Navigation (Examination of Engineers) Regulations 1964 (Cth)

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NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - Incorporating all
amendments by legislation made to 31 December 1980
- Reprinted as at 31 December 1980 (HISTREG CHAP 159 #DATE 31:12:1980)

*1* The Navigation (Examination of Engineers) Regulations 1964 (in force under the Navigation Act 1912) as shown in this reprint comprise Statutory Rules 1964 No. 33 as amended by the other Statutory Rules specified in the following table: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Application, saving Year and Date of notification Date of or transitional number in Gazette commencement provisions ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1964 No. 33 6 Mar 1964 6 Mar 1964 1965 No. 109 16 Aug 1965 16 Aug 1965 - 1968 No. 29 20 Mar 1968 20 Mar 1968 - 1969 No. 92 19 June 1969 19 June 1969 R. 7 1972 No. 155 25 Sept 1972 25 Sept 1972 R. 19 1975 No. 77 6 May 1975 6 May 1975 - 1980 No. 205 24 July 1980 24 July 1980 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - TABLE OF PROVISIONS

TABLE

TABLE OF PROVISIONS

PART I-PRELIMINARY

Regulation

1. Citation

2. Parts

3. Repeal

4. Interpretation

5. These Regulations not to apply in relation to examinations for certificates as coast engineers and marine engine-drivers

6. Sea service

PART II-QUALIFICATIONS FOR EXAMINATIONS FOR CERTIFICATES

Division 1-Second Class Certificates

7. Prescribed qualifications

8. Age of candidate

9. Service as apprentice engineer or journeyman

10. Service as student or technical apprentice

11. Technical college, &c., service

12. Service under marine engineer training scheme

13. Equivalent service

14. Qualifying sea service for steam certificate by person who does not hold a certificate

15. Qualifying sea service for motor certificate by a person who does not hold a certificate

16. Qualifying sea service for steam and motor certificate by a person who does not hold a certificate

17. Qualifying sea service for motor certificate by holder of steam certificate

18. Qualifying sea service for steam certificate by holder of motor certificate

19. Reduction in qualifying sea service

20. Sea service to have been mainly served when regular watch is being kept on the ship

Division 2-First Class Certificates

21. Prescribed qualifications

22. Certificate to be held

23. Qualifying sea service

24. Reduction in qualifying sea service

25. Permission to sit in special circumstances

26. Sea service to have been mainly served when regular watch is being kept on the ship

Division 3-Extra First Class Certificate

27. Prescribed qualifications

Division 4-Calculation of Sea Service as Qualifying Sea Service

28. Length of period of sea service under an agreement

28A. Part only of sea service otherwise than in keeping regular watch to be counted

29. Reckoning of sea service as qualifying sea service

30. Qualifying sea service-limited coast-trade ship, &c.

31. Qualifying sea service-river and bay ship, &c.

PART III-EXAMINATIONS AND EXEMPTIONS

32. Places and times of examinations

33. Appointment of examiners

33A. Eligibility for examination

34. Application for examination

35. Testimonials of sea service

36. Physical defects

37. Declaration covering twelve months preceding application

38. Fees

39. Prescribed examination for candidates for second class certificates who do not already hold certificates

40. Method of taking examination referred to in regulation 39

41. Prescribed examination for candidates for second class certificates who already hold certificates

42. Prescribed examination for candidates for first class certificates who do not already hold first class certificates

43. Method of taking examination referred to in regulation 42

44. Prescribed examination for candidates for certificates of competency as first class engineer, steamship and motorship who already hold first class certificates

45. Prescribed examination for candidates for extra first class certificates

46. Method of taking examination for extra first class certificate

47. Notification of examination results

48. Exemptions

49. Exemption-transitional provision

50. Penalties for failure

51. Conduct in examination room

51A. Certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman

PART IV-CERTIFICATES

52. Sub-grades of certificates of competency

53. Form of certificates of competency

54. Prescribed qualifications for the holder of a first or second class certificate

55. Fee for duplicate certificate or permit

PART V-PERMITS

56. Minister may issue permits

SCHEDULE 1

Forms

SCHEDULE 2

Syllabus for examination for a second class certificate

SCHEDULE 3

Syllabus for examination for a first class certificate

SCHEDULE 4

Syllabus for examination for an extra first class certificate

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 1.
Citation

PART I-PRELIMINARY

1. These Regulations may be cited as the Navigation (Examination of Engineers) Regulations 1964.*1*

See notes to first article of this Chapter.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 2.
Parts

Amended by 1965 No. 109 r. 1 2. These Regulations are divided into Parts, as follows: Part I-Preliminary (Regulations 1-6) Part II-Qualifications for Examinations for Certificates Division 1-Second Class Certificates (Regulations 7-20) Division 2-First Class Certificates (Regulations 21-26) Division 3-Extra First Class Certificate (Regulation 27) Division 4-Calculation of Sea Service as Qualifying Sea Service (Regulations 28-31). Part III-Examinations and Exemptions (Regulations 32-51) Part IV-Certificates (Regulations 52-55) Part V-Permits (Regulation 56).

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 3.
Repeal

3. The Navigation (Examination of Engineers) Regulations 1941 (being Statutory Rules 1941, No. 129) are repealed.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 4.
Interpretation

Sub-reg. (1) amended by 1969 No. 92 r. 1; 1972 No. 155 r. 1; 1975 No. 77 r. 1; 1980 No. 205 4. (1) In these Regulations, unless the contrary intention appears- "Australian-trade ship" means a ship (other than a foreign-going ship, a limited coast-trade ship or a river and bay ship) employed in trading or going between places in Australia; "certificate" means an extra first class certificate, a first class certificate or a second class certificate; "certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman" means a certificate issued after examination according to the syllabus for examination for a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman specified in the Tenth Schedule to the Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations or an examination that, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, is equivalent to that examination; "certificate of proficiency in first aid" means a certificate of proficiency in first aid issued after examination by a body approved for the purposes of these Regulations by the Minister; "examiner" means a person appointed under regulation 33 of these Regulations to conduct examinations under these Regulations, and includes the Principal Examiner; "extra first class certificate" means a certificate of competency as extra first class engineer; "first class certificate" means a certificate of competency of a sub-grade specified in column 2 of the table in sub-regulation (1) of regulation 52 of these Regulations opposite to the grade of first class engineer in column 1; "nominal horsepower ", in relation to a steamship, means the horsepower specified as the horsepower of the steamship in the certificate of registry of the steamship; "limited coast-trade ship" means a ship engaged in making voyages between terminal ports in Australia outside river and bay limits but less than five hundred miles apart, not being voyages between- (a) Brisbane and Sydney; (b) Sydney and Melbourne; (c) Melbourne and Adelaide; or (d) Melbourne and Hobart; "miles" means Admiralty nautical miles; "Principal Examiner" means the person appointed by the Minister to be the Principal Examiner of Engineers, being a person for the time being holding or performing the duties of an office of Marine Education Officer, Grade 2, in the Department of Transport; "qualifying sea service" means sea service calculated as qualifying sea service in accordance with Division 4 of Part II; "regular watch" means a system of keeping watch that requires each person keeping watch to keep watch for eight hours in each twenty-four hours or a system of work that requires each person working in accordance with the system to perform work for at least one-third of the period during which work is being performed in accordance with the system; "second class certificate" means a certificate of competency of a sub-grade specified in column 2 of the table in sub-regulation (1) of regulation 52 of these Regulations opposite to the grade of second class engineer in column 1; "the Act" means the Navigation Act 1912-1961; "workshop service" means- (a) service in a workshop in a Commonwealth country; or (b) service in a workshop in a country other than a Commonwealth country, being a workshop the standard of workmanship in which is, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, not less than that in a similar workshop in Australia.

(2) A reference in these Regulations to a Schedule by a number shall be read as a reference to the Schedule so numbered to these Regulations.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 1 (3) A reference in these Regulations to a form by number shall be read as a reference to the form so numbered in Schedule 1.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 5.
These Regulations not to apply in relation to examinations for certificates
as
coast engineers and marine engine-drivers

5. Nothing in these Regulations affects the operation of the provisions of the Navigation (Examination of Engineers) Regulations 1926 relating to the qualifications and examinations for candidates for certificates of competency as first class coast engineer, second class coast engineer or third class coast engineer, or first class marine engine-driver or second class marine engine-driver.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 6.
Sea service

6. (1) For the purposes of these Regulations, "sea service ", in relation to a candidate for a second class certificate, means, subject to sub-regulation (3) of this regulation, service on articles as an engineer in a steamship of not less than 66 nominal horse-power or a motorship of not less than 373 brake horse-power by a person- (a) who, when regular watch is being kept on board the ship, joins in keeping that regular watch; or (b) who does not keep regular watch but all of whose work is performed within the engine or boiler spaces of the ship, being- (c) service in a ship trading entirely abroad, a foreign-going ship, an Australian-trade ship or a limited coast-trade ship; (d) service in a river and bay ship, if- (i) the person is, at the time of that service, a person referred to in paragraph (a) of this sub-regulation; and (ii) the person has, whether before or after that service, served three months' qualifying sea service in a ship of a kind referred to in the last preceding paragraph; (e) service in a sea-going ship that is a tug, dredger or fishing vessel, or in a pilot vessel, if the person is, at the time of that service, a person referred to in paragraph (a) of this sub-regulation; or (f) service in a yacht if, at the time of that service- (i) the person is a person referred to in paragraph (a) of this sub-regulation; and (ii) the person's name and rank are entered on the yacht's Articles.

(2) For the purposes of these Regulations, "sea service ", in relation to a candidate for a first class certificate, means, subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, service on articles as an engineer in a steamship of not less than 99 nominal horse-power or a motorship of not less than 560 brake horse-power by a person who, when regular watch is being kept on board the ship, keeps regular watch- (a) as senior engineer in charge of the entire watch; or (b) if the ship is propelled by two or more sets of engines or is a single-screw ship on which three or more engineers keep regular watch at the same time-as an engineer of a lower rank, being- (c) service in a ship trading entirely abroad, a foreign-going ship, an Australian-trade ship or a limited coast-trade ship; (d) service in a river and bay ship, in a sea-going ship that is a tug, dredger or fishing vessel or in a pilot vessel, if the person has, whether before or after that service, served six months' qualifying sea service in a ship of a kind referred to in the last preceding paragraph; or (e) service in a yacht, if- (i) the person's name and rank are, at the time of that service, entered on the yacht's Articles; and (ii) the person has, at some time, completed service of either of the following kinds: (A) three months' qualifying sea service in a ship of a kind referred to in paragraph (c) of this sub-regulation; (B) two years and three months' service as first engineer, or three years' service as second engineer or partly as second engineer and partly as first engineer, in a steam yacht of not less than 99 nominal horse-power or a motor yacht of not less than 560 brake horse-power.

(3) For the purposes of these Regulations, service of any of the following kinds shall be deemed not to be sea service: (a) service in a ship where an engineer on regular watch is, as part of his regular duties, required to do stoking or other work not usually performed by an engineer in the merchant navy; (b) service in a pilot ship when it is not on, going to or coming from its station; (c) service that has been counted as workshop service under regulation 9 of these Regulations.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 7.
Prescribed qualifications

PART II-QUALIFICATIONS FOR EXAMINATIONS FOR CERTIFICATES

Division 1-Second Class Certificates

7. (1) For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act the other qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to an examination for a second class certificate are, subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, such of the qualifications specified in the succeeding provisions of this Division as are applicable to the person.

Amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 2 (2) The qualifications relating to age and sea service specified in the succeeding provisions of this Division are not qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to Part A of the examination specified in regulation 39 of these Regulations or to so much of Part B of that examination as consists of papers in Electrotechnology and Naval Architecture.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 8.
Age of candidate

8. A candidate shall not be less than twenty-one years of age.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 9.
Service as apprentice engineer or journeyman

Sub-reg. (1) amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 2 9. (1) Subject to sub-regulation (1A), a candidate shall have performed workshop service, in accordance with this regulation, for not less than four years as an apprentice engineer or a journeyman on work relating to the manufacture or maintenance of machinery, being work affording suitable training for a marine engineer.

Inserted by 1975 No. 77 r. 2 (1A) Where a candidate has completed his apprenticeship in less than 4 years, that candidate shall have performed workshop service in accordance with this regulation on work of a kind referred to in sub-regulation (1) for not less than the period of his apprenticeship.

Amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 3; 1975 No. 77 r. 2 (2) Of the period during which a candidate performed workshop service in accordance with sub-regulation (1) or (1A), whichever is applicable, a period of not less than the prescribed period shall have been spent in fitting, erecting or repairing machinery of a size or description affording suitable training for a marine engineer.

