Lewis on behalf of the Nyalpa Pirniku Native Title Claim Group v State of Western Australia
[2023] FCA 1294
•31 October 2023
FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA
Lewis on behalf of the Nyalpa Pirniku Native Title Claim Group v State of Western Australia [2023] FCA 1294
File number(s): WAD 91 of 2019 Judgment of: CHEESEMAN J Date of judgment: 31 October 2023 Catchwords: NATIVE TITLE – application for consent determination – where the Court is satisfied that the order is consistent with the terms of the agreement reached for the purposes of s 87 of the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) - whether order is within the power of the Court – whether the Court is satisfied that it is appropriate to make the order sought – Held: native title determination made. Legislation: Federal Court of Australia Act 2011 (Cth) ss 37M, 37N
Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) ss 61(1), 62A, 66, 67(1) 87(1) – (2), 94A, 225
Native Title Amendment Act 2009 (Cth)
Cases cited: Agius v South Australia (No 6) [2018] FCA 358
Billy Patch & Others on behalf of the Birriliburu People v State of Western Australia [2008] FCA 944
Cronin on behalf of the Butchulla People (land & sea claim #2) v State of Queensland [2019] FCA 2082
Freddie v Northern Territory [2017] FCA 867
Goonack v State of Western Australia [2011] FCA 516
Harrington-Smith v Western Australia (No.9) [2007] FCA 31; 238 ALR 1
Hobbs on behalf of the Ngurrara D2 Claim Group v Western Australia [2020] FCA 624
KD (deceased) on behalf of the Mirning People v Western Australia [2021] FCA 10
King on behalf of the Eringa Native Title Claim Group v South Australia [2011] FCA 1386
Lovett on behalf of the Gunditjmara People v State of Victoria [2007] FCA 474
Members of the Yorta Yorta Aboriginal Community v State of Victoria [2002] HCA 58; 214 CLR 422
Mooney on behalf of the Yuwibara People and State of Queensland [2020] FCA 170
Murray on behalf of the Yilka Native Title Claimants v State of Western Australia (No.5) [2016] FCA 752
Narrier v State of Western Australia [2016] FCA 1519
Sharpe v State of Western Australia [2013] FCA 599
Strickland on behalf of the Maduwongga Claim Group v State of Western Australia [2023] FCA 270
Thudgari People v State of Western Australia [2009] FCA 1334
Watson v Western Australia (No 6) [2014] FCA 545
Western Bundjalung People v Attorney General of New South Wales [2017] FCA 992
Wurrunmurra on behalf of the Bunuba People v State of Western Australia [2015] FCA 1480
Division: General Division Registry: Western Australia National Practice Area: Native Title Number of paragraphs: 70 Date of last submission: 26 September 2023 Date of hearing: 31 October 2023 Solicitor for the Applicants: Mr J Brown and Ms E Watanabe of Native Title Services Goldfields Counsel for the First Respondent: Mr G Ranson SC Solicitor for the First Respondent: State Solicitor’s Office Solicitor for the Second Respondent: Ms B Griffin of Australian Government Solicitor Table of Corrections 31 October 2023 In paragraph 25, the following text is deleted:
“(emphasis in original)”.31 October 2023 In paragraph 56, the word “I” is inserted between the words “and” and “accept”. ORDERS
WAD 91 of 2019 BETWEEN: PATRICIA LEWIS & ORS ON BEHALF OF THE NYALPA PIRNIKU NATIVE TITLE CLAIM GROUP
Applicant
AND: STATE OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA
First Respondent
COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA
Second Respondent
SHIRE OF LAVERTON, SHIRE OF LEONORA AND SHIRE OF MENZIES (and others named in the Schedule)
Third Respondent
ORDER MADE BY:
CHEESEMAN J
DATE OF ORDER:
31 OCTOBER 2023
THE COURT NOTES THAT:
A.The Applicant in proceedings WAD 91 of 2019 has made a native title determination application (“Nyalpa Pirniku Application”).
B.The Applicant in the Nyalpa Pirniku Application, the State of Western Australia and the other Respondents to the Nyalpa Pirniku Application ("the parties") have reached an agreement as to the terms of the determination which is to be made in relation to the land and waters covered by the Nyalpa Pirniku Application (“the Determination Area”). The external boundaries of the Determination Area are described in Schedule 1 to the Determination.
C.Pursuant to subsections 87(1), (1A) and (2) of the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) ("NativeTitleAct") the parties have filed with the Court this Minute of Proposed Consent Determination of Native Title setting out the terms of the agreement reached by the parties in relation to the Nyalpa Pirniku Application.
D.The terms of the agreement involve the making of consent orders for a determination pursuant to sections 87 and 94A of the Native Title Act that native title exists in relation to the land and waters of the Determination Area (save for those areas identified in Schedule 4).
E.The parties acknowledge that the effect of the making of the determination is that the members of the native title claim group, in accordance with the traditional laws acknowledged and the traditional customs observed by them, should be recognised as the native title holders for the Determination Area as set out in the determination.
F.Pursuant to section 87(2) of the Native Title Act, the parties have requested that the Court determine the proceedings that relate to the Determination Area without holding a hearing.
G.The Applicant in the Nyalpa Pirniku Application has nominated the Wangkatja Tjungula Aboriginal Corporation (ICN 9951) pursuant to section 57(2)(a) of the Native Title Act to hold the determined native title as agent for the native title holders.
BEING SATISFIED that a determination of native title in the terms set out in Attachment A would be within the power of the Court and, it appearing to the Court appropriate to do so, pursuant to sections 87 and 94A of the Native Title Act and by the consent of the parties:
BY CONSENT THE COURT ORDERS THAT:
1.In relation to the Determination Area, there be a determination of native title in WAD 91 of 2019 in the terms provided for in Attachment A.
2.The Wangkatja Tjungula Aboriginal Corporation (ICN 9951) shall hold the determined native title as agent for the native title holders pursuant to section 57(2) of the Native Title Act1993 (Cth).
3.There shall be no order as to costs.
Note: Entry of orders is dealt with in Rule 39.32 of the Federal Court Rules 2011.
ATTACHMENT A
DETERMINATION
THE COURT ORDERS, DECLARES AND DETERMINES THAT:
Existence of native title: section 225 Native Title Act
1.Subject to paragraph 2, native title exists in the Determination Area in the manner set out in paragraphs 4 and 5 of this determination.
2.Native title does not exist in those parts of the Determination Area that are identified in Schedule 4.
Native title holders: section 225(a) Native Title Act
3.The native title in the Determination Area is held by the Native Title Holders.
The nature and extent of native title rights and interests and exclusiveness of native title (sections 225(b) and 225(e) Native Title Act)
Exclusive rights and interests
4.Subject to paragraphs 2, 6 and 10, the nature and extent of the native title rights and interests in relation to the Exclusive Area are the right to possession, occupation, use and enjoyment of the Exclusive Area to the exclusion of all others.
Non-exclusive rights and interests
5.Subject to paragraphs 2, 6, 7 and 10, the nature and extent of the native title rights and interests in relation to the Non-Exclusive Area are that they confer the following non‑exclusive rights:
(a)the right to access, remain in and use the Non-Exclusive Area;
(b)the right to access, take and use the resources of the Non-Exclusive Area for any purpose;
(c)the right to engage in spiritual and cultural activities on the Non-Exclusive Area; and
(d)the right to maintain and protect places and objects of significance on the Non-Exclusive Area.
Qualifications on the native title rights and interests
6.Notwithstanding anything in this determination, the native title rights and interests set out in paragraphs 4 and 5:
(a)are subject to and exercisable in accordance with:
(i)the laws of the State and the Commonwealth, including the common law; and
(ii)the traditional laws and customs of the Native Title Holders;
(b)do not confer exclusive rights in relation to water in any watercourse, wetland or underground water source as is defined in the Rights in Water and Irrigation Act1914 (WA); and
(c)do not confer any rights in relation to:
(i)minerals as defined in the Mining Act 1904 (WA) (repealed) and in the Mining Act 1978 (WA), except to the extent that ochre is not a mineral pursuant to the Mining Act 1904 (WA);
(ii)petroleum as defined in the Petroleum Act 1936 (WA) (repealed) and in the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Act 1967 (WA);
(iii)geothermal energy resources and geothermal energy as defined in the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Act 1967 (WA); or
(iv)water lawfully captured by the holders of the Other Interests pursuant to those Other Interests.
