National Security (Industrial Lighting) Regulations (Cth)

STATUTORY RULES.

1942. No. 302.

———————

REGULATIONS UNDER THE NATIONAL SECURITY ACT 1939-1940.*

I, THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL in and over the Commonwealth of Australia, acting with the advice of the Federal Executive Council, hereby make the following Regulations under the National Security Act 1939-1940.

Dated this eighth day of July, 1942.

(SGD.) GOWRIE.

Governor-General.

By His Excellency’s Command,

for and on behalf of the Minister of State for Defence.

———

National Security (Industrial Lighting) Regulations.

Citation.

1. These Regulations may be cited as the National Security (Industrial Lighting) Regulations.

Administration.

2. These Regulations shall be administered by the Minister of State for Labour and National Service.

Definitions.

3. In these Regulations, unless the contrary intention appears—

“industrial premises” means any premises on which two or more persons are employed in manual labour in any process for or incidental to—

(a) the making of any article or of part of any article;

(b)the altering, repairing, ornamenting, finishing, cleaning or washing or the breaking up or demolition of any article; or

(c) the adapting for sale of any article,

being premises on which work is carried on by way of trade or for purposes of gain and to or over which the employer

* Notified in the Commonwealth Gazette on , 1942.

4176.—Price 5d. 25/25.6.1942.

of any person employed therein has the right of access or control, and includes any offices on any such premises, but does not include any shop, residence or showroom; and

“lighting equipment” means all equipment on industrial premises which is necessary for, or is connected with, the provision or control of artificial light on those premises.

New installations.

4. The owner or occupier of any industrial premises, whether or not the premises are in existence at the commencement of these Regulations, shall not install, or cause to be installed, in those premises any lighting equipment, or alter or extend, or cause to be altered or extended, any portion of the lighting equipment in those premises, unless the lighting equipment to be installed, or the portion thereof, as so altered or extended, conforms, as the case may be, with the relevant provisions of the Schedule to these Regulations.

Orders as to interior artificial lighting.

5. The Minister may, from time to time, by order published in the Gazette, prescribe interior artificial lighting standards for all or any industrial premises, or for any class of industrial premises, and may require the owners or occupiers of those premises, or of premises included in that class, to bring those premises into conformity with those standards within a period specified in the order.

Exemptions.

6. Notwithstanding anything contained in these Regulations, the Minister may, by order, wholly or partly, and either indefinitely or for a limited time, exempt the owners or occupiers of any industrial premises, or class of industrial premises, from the provisions of regulation 4 of these Regulations, or of any order made in pursuance of regulation 5 of these Regulations, and may at any time cancel any such exemption.

Minister may order premises to be closed.

7. In addition to or in lieu of any proceedings which may be taken under the National Security Act 1939-1940 against the owner or occupier of any industrial premises in respect of any contravention of, or failure to comply with, the provisions of regulation 4 of these Regulations or of any order made in pursuance of regulation 5 of these Regulations applicable in relation to those premises, the Minister may, if, in his opinion, there has been any such contravention or failure, by order, direct that those premises, or any part thereof, shall not be used until such time as the lighting equipment therein conforms with the relevant provisions of the Schedule to these Regulations or of the order.

 

THE SCHEDULE.

——

Reg. 4.

LIGHTING STANDARDS.*

Interpretation.

1. In this Schedule, unless the contrary intention appears—

“average brightness” means the average of two brightness readings, one of which is taken at the point of apparent maximum brightness and the other at the point of apparent minimum brightness of a diffusing fitting;

* Note.—The lighting standards set out in the Schedule are those of the Australian Standard Code for the Interior Illumination of Buildings by Artificial Light (Emergency Code No. (E) CA, 501-1942) produced by the Standards Association of Australia. Reference should be made to the Code for information as to the best methods of installing lighting in accordance with these standards.

“mounting height” means the height of the centre of the light source measured from floor level;

“working plane” means that portion of a horizontal, vertical or inclined plane on or before which a visual task is performed,

and all other technical expressions shall have the meanings attached to those expressions in illuminating engineering practice and which are set out in the British Standard Glossary of Terms used in Illumination and Photometry being No. 233/1932, with Addendum 1935, of the British Standards Institution.