Inserted by 1975 No. 77 r. 2 (2A) For the purposes of sub-regulation (2), the prescribed period is- (a) where the period of the apprenticeship is 3 years or less-6 months; (b) where the period of the apprenticeship is more than 3 years but not more than 3 years and 6 months-7 months and 15 days; or (c) in any other case-9 months.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 2 (3) That part, if any, of the period during which a candidate performed workshop service in accordance with sub-regulation (1) or (1A), whichever is applicable, not spent as specified in sub-regulation (2) shall have been spent in performing work of a type specified in column 1 of the table in this sub-regulation or any other type of work that affords suitable training for a marine engineer but, in calculating this period- (a) any time spent in performing work of a type specified in column 1 of the table in this sub-regulation in excess of the maximum period specified in column 2 of that table opposite to that type of work shall be disregarded; and (b) any time spent in performing any other work in excess of the maximum period approved by the Minister with respect to that type of work shall be disregarded.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Column 1 Column 2 Type of Work Maximum Period ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Metal turning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 years Brass finishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 year Boiler making or repairing . . . . . . . . . . . 1 year Pattern making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 year Planing, slotting, shaping and milling . . . . . 1 year Tool room work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 year Training in the use of hand and small machine tools under a scheme of training approved by the Minister 1 year Smith work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 months Coppersmith work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 months Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 months Work in a drawing office as a draughtsman or engineer engaged on arrangement, detail or design 1 year or, if more than one year has been so spent, 1 year plus half the time in excess of one year so spent Electrical shop or repair work not already specified in this column (not being work of a minor nature) 1 year or, if more than one year has been so spent, 1 year plus half the time in excess of one year so spent or 1 year plus six months, whichever is the less ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 2 (4) A candidate who has performed workshop service as an apprentice engineer or a journeyman for not less than the period for which, by virtue of sub-regulation (1) or (1A), whichever is applicable, he is required to have performed workshop service but who would, but for this sub-regulation, fail, because of the nature of the work performed by him during some or all of that service, to satisfy the requirements of the preceding provisions of this regulation may, for the purpose of satisfying those requirements, count as workshop service of a kind required to satisfy those requirements any service at sea by him, after attaining the age of twenty years, as engineer on board a ship trading entirely abroad, a foreign-going ship, an Australian-trade ship or a limited coast-trade ship, being a steamship of not less than 66 nominal horse-power or a motorship of not less than 373 brake horse-power.

(5) In counting service at sea as workshop service by virtue of the last preceding sub-regulation- (a) each day of service at sea in a ship trading entirely abroad engaged on a voyage the terminal ports of which are not less than five hundred miles apart, in a foreign-going ship or in an Australian-trade ship shall be counted as two-thirds of a day of workshop service; and (b) each day of service at sea in a ship trading entirely abroad engaged on a voyage the terminal ports of which are less than five hundred miles apart or in a limited coast-trade ship shall be counted as four-ninths of a day of workshop service.

(6) This regulation does not apply to a candidate who- (a) satisfies the requirements of regulation 10, 11, 12 or 13 of these Regulations; or (b) already holds a certificate.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 10.
Service as student or technical apprentice

Sub-reg. (1) amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 4 10. (1) A candidate- (a) shall have performed workshop service, in accordance with this regulation, for not less than four years in a student or technical apprenticeship acceptable to the Principal Examiner; and (b) shall have obtained one of the following United Kingdom technical qualifications: (i) a Higher National Diploma in Mechanical Engineering; (ii) a Higher National Certificate in Mechanical Engineering; (iii) an Ordinary National Certificate in Mechanical Engineering; (iv) an Ordinary National Diploma in Engineering.

Amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 4 (2) Of the period of service specified in paragraph (a) of the last preceding sub-regulation, a period of at least nine months shall have been spent in fitting, erecting or repairing machinery of a size or description affording suitable training for a marine engineer.

(3) This regulation does not apply to a candidate who- (a) satisfies the requirements of regulation 9, 11, 12 or 13 of these Regulations; or (b) already holds a certificate.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 11.
Technical college, &c., service

11. (1) A candidate- (a) shall have satisfactorily completed a full-time course of study of at least the standard of the course leading to the United Kingdom Higher National Diploma in Mechanical Engineering for a period of not less than three years at a technical college or university; and (b) shall have performed workshop service, in accordance with this regulation, for a period of not less than two years.

(2) Of the period of service specified in paragraph (b) of the last preceding sub-regulation, a period of at least six consecutive months shall have been spent in fitting, erecting or repairing machinery of a size or description affording suitable training for a marine engineer.

(3) That part, if any, of the period of service specified in paragraph (b) of sub-regulation (1) of this regulation not spent as specified in the last preceding sub-regulation shall have been spent in accordance with the requirements laid down in sub-regulation (3) of regulation 9 of these Regulations with respect to the period of service specified in sub-regulation (1) of that regulation.

(4) For the purposes of paragraph (b) of sub-regulation (1) of this regulation- (a) a period of service of less than one month shall be disregarded; (b) periods spent in works apprentice training schemes for fitters or turners or in similar training in technical college or university workshops shall, to the extent that they exceed in the aggregate six months, be disregarded; and (c) periods of workshop training carried out during technical college or university vacations and periods referred to in the last preceding paragraph shall, to the extent that they exceed in the aggregate nine months, be disregarded.

(5) This regulation does not apply to a candidate who- (a) satisfies the requirements of regulation 9, 10, 12 or 13 of these Regulations; or (b) already holds a certificate.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 12.
Service under marine engineer training scheme

Sub-reg. (1) amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 5; 1975 No. 77 r. 3 12. (1) A candidate shall have successfully completed training acceptable to the Principal Examiner under which the candidate is required- (a) to complete a 2-year course leading to- (i) the United Kingdom Ordinary National Diploma in Engineering; (ii) the Marine Engineering Technician's Certificate of the City and Guilds of London Institute; or (iii) the United Kingdom Higher National Diploma in Mechanical Engineering (Marine); and (b) to perform prescribed service for a period of not less than thirty months.

Inserted by 1972 No. 155 r. 5 (1A) For the purposes of the last preceding sub-regulation, prescribed service is- (a) service at sea as an apprentice engineer; or (b) workshop service, being service in a shipyard or the engineering works of a marine-engine builder or other service suitable for the training of a marine engineer, but the candidate shall not be taken to have satisfied the requirements of paragraph (b) of that sub-regulation unless the period of the prescribed service performed by him included service of the kind referred to in paragraph (a) of this sub-regulation for a period of not less than eighteen months and service of a kind referred to in paragraph (b) of this sub-regulation for a period of not less than six months.

(2) This regulation does not apply to a candidate who- (a) satisfies the requirements of regulation 9, 10, 11 or 13 of these Regulations; or (b) already holds a certificate.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 13.
Equivalent service

13. (1) A candidate shall have undergone training as a marine engineer that is, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, equivalent to the training specified in regulation 10, 11 or 12 of these Regulations.

(2) This regulation does not apply to a candidate who- (a) satisfies the requirements of regulation 9, 10, 11 or 12 of these Regulations; or (b) already holds a certificate.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 14.
Qualifying sea service for steam certificate by person who does not hold a
certificate

14. (1) Subject to this regulation, a candidate for a certificate of competency as second class engineer of a steamship who does not already hold a certificate shall have served twenty-one months' qualifying sea service in accordance with this regulation.

(2) Of the period of qualifying sea service specified in the last preceding sub-regulation a period of at least six months shall have been spent in connexion with the boilers of a steamship.

(3) Of the period of qualifying sea service specified in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation a period of at least six months shall have been spent in connexion with the main propelling machinery of a steamship.

(4) The periods, or parts of the periods, of qualifying sea service specified in the last two preceding sub-regulations may have been served simultaneously as long as the periods spent in connexion with the boilers, the main propelling machinery and both the boilers and the main propelling machinery amount in the aggregate to not less than nine months.

(5) That part, if any, of the period of qualifying sea service specified in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation not spent as specified in sub-regulation (2) or (3) of this regulation shall have been spent on some or all of the following types of service: (a) service in connexion with the main propelling machinery of a motorship; (b) service in connexion with auxiliary machinery of a steamship or a motorship, being machinery that affords suitable training for a marine engineer; (c) any other engineering service within the engine or boiler spaces of a ship.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 15.
Qualifying sea service for motor certificate by a person who does not hold a
certificate

15. (1) A candidate for certificate of competency as second class engineer of a motorship who does not already hold a certificate shall have served twenty-one months' qualifying sea service in accordance with this regulation.

(2) Of the period of qualifying sea service specified in the last preceding sub-regulation a period of at least six months shall have been spent in connexion with the main propelling machinery of a motorship.

(3) That part, if any, of the period of qualifying sea service specified in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation not spent as specified in the last preceding sub-regulation shall have been spent on some or all of the following types of service: (a) service in connexion with the main propelling machinery of a steamship; (b) service in connexion with auxiliary machinery of a steamship or a motorship, being machinery that affords suitable training for a marine engineer; (c) service in connexion with the boilers of a steamship; (d) any other engineering service within the engine or boiler spaces of a ship.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 16.
Qualifying sea service for steam and motor certificate by a person who does
not
hold a certificate

16. (1) A candidate for a certificate of competency as second class engineer, steamship and motorship, who does not already hold a certificate shall have served twenty-four months' qualifying sea service in accordance with this regulation.

(2) Of the period of qualifying sea service specified in the last preceding sub-regulation a period of at least six months shall have been spent in connexion with the boilers of a steamship.

(3) Of the period of qualifying sea service specified in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation a period of at least six months shall have been spent in connexion with the main propelling machinery of a steamship.

(4) The periods, or parts of the periods, of qualifying sea service specified in the last two preceding sub-regulations may have been served simultaneously as long as the periods spent in connexion with the boilers, the main propelling machinery and both the boilers and the main propelling machinery amount in the aggregate to not less than nine months.

(5) Of the period of qualifying sea service specified in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation a period of at least six months shall have been spent in connexion with the main propelling machinery of a motorship.

(6) That part, if any, of the period of qualifying sea service specified in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation not spent as specified in sub-regulation (2), (3) or (5) of this regulation shall have been spent on either of the following types of service: (a) service in connexion with auxiliary machinery of a steamship or a motorship, being machinery that affords suitable training for a marine engineer; (b) any other engineering service in the engine or boiler spaces of a ship.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 17.
Qualifying sea service for motor certificate by holder of steam certificate

17. A candidate for a certificate of competency as second class engineer of a motorship who already holds a certificate of competency as first class engineer of a steamship or a candidate for a certificate of competency as second class engineer, steamship and motorship who already holds a certificate of competency as second class engineer of a steamship- (a) shall have served three months' qualifying sea service in addition to the qualifying sea service that he was required to serve to qualify for the certificate that he holds; and (b) shall have spent not less than six months' qualifying sea service, whether before or after, or partly before and partly after, the issue of the certificate that he holds, in connexion with the main propelling machinery of a motorship.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 18.
Qualifying sea service for steam certificate by holder of motor certificate

Sub-reg. (1) amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 6 18. (1) A candidate for a certificate of competency as second class engineer of a steamship who already holds a certificate of competency as first class engineer of a motorship or a candidate for a certificate of competency as second class engineer, steamship and motorship who already holds a certificate of competency as second class engineer of a motorship- (a) shall have served three months' qualifying sea service in addition to the qualifying sea service that he was required to serve to qualify for the certificate that he holds; (b) shall have spent not less than six months' qualifying sea service, whether before or after, or partly before and partly after, the issue of the certificate that he holds, in connexion with the boilers of a steamship; and (c) shall have spent not less than six months' qualifying sea service, whether before or after, or partly before and partly after, the issue of the certificate that he holds, in connexion with the main propelling machinery of a steamship.

(2) The periods, or parts of the periods, of qualifying sea service specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of the last preceding sub-regulation may have been served simultaneously as long as the periods of qualifying sea service spent in connexion with the boilers, the main propelling machinery and both the boilers and the main propelling machinery amount in the aggregate to not less than nine months.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 19.
Reduction in qualifying sea service

19. (1) The qualifying sea service that a candidate, not being a candidate who already holds a certificate, would, but for this regulation, be required to have served in accordance with this Division may be reduced by a period, determined by the Principal Examiner, not exceeding three months if the qualifications of the candidate for the purposes of this Division include workshop service that is, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, suitable training for a marine engineer.

