Migration Legislation Amendment (Regional Processing and Other Measures) Act 2012

Administered by Department of Home Affairs

Legislation au C2012A00113 In force Act

Legislation content

 

 

 

 

 

 

Migration Legislation Amendment (Regional Processing and Other Measures) Act 2012

 

No. 113, 2012

 

 

 

 

 

An Act to amend the law relating to migration, and for other purposes

 

 

Contents

1 Short title

2 Commencement

3 Schedule(s)

Schedule 1—Regional processing

Migration Act 1958

Schedule 2—Other amendments

Immigration (Guardianship of Children) Act 1946

 

 

 

Migration Legislation Amendment (Regional Processing and Other Measures) Act 2012

No. 113, 2012

 

 

 

An Act to amend the law relating to migration, and for other purposes

[Assented to 17 August 2012]

The Parliament of Australia enacts:

1  Short title

  This Act may be cited as the Migration Legislation Amendment (Regional Processing and Other Measures) Act 2012.

2  Commencement

  This Act commences on the day after this Act receives the Royal Assent.

3  Schedule(s)

  Each Act that is specified in a Schedule to this Act is amended or repealed as set out in the applicable items in the Schedule concerned, and any other item in a Schedule to this Act has effect according to its terms.


Schedule 1—Regional processing

 

Migration Act 1958

1  At the end of section 4

Add:

 (5) To advance its object, this Act provides for the taking of offshore entry persons from Australia to a regional processing country.

2  Subsection 5(1) (note 1 at the end of the definition of immigration detention)

Repeal the note, substitute:

Note 1: Subsection 198AD(11) provides that being dealt with under subsection 198AD(3) does not amount to immigration detention.

3  Subsection 5(1) (paragraph (a) of the definition of offshore entry person)

Before “entered”, insert “has, at any time,”.

4  Subsection 5(1)

Insert:

regional processing country means a country designated by the Minister under subsection 198AB(1) as a regional processing country.

5  Subsection 5(1) (paragraph (a) of the definition of transitory person)

Before “section”, insert “repealed”.

6  Subsection 5(1) (after paragraph (a) of the definition of transitory person)

Insert:

 (aa) an offshore entry person who was taken to a regional processing country under section 198AD; or

7  Paragraphs 36(2)(a) and (aa)

Omit “to whom”, substitute “in respect of whom”.

8  Subsection 36(3)

Omit “obligations to”, substitute “obligations in respect of”.

11  Subsection 189(3)

After “a person”, insert “(other than a person referred to in subsection (3A))”.

12  Subsection 189(3)

Omit “may detain”, substitute “must detain”.

13  After subsection 189(3)

Insert:

 (3A) If an officer knows or reasonably suspects that a person in a protected area:

 (a) is an allowed inhabitant of the Protected Zone; and

 (b) is an unlawful non‑citizen;

the officer may detain the person.

14  Subsection 189(5)

After “subsections (3)”, insert “, (3A)”.

15  Paragraph 193(1)(c)

Before “or (4)”, insert “, (3A)”.

16  Subsection 196(1)

Omit “he or she is”.

17  Paragraph 196(1)(a)

Before “removed”, insert “he or she is”.

18  After paragraph 196(1)(a)

Insert:

 (aa) an officer begins to deal with the non‑citizen under subsection 198AD(3); or

19  Paragraph 196(1)(b)

Before “deported”, insert “he or she is”.

20  Paragraph 196(1)(c)

Before “granted”, insert “he or she is”.

21  Subsection…

Overview

The Migration Legislation Amendment (Regional Processing and Other Measures) Act 2012 was enacted by the Parliament of Australia to amend existing migration laws, addressing issues such as people smuggling and the management of offshore entry persons. The primary objective of this Act is to facilitate the designation of regional processing countries where offshore entry persons, including those who may have protection obligations under international refugee conventions, can be assessed and processed. This approach is intended to mitigate the humanitarian and security challenges associated with people smuggling, including the tragic loss of life at sea. The Act provides the Minister with the authority to designate countries as regional processing locations, a decision that must be made in the perceived national interest and does not require adherence to international obligations or domestic laws of the designated countries. The Act also includes provisions for the mandatory removal of certain offshore entry persons to designated regional processing countries, aiming to streamline the handling of asylum seekers and reduce irregular maritime arrivals. It empowers immigration officers to undertake necessary actions to effect the transfer, including the use of reasonable force. Additionally, the Act clarifies that individuals processed offshore are not considered to be in immigration detention and mandates the Minister to provide detailed reasons and documentation to Parliament when designating a regional processing country. This legislative framework seeks to provide a structured and lawful method for managing migration flows and ensuring the protection of individuals while addressing national security concerns.