Quantitative illumination.

2.—(1.) The illumination on any task performed in any room or place described in the first column of the following table shall be not less than the lower illumination set out in the second column opposite the description applicable to that room or place, and the illumination in other parts of any such room or place shall be not less than one-fifth of that illumination:

Provided that, except in the case of places used as passages, corridors, stairways and spaces outside working areas, the illumination shall in no case be less than 5 foot candles.

Description of Rooms and Places.	Illumination in Foot-Candles.
Rooms and places in which are performed very severe and prolonged visual tasks such as precision work of a high degree of accuracy, including fine engraving and all tasks requiring rapid discrimination and response	50 foot-candles or over
Rooms and places in which are performed severe and prolonged visual tasks such as drawing, sewing on dark goods or discrimination and inspection of fine details of low contrast	25 to 50 foot-candles
Rooms and places in which are performed moderately critical and prolonged tasks such as fine machine work, fine assembling, sewing on light goods	15 to 25 foot-candles
Rooms and places in which are performed ordinary visual tasks such as detailed office work, reading and ordinary bench work	10 to 15 foot-candles
Rooms and places in which are performed less exacting visual tasks such as intermittent office work, large assembly work, packing and storing	5 to 10 foot-candles
Places used as passages, corridors, stairways and spaces outside working areas	2 to 5 foot-candles

(2.) Without limiting the foregoing provisions of this paragraph, in the application of those provisions regard shall be had to the requirements of the following Table*:—

Type of Industrial Premises and Tasks.	Illumination in Foot-candles.
Assembly Shop—
Rough work....................................................................................	5-10
Medium work.................................................................................	10-15
Fine work.......................................................................................	15-25
Extra fine work...............................................................................	25-50
Bakery................................................................................................	5-10
Canning..............................................................................................	10-15
Chemical Works—
Hand furnaces, boiling tanks, stationary driers, stationary or gravity crystallizing, mechanical furnaces, generators and stills, mechanical driers, evaporators, filtration, mechanical crystallizing, bleaching................................	5
Tanks for cooking, extractors, percolators, nitrators, electrolytic cells..	5-10

* See note at end of this table.

Type of Industrial Premises and Tasks.	Illumination in Foot-candles.
Clay Products and Cement Works—
Grinding, filter pressing, kiln room..........................................................................	5-10
Moulding, pressing, cleaning and trimming............................................................	10-15
Enamelling.....................................................................................................................	10-15(A)
Colouring and glazing..................................................................................................	10-15
Cloth Products—
Cutting, inspecting, sewing, pressing, cloth treating (oil cloth, &c.)—
Light goods..........................................................................................................	15-25
Dark goods...........................................................................................................	25-50
Dairy Products....................................................................................................................	10-15
Die Sinking—
General...........................................................................................................................	25-50
Fine..................................................................................................................................	Above 50
Drawing Offices—
Rough drawing and sketching....................................................................................	15-25(B)
Prolonged close work and design in detail...............................................................	25-50(B)
Electrical Manufacturing—
Battery manufacture, mica working..........................................................................	10-15
Coil and armature winding, insulating processes—
General..................................................................................................................	10-15
Fine........................................................................................................................	25-50
Engraving............................................................................................................................	Above 50
Flour Milling—
Cleaning, grinding or rolling.......................................................................................	5-10
Baking or roasting........................................................................................................	10-15
Flour grading.................................................................................................................	15-25(A)
Food Preparation and Manufacture in any Industry—
Handling, inspection and preparation......................................................................	10-15
Foundry—
Charging floor, tumbling, cleaning, pouring, shaking-out....................................	5-10
Rough moulding and core making............................................................................	5-10
Fine moulding and core making................................................................................	15-25
Garages—Automobile—
Storage............................................................................................................................	2-5
Repairs and washing....................................................................................................	15-25
Glass Works—
Mix and furnace rooms, pressing, glass-blowing machines, polishing...............	5
Grinding, cutting glass to size, silvering...................................................................	10-15
Fine grinding, bevelling, inspection, etching and decorating...............................	25-50(C)
Glass-cutting (cut glass), fine inspection.................................................................	25-50(C)
Hat Manufacturing—
Dyeing, stiffening, braiding, cleaning, refining, forming, sizing, pouncing, flanging, finishing, ironing.......................................................................................................................	10-15
Sewing—
Light................................................................................................................................	15-25
Dark................................................................................................................................	25-50
Ice Making	5
Inspecting—
Rough.............................................................................................................................	5-10
Medium..........................................................................................................................	15-25
Fine..................................................................................................................................	25-50
Extra fine........................................................................................................................	Above 50
Jewellery and Watch Manufacturing..............................................................................	Above 50
Laundries and Dry Cleaning—
Receiving and checking...............................................................................................	10-15
Washing..........................................................................................................................	5
Drying room..................................................................................................................	2-5
Calendering....................................................................................................................	10-15
Ironing and pressing.....................................................................................................	10-15(A)
Sorting and checking...................................................................................................	15-25
Despatch........................................................................................................................	5-10