(2) The qualifying sea service that a candidate, not being a candidate who already holds a certificate, would, but for this sub-regulation, be required to have served in accordance with this Division shall be reduced by three months if the candidate, before commencing his sea service, had passed or had qualified for exemption from, Part A of the examination specified in sub-regulation (1) of regulation 39 of these Regulations.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 20.
Sea service to have been mainly served when regular watch is being kept on
the
ship

20. (1) Two-thirds at least of the period of sea service of a candidate shall have been served in a ship at a time when regular watch is being kept on the ship.

Sub-reg. (2) omitted by 1972 No. 155 r. 7 * * * * * * * *

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 21.
Prescribed qualifications

Division 2-First Class Certificates

21. (1) For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act the other qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to an examination for a first class certificate are, subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, such of the qualifications specified in the succeeding provisions of this Division as are applicable to the person.

Amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 8 (2) The qualifications relating to sea service specified in the succeeding provisions of this Division are not qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to Part A of the examination referred to in regulation 42 of these Regulations or to so much of Part B of that examination as consists of papers in Electrotechnology and Naval Architecture.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 22.
Certificate to be held

22. A candidate for a first class certificate shall already hold a certificate.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 23.
Qualifying sea service

23. (1) A candidate who holds a second class certificate shall, since being issued with a second class certificate, whether his present certificate or a former certificate, have served a period of qualifying sea service (being sea service as defined in sub-regulation (2) of regulation 6 of these Regulations) of- (a) in the case of a candidate for a certificate of competency as first class engineer of a steamship-twenty-one months in accordance with sub-regulations (2), (3) and (4), and paragraph (a) of sub-regulation (5), of regulation 14 of these Regulations; (b) in the case of a candidate for a certificate of competency as first class engineer of a motorship-twenty-one months in accordance with sub-regulation (2), and paragraph (a) of sub-regulation (3), of regulation 15 of these Regulations; or (c) in the case of a candidate for a certificate of competency as first class engineer, steamship and motorship-twenty-four months in accordance with sub-regulations (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) of regulation 16 of these Regulations.

(2) A candidate for a certificate of competency as first class engineer, steamship and motorship who holds a certificate of competency as first class engineer of a steamship- (a) shall have served three months' qualifying sea service in addition to the qualifying sea service that he was required to serve to qualify for the certificate that he holds; and (b) shall have spent not less than six months' qualifying sea service, whether before or after, or partly before and partly after, the issue of the certificate that he holds, in connexion with the main propelling machinery of a motorship.

Amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 9 (3) A candidate for a certificate of competency as first class engineer, steamship and motorship who holds a certificate of competency as first class engineer of a motorship- (a) shall have served three months' qualifying sea service in addition to the qualifying sea service that he was required to serve to qualify for the certificate that he holds; (b) shall have spent not less than six months' qualifying sea service, whether before or after, or partly before and partly after, the issue of the certificate that he holds, in connexion with the boilers of a steamship; and (c) shall have spent not less than six months' qualifying sea service, whether before or after, or partly before and partly after, the issue of the certificate that he holds in connexion with the main propelling machinery of a steamship.

(4) The periods or parts of the periods, of qualifying sea service specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of the last preceding sub-regulation may have been served simultaneously as long as the periods of qualifying sea service spent in connexion with the boilers, the main propelling machinery and both the boilers and the main propelling machinery amount in the aggregate to not less than nine months.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 24.
Reduction in qualifying sea service

24. (1) The qualifying sea service that a candidate, not being a candidate who already holds a first class certificate, would, but for this regulation, be required to have served in accordance with this Division may be reduced by a period determined by the Principal Examiner not exceeding three months if the candidate, when he was a candidate for a second class certificate, performed workshop service that was, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, suitable training for a marine engineer.

(2) The qualifying sea service that a candidate, not being a candidate who already holds a first class certificate, would, but for this sub-regulation, be required to have served in accordance with this Division shall be reduced by three months if the candidate, before commencing his sea service for his first class certificate, had passed, or had qualified for exemption from, Part A of the examination specified in sub-regulation (1) of regulation 42 of these Regulations.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 25.
Permission to sit in special circumstances

25. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Division, the Minister may, in special circumstances, permit a candidate- (a) who, as a result of service abroad, has not had an opportunity to obtain a second class certificate; and (b) whose sea service, and workshop training are, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, adequate, to sit for the examination specified in sub-regulation (1) of regulation 42 of these Regulations.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 26.
Sea service to have been mainly served when regular watch is being kept on
the
ship

Substituted by 1972 No. 155 r. 10 26. Two-thirds at least of the period of sea service of a candidate shall have been served in a ship at a time when regular watch is being kept on the ship.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 27.
Prescribed qualifications

Division 3-Extra First Class Certificate

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 4 27. For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act a person before being admitted to an examination for an extra first class certificate, shall be the holder of- (a) a certificate of competency as first class engineer, steamship and motorship; or (b) a certificate of service corresponding with a certificate of competency as first class engineer, steamship and motorship.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 28.
Length of period of sea service under an agreement

Division 4-Calculation of Sea Service as Qualifying Sea Service

28. Each period of sea service by a candidate under an agreement shall, for the purposes of these Regulations, be deemed to include both the day on which the agreement commences and the day on which the agreement ends.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 28A.
Part only of sea service otherwise than in keeping regular watch to be
counted

Inserted by 1972 No. 155 r. 11 28A. Not more than one-half of the period of sea service of a candidate that is spent in the engine or boiler spaces of a ship otherwise than whilst keeping watch in pursuance of a regular watch shall be counted as qualifying sea service.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 29.
Reckoning of sea service as qualifying sea service

Sub-reg. (1) amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 12 29. (1) Subject to sub-regulation (2A) of this regulation, in this regulation, "full-rate period of sea service" means- (a) in relation to a candidate for a second class certificate-a period of sea service during which the candidate- (i) performs service only in connexion with the boilers or the main propelling machinery of the ship or with auxiliary machinery essential to the running of the boilers or the main propelling machinery of the ship; and (ii) whenever regular watch is being kept on the ship, keeps watch in pursuance of a regular watch; or (b) in relation to a candidate for a first class certificate-a period of sea service during which the candidate- (i) performs service only in connexion with the boilers or the main propelling machinery of the ship or with auxiliary machinery essential to the running of the boilers or the main propelling machinery of the ship; and (ii) whenever regular watch is being kept on the ship, keeps watch in pursuance of a regular watch as- (A) senior engineer in charge of the entire watch; or (B) where the ship is propelled by two or more sets of engines or is a single-screw ship in which three or more engineers are on watch in pursuance of a regular watch at the same time-second in seniority in the watch.

(2) Each full-rate period of sea service and any other period of sea service by a candidate shall be expressed in months, as follows: (a) a period, not being or including a calendar month, that is less than thirty days shall be expressed as a fraction of a month, being the fraction obtained by dividing by thirty a number equal to the number of days in the period; (b) a period of thirty days, not being or including a calendar month, shall be expressed as one month; (c) a period that is a calendar month or more shall be expressed as a number of months equal to the number of complete calendar months in the period plus- (i) if the period includes a part of a calendar month, being a part that consists of less than thirty days-a fraction of a month, being the fraction obtained by dividing by thirty a number equal to the number of days in that part of the calendar month; or (ii) if the period includes a part of a calendar month, being a part that consists of thirty days-one month.

Inserted by 1972 No. 155 r. 12 (2A) So much of the sum of the full-rate periods of sea service by a candidate, expressed in months in accordance with the last preceding sub-regulation, being periods of sea service during which the candidate did not keep watch in pursuance of a regular watch or, in the case of a candidate for a first-class certificate, kept watch in pursuance of a regular watch otherwise than in the capacity referred to in clause (A) or clause (B), as the case may be, of sub-paragraph (ii) of paragraph (b) of sub-regulation (1) of this regulation, as exceeds eight months shall be deemed not to be full-rate periods of sea service.

Amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 12 (3) A full-rate period of sea service by a candidate, expressed in months in accordance with sub-regulation (2) of this regulation, shall, unless otherwise provided in this Division, be reckoned as a period of qualifying sea service of a number of months equal to the number of months in that full-rate period of sea service.

(4) A period of sea service (other than a full-rate period of sea service) by a candidate, expressed in months in accordance with sub-regulation (2) of this regulation, shall, unless otherwise provided in this Division, be reckoned as a period of qualifying sea service of a number of months equal to one-half of the number of months in the period of sea service.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 30.
Qualifying sea service-limited coast-trade ship, &c.

30. A period of sea service by a candidate in- (a) a limited coast-trade ship; (b) a ship trading entirely abroad engaged on a voyage the terminal ports of which are less than five hundred miles apart; or (c) a yacht, shall be reckoned as two-thirds of the period of qualifying sea service that it would have been reckoned as but for this regulation.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 31.
Qualifying sea service-river and bay ship, &c.

31. A period of sea service by a candidate in- (a) a river and bay ship; (b) a sea-going ship that is a tug, dredger or fishing vessel; or (c) a pilot vessel, shall be reckoned as one-half of the period of qualifying sea service that it would have been reckoned as but for this regulation.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 32.
Places and times of examinations

PART III-EXAMINATIONS AND EXEMPTIONS

32. (1) For the purposes of section 16 of the Act, the prescribed places for the holding of examinations of candidates for a certificate are the following ports: (a) Sydney; (b) Melbourne; (c) Brisbane; (d) Newcastle; (e) Port Adelaide; (f) Fremantle.

(2) Subject to this regulation, examinations for a certificate shall be held at such times as the Principal Examiner determines.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 33.
Appointment of examiners

33. (1) The Minister may, by instrument in writing, appoint persons to conduct examinations under these Regulations.

(2) Each instrument of appointment shall specify the kinds of examination that the person appointed may conduct.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 33A.
Eligibility for examination

Inserted by 1968 No. 29 r. 1 33A. For the purposes of paragraph (a) of section 17 of the Act, each of the following sub-grades is a prescribed sub-grade: (a) second class engineer of a steamship; (b) second class engineer of a motorship; (c) second class engineer, steamship and motorship.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 34.
Application for examination

34. (1) An application to sit for an examination under these Regulations shall be made in accordance with a form approved by the Minister to an examiner, being an examiner appointed to conduct examinations of the kind that includes that examination.

Amended by 1968 No. 29 r. 2; 1969 No. 92 r. 2; 1972 No. 155 r. 13; 1975 No. 77 r. 5 (2) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, the application shall be accompanied by- (a) documentary evidence of the candidate's nationality; (aa) if the candidate is not a British subject-documentary evidence that he has been continuously resident in Australia since a date at least one year before the date of the examination and that he intends to continue so to reside until at least the date of the examination; (b) the candidate's original certificate of apprenticeship; (c) the candidate's discharges; (d) any notification of examination results issued to the candidate under regulation 47 of these Regulations or under the Navigation (Examination of Engineers) Regulations 1941; (e) any testimonials or other documents that relate to the application; (f) where a candidate for the examination to which the application relates is required by these Regulations to be not less than twenty-one years of age-a certified copy of the birth certificate of the candidate or other documentary evidence of the age of the candidate; and (g) the certificate of proficiency in first aid (if any) last obtained by the candidate.

Added by 1968 No. 29 r. 2 (3) An application to sit for an examination for a certificate of competency of a sub-grade referred to in the last preceding regulation is not required to be accompanied by the documentary evidence referred to in paragraph (aa) of the last preceding sub-regulation.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 35.
Testimonials of sea service

35. (1) Each period of a candidate's sea service shall be covered by a testimonial in accordance with Form 1.

(2) A testimonial shall be signed by- (a) if the service to which the testimonial relates was performed as Chief Engineer of the ship-the Engineer Superintendent, or some other representative of the ship owner; or (b) in any other case-the Chief Engineer of the ship.

(3) A testimonial shall be countersigned by the master of the ship or the Engineer Superintendent or other representative (not being the person who signed the testimonial) of the shipowner.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 36.
Physical defects

36. Where a candidate is somewhat hard of hearing or suffers from any other physical defect that could interfere with the proper performance of his duties as an engineer on regular watch, his testimonials shall state whether the defect did in fact interfere in any way with the proper performance of those duties.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 37.
Declaration covering twelve months preceding application

37. (1) If a candidate has spent the whole or a part of the period of twelve months immediately preceding the making of his application to sit for an examination under these Regulations otherwise than in obtaining the qualifications specified in Division 1 or Division 2, as the case may be, of Part II, he shall forward or lodge with his application a declaration setting out- (a) the address or addresses at which he resided during the whole or that part of that period, as the case may be; (b) the occupation or occupations (if any) followed by him during the whole or that part of that period, as the case may be, the address or addresses at which he followed that occupation or those occupations and the dates on which he commenced and ceased to follow that occupation or those occupations; and (c) the names and addresses of the person (if any) by whom he was employed during the whole or that part of that period, as the case may be.