Scope and Application

The Migration Legislation Amendment (Regional Processing and Other Measures) Act 2012 applies to offshore entry persons, which are defined as non-citizens who have arrived in Australia without a valid visa and are not in immigration detention. This Act specifically addresses the processing of such individuals by authorising their transfer to designated regional processing countries for the purposes of assessing their eligibility for refugee status and other immigration-related matters. The Minister for Immigration and Border Protection has the authority to designate countries as regional processing locations, a power that must be exercised in the national interest. This Act also provides mechanisms for officers to enforce the transfer of these individuals to designated countries and outlines the conditions under which such transfers can be made. The Act further clarifies that individuals being processed under these provisions are not considered to be in immigration detention. Additionally, the Act amends the Immigration (Guardianship of Children) Act 1946 to include provisions for the removal of non-citizen children from Australia to regional processing countries. The Act's provisions extend across the Commonwealth of Australia and apply to any person or entity involved in the processing and transfer of offshore entry persons, including immigration officers and the Minister. The Act does not specify any exclusions, exemptions, or thresholds, though it does provide for certain conditions and exceptions related to the application of its provisions. The Act may be further defined or extended through subordinate instruments, such as legislative instruments and regulations made under the Migration Act 1958.

Key Provisions

  • The Migration Legislation Amendment (Regional Processing and Other Measures) Act 2012 (the "Act") amends the Migration Act 1958 to introduce provisions for the regional processing of offshore entry persons and other related measures. Section 198AD of the Migration Act 1958, as inserted by the Act, applies to an offshore entry person who enters Australia on or after 13 August 2012. Under section 198AD, an officer must take an offshore entry person, who is detained under section 189, to a regional processing country as soon as reasonably practicable. The Minister may designate a country as a regional processing country by legislative instrument, and such designation must be approved by both Houses of Parliament. The Act also provides that the Minister may direct an officer to take an offshore entry person to a specific regional processing country if there are two or more such countries. Furthermore, the Minister may determine in writing that section 198AD does not apply to an offshore entry person if the Minister thinks it is in the public interest to do so. The Act also amends the Immigration (Guardianship of Children) Act 1946 to include definitions of "migration law" and "regional processing country."
  • The Act imposes several obligations on the parties it governs. The Minister is required to designate a country as a regional processing country if the Minister thinks it is in the national interest to do so, having regard to relevant factors. The Minister must also direct an officer to take an offshore entry person to a specific regional processing country if there are two or more such countries. Additionally, the Act requires officers to take offshore entry persons to regional processing countries and to comply with Ministerial directions in this regard. Furthermore, the Act requires the Minister to lay specified documents before each House of the Parliament when designating a country as a regional processing country.
  • The Act also provides for offences, penalties, and civil/criminal consequences for breaches. However, the Act itself does not explicitly state the maximum penalties for these offences. Instead, the penalties would be determined by the relevant laws governing the specific breach, such as the Migration Act 1958 or any other applicable legislation. It is important to note that the Act excludes the application of the rules of natural justice to certain exercises of power by the Minister, such as the designation of a regional processing country and the giving of Ministerial directions.

Legal classification tags

Area of Law
Immigration & Refugee Law
Instrument
Act
Concepts
Commencement Provisions
Offence Provisions
Regulatory Standards
Enforcement Powers
Delegated & Subordinate Legislation
Licensing & Registration
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Sourced from the Federal Register of Legislation at 26 August 2026. For the latest information on Australian Government law please go to https://www.legislation.gov.au.