7.The native title rights and interests set out in paragraph 5 do not confer:
(a)possession, occupation, use and enjoyment on the Native Title Holders to the exclusion of all others; or
(b)a right to control the access to, or use of, the Non-Exclusive Area or its resources.
Areas to which ss 47, 47A or 47B of the Native Title Act apply
8.Sections 47, 47A and 47B of the Native Title Act apply to disregard any prior extinguishment in relation to those parts of the Determination Area identified in Schedule 5.
Relationship between native title rights and other interests
9.The nature and extent of the Other Interests are described in Schedule 6.
Relationship between native title rights and other interests
10.Except as otherwise provided for by law, the relationship between the native title rights and interests described in paragraphs 4 and 5 and the Other Interests is that:
(a)to the extent that any of the Other Interests are inconsistent with the continued existence, enjoyment or exercise of the native title rights and interests, the native title rights and interests continue to exist in their entirety, but the native title rights and interests have no effect in relation to the Other Interests to the extent of the inconsistency during the currency of the Other Interests; and otherwise,
(b)the existence and exercise of the native title rights and interests do not prevent the doing of any activity required or permitted to be done by or under the Other Interests, and the Other Interests, and the doing of any activity required or permitted to be done by or under the Other Interests, prevail over the native title rights and interests and any exercise of the native title rights and interests but do not extinguish them.
Definitions and Interpretation
11.In this determination, unless the contrary intention appears:
“Determination Area” means the land and waters described in Schedule 1 and depicted on the maps at Schedule 2;
“Exclusive Area” means those lands and waters of the Determination Area described in Schedule 3 (which areas are generally shown as shaded green on the maps in Schedule 2);
“Native Title Holders” means the people described in Schedule 7 and referred to in paragraph 3;
“Native Title Act” means the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth);
“Non-Exclusive Area” means those lands and waters of the Determination Area which are not Exclusive Areas or described in paragraph 2 as an area where native title does not exist (which areas are generally shown as shaded yellow on the maps at Schedule 2);
“Other Interests” means the legal or equitable estates or interests and other rights in relation to the Determination Area described in Schedule 6 and referred to in paragraph 9;
“resources” means flora, fauna, and other natural resources such as charcoal, stone, soil, sand, clay, gravel, timber, resin and ochre (except, for the avoidance of doubt, ochres for use in the manufacture of porcelain, fine pottery or pigments which are minerals pursuant to the Mining Act 1904 (WA) (repealed)); and
“Titles Validation Act” means the Titles (Validation) and Native Title (Effect of Past Acts) Act 1995 (WA).
12.In the event of any inconsistency between the written description of an area in Schedule 1, Schedule 3, Schedule 4, Schedule 5 or Schedule 6 and the area as depicted on the maps at Schedule 2 the written description prevails.
SCHEDULE 1
DETERMINATION AREA
The Determination Area, generally shown as bordered in blue on the maps at Schedule 2, comprises all land and waters bounded by the following description:
All those lands and waters commencing at the southernmost southwestern corner of Native Title Determination WAD460/2018 Nangaanya-ku (Part A) (WCD2021/009) also being a point on the boundary of the Goldfields Representative Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Body (RATSIB) area boundary and extending generally southerly, westerly and generally southwesterly along the boundaries of that RATSIB area to the intersection with the southernmost boundary of the southwestern severance of Pastoral Lease N049526 (Pinjin); Then westerly and northerly along the boundaries of that severance to Latitude 30.281870 South; Then generally northwesterly and generally westerly through the following coordinate points:
Latitude (South) Longitude (East) 30.278360 122.354671 30.271750 122.330547 30.262060 122.308268 30.248280 122.283052 30.234628 122.254271 30.219087 122.224528 30.205928 122.195646 30.188601 122.169120 30.168137 122.137309 30.152313 122.109649 30.132581 122.081248 30.120147 122.055797 30.113197 122.041967 30.103451 122.027152 30.091895 122.007215 30.082175 121.990428 30.067147 121.964549 30.059749 121.953366 30.046785 121.938039 30.031052 121.924045 30.011542 121.911956 29.990536 121.904526 29.976834 121.892170 29.962039 121.868318 29.956367 121.860222 29.949835 121.847954 29.948770 121.847274 29.956514 121.822230 29.966637 121.778603 29.964601 121.723218 29.971473 121.701902 29.975950 121.614998 29.973285 121.540378 29.976352 121.478466 29.975415 121.426902
Then westerly to a point within the Comet Vale Townsite at Latitude 29.940025 South, Longitude 121.126441 East; Then westerly to the intersection of the centreline of the Goldfields Highway with Latitude 29.939912 South; Then generally northwesterly along the centreline of that highway to the intersection with a southeastern boundary of Menzies Townsite also being a point on the present boundary of Native Title Determination WAD142/2018 Darlot (WCD2018/005); Then generally southwesterly, generally northwesterly and generally northeasterly along the boundaries of that native title determination to the intersection of a line joining the southernmost southeastern corner of Lot 35 as shown on Deposited Plan 238402 (Pastoral Lease N049822 (Nambi)) to the northern corner of Lot 21 as shown on Deposited Plan 220928 (Pastoral Lease N050241 (Melita)) with a line joining Latitude 28.789849 South, Longitude 121.799120 East and Latitude 28.786713 South, Longitude 121.811331 East; Then generally northeasterly through the following coordinate points:
Latitude (South) Longitude (East) 28.786713 121.811331 28.781327 121.838595 28.781251 121.838980 28.771212 121.882939 28.765879 121.904615 28.763258 121.916109 28.761066 121.925577 28.758778 121.933731 28.756060 121.943910 28.753771 121.952064 28.751529 121.960874 28.749810 121.968973 28.746948 121.977180 28.744752 121.986645 28.741505 121.997533 28.737687 122.008474 28.734392 122.018703 28.730618 122.030299
Then northeasterly to the intersection of the centreline of the Laverton-Leonora Road with Latitude 28.730116 South; Then generally northeasterly along the centreline of that road to Latitude 28.641533 South; Then generally northwesterly through the following coordinate points:
Latitude (South) Longitude (East) 28.637922 122.151359 28.628544 122.146526 28.622650 122.143684 28.611110 122.138681 28.591617 122.129536
Then northwesterly to the intersection of the southern boundary of Pastoral Lease N049714 (Erlistoun) with Longitude 122.085667 East; Then easterly and northerly along the boundaries of that pastoral lease to the intersection with the northeastern boundary of Dedicated Road No. 9468 (Erlistoun Road); Then generally southeasterly along the eastern boundaries of that dedicated road to the intersection with a northwestern boundary of Beria Townsite; Then northeasterly, southeasterly, again northeasterly and again southeasterly along the boundary of that townsite to the intersection with the centreline of the Great Central Road; Then generally northeasterly along the centreline of that road to the intersection with a southern boundary of Native Title Determination WAD297/2008, WAD498/2011, WAD303/2013 Yilka, Yilka #2 and Sullivan Family (WCD2017/005); Then easterly, southerly, again easterly, southeasterly, again southerly and again easterly along the boundaries of that native title determination to the intersection with a northwestern corner of Native Title Determination WAD460/2018 Nangaanya-ku (Part A) (WCD2021/009); Then generally southerly along the boundaries of that native title determination back to the commencement point.
Note: Geographic Coordinates provided in Decimal Degrees.
All referenced Deposited Plans and Diagrams are held by the Western Australian Land Information Authority, trading as Landgate.
Goldfields Highway and Laverton-Leonora Road Centrelines sourced from Landgate’s Road Centreline dataset as at 7 May 2023.