Amended by 1968 No. 29 r. 3 (2) A person who wilfully makes a false statement in a declaration under this regulation is guilty of an offence punishable upon conviction by a fine not exceeding Two hundred dollars.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 38.
Fees

38. (1) The fees for examinations for certificates shall be such fees as are fixed by the Minister.

(2) The fee for an examination shall be paid before the candidate sits for the examination.

(3) Where a person who makes application to sit for an examination is found on investigation to be ineligible to sit, any fee paid by him under this regulation shall be refunded to him.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 39.
Prescribed examination for candidates for second class certificates who do
not
already hold certificates

Sub-reg. (1) amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 6 39. (1) For the purposes of section 18 of the Act, the prescribed examination for candidates (not being candidates who already hold a certificate) for a second class certificate consists of two Parts, as follows: Part A (a) a paper in Applied Mechanics; (b) a paper in Heat and Heat Engines; (c) a paper in Mathematics; (d) a paper in Drawing; Part B (e) a paper in Electrotechnology; (f) a paper in Naval Architecture; (g) a paper in Engineering Knowledge (All Candidates); (h) in the case of a candidate other than a candidate for a certificate of competency as second class engineer of a motorship-a paper in Engineering Knowledge (Steam); (i) in the case of a candidate other than a candidate for a certificate of competency as second class engineer of a steamship-a paper in Engineering Knowledge (Motor); (j) an oral examination.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 6 (2) Each paper, other than the paper in Drawing, referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation shall be a three-hour paper.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 6 (3) The paper in Drawing referred to in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation shall be a six-hour paper.

(4) The papers in Engineering Knowledge may require that answers to questions in the paper be illustrated by means of freehand sketches.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 6 (5) The syllabus for the examination referred to in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation is the syllabus set out in Schedule 2.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 40.
Method of taking examination referred to in regulation 39

40. (1) In this regulation- "Part A" means Part A of the examination specified in sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation; "Part B" means Part B of the examination specified in sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation.

(2) Subject to this regulation, a candidate is required to take the whole, or such part as he is not exempted from, of Part A at the one time.

(3) A candidate who- (a) takes the whole of Part A at the one time; and (b) passes in two or three subjects only, is not required to take those subjects again and may apply to take the remaining subject or subjects at any examination held not less than one month after the examination at which he failed.

(4) A candidate who- (a) takes the whole of Part A at the one time; and (b) passes in one subject only, is not entitled to be credited with a pass in that subject but may apply to take the whole of Part A again at any examination held not less than one month after the examination at which he failed.

Amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 14 (5) Subject to this regulation, a candidate is required to take the whole, or such part as he is not exempted from, of Part B at the one time.

(6) A candidate who has not passed the whole, or such part as he is not exempted from, of Part A is not entitled to take Part B unless he takes at the same time the whole, or such part as he is not exempted from and has not passed, of Part A.

(7) A candidate- (a) who- (i) takes Part B at the same time as he takes the whole or a part of Part A; and (ii) fails to pass in all the subjects of Part A that he took; or (b) who, when taking Part B, fails to pass in- (i) Electrotechnology or Naval Architecture; and (ii) one of the examinations, either written or oral, in Engineering Knowledge, is not entitled to be credited with a pass in Part B or in any subject in Part B but may, subject to the last preceding sub-regulation, apply to take the whole of Part B again at any examination held not less than one month after the examination at which he failed.

(8) A candidate who, when taking Part B, passes in all the examinations, both written and oral, in Engineering Knowledge that he is required, by virtue of sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation, to take but fails to pass in Electrotechnology or Naval Architecture is entitled, subject to the last preceding sub-regulation, to be credited with a pass in each of the examinations in Engineering Knowledge and, if so credited, may apply to take both Electrotechnology and Naval Architecture again at any examination held not less than one month after the examination at which he failed.

(9) A candidate who, when taking Part B, passes in both Electrotechnology and Naval Architecture but fails to pass in one of the examinations, either written or oral, in Engineering Knowledge is entitled, subject to sub-regulation (7) of this regulation, to be credited with a pass in both Electrotechnology and Naval Architecture and, if so credited, may apply to take again, at any examination held not less than one month after the examination at which he failed, all the examinations, both written and oral, in Engineering Knowledge that he is required, by virtue of sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation, to take.

Added by 1972 No. 155 r. 14; amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 7 (10) Notwithstanding sub-regulation (5) of this regulation- (a) a candidate may at the one time take the examinations in both Electrotechnology and Naval Architecture or, if he has been granted an exemption under sub-regulation 48 (3) from one of those subjects, the examination in the other of those subjects without at the same time taking the examinations in Engineering Knowledge that he is required, by virtue of sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation, to take, and, if he passes in Electrotechnology, Naval Architecture or both of those subjects, he is entitled to be credited with a pass in that subject or with passes in both of those subjects, as the case may be; and (b) subject to regulation 7 of these Regulations, a candidate who is so credited with a pass in Electrotechnology or Naval Architecture or with passes in both of those subjects may apply to take, at any examination held not less than 1 month after the examination at which he passed that subject or those subjects, all the examinations, both written and oral, in Engineering Knowledge that he is required, by virtue of sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation, to take.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 41.
Prescribed examination for candidates for second class certificates who
already
hold certificates

41. (1) For the purposes of section 18 of the Act, the prescribed examination for candidates for a second class certificate who already hold a certificate consists of- (a) one paper in- (i) where the candidate holds a certificate relating to motorships-Engineering Knowledge (Steam); or (ii) where the candidate holds a certificate relating to steamships-Engineering Knowledge (Motor); and (b) an oral examination in Engineering Knowledge.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 8 (2) The paper referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation- (a) shall be a three-hour paper; and (b) may require that answers to questions on the paper be illustrated by means of freehand sketches.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 8 (3) The syllabus for the examination referred to in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation is the relevant part of the syllabus set out in Schedule 2.

(4) A candidate is required to take the whole of the examination referred to in this regulation at the one time.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 42.
Prescribed examination for candidates for first class certificates who do not
already hold first class certificates

Sub-reg. (1) amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 9 42. (1) For the purposes of section 18 of the Act, the prescribed examination for candidates (not being candidates who already hold a first class certificate) for a first class certificate consists of two Parts, as follows: Part A (a) a paper in Applied Mechanics; (b) a paper in Heat and Heat Engines; Part B (c) a paper in Electrotechnology; (d) a paper in Naval Architecture; (e) a paper in Engineering Knowledge (All Candidates); (f) in the case of a candidate other than a candidate for a certificate of competency as first class engineer of a motorship-a paper in Engineering Knowledge (Steam); (g) in the case of a candidate other than a candidate for a certificate of competency as first class engineer of a steamship-a paper in Engineering Knowledge (Motor); (h) an oral examination.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 9 (2) Each paper referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation shall be a three-hour paper.

(3) The papers in Engineering Knowledge may require that questions on the paper be illustrated by means of freehand sketches.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 9 (4) The syllabus for the examination referred to in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation is the syllabus set out in Schedule 3.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 43.
Method of taking examination referred to in regulation 42

43. (1) In this regulation- "Part A" means Part A of the examination specified in sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation; "Part B" means Part B of the examination specified in sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation.

(2) Subject to this regulation, a candidate is required to take the whole, or such part as he is not exempted from, of Part A at the one time.

(3) A candidate who- (a) takes the whole of Part A at the one time; and (b) passes in one subject only, is not required to take that subject again and may apply to take the remaining subject again at any examination held not less than one month after the examination at which he failed.

Amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 15 (4) Subject to this regulation, a candidate is required to take the whole, or such part as he is not exempted from, of Part B at the one time.

(5) A candidate who has not passed the whole, or such part as he is not exempted from, of Part A is not entitled to take Part B unless he takes at the same time the whole, or such part as he is not exempted from and has not passed, of Part A.

(6) A candidate- (a) who- (i) takes Part B at the same time as he takes the whole or a part of Part A; and (ii) fails to pass in all the subjects of Part A that he took; or (b) who, when taking Part B, fails to pass in- (i) Electrotechnology or Naval Architecture; and (ii) one of the examinations, either written or oral, in Engineering Knowledge, is not entitled to be credited with a pass in Part B or in any subject in Part B but may, subject to the last preceding sub-regulation, apply to take the whole of Part B again at any examination held not less than one month after the examination at which he failed.

(7) A candidate who, when taking Part B, passes in all the examinations, both written and oral, in Engineering Knowledge that he is required, by virtue of sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation, to take but fails to pass in Electrotechnology or Naval Architecture, is entitled, subject to the last preceding sub-regulation, to be credited with a pass in each of the examinations, both written and oral, in Engineering Knowledge and, if so credited, may apply to take both Electrotechnology and Naval Architecture again at any examination held not less than one month after the examination at which he failed.

(8) A candidate who, when taking Part B, passes in both Electrotechnology and Naval Architecture, but fails to pass in one of the examinations, either written or oral, in Engineering Knowledge, is entitled, subject to sub-regulation (6) of this regulation, to be credited with a pass in both Electrotechnology and Naval Architecture and, if so credited, may apply to take again, at any examination held not less than one month after the examination at which he failed, all examinations, both written and oral, in Engineering Knowledge that he is required, by virtue of sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation, to take.

Added by 1972 No. 155 r. 15; amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 10 (9) Notwithstanding sub-regulation (4) of this regulation- (a) a candidate may at the one time take the examinations in both Electrotechnology and Naval Architecture or, if he has been granted an exemption under sub-regulation 48 (3) from one of those subjects, the examination in the other of those subjects without at the same time taking the examinations in Engineering Knowledge that he is required, by virtue of sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation, to take, and, if he passes in Electrotechnology, Naval Architecture or both of those subjects, he is entitled to be credited with a pass in that subject or with passes in both of those subjects, as the case may be; and (b) subject to regulation 21 of these Regulations, a candidate who is so credited with a pass in Electrotechnology or Naval Architecture or with passes in both of those subjects may apply to take, at any examination held not less than 1 month after the examination at which he passed that subject or those subjects, all the examinations, both written and oral, in Engineering Knowledge that he is required, by virtue of sub-regulation (1) of the last preceding regulation, to take.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 44.
Prescribed examination for candidates for certificates of competency as first
class engineer, steamship and motorship who already hold first class
certificates

44. (1) For the purposes of section 18 of the Act, the prescribed examination for candidates for a certificate of competency as first class engineer, steamship and motorship who already hold a first class certificate consists of- (a) one paper in- (i) where the candidate holds a certificate of competency as first class engineer of a motorship-Engineering Knowledge (Steam); or (ii) where the candidate holds a certificate of competency as first class engineer of a steamship-Engineering Knowledge (Motor); and (b) an oral examination in Engineering Knowledge.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 11 (2) The paper referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation- (a) shall be a three-hour paper; and (b) may require that answers to questions on the paper be illustrated by means of freehand sketches.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 11 (3) The syllabus for the examination referred to in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation is the relevant part of the syllabus set out in Schedule 3.

(4) A candidate is required to take the whole of the examination referred to in this regulation at the one time.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 45.
Prescribed examination for candidates for extra first class certificates

45. (1) For the purposes of section 18 of the Act, the prescribed examination for candidates for an extra first class certificate consists of two Parts, as follows: Part A (a) a paper in Theory of Machines (Mechanics of Fluids); (b) a paper in Strength and Properties of Materials; (c) a paper in Applied Thermodynamics; (d) a paper in Marine Heat Engines; Part B (e) an essay, on a subject chosen by the candidate, being one of two subjects set for the purpose; (f) a paper in Electrotechnology; (g) a paper in Naval Architecture; (h) a paper in Machine Design (Drawing); and (i) a paper in Engineering Knowledge.

(2) Each paper (other than the paper in Machine Design (Drawing)) and the essay referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation shall be a three-hour paper or essay, as the case may be.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 12 (3) The paper in Machine Design (Drawing) shall be a six-hour paper.

(4) The paper in Engineering Knowledge may require that answers to questions on the paper be illustrated by means of freehand sketches.

Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 12 (5) The syllabus for the examination referred to in sub-regulation (1) of this regulation is the syllabus set out in Schedule 4.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 46.
Method of taking examination for extra first class certificate

46. (1) In this regulation- "Part A" means Part A of the examination referred to in the last preceding regulation; "Part B" means Part B of the examination referred to in the last preceding regulation.

(2) A candidate is required to take the whole of Part A at the one time and the whole of Part B at the one time.

(3) A candidate is not entitled to take Part B unless- (a) he has passed in Part A; or (b) he takes Part A at the same time as he takes Part B.

