF EXAMINATION.
Place. | Highest Grade Issued. | Day. |
Sydney........... | All grades...................................... |
|
Melbourne...... | Master, foreign-going..................... | Every Monday |
Brisbane......... | Master, foreign-going..................... | First, third and fifth Monday in each month |
Adelaide......... | Master, foreign-going..................... | First, third and fifth Monday in each month |
Any of above ports | Sight Test....................................... | Every Saturday |
The examination for Extra Master will be held at Sydney only during the last full week in January, April, July and October.
Examinations will be discontinued on the Monday nearest to the 15th December in each year, and will be resumed on the fourth Monday following.
N.B.—The days of examination in above table are liable to alteration without notice, and candidates are advised to ascertain the actual date of examination when making application for examination at the Mercantile Marine Office.
APPENDIX B.
Regulations 31-41.
TABLE SHOWING THE REQUIREMENTS AS TO SEA SERVICE NECESSARY TO QUALIFY FOR EXAMINATION FOR FOREIGN-GOING CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY.
In the following tables the letter F is used as denoting service in foreign-going ships, and C as denoting service in limited coast trade ships.
It must be clearly understood that
the amount of service laid down in the Regulations for each grade of
Certificate of Competency is the
Rank. | Minimum Age. | Total Sea Service (Years).* | Officer’s Service in Merchant Vessels. | ||
Years. | Lowest Capacity. | Lowest Certificate required. | |||
ORDINARY CERTIFICATES FOR FOREIGN-GOING SHIPS. | |||||
Second Mate | 20 | 4F or 6C | .. | No officer’s service required.................... | None |
First Mate | 21½ | 5½f or 8½C | 1½ |
Or | Second Mate Foreign-going |
2½ |
Or | Second Mate Foreign-going | |||
2½ |
| Second Mate Foreign-going | |||
Master........ | 23 | 7F or 10½C | 1½ | First Mate in Foreign Trade...................... Or | First Mate Foreign-going |
2 | Second Mate in Foreign trade................... Or | First Mate Foreign-going | |||
2½ | Third Mate in Foreign trade...................... Or | First Mate Foreign-going | |||
3 | Master in Limited Coast-trade Sub grade A Or |
| |||
2½ | First Mate in Limited Coast-trade............. Or | First Mate Foreign-going | |||
3 |
Or | First Mate Foreign-going | |||
3¾ |
| First Mate Foreign-going | |||
Extra Master | .................. | ................. | ............... | Same as Master | |
The distance of 500 miles between terminal ports referred to in regulations 36 and 39, and in Appendix B, is the distance as given in the Admiralty Distance Tables. In a case of any distance not contained therein, the distance is to be calculated in a similar manner to that of the Admiralty Distance Tables.
APPENDIX C.
Regulations 48–93.
TABLE SHOWING THE REQUIREMENTS AS TO SEA SERVICE NECESSARY TO QUALIFY FOR LIMITED COAST-TRADE AND RIVER AND BAY CERTIFICATES.
Note.
(1) For an Ordinary Certificate, at least one year of the total sea service must have been performed in a square-rigged sailing vessel.
(2) For a Fore-and-aft Certificate, at least one year of the total sea service must have been performed in a sailing vessel.
(3) For a River and Bay Certificate as Master, at least one year of the total service required must have been performed in the particular River and Bay Trade for which the certificate is desired.
(4) The Certificates required to be held to qualify candidates for examination may be either the Ordinary Certificates, or those for Fore-and-aft vessels or for Steamships.
(5) The service required to qualify candidates for examination may have been performed in any vessel in which the certificate held entitles the candidate to serve.