Great Central Road data sourced from © Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2008.
Representative Aboriginal/Torres Strait Island Body (RATSIB) areas sourced from National Native Title Tribunal as at 16 January 2023.
Cadastral boundaries sourced from Landgate’s Spatial Cadastral Database dated 28 September 2022.
For the avoidance of doubt the application excludes any land and waters already claimed by:
Native Title Determination WAD142/2018 Darlot (WCD2022/002) as Determined in the Federal Court on the 5 July 2022.
Native Title Determination WAD297/2008, WAD498/2011, WAD303/2013 Yilka, Yilka #2 and Sullivan Family (WCD2017/005) as Determined in the Federal Court on the 27 September 2017.
Native Title Determination WAD460/2018 Nangaanya-ku (Part A) (WCD2021/009) as Determined in the Federal Court on the 29 November 2021.
Native Title Determination Application WAD281/2020 Upurli Upurli Nguratja (WC2020/004) as accepted for registration 22 January 2021.
Native Title Determination Application WAD297/2020 Kakarra Part A (WC2020/005) as accepted for registration 3 March 2021.
Native Title Determination Application WAD298/2020 Kakarra Part B (WC2020/006) as accepted for registration 17 March 2021.
Native Title Determination Application WAD597/2018 Tjalkadjara (WC2018/025) as Filed in the Federal Court on the 17 December 2018.
Datum: Geocentric Datum of Australia 2020 (GDA2020)
PreparedBy: Graphic Services (Landgate) 10 May 2023
Use of Coordinates:
Where coordinates are used within the description to represent cadastral or topographical boundaries or the intersection with such, they are intended as a guide only. As an outcome to the custodians of cadastral and topographic data continuously recalculating the geographic position of their data based on improved survey and data maintenance procedures, it is not possible to accurately define such a position other than by detailed ground survey.
SCHEDULE 2
MAPS OF THE DETERMINATION AREA
SCHEDULE 3
EXCLUSIVE AREAS
Areas where native title comprises the rights set out in paragraph 4
Native title comprises the rights and interests set out in paragraph 4 of the determination in relation to the following areas (which areas are generally shown as shaded green on the maps at Schedule 2):
1. Reserves
The following reserves:
Reserve No. Current / Last Purpose 19837 Use and Benefit of Aborigines (Mt Margaret) 24830 Use and Benefit of Aboriginal Inhabitants (Wongatha Wonganarra) 38662 Use and Benefit of Aboriginal Inhabitants (Laverton Hostel)
2. Unallocated Crown Land
The following portions of unallocated Crown land (UCL):
MapInfo ID. Description UCL 0001 Lake Carey UCL UCL 0005 (part) Lake Carey UCL, being that portion of UCL 0005 not subject to mining lease M 39/0560 UCL 0006 (part) Lake Raeside / Ponton Creek UCL, being that portion of UCL 0006 not subject to miscellaneous licences L 39/185 and L 39/262 UCL 0010 (part) Ex Arcoona UCL, being that portion of UCL 0010 not subject to subject to mining lease M 31/0295 and miscellaneous licences L 28/24, L 28/42 and L 28/54 UCL 0013 (part) Lake Rebecca UCL, being that portion of UCL 0013 not subject to mining lease M 31/0273 UCL 0014 (part) Lake Carey UCL, being that portion of UCL 0014 not subject to mining lease M 39/0444 UCL 0015 Lake Goongarrie UCL 0018 Ex Arcoona UCL UCL 0022 (part) Lake Carey UCL, being that portion of UCL 0022 not subject to miscellaneous licence L 39/272 UCL 0023 Ex Arcoona UCL UCL 0024 Lake Carey UCL UCL 0030 (part) Niagara UCL, being that portion of UCL 0030 not subject to mining lease M 40/0117 UCL 0036 (part) Lake Rebecca UCL, being that portion of UCL 0036 not subject to miscellaneous licences L31/041, L 31/045 and L31/066 UCL 0037 Niagara UCL UCL 0042 (part) Burtville / Coglia UCL, being that portion of UCL 0042 not subject to:
· mining leases M 38/0008, M 38/0009, M 38/0067, M 38/0073, M 38/0089, M 38/0261, M38/0984, M 39/0138, M 39/0139, M 39/0185, M 39/0262 and M 39/1088;
· miscellaneous licences L 38/056, L 38/090, L 38/100, L 38/120, L 38/123, L 38/163, L38/164, L 38/165, L 38/168, L 38/171, L38/173, L38/185, L38/188, L 39/124, L 39/163, L 39/214, L 39/225, L 39/226, L 39/232 and L 39/233; and
· general purpose lease G 38/033
UCL 0046 (part) Lake Carey UCL, being that portion of UCL 0046 not subject to mining lease M 39/0558 and miscellaneous licence L 39/152 UCL 0050 (part) Ex Arcoona UCL, being that portion of UCL 0050 not subject to mining leases M 31/0220, M 31/0295 and M 31/0311 UCL 0051 (part) Lake Rebecca UCL, being that portion of UCL 0051 not subject to mining leases M 31/0273 and M 31/0274 and miscellaneous licence L 31/041 UCL 0054 Ex Arcoona UCL UCL 0057 (part) Lake Carey UCL, being that portion of UCL 0057 not subject to mining leases M 39/0380, M 39/0391 and M 39/0444 UCL 0059 Ex Arcoona UCL UCL 0060 (part) Lake Raeside / Ponton Creek UCL, being that portion of UCL 0060 not subject to mining lease M 31/0481 and miscellaneous licences L 31/041 and L 39/128 UCL 0062 (part) Lake Carey UCL, being that portion of UCL 0062 not subject to mining leases M 38/1136 and M 38/1280 UCL 0064 Ex Arcoona UCL UCL 0067 Lake Rebecca UCL UCL 0069 (part) Mt Margaret UCL, being that portion of UCL 0069 not subject to mining lease M 39/1129 UCL 0077 Lake Goongarrie UCL 0091 (part) Burtville / Coglia UCL, being that portion of UCL 0091 not subject to:
· mining leases M 38/0261, M 38/0968, M 38/1056, M 38/1057 and M 38/1058; and
· miscellaneous licences L 38/052, L 38/054, L 38/055, L 38/056, L 38/063, L 38/120, L 38/123, L 38/164 and L 38/171
UCL 0097 (part) Lake Goongarrie UCL, being that portion of UCL 0097 not subject to mining lease M 29/0095 and miscellaneous licence L 29/069
SCHEDULE 4
AREAS WHERE THE NATIVE TITLE DOES NOT EXIST
Paragraph 2
Native title does not exist in relation to land and waters the subject of the following interests within the Determination Area which, with the exception of public works (as described in clause 7 of this Schedule), are generally shown as shaded in pink on the maps at Schedule 2.
For the avoidance of doubt, the non-existence of native title is not necessarily a result of the grant or creation of these interests.