(4) A candidate referred to in paragraph (b) of the last preceding sub-regulation who fails in Part A but passes in Part B is entitled to be credited with a pass in Part B and may apply to take Part A again at any subsequent examination.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 47.
Notification of examination results

47. (1) Where a candidate who has sat for his first examination, or the first part of his examination, for a certificate is not entitled, under section 18 of the Act, to have the certificate delivered to him, the examiner shall issue to him a notification of the results of his examination, after confirmation by the Principal Examiner, in accordance with Form 2 or, in the case of a candidate for an extra first class certificate, in accordance with such form as the Minister approves.

(2) The results of each examination for which a candidate has sat shall, after confirmation by the Principal Examiner, be entered in the form issued under the last preceding sub-regulation by the examiner and the form shall then be returned to the candidate for retention by him.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 48.
Exemptions

48. (1) Where a candidate for the examination referred to in regulation 39 of these Regulations has attended a course of instruction approved by the Principal Examiner covering not less than three of the four subjects in Part A of that examination and has passed the appropriate examination in all the subjects of the course at the termination of the course, the Principal Examiner may grant the candidate exemption from those subjects in Part A that are covered by the course.

(2) Where a person who has been granted exemption from the subject of Applied Mechanics or the subject of Heat and Heat Engines or both of those subjects under the last preceding sub-regulation becomes a candidate for the examination referred to in regulation 42 of these Regulations, the Principal Examiner may grant the candidate exemption from the subject of that name or the subjects of those names, as the case may be, in that examination.

Amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 16; 1975 No. 77 r. 13 (3) The Principal Examiner may grant a candidate for the examination referred to in regulation 39 or 42 of these Regulations exemption from any of the subjects in Part A, or from Electrotechnology, Naval Architecture or both of those subjects in Part B, of that examination if the Principal Examiner is satisfied that, because of the special qualifications of the candidate, the taking of the examination in that subject or those subjects by the candidate is unnecessary.

Amended by 1968 No. 29 r. 4 (4) A candidate for an examination under these Regulations who has passed in a subject of the examination for a certificate of competency as extra first class engineer, first class engineer or second class engineer conducted by the government of the United Kingdom, or by the government of a country recognized under a law in force in the United Kingdom (being a certificate of competency that corresponds to a certificate under these Regulations) is exempted from the subject of the examination under these Regulations that corresponds, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, to that first-mentioned subject.

Sub-reg. (5) omitted by 1968 No. 29 r. 5 * * * * * * * *

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 49.
Exemption-transitional provision

49. A candidate for an examination referred to in this Part who was, immediately before the commencement of these Regulations, entitled, under the Navigation (Examination of Engineers) Regulation 1941, to be credited with a pass in a subject in an examination under those Regulations, is exempt from the subject in that first-mentioned examination that corresponds, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, to that first-mentioned subject.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 50.
Penalties for failure

50. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Part- (a) a candidate who, within any period of three months, fails three times in Part A, or three times in Part B, of an examination referred to in this Part is not entitled to sit for re-examination for such period, not exceeding six months, as the Principal Examiner fixes in his case; (b) a candidate- (i) who fails in any examination, whether written or oral, in Engineering Knowledge in an examination referred to in this Part; and (ii) whose answers to questions in that examination show, in the opinion of the examiner, that he lacks knowledge of subjects that form a vital part of a marine engineer's daily work, is not entitled to sit for re-examination for such period, not exceeding six months, as the Principal Examiner fixes in his case; and (c) a candidate- (i) who fails in an examination; and (ii) whose answers to questions in that examination show, in the opinion of the examiner, that he lacks knowledge of fundamental principles or are, in the opinion of the examiner, generally defective, is not entitled to sit for re-examination for such period, not exceeding three months, as the Principal Examiner fixes in his case.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 51.
Conduct in examination room

51. A candidate who conducts himself, in the opinion of the examiner, in an improper manner in the examination room may be removed from the room at any time whether or not he has completed the examination.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 51A.
Certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman

Inserted by 1969 No. 92 r. 3 51A. (1) A person who is a candidate for an examination for a second class certificate or a first class certificate and does not already hold a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman may, with the approval of an examiner appointed under the Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations, present himself at an examination for a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman held under those Regulations. (2) If the person passes the examination, a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman in accordance with Form 2 in the Twelfth Schedule to the Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations shall be issued to him.

(3) If the Minister is satisfied that a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman issued to a person under the last preceding sub-regulation has been lost or destroyed he may issue to that person a certified copy of the certificate.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 52.
Sub-grades of certificates of competency

PART IV-CERTIFICATES

52. (1) For the purpose of sub-section (1) of section 15 of the Act, each grade of certificate of competency specified in column 1 of the table in this regulation is divided into the sub-grades specified in column 2 of that table opposite to that grade. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Column 1 Column 2 Grade Sub-Grade ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- First class engineer . . . . . . . . First class engineer of a steamship First class engineer of a motorship First class engineer, steamship and motorship Second class engineer . . . . . . . Second class engineer of a steamship Second class engineer of a motorship Second class engineer, steamship and motorship ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- (2) The holder of a certificate of competency of the grade of extra first class engineer shall be deemed to be the holder of a certificate of competency of any of the sub-grades specified in column 2 of the table in the last preceding sub-regulation.

(3) The holder of a certificate of competency of a sub-grade specified in column 1 of the table in this sub-regulation shall be deemed to be the holder of a certificate of competency of the sub-grade, or of any of the sub-grades, specified in column 2 of that table opposite to that first-mentioned sub-grade. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Column 1 Column 2 Sub-grade of certificate held Sub-grade of certificate deemed to be held ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- First class engineer of a steamship Second class engineer of a steamship First class engineer of a motorship Second class engineer of a motorship First class engineer, steamship and motorship . . . . . . . . . . . . . First class engineer of a steamship First class engineer of a motorship Second class engineer, steamship and motorship Second class engineer of a steamship Second class engineer of a motorship Second class engineer, steamship and motorship Second class engineer of a steamship Second class engineer of a motorship ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 53.
Form of certificates of competency

53. For the purposes of section 18 of the Act, a certificate of competency shall be in accordance with Form 3.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 54.
Prescribed qualifications for the holder of a first or second class
certificate

Repealed by 1965 No. 109 r. 2; inserted by 1969 No. 92 r. 4 54. For the purposes of sub-section (1) of section 18 of the Act, the prescribed qualifications for the holder of a second class certificate or a first class certificate include the holding of- (a) a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman; and (b) a certificate of proficiency in first aid, being a certificate the examination for which was passed by the applicant not earlier than three years before the date on which he passed the examination under these Regulations for the certificate of competency.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 55.
Fee for duplicate certificate or permit

Amended by 1969 No. 92 r. 5 55. A person shall not be issued with a certified copy of a certificate of competency or permit to serve under section 21 of the Act, or with a certified copy of a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman under sub-regulation (3) of regulation 51A of these Regulations, unless he pays the fee fixed by the Minister in respect of the matter for the purposes of this regulation or the Minister determines that that fee is not payable by that person.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SECT. 56.
Minister may issue permits

PART V-PERMITS

Part V inserted by 1965 No. 109 r. 3 Inserted by 1965 No. 109 r. 3 56. The Minister may, on application by a person who is the holder of a certificate as an engineer of any grade or sub-grade, issue to him a permit in writing that permits him to serve in such ships, for such voyages and in such capacities as will enable him to qualify for a certificate of another sub-grade of the grade of certificate that he holds or for a certificate of the grade next higher to the grade of certificate that he holds, and, while so serving, he shall be deemed to be the holder of a certificate of competency of the sub-grade or grade appropriate to that capacity. -----------

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SCHEDULE 1

Heading ''The Schedules'' omitted by 1975 No. 77 r. 14; heading to Schedule 1 (formerly First Schedule) substituted by 1975 No. 77 r. 15 Form 1 amended by 1972 No. 155 r. 17; 1975 No. 77 r. 15

SCH

SCHEDULE 1

FORM 1 Regulation 35 AUSTRALIA Navigation (Examination of Engineers) Regulations 1964 TESTIMONIAL OF SEA SERVICE (Here insert the name and address of the shipowner.) I certify that the following is a full and true statement of the sea service performed by (here insert name of the person being reported upon) (a) as Chief Engineer (a) under the supervision of (here insert the name of the Chief Engineer) (a) steamship on board the (a) motorship (here insert the name and number of the ship) (a) strike out whichever is inapplicable. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Period of Classification of duties Service in accordance with the ------------ Rank of officer and Types of main table on the back of this From To seniority on watch engines and boilers form ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Report as to ability Report as to conduct Report as to sobriety Remarks (if any) (Signature of person giving the testimonial.) (Countersignature.) / /19 .

(Back of Form 1.) CLASSIFICATION OF DUTIES I. On fitters' work, whether or not on regular watch- II. (a) within main engine and boiler spaces; or (b) outside main engine and boiler spaces.

II. (a) On refrigerating or other machinery not essential to the propulsion of the vessel. (b) On auxiliary engines separated from main propelling units but worked in conjunction therewith.

III. On regular watch on main engines as- II. (a) senior in full charge of the entire watch; (b) first engine room assistant under the senior in full charge; (c) second engine room assistant; or (d) junior engine room assistant.

IV. On regular watch on main boilers- II. (a) in charge of all stokeholds; (b) in charge of a section or one stokehold only; or (c) as boiler room assistant.

V. On regular watch on main engines and boilers simultaneously as- II. (a) senior in full charge of the entire watch; (b) first assistant to the senior in full charge; or (c) junior assistant.

NOTE: Where the person being reported on performed duty on regular watch under a system that did not require persons keeping the watch to keep watch for eight hours in each twenty-four hours, the particulars of the classification of duties shown on the front of this form in relation to that person shall include a brief description of the duration and frequency of, and of the work performed on, the watches kept by that person under that system.

-------- Amended by 1975 No. 77 r. 15

SCH

FORM 2 Regulation 47 AUSTRALIA Navigation (Examination of Engineers) Regulations 1964 NOTIFICATION OF EXAMINATION RESULTS Name of Candidate................... Address......................

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Part B Qualifying Part A ----------- Interval Sea sea service Examination, --------------------- to elapse service at time of or part of Heat Electrotechnology Engineering before Examiner's remission examination examination, Applied and Heat Mathematics* and Naval Knowledge - Date Port Class granted in months sat for Mechanics* Engines* Drawing* Architecture* and Orals* re-examination Initials ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- *Insert "Exempt ", "Passed ", "Failed ", or "Not Assessed ". (Signature of Examiner.) ----- Amended by 1969 No. 92 r. 6; 1975 No. 77 r. 15

SCH

FORM 3 Regulation 53 AUSTRALIA Navigation (Examination of Engineers) Regulations 1964 (a) Insert grade or sub-grade of certificate. CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY AS(a) (b) Insert name of person to whom certificate is to be granted. To:(b) Whereas you have been found duly qualified to fulfil the duties of(a) in the Merchant Navy, the Minister of State for Transport, in exercise of his powers under the Navigation Act and of all other powers enabling him in that behalf, hereby grants you this Certificate of Competency.

Dated this day of , 19 .

Minister of State for Transport.

-------- Form 4 omitted by 1965 No. 109 r. 5 * * * * * * * *

SCH

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NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SCHEDULE 2

Schedule 2 (formerly Second Schedule) substituted by 1975 No. 77 r. 16

SCH

SCHEDULE 2 Regulations 39 and 41 SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION FOR A SECOND CLASS CERTIFICATE PART A Mathematics Arithmetic. Ratio and proportion. Percentages.

Algebra. Indices, including fractional and negative types. Use of common logarithms for multiplication, division, powers and roots. Use of Napierian logarithms. Simplification of algebraic expressions. Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of algebraic functions. Rearrangement of formulae. Factorization. Algebraic fractions. Squares and cubes of polynomials such as (a'b)*2* and (a'b)*3*. Simple equations. Quadratic equations and solutions by factorization or by completing the square, proof of general formula for solution. Simultaneous equations. Variation, direct and inverse.

Graphical work. Simple graphs of statistics. The graph y = ax + b either from calculated values or from experimental results. Calculation of constants from graphs. Graphical solution of simple simultaneous equations involving 2 unknowns. Graph of y = ax*2* + bx + c and graphical solution of equation ax*2* + bx + c = 0.

Trigonometry. Measurement of angles in degrees and radians. Complementary and supplementary angles. Sine, cosine and tangent of angles up to 360 degrees. Solution of right-angled triangles. Proof of sine and cosine rules. Solution of triangles by these rules. Solution of simple trigonometric equations. Expansion of sin (A ' B) and cos (A ' B).