Rank. | Minimum Age. | Minimum Total Sea Service (Years). | Officer’s Service in Merchant Vessels. | |||||||||
Years. | Lowest Capacity. | Lowest Certificate Required. | ||||||||||
ORDINARY, OR FORE-AND-AFT, OR STEAMSHIP CERTIFICATES, LIMITED COAST TRADE | ||||||||||||
Mate | Sub-grade | C | 19 | 3 | .......... | No officer’s service required | None | |||||
Master | „ | D | 20 | 4 | ||||||||
Second Mate | „ | A | 19 | 3 | ||||||||
Mate | „ | B | 20 | 4 | ||||||||
Master | „ | C | 21 | 4 | 1 | Mate, limited coast trade............. | Mate, Sub-grade C; L.C.T. | |||||
First Mate | „ | A | 20 | 4 | 1 | Second or Third Mate, limited coast trade | Second Mate, Sub-grade A; limited coast trade | |||||
Master | „ | B | 22 | 5 | .. | Same as First Mate, Sub-grade A | ||||||
Master | „ | A | 23 | 5 | 1 | First Mate, limited coast trade | First Mate, Sub-grade A; limited coast trade | |||||
1 | Second Mate, limited coast trade | First Mate, Sub-grade A; limited coast trade | ||||||||||
1½ | Second or Third Mate, limited coast trade | Second Mate, Sub grade A; limited coast trade | ||||||||||
FORE-AND-AFT, OR STEAMSHIP CERTIFICATES, RIVER AND BAY TRADE. | ||||||||||||
Mate | Sub-grade | C | 18 | 2 | .. | No officer’s service required | None | |||||
Master | Sub-grade | C | 19 | 3 | 1 | Mate or Barge Master............... | None | |||||
under 50 tons net register | ||||||||||||
Master | Sub-grade | C | 19 | 3 | 1 | Mate.......................................... or Barge Master on River Murray | Mate, Sub-grade C, River and Bay None | |||||
2 | ||||||||||||
Mate | „ | A | 18 | 3 | .. | No officer’s service required. | None | |||||
Master | „ | B | 19 | 4 | .. | No officer’s service required | None | |||||
Master | „ | A | 20 | 4 | 1 | Mate, River and Bay trade | Mate, Sub-grade A, River and Bay | |||||
APPENDIX D.
Regulation
21 (
EXAMINATION IN SIGNALLING.
The examination in Signalling, in all cases in which it is required for a certificate of competency, will consist of an examination in the International Code, the Allied Signal Manual, Morse Flashing and Semaphore.
The examination in Signalling should in all cases and for all grades consist of an examination in the International Code, the Allied Signal Manual, Morse Flashing and Semaphore.
Appendix
D—
By the form of the hoist, an observer can at sight understand the nature of any signal he sees flying; the examination should, therefore, tend to elicit a clear knowledge of all the distinctive features of the Code.
With this object in view, the Examiners should question the candidates as to the distinguishing forms of the respective hoists, which will be indicated according as a burgee, a pennant, or a square flag is uppermost, and also with regard to the number of flags, and the position of the Code flag when used in the hoist; making the 1, 2, 3 and 4 flag signals with the flags supplied for the purpose, and varying the signals made, showing 2 and 3 flag signals, with and without the Code flag included, or a Geographical or a Vocabulary signal, the name of a merchant ship or of a ship of war.
As the two latter signals would not be found in the Signal Book, the candidate should know where to find them and how to look them out.
The candidate should—
(
a ) Be able to read a signal at sight, so far as to name the flags composing the hoist.(
b ) Know the use of the Code pennant and of the pennants C and D, “Yes” and “No,” also of the two burgees A and B, and the square flags s and p, and the flags used to indicate cholera, plague, &c., on board, and the quarantine flag,(
c ) Be required to signal some word or words not included in the vocabulary or the Code either by letters or by the Spelling Table (page 51G) or both.(
d ) Have a knowledge of the Distant Signals, and of their object, and the different modes of signalling therewith.(
e ) Know the special Morse signals indicated by certain letters as given on page 551.(
f ) Have a good Knowledge of the Distress Signals and understand the penalty which may be incurred by their improper use.
The International Code is used on board His Majesty’s ships, and it has been adopted by all the Principal Maritime Powers for their public as well as merchant ships.
Candidates for other certificates will only be required to attain a speed of 6 words a minute in Morse flashing and 8 words a minute in Semaphore.
In the ordinary examination, it will be sufficient if in Morse flashing a candidate is given a test card and a spelling message of 10 words, and in Semaphore a spelling message of 25 words.
In the Extra Master’s examination or the voluntary examination in signalling, the semaphore test will be a spelling message of 50 words.
The Morse flashing test will be a
test message
The candidate must attain a degree
of accuracy of at least 90 per cent. both in making and reading in each method,
In the examination in Morse flashing the candidate should be first required to make a test message, followed by a spelling message of 25 words. The Examiner should then make a test message, followed by a spelling message of 25 words to be read by the candidate.
Appendix
D—
The same procedure must be observed in the Semaphore examination, except that, as a test message is not given, the candidate will be required to make a spelling message of 50 words and then to read a message of 50 words made by the Examiner. The semaphore messages may be made either by hand flags or mechanical Semaphore, or both, at the discretion of the Examiner.