 

Type of Industrial Premises and Tasks.	Illumination in Foot-candles.
Leather Manufacturing—
Vats..................................................................................................................................	5
Cleaning, tanning and stretching......................................................................................	5
Cutting, fleshing and stuffing..........................................................................................	5-10
Finishing and scarfing......................................................................................................	10-15
Leather Working—
Pressing and winding—
Light.......................................................................................................................	10-15
Dark........................................................................................................................	15-25
Grading, matching, cutting, scarfing, sewing—
Light.......................................................................................................................	15-25(A)
Dark........................................................................................................................	Above 50 (A)
Machine Shops and Fitting Shops—
Rough bench and machine work.....................................................................................	5-10
Medium bench and machine work, ordinary automatic machines, rough grinding, medium buffing, and polishing....................................................................................................................	10-15
Fine bench and machine work, fine automatic machines, medium grinding, fine buffing and polishing...................................................................................................................................	15-25
Extra fine bench and machine work, grinding (fine work)..............................................	25-50
Offices—
General.............................................................................................................................	10-15
Business machines, &c....................................................................................................	25-50
Conference rooms............................................................................................................	5-10
Corridors and stairways...................................................................................................	2-5
Stenographic work—
Prolonged reading shorthand notes........................................................................	15-25
Packing—
Crating..............................................................................................................................	5
Boxing..............................................................................................................................	5-10
Paint Manufacturing..............................................................................................................	10-15(A)
Paint Shop—
Dipping, firing..................................................................................................................	5-10
Rubbing, ordinary painting, spraying and finishing........................................................	10-15(A)
Fine painting, spraying and finishing...............................................................................	15-25(A)
Extra fine painting, spraying and finishing (automobile bodies, piano cases, &c.)........	25-50(A)
Paper Box Manufacture—
General.............................................................................................................................	5-10
Storage of stock...............................................................................................................	2-5
Paper Manufacture—
Beaters, grinding..............................................................................................................	5-10
Calendering......................................................................................................................	10-15(B)
Finishing, cutting and trimming.......................................................................................	15-25
Plating....................................................................................................................................	5-10
Polishing and Burnishing......................................................................................................	10-15
Power House—
Boilers, coal and ash handling, storage battery rooms....................................................	5
Auxiliary equipment, oil switches and transformers, engines, generators, blowers, compressors	5-10
Switchboards....................................................................................................................	15-25(B)
Printing Industry—
Matrixing and casting, miscellaneous machines, presses................................................	10-15
Lithographing, electrotyping............................................................................................	15-25(A)
Imposing..........................................................................................................................	25-50(C)
Linotype, monotype, typesetting, stone engraving..........................................................	25-50
Sorting and packing.........................................................................................................	5-10
Proof reading....................................................................................................................	25-50

 

Type of Industrial Premises and Tasks.	Illumination in Foot-candles.
Rubber Manufacturing and Products—
Compounding mills, fabric preparation, stock cutting, tubing machines, solid tyre operations, mechanical goods, building, vulcanizing...........................................................