Geometry. Properties of triangles. Sum of the angles. Relation between exterior and interior angles. Isosceles and equilateral triangles. Similar and congruent triangles. The circle. Properties of chords and tangents. Angles in the same segment. Angles at centre and circumference.

Mensuration. Areas of triangle, polygon, parallelogram, trapezium, circle, sector and segment of a circle and ellipse. Areas of oblique sections of regular solids of uniform cross-section. Area and mean height by mid-ordinate rule and by Simpson's rules. Ratio of areas of similar figures. Volumes and surface areas of prisms, pyramids, frustums, spheres, cylinders and cones. Ratio of masses, weights and volumes of similar solids. Solids of revolution.

Applied Mechanics Statics. Force as a vector. Triangle and polygon of forces. Resultant and equilibrant of a system of concurrent coplanar forces. Equilibrium of 3 coplanar forces. Moment of a force. Couples. Moments of areas and volumes. Centroids and centres of gravity (limited to geometrical shapes). Conditions of equilibrium of solids. Necessary force applied parallel to an inclined plane to pull body up or down the plane or to hold it stationary (including effect of friction). Work done at uniform speed up the plane.

Friction. Laws of friction for dry surfaces. Coefficient of friction. Friction angle. Energy and power lost due to friction in simple bearings.

Kinematics. Linear motion. Graphs and equations for displacement, speed, velocity and uniform acceleration. Simple cases of vector change of velocity and the acceleration produced. Relative velocities in 1 plane only. Angular motion. Equations for displacement, velocity and uniform acceleration.

Dynamics. Work and power. Problems with constant force or force with linear variation. Energy. Conservation of energy. Potential energy. Kinetic energy of translation. Newton's laws of motion. Momentum and rate of change of momentum. Centrifugal force and its application to conical pendulum, unloaded governor, curved tracks and machine parts. Stress in thin rim due to centrifugal action.

Machines. Simple lifting machine. Graphs of load-effort and load-efficiency. Linear law. Velocity ratio, mechanical advantage and efficiency of the following machines:-wheel and axle, differential wheel and axle, rope pulley blocks, differential pulley blocks, screw jack, Warwick screw, hydraulic jack, worm-driven chain blocks and single and double purchase crab winches. Reduction gearing.

Stress and strain. Direct stress and strain. Shear stress. Hooke's law. Modulus of elasticity. Ultimate tensile stress. Yield stress. Limit of proportionality. Percentage elongation and reduction of area. Working stress. Factor of safety. Stress due to restricted expansion or contraction of single members.

Beams. Cantilevers and simply supported beams with concentrated or uniformly distributed loads. Shearing force and bending moment diagrams. Stress due to bending.

Torsion. Twisting moment due to engine crank mechanism. Strength and stiffness of solid or hollow shafts of circular cross-section. Stress due to torsion. Power transmitted by shafts. Coupling bolts.

Thin shells. Circumferential and longitudinal stress in thin cylindrical and spherical shells subject to internal pressure.

Hydrostatics. Equilibrium of floating bodies. Variation of fluid pressure with depth. Level control. Total force due to liquid pressure on immersed plane surfaces horizontal or vertical. Centre of pressure on a rectangular vertical plane surface or triangular plane surface, both with 1 edge parallel to the surface of the liquid.

Hydraulics. Full bore flow of liquid through pipes under constant head. Flow through orifice. Coefficients of velocity, contraction of area and discharge.

Heat and Heat Engines Basic thermodynamic principles. Properties, energy, the first law of thermodynamics, flow and non-flow processes.

Elements. Temperature and its measurement. Linear, superficial and volumetric expansion due to temperature changes. Coefficients and the relationship between them. Specific heat.

Heat transfer. Qualitative treatment of heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation. Laws of conduction and thermal conductance and applications to problems.

Mixtures. Heat and temperature problems involving change of phase and not more than 3 substances.

Gases. Boyle's and Charles' laws for perfect gases. Absolute temperature. Characteristic equation. Constant R and its use in simple problems. Isothermal and adiabatic expansion and compression. Relation between p, V and T when pV*n* = constant. Specific heats c*p* and c*v* and the relationship between them.

Air compressors. Elementary principles and cycles of operation. Calculation of work done. Indicator diagrams.

I.C. engines. Elementary principles and cycles of operation. Actual indicator diagrams. Work done and power developed. Fuel consumption.

Properties of steam. Change of enthalpy with and without change of phase. Specific volume of steam under various conditions. Throttling. Separating and throttling calorimeters. Boiler efficiency. Use of steam tables in problems referring to steam plant. Effect of air leakage into condensers.

Reciprocating steam auxiliary machinery. Mean effective pressure and work done. Advantages of using steam expansively. Steam consumption per hour and per power-hour. Thermal, mechanical and overall efficiencies of engines.

Boilers and engines. Boiler efficiency. Heat balance for engine and boiler trials.

Steam turbine. Elementary principles. Simple velocity diagrams. Thermal mechanical and overall efficiency. Steam consumption per hour and output.

Combustion. Solid and liquid fuels. Higher calorific value. Chemical equations for complete combustion. Theoretical minimum air required. Excess air.

Refrigeration. Vapour-compression cycle. Refrigerating effect. Cooling load. Use of tables of properties of refrigerants.

Boilers and evaporators. Change in dissolved solids due to contaminated feed. Blowing down.

Drawing The Drawing paper will consist of a test of the candidate's ability to apply the principles of projection and candidates will be asked to draw a plan, elevation or section, or a combination of these views, of a piece of marine machinery from information supplied. All the required information for the completion of the drawing will be given in the question paper.

PART B Electrotechnology General. Effects of electric current-chemical, magnetic, thermal. Production of light. Electric shock. Production of e.m.f. by chemical, magnetic, thermal and light means. Electrical safety.

The electric circuit. Units-ampere, ohm and volt. Ohm's law. Series and parallel circuits of sources of e.m.f. and of resistances. Current distribution in simple circuits. Non-linear resistors in parallel with constant value resistors. Difference between e.m.f. and p.d. Power and energy. Conductor resistance, effect of length, area, material and temperature. Specific resistance. Temperature coefficient of resistance. Types of insulation. Wheatstone network bridge, slide wire bridge. Applications to steering gears, resistance pyrometers, strain gauges, etc.

Electrolytic action. Theory of electrolytic dissociation applied to common solutions, etc., acidulated water, copper sulphate and salt water. Uses of electrolysis. Faraday's laws. Electro-chemical equivalent.

Cells. Primary (wet or dry Leclanche ' ) and secondary (acid or alkaline) types. Construction and principles. Maintenance, charging. Watt-hour and ampere-hour efficiencies.

Magnetism and electromagnetism. Simple magnetic theory. Magnetic field. Lines of force. Field strength. Field intensity. Magnetic fields due to current in straight conductors, loops, coils and solenoids. Relative directions of current and field. Effect of iron. Flux density. Total flux. Reluctance. Permeability. Typical B/H and l/B curves.

Electro-magnetic induction. Faraday's and Lenz's laws. Magnitude and direction of induced e.m.f. Force produced on a current carrying conductor.

Electronics. Knowledge of terms used in electronic circuits. Thermionic emission. Conduction in vacuum, gases, insulators, semi-conductors and conductors. Rectification.

Alternating current theory. The sinusoidal wave, frequency, maximum, r.m.s. and average values. Phasor representation of a.c. quantities. Phase difference. The a.c. circuit. The inductor. Inductance and its effect on the circuit. The capacitor. Capacitance and its effect on the circuit. The general series circuit. Relationship between resistance, reactance and impedance. Simple treatment of power factor.

Instruments. Principles and function of a.c. and d.c. switchboard indicating instruments. Moving-coil, moving-iron and dynamometer types. Uses of shunts and series resistances to increase the range. The current transformer and potential transformer for instrument work (description and simple explanation). Rectifiers and transducers.

Testing methods and measurements. Resistance measured by ammeter-voltmeter, by bridge and by instrument. Simple ohmmeter and insulation testing. General insulation, continuity and millivolt-drop testing. Fault tracing. Temperature measurement by resistance and thermo-electric effects.

Circuits. Distribution system for a.c. and d.c. installations. Use of fuses and circuit-breakers. Use of earth lamps.

Electrical machines. Construction, general and details. Maintenance and protection. D.c. machines-field circuits (separate, shunt, series and compound). Commutating poles. Commutation. Simple approach to lap and wave windings.

A.C. generators. Protection. Simple explanation of the alternator as a generating unit. Parallel running and synchronizing procedure.

D.C. generators. Protection. E.m.f. and load voltage equation. Brief treatment of theory of self-excitation. Load characteristics. Methods of voltage control. Parallel operation procedure.

D.C. motors. Need for starters. Types of starters. Speed and torque equations. Load characteristics. Speed control.

Naval Architecture General. Displacement. Wetted surface. Block, mid-section, prismatic and waterplane area coefficients. Tonne per centimetre immersion. Application of Simpson's first rule to areas and volume.

Draught and buoyancy. Alteration of mean draught due to change in density of water. Buoyancy and reserve buoyancy. Effect of bilging amidship compartments.

Transverse stability. Shift of centre of gravity due to addition or removal of ballast, fuel or cargo. Stability at small angles of heel (given the second moment of area of the waterplane or formulae). The inclining experiment.

Resistance and propulsion. Comparison of skin frictional resistance of hull with model at different speeds. R*f* = f.S.V.*n* and residual resistance. Admiralty and fuel coefficients. Relation between speed of vessel and fuel consumption with constant displacement and assuming that resistance varies as (speed)*n*. Elementary treatment of propeller. Pitch, apparent slip, real slip, wake, thrust and power.

Structural strength. Simple problems on strength of structural members to resist liquid pressure. Loading due to head of liquid.

Ship construction. Common terms used in the measurement of steel ships, e.g. length between perpendiculars, breadth overall, moulded depth, draught and freeboard. Definitions of shipbuilding terms in general use. Descriptions and sketches of structural members in ordinary types of steel ships. Machinery seating arrangements. Watertight doors. Hatches. Rudders. Bow thrusters. Propellers. Stern tubes. Watertight bulkheads. Double bottoms. Anchors and cables. Precautions necessary before entering empty oil fuel or ballast tanks. Descriptive treatment of the effect of free surface of liquids on stability.

The preservation in good condition of the ship's structure, in particular the bilges, bunkers, tanks under boilers and watertight doors.

Ventilation arrangements (natural and mechanical) for pump rooms in tankers and for holds and oil fuel tanks.

Arrangements for the carriage of dangerous goods in bulk.

Fire detection and extinction arrangements for passenger and cargo spaces. Fire precautions in port and dry dock.

Fore and aft peak tanks, double bottom and deep tank filling and pumping arrangements. Compartmental drainage. Levelling arrangements for damaged side compartments.

Dry docking and maintenance of underwater fittings.

Engineering Knowledge (All Candidates) (a) A knowledge of the methods of manufacture of the various components, the general effects of various treatments on the physical properties of materials commonly used in the construction of marine engines and boilers and the mechanical tests to which these materials are normally subjected.

(b) The natural and desirable properties of steam, fuel, lubricants and other liquids, gases and vapours used in machinery on board ship.

(c) The use, constructional details and principles involved in the action of the pressure gauge, thermometer, pyrometer, barometer, salinometer, hydrometer and other meters commonly used by engineers on board ship.

(d) Dissolved solids, scale formation and feedwater treatment. Corrosion inhibition.

(e) The methods of dealing with wear and tear of machinery and boilers. The alignment of machinery parts. The correction of defects due to flaws in material or accident. Temporary or permanent repairs in the event of derangement or total breakdown.

(f) Constructional details and principles of action of pumps and oily water separators fitted in ships. The general requirements concerning feed, fuel, bilge, ballast and fire pumping systems.

(g) The constructional arrangement, details and working of steering machinery, refrigerating machinery, hydraulic and other auxiliary machinery and such steam and internal combustion engines as are used for emergency and auxiliary machinery on board ship.

(h) (1) Application of the indicator. Fluctuation of pressure in the cylinder as shown by indicator diagrams. Interpretation of normal conditions.

(2) Methods of determining engine shaft power. The principles of working and methods of calibration of dynamometers and torsion meters.

(i) Safe working practices, overhauling machinery, mechanical safety in workshops, protective equipment, lifting tackle.

(j) Knowledge of the appropriate statutes that concern marine engineers (e.g. those dealing with oil pollution and clean air) is required.