In the Morse flashing examination,
marks will be allotted for the test message in the proportion of 50/78 of a
mark for each correct letter (
In the Semaphore examination 2 marks will be allotted for each correct word and 90 per cent. of the maximum must be obtained for a pass.
The spelling message is left to the discretion of the examiner, and may be a passage from any book or newspaper in English. When the passage contains figures and the candidate does not choose to spell them out, the examiner should see that the proper signs are made before and after the figures.
The message as read by the candidate should be taken down by another candidate where possible, otherwise by a clerk, or other person according as the examiner may deem expedient.
Candidates should be thoroughly tested in the various signs and the procedure of calling up, sending and answering a signal, as laid down in the Allied Signal Manual, and this course should always be strictly adhered to.
Particular attention should be paid by examiners to the accurate spacing of the Morse signs, and to the intervals between letters and words, and also to the correct making of the Semaphore signs. Any attempted increase of speed at the expense of accuracy should be discouraged.
The block letter test and spelling message as read by the candidate should be forwarded on the Form M. & M.—Y, together with the percentage of marks allotted and report on the Form M. & M.—Z, to the Principal Examiner, with any remarks the examiner may have to add with respect to the examination.
Note.—The International Code of Signals, with the Signal Letters of British Ships, is prepared by the Registrar-General of Shipping and Seamen, and may be obtained of the publishers, Messrs. Spottiswoode, Ballantyne & Co., 1, New-Street Square, London, E.C.4, and the principal booksellers at the various ports, price 25s.
The Official Mercantile Navy List and Maritime Directory may be obtained in like manner, price 25s.
The Allied Signal Manual may be obtained through any bookseller, or directly from H.M. Stationery Office, price 1s.
————
APPENDIX E.
Regulation 9.
CERTIFICATE OF WATCHKEEPING SERVICE.
For a First Mate’s Certificate.
This is to Certify that Mr.………………………………………………………...has served on the SS…………………………..from ……………………………….to……………………in the capacity of *(1st) (2nd) (3rd) Watchkeeping Officer. During this time Mr.…………………………….was an Officer in effective charge of a watch for eight hours out of every twenty-four hours at sea.
Watches were not doubled at any time during the voyage
Watches were doubled between the following dates…………………………..................and during this time Mr.……………………………..served as the *Senior/Junior of two Bridge Keeping Officers.‡
An entry to this effect has been made in the Mate’s log.
Signature of Master.........................................
* Strike out the words which do not apply.
Strike out this paragraph if watches were doubled at any time during the voyage.
‡ Strike out this paragraph if watches were not doubled at any time during the voyage.
Appendix
E—
CERTIFICATE OF WATCHKEEPING SERVICE.
For a Master’s Certificate.
This is to certify that Mr....................................................................................has served on the SS....................................from.................................to................................................................in the capacity of *(1st) (2nd) (3rd) Watchkeeping Officer During this time Mr................................was an officer in sole charge of a watch for eight hours out of every twenty-four hours at sea.
Watches were not doubled at any time during the voyage.
On all occasions on which watches were doubled during the voyage Mr..................................................served as the senior of two Bridge Keeping Officers.‡
An entry to this effect has been made in the Mate’s log.
Signature of Master.........................................
[
Strikeout this paragraph if watches were doubled at any time during the voyage.
‡ Strike out this paragraph if watches were not doubled at any time during the voyage.
APPENDIX F.
Regulation 130 (4).
APPROVED SCHOOLS OF NAUTICAL TRAINING ON SHORE.
The following is a list of schools
of nautical training (other than the Nautical College, Pangbourne—
A.—Residential Training Establishments.
Wallasey, Cheshire:—The Lancashire and National and Sea Training Homes, Withins Lane, Liscard, Cheshire.
Half time to count up to a maximum of 6 months.
B.—Cadet Courses at Junior Technical Schools and Similar Institutions.
Cardiff:—Smith Junior Nautical School, Cardiff.
Hull:—Boulevard Nautical School, Hull.
Glasgow:—Royal Technical College, George Street, Glasgow.
Greenock:—Watt Memorial School, Dalrymple Street, Greenock.
Leith:—Leith Nautical College, Commercial Street, Leith.
London:—L.C.C. School of Engineering and Navigation, Poplar, London, E.
Half time to count in each case up to a maximum allowance of six months.
C.—Senior Courses in Navigation.
Aberdeen:—Robert Gordon College, School Hill, Aberdeen.
Cardiff:—Cardiff Technical College, Cathay’s Park, Cardiff.
Dundee:—Dundee Technical College, Bell Street, Dundee.
Glasgow:—Royal Technical College, George Street, Glasgow.