5-10
Calendering, bead building, finishing inner tube operation, mechanical goods, trimming, treading....................................................................................................................	10-15
Sheet, Metal Work—
Miscellaneous machines, ordinary bench work, punches, presses, shears, stamps, welders, spinning....................................................................................................................	10-15(B)
Fine bench work, tin plate inspection.......................................................................	15-25(C)
Shoe Manufacturing—
Hand turning, miscellaneous bench and machine work........................................	10-15
Cutting, lasting and welting........................................................................................	15-25
Stitching..........................................................................................................................	25-50
Inspecting and sorting..................................................................................................	15-25
Smith Shop—
Rough forging................................................................................................................	5
Fine forging and welding.............................................................................................	5-10
Soap Manufacturing—
Kettle houses, cutting, soap chip and powder.........................................................	5
Stamping, wrapping and packing, filling and packing soap powder...................	5-10
Steel and Iron Mills, Bar, Plats and Wire Products—
Soaking pits and re-heating furnaces........................................................................	2-5
Charging and casting floors........................................................................................	5-10
Muck and heavy rolling, shearing rough by gauge, pickling and cleaning........	5
Plate inspection	10-15
Automatic machines, rod, light and cold rolling wire drawing, shearing fine by line	10-15
Stone Crushing and Screening—
Belt conveyor tubes, main line shafting spaces, spacing chute rooms inside of bins	2-5
Primary breaker room, auxiliary breakers under bins............................................	2-5
Screen rooms.................................................................................................................	5
Bulk Storage........................................................................................................................	2-5
Structural Steel Works.......................................................................................................	5-10
Sugar Grading.....................................................................................................................	15-25(A)
Sweet Making......................................................................................................................	10-15
Testing—
Rough.............................................................................................................................	5-10
Fine..................................................................................................................................	10-15
Extra fine instruments, scales, &c.............................................................................	25-50
Textile Mills—
Cotton—
Spinning—
Opening, scratching, lapping and carding.....................................................	5
Drafting and twisting.........................................................................................	5-10
Ring spinning......................................................................................................	5-10
Warping—
Light goods...................................................................................................	5-10
Dark goods....................................................................................................	10-15
Drawing frames...........................................................................................	15-25

 

Type of Industrial Premises and Tasks.	Illumination in Foot-candles.
Textile Mills—continued.
Cotton—continued.
Weaving—
Looms...............................................................................................................	10-15
Burling and mending......................................................................................	25-50(A)
Perching.............................................................................................................	Above 50 (A)
Cloth rooms, warehouses, &c.......................................................................	2-5
Silk—
Winding, throwing, dyeing	10-15
Quilling, warping, weaving and finishing—
Light goods.......................................................................................................	5-10
Dark goods.......................................................................................................	10-15
Woollen—
Spinning—
Scouring, washing, &c...................................................................................	5
Grading and sorting.........................................................................................	10-15
Combing, carding, twisting............................................................................	5-10
Warping—
Light goods................................................................................................	5-10
Dark goods.................................................................................................	10-15
Weaving—
Looms...............................................................................................................	10-15
Burling and mending......................................................................................	25-50(A)
Perching.............................................................................................................	Above 50 (A)
Cloth rooms, warehouses, &c.......................................................................	2-5
Tobacco Products—
Drying, general.............................................................................................................	2-5
Grading and sorting......................................................................................................	15-25(A)
Stripping.........................................................................................................................	5-10
Upholstering—
Automobile, coach and furniture	10-15
Warehouses..........................................................................................................................	2-5
Welding.................................................................................................................................	10-15
Wood Working—
Rough sawing and bench work...................................................................................	5-10
Sizing, planing, rough sanding, medium machine and bench work, glueing, veneering, cooperage.................................................................................................................	10-15
Fine bench and machine working, fine sanding and finishing	15-25

Note.—The reference letters A, B and C appearing in the second column in the above table have the following significance:—

“A” denotes tasks where lighting having a colour quality similar to ordinary daylight should be used.

“B” refers to tasks which require freedom from direct and reflected glare and very good diffusion.

“C” denotes tasks which require the discrimination of fine detail by utilizing (a)the reflected image of a luminous area, or (b) the transmitted light from a luminous area. In respect of such tasks it is necessary that the luminous area should be large enough to cover the surface which is being inspected and that the brightness should be within the limits necessary to obtain comfortable contrast conditions. This involves the use of sources of large area and very low brightness, in which the source brightness is the principal factor rather than the foot-candles produced at given point.