(k) (1) Precautions against fire or explosion. Flash point. Explosive mixtures of air and gas or vapour given off by fuel or lubricating oils. The danger of leakage from oil tanks, pipes, gas producers and vaporizers, particularly in bilges and other unventilated spaces; sources of ignition. The action of wire gauze diaphragms and the places in which such devices should be fitted.

(2) Toxic and other dangerous properties of substances used in marine practice. Maintenance of plant associated with the carriage of dangerous cargoes.

(3) Fire detection. Methods of dealing with fire. Action and maintenance of mechanical and chemical fire extinguishers and other fire-fighting appliances, respirators and safety lamps.

(l) Control systems, automation and instrumentation. Periodically unmanned machinery spaces. Bridge control arrangements, alarm systems, operational techniques and work practices.

Engineering Knowledge (Steam) (a) The methods of constructing marine steam turbines, gearing and boilers, the processes to which the several parts are submitted, or which are incidental to their manufacture, and the methods employed in fitting the machinery on board ship.

(b) The various types of propelling and auxiliary machinery now in use, the functions of each important part and the attention required by the different parts of the machinery on board ship.

(c) The methods of testing and altering the setting of the steam admission and exhaust valves of auxiliary machinery and the effect produced in the working of the engine by definite alterations in the settings of the valves.

(d) The constructional details and working of evaporators, feed water heaters and feed water filters.

(e) Marine boilers of various modern designs, their construction and manner of attachment to a ship.

(f) The use and management of boiler fittings and mountings, with special reference to water-gauges and safety valves. Precautions necessary when raising steam and operating stop valves with particular reference to the danger arising from water-hammer action.

(g) Constructional details, operation and maintenance of installations generally employed for assisting draught, superheating steam and burning fuel.

Engineering Knowledge (Motor) (a) The principles underlying the working of internal combustion engines. The differences between various types of engines. Constructional details of internal combustion engines, gearing and clutches in general use. The processes to which the several parts are submitted or which are incidental to their manufacture and the methods employed in fitting the machinery on board ship.

(b) The nature and properties of the fuel and lubricating oils generally used in internal combustion engines. The supply of air and fuels to cylinders of engines of different types. The means of cooling the cylinders and pistons. Constructional details and working of air compressors.

(c) Starting and reversing arrangements and the various operations connected therewith.

(d) The attention required for the operation and maintenance of the various parts of machinery. The use and management of valves, pipes, connections and safety devices employed.

(e) Constructional details and management of auxiliary steam boilers, their fittings and mountings, with special reference to water-gauges and safety valves. Constructional details and management of auxiliary machinery. Draught, combustion equipment, oil fuel equipment.

Oral Examination The oral examination will be largely based upon the practical content of the subjects in this Part of the examination and will include questions on the management of engines and boilers, electrical machinery, prevention of fire and methods of fighting fires at sea, the duties of the supervising engineer, the work to be done to engines, boilers and auxiliary machinery in port and the periodical examination of the working parts.

Candidates should also be well acquainted with machinery and boiler casualities which may occur at sea and be able to state how these may be prevented and remedied.

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NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SCHEDULE 3

Schedule 3 (formerly Third Schedule) substituted by 1975 No. 77 r. 16

SCH

SCHEDULE 3 Regulations 42 and 44 SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION FOR A FIRST CLASS CERTIFICATE PART A Applied Mechanics Statics. Laws of equilibrium. Moments and couples. Polygon of forces. Rapson's slide.

Friction. Law of dry friction. Friction angle. Friction clutches. Friction on inclined plane. Friction on threads. Work done against friction.

Kinematics. Linear and angular motion with acceleration. Cams. Velocity-time and acceleration-time graphs.

Relative velocity and acceleration. Relative motion between bodies moving in different planes.

Dynamics. Newton's laws of motion. The force equation. Atwood's machine. Acceleration of connected bodies. Effect of simple air resistance on motion under the effect of gravity. The torque equation. Conservation of momentum. Kinetic energy of translation and of rotation. Flywheels. Potential energy. Conservation of energy. Impulsive forces. Centrifugal force. Governors including sleeve friction. Simple harmonic motion. Simple pendulum. Simple vibrations. Dynamic balancing of masses rotating in 1 plane. Basic dynamics of the engine mechanism. Use of piston velocity and acceleration formulae. Derivation of piston displacement formula.

Stress and strain. Direct stress and strain and modulus of elasticity. Shear stress and strain and modulus of rigidity. Stresses on oblique planes. Strength of simple connections such as cottered or screwed joints. Resilience due to direct stress. Suddenly applied loads.

Compound bars. Effect of direct loading and of temperature changes.

Beams. SF and BM diagrams for cantilevers and simply supported beams. Stresses in beams of simple section. Use of deflection formulae.

Torsion. Torsion equations for solid and hollow round shafts. Torsion of shaft fitted with liner. Power transmitted. Close coiled helical spring.

Struts. Eccentric loading of short columns. Use of strut formulae.

Hydrostatics. Flotation in 2 liquids of different densities. Total force and centre of pressure on immersed surfaces such as tanks and bulkheads.

Hydraulics. Bernoulli's equation and applications. Venturi meter. Flow through orifices under constant head. Force exerted by a jet. Blade angle diagrams for a centrifugal pump.

Control. Simple flow and control problems.

Heat and Heat Engines Elements. First and second laws of thermodynamics and applications. Work done associated with the formula pV*n* = C.

Heat Transfer. Conduction and thermal conductance (excluding log mean temperature difference). Radiation.

Properties of steam. Calculation of change of enthalpy, internal energy and entropy with and without change of phase. Use of steam tables and entropy. Throttling and separating calorimeter.

Mixtures of gases and vapours. Applications of Dalton's law of partial pressure.

Gases. Boyle's law. Charles' law. Characteristic equation. Relations between p, V and T when pV*n* = C. Determination of n from graph connecting p and V. Proof of the formula c*p* - c*v* = R. Calculations for expansions and compressions on air compressors, internal combustion engines, air pumps and air storage.

Gas cycles. Use of entropy charts. Constant volume cycle. Diesel cycle. Dual cycle. Open and closed cycles for gas turbines. Indicated and brake thermal efficiencies. Mechanical efficiency. Overall efficiency.

Expansion of steam. Throttling, expansion, work done and heat transfer.

Steam cycle. Use of entropy charts. Isentropic efficiency. Basic Rankine cycle. Heat drop in turbines. Effect on thermal efficiency of such modifications as superheating, reheating and regenerative feed heating.

Boilers and evaporators. Basic calculations on the effect of condensor leakage and impure feed on the dissolved solids and scale in boilers. Basic calculations on evaporator and boiler performance.

Turbines. Basic cycle and its modifications. Flow through nozzles (excluding proof of critical pressure ratio). Blade diagrams for impulse and reaction turbines. Force on blades. Work done on blades. Use of enthalpy-entropy charts to determine steam condition at various stages.

Combustion. Combustion equations. Calculation of theoretical air required. Determination of calorific value. Avogadro's hypothesis. Basic analysis of exhaust gases. Relation between volumetric and mass analysis of a gas mixture. CO*2* content of exhaust gases.

Refrigeration. Reversed Carnot cycle. Vapour compression cycle. Use of vapour tables. Coefficient of performance.

PART B Electrotechnology The magnetic circuit. B-H and B-At/m curves. Their effect on the design of simple magnetic circuits involving an air gap. Hysteresis.

Electromagnetism and electrostatics. Mutual inductance. Energy stored in an electric field and in a capacitor. Generation of static electricity. Descriptive treatment of voltage and current changes in an electric circuit involving inductance, capacitance and resistance. Time constants.

The electric circuit. Kirchhoff's laws. Network problems. Circuits involving non-linear elements.

A.C. circuit. Phasor representation of alternating quantities. Resistance, inductance and impedance. Current and voltage relationships. Power, apparent power (VA) reactive volt-amp and power factor applied to RLC circuits. The impedance triangle. Reactive and active components of current. Capacitance and the application of capacitors to power factor improvement. The desirability of high power factors.

Distribution problems. Volt-drop. Single and double fed distributors.

Distribution systems. D.c. 2-wire and 3-wire. A.c. single-phase and 3-phase 3-wire and 4-wire.

D.C. machines. Parallel operation of shunt and compound generators. Equalising bar. Load sharing treated quantitatively. Applications of Ward Leonard systems. Steering gear. Suitability of d.c. motors for the various types of work.

Faults and maintenance of machines. Overheating due to mechanical and electrical defects. Sparking at brushes. Loss of residual magnetism, etc. Testing machines-use of the megger.

Motor starters. Automatic types-reference to time and current control. The drum controller for series motors. Calculations on starters.

General A.C. Production of an alternating waveform. Rectification. The sine law. Frequency; amplitude, instantaneous and maximum values. Relation between frequency, number of poles and speed of a machine. R.m.s. average values and form factor.

Phasor representation of an alternating quantity to give instantaneous and r.m.s. values.

Electronics. Characteristics of electronic valves and transistors. Photo-electric effect. Effect of voltage feedback on amplifier gain, imput and output impedances. Equivalent circuits.

3-phase systems. Star and delta (mesh) connections for supplies and loads. Phase and line relationships. Power. 3-phase 4-wire distributor. The production of rotating magnetic fields.

Alternators. Construction of salient pole, cylindrical rotor and brushless machines. E.m.f. equation. Synchronizing and load sharing. Automatic voltage regulators.

Induction motors. Construction. Slip. Reference to rotor e.m.f. and frequency. Typical torque-speed curves. Wound, slip ring and cage types. Description of double wound type. Starting methods.

Synchronous motors. Construction. Starting methods. Reference to use for power factor correction.

Propulsion. Types using d.c. and a.c. machines. Turbo-electric drives; starting methods; speed changing. Advantages and disadvantages of electrical propulsion.

Single-phase motors. Description of general common types. Starting.

Transformers. Elementary principles and general description.

Instruments. Qualitative treatment of e.g. dynamometer, wattmeter, frequency meter, power factor meter, rotary synchroscope, reverse power relay, salinometer, telegraph.

Naval Architecture General. Form coefficients. Wetted surface formulae. Simpson's rules applied to areas, moment of areas, second moments of areas, volumes, moments of volumes, centroids and centres of pressure.

Transverse stability. Centre of gravity. Centre of buoyancy. Metacentre. Moment of statical stability. GZ curves. Cross curves of stability. Hydrostatic curves commonly supplied to ships. Effect of free liquid surface and subdivision of tanks. Dangers due to water accumulation during fire-fighting. Effect of suspended weights. Practical requirements to ensure stability at sea. Management of water and fuel tanks. Filling and emptying tanks at sea.

Longitudinal stability. Longitudinal BM and GM and statical stability. Centre of flotation and its calculation. Moment to change trim.

Draught, trim and heel. Changes due to adding or removing fuel ballast or cargo. Changes due to alteration in density of sea water. Changes due to bilging of compartments, using the lost buoyancy and added mass methods. Forces on rudder and stress in rudder stock. Heel when turning, including effect of centrifugal force and of rudder.

Resistance and propulsion. Derivation of Admiralty and fuel coefficients. The law of corresponding speeds. Froude's law of comparison. Simple problems on the prediction of full scale resistance from model experiments. Simple problems involving the use of ep, dp, and QPC. Simple problems on propellers. Pitch ratio. Wake factor. True slip. Apparent slip. Thrust and power. Cavitation.

Ship construction. Forces on ship under various conditions, including the effect of panting and pounding. Construction of all parts of steel ships. Use of high tensile steel and aluminium. Structural fire protection arrangements. Fire detection and extinction arrangements. Fire precautions in port and in dry dock. Arrangements for the carriage of dangerous goods in bulk. Bilge and ballast arrangements. Levelling arrangements for damaged side compartments. Dry docking. Ventilation of holds and oil fuel tanks. Design features of ships for general and specialized trades.

Ship measurement and classification. Meaning of 'classed' and 'unclassed' ships. Common terms used in measurement of modern steel ships. Common terms used in tonnage measurements, e.g. gross tonnage, nett tonnage, propelling power allowance.

Engineering Knowledge (All Candidates) The matters set out for Engineering Knowledge (All Candidates) in Schedule 2 and, in addition, the following matters: (a) The administrative duties of a Chief Engineer: organization of his staff for emergency duties and the use of safety equipment: organization of repairs and surveys. Reports to owners.

(b) The recognition of irregularity in the performance of machinery. Analysis and interpretation of monitoring equipment and instrument readings to determine machinery condition and future availability. Diagnostic techniques to forestall breakdown.

Engineering Knowledge (Steam) The matters set out for Engineering Knowledge (Steam) in Schedule 2.