1.Freeholds
The following grants of estates in fee simple:
Certificate of Title
3117AA/0460
CT0007700119
CT0007700121
CT0007700191
CT0007700199
CT0007700200
CT0008100003
CT0008100004
CT0008100005
CT0008100006
CT0008100056
CT0008100067
CT0008100068
CT0008100070
CT0008100071
CT0008100072
CT0008100073
CT0008100075
CT0008100076
CT0008100153
CT0008100155
CT0008100157
CT0008100158
CT0008100159
CT0008400194
CT0008500019
CT0008500020
CT0008500020
CT0008500117
CT0008500118
CT0008500119
CT0008500120
CT0008500121
CT0008500122
CT0008500125
CT0008500179
CT0008800044
CT0008800045
CT0008800046
CT0008800047
CT0008800098
CT0008800100
CT0008800111
CT0008800112
CT0008800113
CT0008800114
CT0008800116
CT0008800121
CT0008800122
CT0008800123
CT0008900002
CT0009500027
CT0009500041
CT0009500042
CT0009500118
CT0009700042
CT0009900089
CT0009900090
CT0009900123
CT0010100124
CT0010900038
CT0010900039
CT0010900147
CT0010900148
CT0011000033
CT0011000192
CT0011000193
CT0011200087
CT0011200088
CT0011200105
CT0011900063
CT0011900079
CT0011900145
CT0012000121
CT0012100053
CT0012100120
CT0012200023
CT0012200124
CT0012200169
CT0012300046
CT0012500024
CT0012500141
CT0012500191
CT0012500192
CT0012600062
CT0012600120
CT0012600121
CT0012600174
CT0012700030
CT0012700032
CT0012700033
CT0012700086
CT0012700099
CT0012700147
CT0012700174
CT0012700185
CT0012700192
CT0013400105
CT0014600057
CT0015700174
CT0016700016
CT0016700032
CT0016700074
CT0016700097
CT0016700100
CT0016700102
CT0016700105
CT0016700137
CT0016700181
CT0017000040
CT0017300130
CT0017300155
CT0017300156
CT0017300162
CT0017500083
CT0017600012
CT0017600111
CT0017600113
CT0017600162
CT0017600174
CT0017600175
CT0017600176
CT0017600187
CT0017900046
CT0017900123
CT0017900124
CT0017900137
CT0018200010
CT0018200011
CT0018200012
CT0018200013
CT0018200014
CT0018200015
CT0018200041
CT0018200043
CT0018200051
CT0018200060
CT0018200078
CT0018200188
CT0018300193
CT0018600067
CT0018600068
CT0018900014
CT0018900107
CT0019200011
CT0019200104
CT0019200105
CT0019300110
CT0019400002
CT0019400102
CT0019600047
CT0019600095
CT0019600183
CT0019800085
CT0019900046
CT0019900047
CT0019900048
CT0019900049
CT0019900050
CT0019900052
CT0019900053
CT0019900054
CT0019900055
CT0019900056
CT0019900059
CT0019900060
CT0019900061
CT0019900063
CT0019900191
CT0019900196
CT0019900197
CT0020000087
CT0020200137
CT0020200173
CT0020300181
CT0020300182
CT0020400124
CT0020400171
CT0020500015
CT0020500077
CT0020500153
CT0020600089
CT0020700010
CT0020700011
CT0020700012
CT0020700016
CT0020700050
CT0020700057
CT0020800067
CT0020800114
CT0020800115
CT0020800116
CT0020800117
CT0020800118
CT0020800118
CT0020800120
CT0020800122
CT0020800123
CT0020800124
CT0020800125
CT0020800126
CT0020800131
CT0020800132
CT0020800133
CT0020900087
CT0020900092
CT0020900093
CT0021000072
CT0021000072
CT0021000074
CT0021000075
CT0021000076
CT0021000077
CT0021000079
CT0021000080
CT0021000081
CT0021100044
CT0021100060
CT0021100077
CT0021100084
CT0021100088
CT0021200046
CT0021300042
CT0021300107
CT0021300108
CT0021300109
CT0021300110
CT0021300124
CT0021300125
CT0021300126
CT0021300127
CT0021300128
CT0021300138
CT0021400080
CT0021400081
CT0021400124
CT0021400125
CT0021500020
CT0021500021
CT0021500023
CT0021500027
CT0021500196
CT0021500197
CT0021500198
CT0021600020
CT0021600021
CT0021600022
CT0021600023
CT0021600169
CT0021600170
CT0021800013
CT0021900084
CT0021900085
CT0021900086
CT0021900087
CT0021900171
CT0022000065
CT0022000066
CT0022000067
CT0022000068
CT0022000068
CT0022000069
CT0022000071
CT0022000073
CT0022000074
CT0022000074
CT0022000075
CT0022000076
CT0022000078
CT0022000092
CT0022000150
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CT0283300396
CT0283300397
CT0286300802
CT0288200306
CT0291000329
CT0291000330
CT0293200417
CT0295000248
GT0001100151
GT0001200125
GT0002300328
P222795 55
P222846 1
P222846 16
P222846 54
P222846 55
P222850 386
S046035
2.Reserves
The following reserves:
Reserve No. Current / Last Purpose 03003 Water 03381 Water 03382 Water 03386 Water 03387 Water 03388 Water 03389 Water 03390 Water 03391 Water 03819 Housing (formerly subject to CT0008100070, CT0008100158, CT0011900063, CT0021500027 and CT0091400131) 03961 Water 03973 Recreation 04095 Hospital and Allied Purposes 04378 Recreation 04592 Recreation 05062 Recreation and Waterway. 05063 Water 05064 Water 05108 School Site (subject to a public work) 05109 Recreation 05175 (part)[1] Commonage (formerly subject to RL 970/41A) 05483 Travellers and Stock (formerly subject to RL 332/01736) 05489 (part)[2] Public Utility 05491 Public Utility (formerly subject to portion of the Menzies - Leonora Railway) 05493 Public Utility (formerly subject to portion of the Menzies - Leonora Railway) 05579 Water 05580 Water 05581 Water 05582 Water 05583 Water 05584 Water 05602 Mechanics Institute 05866 Water 05867 Water 06259 Commonage (formerly subject to RL 332/2000, currently subject to RL N206353) 06346 Use and Requirements of the Shire of Menzies 06561 Water 06562 Water 06615 Water 06755 Recreation 06882 Common 06883 Commonage (formerly subject to RL 1121/41A) 07030 Water 07140 Water 07248 Church of England (formerly subject to RL 0279/42. Currently subject to GE H153937) 07392 Racecourse (formerly subject RL 332/2153) 07420 Hospital and Allied Purposes (subject to a public work) 07523 Explosives 07560 Common (formerly subject to RL 332/1787, RL 332 /1799 and RL 332/2077, currently subject to RL N586314 and RL O125782) 07576 Sanitary Depot 07638 Recreation 07766 Municipal Endowment (formerly subject to RL 0281/42) 07841 Recreation 07933 Explosives 07943 Aerial Landing Ground 07962 Recreation and Racecourse (formerly subject to CT0025600146) 07981 Explosives Magazine 08014 Mechanics Institute 08037 Recreation 08050 Common (formerly subject to RL 332/1735. Currently subject to GE O916883) 08080 Recreation 08386 Mineral Processing 08451 Water 08561 Rifle Range (Rifle Club) (formerly subject to RL 0532/42) 08642 Water 08643 Water 08752 Recreation Ground 09116 Manse (Presbyterian Church) (formerly portion of CT0018200188) 09135 Explosives Magazine 09438 (part)[3] Sanitary Stables 09834 Water 09837 Explosives 10051 Mechanics Institute 10255 Mineral Processing 11295 Mineral Processing 11319 Railway 11353 Recreation 11609 Water 11761 Water (formerly subject to RL 332/2077) 13500 Explosives 14806 Rifle Range (formerly subject to RL 0469/42) 14807 Water Supply 15521 Rifle Range (formerly subject to RL 0525/42) 15586 Water 16046 Rifle Range (formerly subject to RL 0556/42) 16100 Water 16101 Water 16417 Water 17287 Water 17325 (part)[4] Common (portion formerly subject to RL 332/1327) 17431 Water 20179 Water 20944 Cemetery (formerly portion of RL 970/41A) 23820 Water 27808 Parking 30029 Quarry (formerly portion of the Malcolm - Laverton Railway) 30076 Municipal Depot and Water 30879 Housing 31668 Water Supply 32312 Caravan Park 32432 Rubbish Disposal Site 33001 Police 33086 For the Purposes of the School Education Act 1999 (subject to a public work) 33176 Shire Depot Site 33324 Police 33787 Recreation 33841 Recreation 33933 Water Supply 34109 Water Supply 34151
(historical area)[5]Park 34152
(historical area)[6]Park 34208 Sewerage Treatment Works and Access 34628 Railway Housing 34883 Pre School Centre and Infant Health Centre 35637 National Park (Goongarrie) 35851 Use and Requirements of the Shire of Laverton 36687 Recreation (Golf Course) 37247 Recreation (Speedway / Pistol Club) 37425 Recreation (Scramble Track) 38055 Housing (Department of Hospital and Allied Services) 38437 Housing (formerly subject to CT0008100157) 38673 Aquatic Centre 39369 Shire Housing 39449 Community Purposes 39450 Church Site 40600 Pedestrian Access Way 40601
(historical area)[7]Pedestrian Access Way 40602 Pedestrian Access Way 40603 Pedestrian Access Way 40604 Pedestrian Access Way 40605 Pedestrian Access Way 40606
(historical area)[8]Pedestrian Access Way 40801 Water Supply 40885 Ambulance Depot 41021 Parkland and Recreation 41269 Ambulance Depot 42483 Radio Mast (Westrail) 42847 Repeater Station Site 43074 Repeater Station Site 43096 Repeater Station Site 44022 Park and Recreation 44453 Parking 44767 Sewerage Pumping Station (formerly subject to portion of Historical Road 07 and portion of Reserve 30076) 45177 Heritage Trail (subject to a resumption under the Land Acquisition and Public Works Act 1902 (WA)) 46847 Conservation of Flora and Fauna (formerly subject to a portion of Reserve 05062) 46969 Picnic and Historical Machinery Site (formerly subject to CT0008500122, CT0008500121 and CT0008500118) 47341 Heritage Building Site (formerly subject to SL 3116/08233) 49393 Water (formerly portion of Reserve 05064) 50347 Water Treatment Plant (formerly subject to RL 332/01736) 50507 Railway Purposes (formerly subject to portion of RLWY 01) 50510 Shire Housing (subject to Taking Order L220976) 50513 Office and Accommodation (formerly subject to portion of Reserve 06346) 51187 Common (formerly subject to RL 332/1796) 51263 Park (formerly subject to CT0008100068) 51320 Shire Housing (formerly subject to CT0021300124, CT0045000052, CT0103900751 & CT0016700105) 51827 Municipal Purposes (formerly subject to CT0024700179) [1] Being that current and/or historical area of Reserve 05175 over which extinguishment has not been disregarded pursuant to section 47A of the Native Title Act).