Qualitative illumination.

3. The quality of illumination shall be adequate to provide comfortable vision and ensure easy, accurate and quick seeing and in particular the following conditions shall be observed:—

(i) Lamps visible to any person working in the vicinity shall be fitted with properly designed reflectors or diffusing fittings, or both, or otherwise shaded from view.

(ii) Where open type reflectors are used, they shall have a cut-off angle of not less than 20 degrees regardless of the light source used.

(iii) No general service incandescent electric lamp having a rated consumption greater than 299 watts and no lamp of any other type having a light output greater than that of a general service incandescent electric lamp consuming 299 watts, the mounting height of which is less than 20 feet, shall be used in an open type reflector unless that reflector has a cut-off angle of not less than 30 degrees.

(iv) No general service incandescent electric lamp having a rated consumption greater than 499 watts and no lamp of any other type having a light output greater than that of a general service incandescent electric lamp consuming 499 watts, the mounting height of which is less than 14 feet, shall be used in an open type reflector.

(v) Where open type reflectors are used to provide supplementary local lighting, the cut-off of such reflectors shall be not less than 40 degrees, and the light sources shall be so placed, shielded or louvred as to be invisible to any person working in the vicinity.

(vi) Open type reflectors shall not be used in any room or office in which continuous clerical work is performed.

(vii) Where, in any room or place in which work is normally performed, any diffusing fitting having a mounting height of less than 9 feet is visible, the average brightness of the fitting shall not exceed 500 lumens per square foot.

(viii) Where, in any room or place in which work is normally performed, any diffusing fitting having a mounting height exceeding 9 feet, but not exceeding 14 feet is visible, the average brightness of the fitting shall not exceed 800 lumens per square foot.

(ix) Where, in any room or place in which work is normally performed, any diffusing fitting with a mounting height exceeding 14 feet is visible, and where any diffusing fitting of any mounting height is visible in any passage, storeroom or other place in which work is not normally performed, the average brightness of any such fitting shall not exceed 1,200 lumens per square foot.

(x) Where diffusing lighting fittings are used with not less than 80 per centum of the side elevation of the diffusing portion of the fitting totally concealed by a reflector or other device, the maximum permissible average brightness stipulated in sub-paragraphs (vii), (viii) and (ix) may be increased by 75 per centum in each case.

(xi) The brightness of any luminous panel which constitutes a working plane, as in the case of inspection by transmitted light, shall not exceed 75 lumens per square foot.

(xii) The brightness of fittings of large area and low, brightness, the images of which are intended to be reflected in polished work surfaces, as in marking out on polished sheet metal, shall not exceed 100 lumens per square foot.

(xiii) The brightness of fittings of large areas and low brightness where lighting of high quality giving high diffusion and soft shadows is necessary, as in fine assembly and drafting work, shall not exceed 200 lumens per square foot.

(xiv) Where glare from smooth and polished surfaces is likely to be reflected into the eyes of any person working in the vicinity, light sources shall be so placed that the image of the light source is reflected away from the eyes of any such person, or the surfaces from which reflection occurs shall be shielded or be otherwise rendered non-reflecting, or diffusing lighting fittings shall be used.

(xv) Where reflected glare is likely to result from the use of high brightness light sources in open type reflectors for the illumination of tasks of a difficult nature, or tasks requiring concentrated attention over long periods, high brightness light sources in open type reflectors shall not be used and such tasks shall be illuminated by indirect lighting or by diffusing fittings.

(xvi) Where possible, each task shall be so arranged that there is ample contrast between it and its immediate background, by adjusting the colour or nature of the background, or by using lighting methods which employ high lights and shadows to emphasize contrasts.

(xvii) The provisions of sub-paragraphs (i) to (xv) (both inclusive) shall not apply to passages, corridors, stairways and places outside working areas where inside frosted incandescent electric lamps rated to consume less than 101 watts are used provided that such lamps are not visible in any working area.

 

By Authority: L. F. Johnston, Commonwealth Government Printer, Canberra.