Engineering Knowledge (Motor) The matters set out for Engineering Knowledge (Motor) in Schedule 2 and, in addition, the following matter: The illustration by means of sketches of the changes produced in the indicator diagram due to an alteration in the setting or working of the valves or any other factors.

Oral Examination The matters set out for the oral examination in Schedule 2.

NOTE regarding the subjects relating to Engineering Knowledge: Candidates for examination in any of the subjects relating to Engineering Knowledge are expected to show a more extensive knowledge of all the matters in the syllabus for the examination for second class certificates in respect of that subject than is required to be shown by candidates for those certificates.

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NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS) REGULATIONS 1964 - SCHEDULE 4

Schedule 4 (formerly Fourth Schedule) substituted by 1975 No. 77 r. 16

SCH

SCHEDULE 4 Regulation 45 SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION FOR AN EXTRA FIRST CLASS CERTIFICATE Candidates for examination in all subjects are expected to show a more extensive knowledge of all the matters in the syllabuses for the examinations for first class and second class certificates than is required to be shown by candidates for those certificates.

PART A Theory of Machines (Mechanics of Fluids) Plane kinematics of mechanisms. Instantaneous centres of rotation. Relative velocity of machine parts by calculation and graphic methods. Displacement, velocity and acceleration diagrams. Calculation of displacement, velocity and acceleration of slider crank mechanisms. Cams. Theory of shape and action of gear teeth. Helical, bevel, worm, spur gearing and gear trains. Inertia forces on engine mechanisms. Balancing of rotating masses, primary balancing of reciprocating parts, secondary balancing of engines. Turning moment diagrams. Flywheels. Governors. Vibrations of mechanical systems including forced vibration and the effect of viscous damping. Torsional oscillations of shafting. Whirling of shafts.

Gyroscopic theory and action.

Friction and chain drives, clutches.

Lubrication, theory of boundary film lubrication, ball and roller bearings.

Automatic Control. Analysis of control systems with feedback which can be represented by first and second order differential equations. Examples from marine practice of servo-mechanisms and regulators.

Transfer functions. Combination of non-interacting elements; open and closed loop transfer functions.

System response. Transient and steady state response of systems with step and ramp changes of desired value and load, time constant, natural frequencies, damping ratio, logarithmic decrement, steady state deviation. The principle of superposition. Harmonic response, vectorial representation of input and output, amplitude ratio, phase displacement, resonance, performance improvement, feedback and feedforward methods, derivative and integral action, 3-term controllers.

Stability. The characteristic equation, determination of roots.

Hydrostatics. Fundamental properties of fluids. Viscosity, surface tension. Resultant pressure on plane and curved surfaces, centre of pressure. Vertical stability of the atmosphere.

Hydrodynamics. Streamline, laminar and turbulent flow, influence of solid boundaries on fluid motion. Bernoulli's principle, continuity of flow. Distribution of pressure and velocity in free and forced vortices. Resistance of viscous fluid in streamline or turbulent motion. Use of coefficients to correct for resistance and streamline contraction. Measurement of velocity of incompressible flow by Pitot and static pressure tubes, orifices, notches and Venturi meter. Loss of head due to bends, sudden enlargements and contractions-hydraulic gradient. Dynamical similarity. Flow between parallel surfaces and in circular pipes. Critical velocities for flow in pipes. Reynolds' number, Rayleigh's formulae. Water-hammer. Impact and reaction of jets. The theory of centrifugal pumps, reciprocating pumps, accumulators and other hydraulic machines with a marine application.

Strength and Properties of Materials Structure of the atom; electrons, protons, neutrons (simple Bohr atom); electron shells, energy levels, ionization potentials.

Arrangement of atoms in materials; types of atomic bond; crystalline and amorphous materials; nature of metallic, organic (highpolymer) and ceramic materials; crystal structure of metals; setting of resins.

Imperfections in materials and influence on mechanical properties; deformation in single crystals; polycrystalline metals, recrystalisation of deformed metals, basic strengthening mechanisms in metallic materials (strain hardening, solid-solution-hardening and dispersion hardening); deformation of polymers, methods of forming and working.

Mechanical properties of metals, polymers and other engineering materials (i.e. strength, elasticity, hardness, creep, fatigue, resistance to impact, wear, ductile and brittle behaviour including effect of temperture and strain rate). Effects of stress concentrations.

The structure and properties of cast metals and alloys; typical defects in castings-shrinkage and gas unsoundness, residual stresses. Structural and mechanical property changes resulting from cold working, annealing and hot working of metals; comparison of mechanical properties of cast and raw products. The joining of metals; shrinkage, oxidation, residual stresses and cracking associated with welding. The effect of welding on structure and properties of parent metal. Elements of binary phase diagrams applied to the strengthening of metals; the formation of solid solutions and dispersed phases; precipitation-hardening, quench-hardening and tempering. The influence of alloy structure on strength, ductility, fracture and creep characteristics.

Introduction to TTT diagrams for steels, the hardenability of carbon and medium alloy steels, and the influence of hardenability on welding behaviour.

Oxidation and corrosion of metals and alloys; stress-corrosion cracking, corrosion fatigue; protection against corrosion. Destructive and non-destructive testing of materials (strength, ductility, shear, impact, fatigue, hardness, X-ray, gamma ray, ultra sonic). Methods of forming and working metals.

Simple stress and strains; elastic constants. Compound stresses and strains; normal and shear stresses; complementary shear stresses; Poisson's ratio; relation between elastic constants; principal stresses and planes; principal strains; strain energy due to complex stress; theories of elastic failure. Stresses and strains in thin wall and thick wall cylinders under fluid pressure; compound cylinders. Bending moments, slope and deflection in freely supported and built-in beams and cantilevers. Distribution of stress in beams. Leaf and flat spiral springs. Strain energy due to bending. Struts subjected to axial and eccentric loadings; torsion of shafts, transmission of power by shafting. Close coiled and open coiled helical springs. Stress and deflection in frame work treated analytically and graphically.

Applied Thermodynamics Processes, flow and non-flow, application of the thermodynamic laws for perfect and imperfect fluids.

Ideal cycles, steam or gas, mixtures of gases.

Systems, available energy, availability in cylic processes and in non-cyclic closed system processes. Entropy.

Heat transfer involving slender fins (fin efficiency), composite sections, flat and mathematically curved surfaces and with internal heat generation. Derivation and solution of fundamental equations for steady 2-dimensional and unsteady 1-dimensional conduction problems. Transient heat flow.

Mixtures of gases and vapours, hygrometry, use of psychrometric chart. Humidification and dehumidification. Direct contact water and gas cooling. Application to air conditioning and non-marine plant.

Descriptive knowledge of laminar flame propagation, minimum spark ignition energy, quenching distance, spontaneous ignition, flammability limits. Fuels. Combustion efficiency, effect of air/fuel ratio. First law of thermodynamics applied to combustion processes.

Frictionless 1-dimensional flow through ducts of varying cross-sectional area, heat addition and external work, critical pressure ratio. Mach number. Stagnation properties (temperature, pressure) at a point in the fluid stream. Wind tunnel testing.

Adiabatic 1-dimensional flow of imperfect gases in nozzles.

Application of fundamental principles to existing and proposed plant and equipment. Cycle analysis of specified hybrid plant both marine and non-marine.

Marine Heat Engines Gas turbines, effect of intercooling, reheating and heat exchangers. Influence of component efficiencies, losses, pressure ratio and maximum cycle temperature on performance. Calculation of performance of specified plant.

Desirable characteristics of refrigerants. Vapour compression cycles, single and multiple stage expansion and compression. Heat pump applications.

Cycle analysis of steam plant including effects of superheating, reheating, regenerative feed heating with specified arrangement of feed heaters, drain coolers, pumps. Steady flow analysis of single and multiple effect evaporators.

Axial flow steam turbines. Performance, impulse, reaction, blading efficiency, stage and overall isentropic efficiencies, condition curve, reheat factor. Compounding.

Descriptive knowledge of ignition and flame propagation in internal combustion engines; types of combustion chambers and their influence on ignition delay, fuel air mixing, specific fuel consumption. Cetane number as an index of fuel rating. Dissociation.

Practical internal combustion engine cycles. Supercharging.

Operation of compressors, radial flow, axial flow, reciprocating. Blading in rotary machines. Steady flow analysis. Performance characteristics.

Heat transfer in marine plant. Parallel and counterflow heat exchangers involving fluids of constant specific heat. Surface and overall coefficient, use of dimensionless parameters in convection heat transfer.

The testing and performance of marine heat engines.

PART B Essay The purpose of the Essay is to test the candidates' ability to compose and write good grammatical English and to express their opinions, conclusions and suggestions in essays on subjects connected with the engineer in society or on topics of current interest.

Candidates will be given 2 subjects; 1 only is to be attempted.

Machine Design (Drawing) To produce a working drawing of any part of marine machinery, boilers, mechanical equipment or parts of ship structure involving the arrangement of constituent members from given particulars and the design calculations asked for.

Electrotechnology Network theorems and their application to linear passive and active networks. Networks with mutual inductance. 2-port networks. Electrical measurement circuits. Strain gauge circuits. Transients and oscillations in R.L.C. circuits. Switchgear and distribution systems. Short circuit protection.

Composite magnetic circuit calculations, energy stored in a magnetic field, self and mutual inductance, effect of inductance or capacitance on d.c. circuits. General principles of electro-statics. Intensity and strength of electric fields. Theorems of Gauss and Coulomb. Potential and capacitance, potential gradient. Charge and discharge of capacitors including oscillatory charge and discharge.

Generation of sinusoidal c.m.f. waveform, values of current and voltage. A.c. circuits involving resitance, capacitance, inductance and resonance. Phasor representation. Power factor. Single and 3-phase circuits with star and delta connections. Power and energy measurement in 3-phase balanced and unbalanced circuits. Harmonics in single-phase circuits.

Vacuum and gas-filled valves and tubes, semi-conductor diodes, thyristors and transitors. Photo-electric effects and applications. Amplifiers and rectifiers. Feedback effects on amplifiers.

Construction of d.c. machines. Windings including multiple windings. Equalizer rings. Commutation. Armature reaction interpoles. Characteristics of d.c. motors and generators used in marine practice. Motor speed, torque, starting and control. Application of amplidyne and metadyne to control of speed, current and voltage. Operation of d.c. generators in parallel. Testing of d.c. machines direct and indirect methods-separation of losses, retardation and regeneration methods of testing.

Construction of a.c. machines. Flux distribution in salient pole and non-salient pole fields. E.m.f. generated in coils and distributed windings. Armature reaction. Alternators and their use as synchronous motors. Voltage regulation. Parallel operation of alternators. Static and rotary voltage regulators. Instruments. Transformers-phasor diagrams, equivalent circuit, voltage regulation and efficiency. Polyphase induction motors-theory, characteristics and starting arrangements. Synchronous machines-equivalent circuit, synchronous impedance, voltage regulation.

Automatic control, simulation, use of analogues. Generation of integral and derivative action by passive and active electrical circuits. Analysis of control systems with feedback. Input and output characteristics. Transient, steady state and harmonic response of systems. Instruments-indicating, recording, integrating, detection, conversion and data transmission. Matching of components.

Naval Architecture Derivation of Simpson's and Tchebycheff's rules.

Stability. Hydrostatic curves, statical curves and cross curves of stability. Dynamical stability. Free surface problems. Grounding.

Subdivision of passenger ships. Floodable length curves and their use.

The strength of ships. The trochoidal wave theory. Local and longitudinal strength calculations. Statical strength treated graphically and by calculation. Dynamical effects. Oscillation, rolling and pitching of ships. Qualitative treatment of vibrations.

Resistance and propulsion of ships. Model experiments and laws of comparison. Dynamical similarity. Viscosity and its effects on fluid friction. Dimensional analysis and the non-dimensional factor approach to Reynolds' and Froude's numbers. Other methods of estimating power, e.g. Admiralty coefficient formula, Taylor's curves. Circular constants and their use. Propellers, geometry of the helix, typical triangle of velocities introducing slip and angle of incidence. Thrust, torque and efficiency. Blade element theory-lift and drag on aerofoil section. Axial momentum. Propeller coefficients and their use. Cavitation. Interaction between screw and ship. Hull efficiency and its factors. Overall propulsion coefficient.

Ship construction and materials used in ship building. Modern developments in structural design. Use of high tensile steels, mild steel, aluminium and other materials. Discontinuities. Welding. Corrosion and fouling.

General principles of load line assignment and tonnage measurements.

Engineering Knowledge Questions will be set to test the candidate's knowledge of technological investigations which have influenced engineering practice and important developments arising therefrom free from the limitations of the syllabuses for examinations for candidates for second class certificates and first class certificates.

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