[2] Being that part formerly subject to a portion of the Menzies - Leonora Railway.
[3] Being that part formerly subject to Residential Lease 21/3632.
[4] Being that part formerly subject to RL 332/1327.
[5] Being the historical extent of Reserve 34151 as vested on 6 August 1976 pursuant to section 33 of the Land Act 1933 (WA) and depicted in the MapInfo Tenure Information prepared by the Western Australian Land Information Authority dated 30 April 2021.
[6] Being the historical extent of Reserve 34152 as vested on 6 August 1976 pursuant to section 33 of the Land Act 1933 (WA) and depicted in the MapInfo Tenure Information prepared by the Western Australian Land Information Authority dated 30 April 2021.
[7] Being the historical extent of Reserve 40601 as vested on 9 September 1988 pursuant to section 33 of the Land Act 1933 (WA) and depicted in the MapInfo Tenure Information prepared by the Western Australian Land Information Authority dated 30 April 2021.
[8] Being the historical extent of Reserve 40606 as vested on 19 August 1988 pursuant to section 33 of the Land Act 1933 (WA) and depicted in the MapInfo Tenure Information prepared by the Western Australian Land Information Authority dated 30 April 2021.
3.Leases
The following leases:
Lease No. Current / Last Purpose GE J532703 Sporting Club (formerly subject to SL 3116/09234) GE J759284 (part)[9] Storage and Access GE J929932 Contractors Accommodation (formerly subject to portion of Reserve 30076) GE L615838 Industrial (formerly subject to portion of Reserve 34152) GE M106297 Grazing and Stock Watering (formerly subject to Reserve 03385) GE M707239 Installation, inspection, maintenance, construction, excavation, replacement, repair, renewal, alteration, upgrade, cleaning, operation, removal and access to and from the facility as defined in the Telecommunications Act 1997 (Cth) (formerly subject to CT0023500094) GE N011569 Residence (subject to Taking Order H253655) GE N167797 Ecclesiastical purposes in connection with Baptist Union of Western Australia Incorporated GE N168633 Ecclesiastical purposes in connection with the Church of England GE N170457 Ecclesiastical purposes in connection with the Church of Christ GE N286073 Grazing and Woolshed (formerly subject to SL 3116/03954 and SL 3116/00472) GE N526997 Grazing (formerly RL 332/2099) GE O027030 Contractors Accommodation (formerly subject to portion of Reserve 30076) GE O113847 Residence and Storage (formerly subject to GE I134907 (SL 3116/11812)) SL 0218/152 Nobel's Explosive Company SL 0221/152 Nobel's Explosive Company SL 0412/152 Nobel's Explosive Company SL 1062/152 Slaughtering House and Farm SL 0241/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 0241/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 0662/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 0662/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 0920/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 0920/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 1912/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 1912/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 1914/153 Lease of a Town or Suburban Lot SL 2584/153 Lease of a Town or Suburban Lot SL 2640/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 2640/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3342/153 Lease of a Town or Suburban Lot SL 3445/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3445/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3465/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3465/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3498/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3498/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3537/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3537/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3568/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3568/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3606/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3606/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3656/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3656/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3680/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3680/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3739/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3739/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3763/153 Lease of a Town or Suburban Lot SL 3769/153 Lease of a Town or Suburban Lot SL 3770/153 Lease of a Town or Suburban Lot SL 3791/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3791/153 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3116/03008 Residential Lot SL 3116/06641 Residence (portion now GE L277926) SL 3116/09832 Buildings, Storage and Parking SL 3116/09833 Tailings Dam SL 3116/10496 Residence and Storage SL 3116/10529 Residential SL 3117/1178 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3117/1178 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3117/2311 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot SL 3117/2311 Lease of a Town or a Suburban Lot 21/2893 Residential Lease 21/3632 Residential Lease 0218/22 Residential Lease [9] Being that part formerly subject to Reserve 34151 (being portion of former Lot 3001 on DP 47991).