Leith:—Leith Nautical College, Commercial Street, Leith.
Liverpool:—Liverpool Technical College, Central Technical School, Byrom Street, Liverpool.
London-.—L.C.C. School of Engineering and Navigation, Poplar, London, E.; King Edward VII. Nautical School, Limehouse, London, E.; Sir John Cass Nautical School, Aldgate, London, E.
Plymouth:—Plymouth Navigation School, Plymouth.
South Shields:—Marine School of South Shields, South Shields.
Half time to count in each case up to a maximum allowance of three months.
APPENDIX G.
List of Certificates as Master or Mate issued under Order-in-Council
which are of the same force as those granted by the Board of Trade.
Regulation 3.
NOTE.—With the exception of those made after 1906, all of the Orders-in-Council enumerated below were consolidated and superseded by an Order-in-Council dated 9th May, 1891, which as subsequently amended by an Order-in-Council of 22nd October, 1906, and by the Order of 11th October, 1923, relating to Australia remains in force.
Colony. | Certificates, | Date of Original Order-in-Council. | Date from which Order-in-Council takes effect. | ||
By whom granted in Colony. | Description. | ||||
§Victoria................ | *Marine Board............ | Master; | First | 30th March, 1871........... | 4th January, 1870 |
Mate; Mate; Mate | Only Second | ||||
Canada................... | The Minister of Marine and Fisheries | Master; | First | 19th August, 1871.......... | 19th August, 1871 |
Mate; Mate; Mate | Only | ||||
Second | |||||
New Zealand.......... | Marine Department | Master; | First | 9th August, 1872............ | 1st May, 1872 |
Mate; Mate; Mate | Only Second | ||||
§New South Wales |
| Master; Mate; Mate | First Second | 30th August, 1873.......... | 18th June, 1872 |
§South Australia | Marine Board............ | Master; | First | 12th May, 1874............... | 12th May, 1874 |
Mate; Mate; Mate | Only Second | ||||
§Tasmania.............. | Governor | Master; | First | 12th February, 1876 | 1st April, 1876 |
Mate; Mate; Mate | Only Second | ||||
Bengal.................... | Lieutenant-Governor | Master; | First | 27th June, 1876............... | 27th June, 1876 |
Mate; Mate; Mate | Only Second | ||||
Newfoundland | Governor................... | Master; | First | 14th May, 1877............... | 14th May, 1877 |
Mate; | Only | ||||
Mate; | Second | ||||
Mate | |||||
Bombay.................. | Governor................... | Master; | First | 11th July, 1877............... | 11th July, 1877 |
Mate; Mate; Mate | Only Second | ||||
Queensland............ | Marine Board ........... | Master; | First | 26th March, 1878........... | 1st October, 1877 |
Mate; Mate | Second | ||||
Hong Kong............ | Governor................... | Master; | First | 31st December, 1883 | 1st January, 1884 |
Mate; Mate; Mate | Only Second | ||||
Straits Settlements | Governor................... | Master; | First | 1st May, 1890................. | 1st June, 1890 |
Mate; Mate | Second | ||||
Commonwealth of Australia | Minister for Trade and Customs | Master; | First | 11th October, 1923 | 1st October, 1923 |
Mate; Mate | Second | ||||
*
The Steam Navigation Board was superseded by the Marine Board on the 21st
December, 1888.
The Marine Board was superseded by the Department of Navigation on the 17th March, 1900.
§ The issue of certificates of Imperial validity by the Governments of the separate States of the Commonwealth of Australia ceased on the 1st October, 1923, the date on which the issue of such certificates was undertaken by the Commonwealth Government.
Note.—The Orders-in-Council giving Imperial validity to certificates of competency issued in Malta and Mauritius were revoked by an Order-in-Council dated 18th August, 1916.
APPENDIX H.
Regulation 14(2).
Commonwealth of Australia.
Seal.
CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY.
as
(
To (
Whereas it has been reported to me
that you have been found duly qualified to fulfil the duties of (
Given under the Seal of the Minister for Trade and Customs at………………………………this……………………..day of…………..19………………
By Order of the Minister.
…………………………………
Director of Navigation.
(Back of Form of Certificate.)
Commonwealth of Australia.
No of Certificate.................................................
Address of Owner..................................................................................................................................
Date and Place of Birth...........................................................................................................................
Signature................................................................................................................................................
This Certificate is given upon an Examination passed at…………………………on the……………………….day of………………………19………………
Issued at the Port of………………………………on the…………………………………….day of……………………19……………
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