4.Roads
The following dedicated roads, roads set aside, taken or resumed or roads which are to be considered public works (as that expression is defined in the Native Title Act and the Titles Validation Act):
MapInfo ID. Description Shown on Road 001 Various roads in Beria Townsite CPP 503734 Road 002 Various roads in Burtville Townsite CPP 503943 Road 003 Various roads in Comet Vale CPP 504051 & CPP 504052 Road 004 Various roads in Eulaminna CPP 504236 Road 005 Various roads in Euro CPP 504237 Road 006 Various roads in Linden CPP 504647 Road 007 Various roads in Menzies CPP 504722 & CPP 510065 Road 008 Various roads in Mount Margaret CPP 504788 Road 009 Portions of Allanson Street and Prince Street CPP 504791 Road 010 Various roads in Murrin Murrin CPP 504824 Road 011 Various roads in Yerilla CPP 505349 & CPP 505348 Road 012 Various roads in Yunndaga CPP 505373 Road 013 Road between Euro and Black Swan CPP 502952, DP 232702 & DP 232703 Road 014 Portion of Menzies - Mulline Road deviation DP 103379 Road 015 Various roads in Mount Morgans DP107049 Road 016 Portion of Robinson Street DP 129085 Road 017 Portion of Spence Street DP 170387 Road 018 Portions of Crawford Street, Cox Street and Beria Road DP 188636 Road 019 Portion of Crusoe Road GG 12/11/1993 &
DP 188942Road 020 Portion of Morgans Street DP 189308 Road 021 Portion of Augusta Street (Lot 500) DP 189568 Road 022 Various roads in Laverton DP 213360 Road 023 Various roads in Laverton DP 213361 Road 024 Lot 400 (formerly CT0152000752) DP 213361 Road 025 Various roads in Laverton DP 213362 Road 026 Various roads in Laverton DP 213363 Road 027 Leahy Close, Mikado Way and portion of Phoenix Street DP 216545 Road 047 Various roads in Laverton DP 217786 Road 048 Hill Street and Alderstone Street DP 217794 Road 049 Lot 74 on DP 218826 GG 27/10/1899, DP 218826 & CPP 502919 Road 050 Portion of the Goldfields Highway GG 03/07/1970, GG 15/12/1995, MRWA Plans 7022- 65 to 71, MRWA Plans 9522- 094 to 096 & DP 220589 Road 051 Various roads in Kookynie DP 222717 Road 052 Various roads in Kookynie DP 222718 Road 053 Various roads in Kookynie DP 222719 Road 054 Various roads in Kookynie DP 222720 Road 055 Various roads in Kookynie DP 222721 Road 056 Various roads in Mt Morgans DP 222846 & Keysheet Plan of Mt Morgans Road 057 Various roads in Mt Morgans DP 222847 & Keysheet Plan of Mt Morgans Road 058 Various roads in Mt Morgans DP 222848 & Keysheet Plan of Mt Morgans Road 059 Various roads in Mt Morgans DP 222849 & Keysheet Plan of Mt Morgans Road 060 Various roads in Mt Morgans DP 222846 & Keysheet Plan of Mt Morgans Road 061 Various roads in Mt Morgans DP 222846 & Keysheet Plan of Mt Morgans Road 062 Various roads in Niagara DP 222902 & CPP 504887 Road 063 Various roads in Tampa DP 223142 & CPP 505162 Road 064 Various roads in Yarri DP 223241 & CPP 505344 Road 065 Various roads in Yundamindera DP 223269 & CPP 505370 Road 066 Various roads in Yundamindera DP 223270 & CPP 505370 Road 067 Portion of Niagara - Yerilla Road DP 226421 & CPP 502912 Road 068 Unnamed road DP 227973 Road 069 Portion of Niagara - Mt Margaret Road DP 227989 & CPP 502952 Road 070 Portion of Laverton Road DP 238645 & DP 242307 (04) Road 071 Mount Street DP 34225, DP 222847 & Keysheet Plan of Mt Morgans Road 072 Portion of Creation Street (Lot 368) (formerly portion of Reserve 34152) DP 40302 Road 074 Lot 3000 on DP 46656 DP 46656, CPP 504722 & CPP 510065 Road 075 Portion of Cox Street (Lot 300) (formerly portion of Reserve 34151 and subject to Taking Order H570074) DP 47991 Road 078 (part)[10] Portion of Yarri Road (Lots 500 and 501) DP 65988 Road 079 Portion of Yarri Road (Lots 502 and 504) DP 65989 Road 085 Unnamed road GG 01/07/1997 & Plan 19085 Road 086 Road No. 10527 GG 01/08/1947, GG 22/08/1947 & CPP 502918 Road 087 Road No. 9212 GG 01/09/1933, GG 29/09/1933 & Diagram 74084 Road 088 Road No. 2318 GG 02/11/1906, CPP 502909, CPP 502916 & CPP 501513 Road 089 Road No. 4709 (Yundamindera to Linden) GG 03/10/1913, DP 226429, CPP 502959 & CPP 502917 Road 090 Road No. 989 GG 06/04/1900 &
CPP 505509Road 091 Road No. 1729 (Bates Street, Burtville) GG 06/05/1904, GG 16/09/1904, Plan of Road between Burtville and Black Swan & CPP 505509 Road 092 Road No. 1728 GG 06/05/1904, GG 07/10/1904 & CPP 502960 Road 093 Road No. 1318 GG 07/11/1902,
GG 24/01/1902, Diagram 6055 & CPP 505509Road 094 Road No. 947 (Regazettal of part) GG 08/04/1971, DP 210649 & DP 210650 Road 095 Road No.19009 (Racecourse Road) GG 09/01/1998 &
DP 189569Road 096 Road No. 2145 GG 09/05/1906 &
CPP 502912Road 097 Road No. 9464 GG 12/04/1935, GG 18/04/1935 & CPP 502960 Road 098 Road No. 3899 (Extension) GG 12/04/1935, GG 18/04/1935, CPP 502960 & CPP 502965 Road 099 Road No. 9462 GG 12/04/1935, GG 18/04/1935, CPP 502960 & CPP 502965 Road 100 Road No. 9465 GG 12/04/1935, GG 18/04/1935, CPP 502960 & Plan of Laverton to Lancefield Road Road 101 Road No. 9468 GG 12/04/1935, GG 18/04/1935, CPP 502959 & Reserve Plan 324 Road 102 Road No. 9463 GG 12/04/1935, GG 18/04/1935 & CPP 502964 Road 103 Road No. 2957 GG 13/12/1907 &
CPP 501675Road 104 Road No. 9462 (Regazettal) GG 14/11/1975 &
DP 213034Road 105 Road No. 3076 GG 15/05/1908 &
CPP 502962Road 106 Road No. 2929 (Extension) GG 16/03/1934, GG 29/03/1934 & CPP 502919 Road 107 Portion of Road No. 9212 and Walsh Street GG 17/04/1970 & Diagram 74084 Road 108 Road No. 957 GG 17/11/1899, CPP 502959 & CPP 502917 Road 109 Road No. 7529 GG 18/06/1926, GG 25/06/1926 & CPP 502918 Road 110 Road No. 7528 GG 18/06/1926, GG 25/06/1926 & CPP 502917 Road 111 Road No. 18192 (Lot 423 on DP 213360) GG 19/10/1990 & DP 213360 Road 112 Road No. 914 (Bardoc to Yerilla Road) GG 20/10/1899, CPP 502917, Edjudina Map 1:250 000 (SH 51-6 Zone 2), Reserve Plan 338 & DP 226420 Road 113 Road No. 912 GG 20/10/1899 &
CPP 505508Road 114 Road No. 1295 GG 20/12/1901, CPP 502959 & CPP 502917 Road 115 Road No. 15587 GG 21/01/1977 & Laverton Map 1:250,000 (SH 51-2 Edition 1 Series R 502) Road 116 Road No. 15588 GG 21/01/1977, DP 217794, Reserve Plan 221 & Laverton Map 1:250,000 (SH 51-2 Edition 1 Series R 502) Road 117 Road No. 2776 GG 21/06/1907, DP 226428, CPP 502917 & CPP 502909 Road 118 Road No. 10041 GG 26/01/1940, GG 19/04/1940, CPP 502960 & CPP 502961 Road 119 Road No. 9462 (Widening and Deviation) GG 27/02/1981 &
DP 214686Road 120 Road No. 949 GG 27/10/1899 &
CPP 502919Road 121 Road No. 947 (portion of the Goldfields Highway) GG 27/10/1899 &
CPP 502918Road 122 Road No. 2134 GG 29/12/1905 &
CPP 502958Road 123 Road No. 2318 (Extension) GG 30/04/1909 &
CPP 501515Road 124 Road No. 2929 (Extension) GG 30/07/1926, GG 06/08/1926 & CPP 502919 Road 125 Road No. 947 (Deviation) (portion of the Goldfields Highway) GG 31/10/1924, GG 07/11/1924 & CPP 502917 Road 126 Road No. 9462 (Deviation) GG 21/12/1982 Closed Road 01 Portion of Road No. 9462 GG 12/04/1935, GG 18/04/1935, GG 31/12/1982, CPP 502960 & Misc Plan 1204 Closed Road 02 Portion of Wirannie Street DP 222902 & CPP 504887 Closed Road 03 Portion of Cable Street and Erlistoun Street Diagram 60650, CPP 504626, CPP 504627 & Laverton Townsite Map (Sheet 2000 CH43 / 04.34) Closed Road 04 Portion of Pirie Street DP 222902 & CPP 504887 Closed Road 05 Portion of Waterfall Street DP 222902 & CPP 504887 Closed Road 06 Portion of Road No. 9464 GG 12/04/1935, GG 18/04/1935, GG 21/07/1992, CPP 502960 & Laverton Townsite Map (Sheet 2000 CH43 / 04.33) Closed Road 07 Portions of Burt Street and Margaret Street GG 25/11/1988, DP 222848 & Keysheet Plan of Mt Morgans Historical Road 01 Burt Street CPP 504626 Historical Road 02 Various unnamed roads in Laverton CPP 504626 Historical Road 03 Craiggie Street CPP 504626 Historical Road 04 Portion of Erlistoun Street CPP 504626 Historical Road 05 Portion of Laver Street CPP 504626 Historical Road 06 Unnamed road in Laverton CPP 504626 Historical Road 07 Portion of Erlistoun Street CPP 504626 Historical Road 08 Portion of Augusta Street Diagram 60648, CPP 504626 & CPP 504627 Historical Road 09 Cable Street Diagram 60650, CPP 504626 & CPP 504627 Historical Road 10 Portion of Weld and Laver Streets CPP 504626 & CPP 504627 Historical Road 11 Lancefield Street DP 222739, CPP 504626 & CPP 504627 Historical Road 12 Portion of Spence Street CPP 504626 & CPP 504627 Historical Road 13 Portion of Weld Street and Road No. 9465 Diagram 75664, CPP 504626 & CPP 504627 Historical Road 14 Portion of Spence Street CPP 504626 & CPP 504627 Historical Road 15 Portion of Beria Road (Road No. 9465) DP 175664 Historical Road 16 Portion of Laver Street and Shirley Street CPP 504626 & CPP 504627 Historical Road 19 Portion of Road No. 9465 (Weld Road) Plan 12120 Historical Road 21 Portion of Road No. 9462 GG 12/04/1935, GG 18/04/1935, GG 31/12/1982, CPP 502960, Misc Plan 1204
The tjukurrpa is a time when mythical creation beings (also termed tjukurrpa) acted and interacted on the earth. Tjukurrpa stories recount the travels of these creation beings across the landscape and their activities. These beings sometimes left traces of their presence in the landscape as they travelled across it, creating particular sites and features. For example, in 1959 Professor Ronald Berndt, anthropologist, identified 11 main tjukurrpa tracks that criss-crossed the Western Desert, mostly, though not invariably, following the known permanent and impermanent waterhole routes. Some tjukurrpa stories, such as the wati kutjera (Two Men) and Seven Sisters stories, extend beyond the WDCB.
Tjukurrpa informs and provides the basis for, and is the source of, WDCB laws and customs (the ‘Law’). The creation beings not only created the landscape — they were also the first to practice all laws and customs. The tjukurrpa is therefore a code to be followed. Tjukurrpa are ‘held’ by senior men (wati) and senior women who are appropriately inducted into the story, its ritual and its objects. Knowledge of tjukurrpa is distributed through a regional community of wati who come together for ceremonies. Smaller areas of country are thus integrated into a regional system and are not wholly independent of each other. As described by Dr Morton, the tjukurrpa can be understood as follows:
… The Dreaming is the ground of reality in the sense that things emerge from it into ‘reality’, ready to be seen; The Dreaming makes things ‘appear’. As Myers describes it, in line with everything described about thukurrpa by earlier writers such as Elkin and Berndt (see earlier in this report), The Dreaming now manifests itself by tracks and landscape features that were created (‘made visible’) by ‘mythological personages’ known as ‘totemic ancestors’. Moreover, things – not least of all people – continue to materialise this way from The Dreaming, since ‘conception and birth’ are ‘the emergence of an individual from the plane of The Dreaming onto the physical, phenomenal plane of existence’.
Further than that, The Dreaming is a ‘theory of everything’, since it ‘underlies every feature of [the] universe’, including what is known in Aboriginal English as ‘The Law’. One comprehensive Western Desert dictionary glosses ‘tjukurpa’ as both ‘Dreaming’ and ‘Law’, although its primary meaning appears as ‘story’ (which covers mythology as well as ‘unimportant stories’), and a tertiary meaning appears as ‘word’. The Dreaming, therefore, is a kind of story that Western Desert people tell themselves about themselves and their world, and notion of ‘Law’ emphasises the normative dimensions of such stories. Ancestral beings did not only guarantee the ‘reality’ of places, since they were also the first to practice[sic] all laws and customs within a specified legal and moral framework. The Dreaming as a whole is therefore also a code to be followed; as an inheritance, people follow their ancestors, who are The Dreaming. This ancestral ‘ascent’ was, in my opinion, the essence of local tradition in and about the NPC area.
The parties submit, that the tjukurrpa remains front and centre in the world of the contemporary Nyalpa Pirniku claim group, being both the foundation and the source of the traditional laws and customs of the WDCB — it determines how WDCB members, including those of the Nyalpa Pirniku claim group, interact with and relate to their country. The importance of the tjukurrpa, or thukurr, to Nyalpa Pirniku claimants is summarised in the Morton 2019 Report as follows:
During the recent research, I have not heard a single person deny the fundamental importance of thukurr. While some are more closely involved than others in the articulation of duties to the Law, acknowledgement of ancestral presence on country appears to be universal, in terms of both The Dreaming’s physical manifestations (‘sites’) and its spiritual powers. According to…a recently deceased senior wati, the thukurr contain ‘our DNA’
The Determination Area is defined by a number of tjukurrpa and other sites which are “held under varying degrees of restriction and control”. Relevantly, Dr Morton identified 18 tjukurrpa sites relevant to the Determination Area and stated he had witnessed sites within the Determination Area associated with 11 of the 18 tjukurrpa. Further, in Strickland, the Court recorded a number of tjukurrpa known to members of the Nyalpa Pirniku claim group within the Determination Area, including the wati kutjarra and warnampi (serpent) dreaming: Strickland at [631] – [638]. Some other places of significance to the Nyalpa Pirniku claim group within the Determination Area were also recorded in Strickland, including gender restricted sites, rock holes and cave paintings: Strickland at [650] – [652].
The Nyalpa Pirniku claim group have a responsibility to look after these tjukurrpa and other important places and “make sure that [they] are protected; that the stories [about them] are told; and that the sites themselves are looked after.” The Nyalpa Pirniku claim group still believe in the power of tjukurrpa and other spirits of the country to punish trespassers and “the need to be alert for the presence of [spiritual beings] as part of a suite of strategies to keep safe on country”. They thus have formal protocols that must be followed when approaching certain places or things and actively check on sites to ensure that they have not been damaged.
By way of final example, the parties submit that members of the Nyalpa Pirniku claim group also continue to maintain certain “increase sites” in the Determination Area and have an “ongoing ability to undertake ‘increase’ rites to breed up emu, red kangaroo and witchetty grubs” at those sites. Dr Morton also notes that sacred objects used in Law business are stored on the Determination Area and protected by the Nyalpa Pirniku claim group. Further that the Nyalpa Pirniku claim group also undertake activities in the nature of caring for country, such as cleaning rock holes.
Ongoing Connection to the Determination Area
The parties submit that the Nyalpa Pirniku claimants have maintained their connection to the Determination Area since c.1890. The parties submit that the Nyalpa Pirniku claim group maintain their connection to the land and waters in the Determination Area through:
(1)continuing to camp, fish, hunt and gather on their country on weekends and during holidays;
(2)accessing country and using the time on country to transmit cultural knowledge from their parents, grandparents and other relatives, both through stories and through example;
(3)being shown the country, what to do on it, and how to behave at certain places in order to show respect to the spiritual forces and thus remain safe on, and protect, the country;
(4)continuing to have knowledge of a large number of significant places in the Determination Area of religious, economic, social and historical importance including familiarity with their country and the customs and practices relating to the procuring of food, water, medicine and other materials; and
(5)hunting native game and collecting numerous edible or otherwise useful plants with the knowledge of how to find, get, prepare and use the natural resources of the country having been passed down through generations.
The parties also draw attention to the detailed description of the current connections of some contemporary Nyalpa Pirniku claim group members outlined in Strickland.
CONSIDERATION
For the reasons which follow, I find that the Court may make orders in accordance with the terms of the proposed consent determination, pursuant to ss 87(1A) and (2) of the NTA.
As a preliminary matter, I am satisfied that the Nyalpa Pirniku Applicants are authorised to bring this Application pursuant to s 61(1) of the NTA. Under, the NTA they jointly have the carriage of this application and pursuant to s 62A of the NTA are authorised to deal with all matters arising under the NTA in relation to this application, including entering into an agreement under s 87 of the NTA.
The Nyalpa Pirniku claim group met at Kalgoorlie on 19 September 2023. At that meeting they were informed of the proposed consent determination as reflected in the Consent Minute and confirmed the authorisation of the Applicants to consent to the Court making a determination in, or consistent with, the terms of the Consent Minute. They also authorised NTSG and the Applicants to do all things necessary to finalise the Determination.
I am satisfied that the Applicants are authorised to consent to the Court making a determination in, or consistent with, the terms of the Consent Minute.
The parties submit, and I accept that the agreement of the parties recorded in the s 87 agreement has been freely entered into on an informed basis. Further, that there is a credible basis for the proposed orders based on cogent evidence.
The Nyalpa Pirniku Applicants and the State are legally represented and have been at all material times during the course of the negotiations that culminated in the consent minute. All other parties have either obtained independent legal advice or had the opportunity to do so.
I am satisfied that each of the following requirements under s 87 of the NTA has been met:
(1)the period specified in the notice given under section 66 of the NTA has ended (s 87(1));
(2)there is an agreement for a proposed determination of native title in relation to the proceeding (s 87(1)(a));
(3)the terms of the proposed determination, in writing signed by or on behalf of all of the parties, has been filed with the Court in the form of the Consent Minute (ss 87(1)(aa),(b)); and
(4)the Court is satisfied that an order in, or consistent with, the Consent Minute would be within the power of the Court (section 87(1)(c)).
In relation to the Consent Minute, and for the avoidance of doubt, I note that since finalisation of the Consent Minute and it being provided to the parties for signature, a number of parties have ceased to be respondents to the proceeding. For that reason, the Consent Minute contains signature blocks (but no signatures) for Gibb River Diamonds Ltd, Kaili Gold Pty Ltd, Paul Crisp, Robert Donald Marsh and Menangina Pty Ltd. I am satisfied that these parties were not, at the time of the Consent Minute was filed, respondents to the proceeding.
The parties jointly submit, and I accept, that there is no reason why the Court should not be satisfied that an order consistent with the terms of the Consent Minute is within the power of the Court. First, the Application is valid. Secondly, the Consent Minute provides for a determination of native title in relation to an area for which there is no approved determination of native title (s 13(1)(a) of the NTA) and there remains no approved determination in relation to the area the subject of the proposed determination (s 68 of the NTA). Thirdly, there are no other extant proceedings before the Court relating to native title determination applications that cover any part of the area the subject of the proposed determination which would otherwise require orders to be made under section 67(1) of the NTA. Fourthly, the form of the proposed determination complies with ss 94A and 225 of the NTA and is otherwise consistent with the Court's findings in Strickland. Finally, as noted above I am satisfied that the requirements of s 87 of the NTA are met.
The issue then is whether, applying the principles identified above, it is appropriate to make orders in accordance with, or consistent with, the proposed determination embodied in the Consent Minute: s 87(1A) NTA. For the reasons which follow, I am satisfied that it is appropriate to do so.
The State has played an active role in the negotiation of the proposed consent determination and ensuring that the Consent Minute otherwise complies with the requirements of the NTA. In doing so, the State, acting on behalf of the community generally and having regard to the requirements of the NTA, has satisfied itself that the determination is justified in all the circumstances.
As noted above, in this proceeding there is a large body of evidence in relation to the Nyalpa Pirniku claim group’s connection to, and occupation of, the land and waters of the Determination Area. The Court’s consideration of, and findings in relation to, the evidentiary material is recorded in a publicly accessible form in the Court’s decision in Strickland. The proposed consent determination reflects those findings and is informed by the parties’ acceptance of those findings. In addition, the evidence given by some of the Nyalpa Pirniku Applicants in the Wongatha Determination proceeding is relevant to, and also provides support for, the proposed consent determination.
Some matters covered by the proposed consent determination were not the subject of specific findings of the Court in Strickland. Those matters have been subsequently agreed in mediation. The State considers that the connection material provided by the Applicants is sufficient to demonstrate that in respect of the Determination Area, the Application has a “credible or cogent basis”. Further, that members of the Nyalpa Pirniku claim group are each respectively bound together by a normative system of laws and customs which, on the basis of known fact and reasonable inference, has continued to be observed by its members in a substantially uninterrupted manner since prior to the declaration of sovereignty over Western Australia. The parties jointly submit that members of the Nyalpa Pirniku claim group have maintained a physical presence in their respective part of the Determination Area since the acquisition of British sovereignty and have a continuing physical or spiritual involvement in that area. On the whole of the materials available to it, the State is satisfied that the material presented is sufficient to evidence the maintenance of connection according to relevant traditional laws and customs in the Determination Area. The State has concluded that this connection has not been severed. The material, and the agreement of the parties, supports that conclusion.
The State has also conducted searches of land tenure, mining and petroleum registries to determine the nature and extent of “other interests” within the Determination Area, and those interests have been included in the proposed determination: Consent Minute, Schedule 6. In this way, the description of the nature and extent of the native title rights and interests and the “other interests” in relation to the Determination Area complies with s 225 of the NTA.
All respondents have been consulted and given opportunities to participate in the process as it has progressed. All extant respondents, who are still parties to the proceeding as at 26 September 2023, have signed the Consent Minute indicating that they consent to the proposed determination.
NOMINATION OF THE PBC
Being satisfied that it is appropriate to make a determination of native title, s 55 requires that the Court must make the determination provided for in ss 56 and 57. Section 56 requires a determination of whether the native title is to be held in trust and, if so, by whom. Section 57 specifies the authorised functions of a PBC in particular circumstances.
The Consent Minute (at order 2) provides for the nomination of the Wangkatja Tjungula Aboriginal Corporation (ICN 9951) (WTAC) to hold the native title in the Determination Area as agent for the native title holders.
The Nyalpa Pirniku claim group agreed to incorporate WTAC at a meeting in Kalgoorlie on 15 March 2023. At that meeting, the claim group also nominated WTAC to be the PBC for the Nyalpa Pirniku common law holders of native title. WTAC accepted the nomination to act as the PBC at a pre-incorporation general meeting, also held in Kalgoorlie on 15 March 2023. The corporation documents were lodged with the Office of the Registrar of Indigenous Corporations for registration on 1 May 2023 and WTAC was registered on 3 May 2023. I will order that WTAC shall hold the determined native titled as agent for the native title holders pursuant to s 57(2) of the NTA.
CONCLUSION
For these reasons, I conclude that the Court has the power to make the orders sought granting native title. I also consider it appropriate that the orders be made. I make orders, substantially in the form advanced by agreement in the Consent Minute. I congratulate the parties and their advisers.
I certify that the preceding seventy (70) numbered paragraphs are a true copy of the Reasons for Judgment of the Honourable Justice Cheeseman. Associate:
Dated: 31 October 2023
SCHEDULE OF PARTIES
WAD 91 of 2019 Respondents
Fourth Respondents:
AMANDA JANE CECIL JONES
BARON CECIL JONES
BURCHELL FRANCIS CECIL JONES
JOHN LOAD CECIL JONES
EDJUDINA STATION PTY LTD
NOEL DOUGLAS MCKAY
MARIE ANNE SCHUTZ
TREVOR GLENN SCHUTZ
Fifth Respondents:
GSM MINING COMPANY PTY LTD
MINARA PASTORAL HOLDINGS PTY LTD
YUNDAMINDRA PASTORAL HOLDINGS PTY LTD
MURRIN MURRIN OPERATIONS PTY LTD
ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI AUSTRALIA LTD
MT WELD MINING PTY LTD
ULYSSES MINING PTY LTD
ARDEA RESOURCES LIMITED
GLOBAL GEM MINING PTY LTD
SHINE RESOURCES PTY LTD
Sixth Respondents
AMPLITEL PTY LTD
TELSTRA CORPORATION LIMITED
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