Law Society of South Australia v Russell No. Scgrg-99-722 Judgment No. S389

LAW SOCIETY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA v RUSSELL
[1999] SASC 389

Full Court:Doyle CJ, Mullighan and Martin JJ (ex tempore)

DOYLE CJ: The Law Society of South Australia has applied for an order that the name of Peter Glenn Russell, a legal practitioner, be struck off the roll of legal practitioners maintained under the Legal Practitioners Act 1981. The practitioner, although served with proceedings and given notice of today's hearing, has not attended at court. Accordingly the court has had no explanation from him.
The practitioner does not hold a current practising certificate. He has been declared bankrupt. It seems that he has not practised as a practitioner for several years.
The application by the Society is made on the basis of the following matters.
By decision dated 13 July 1998, the Disciplinary Tribunal published reasons for finding the practitioner guilty on three counts of unprofessional conduct. Despite being given adequate notice of the hearing and an adequate opportunity to attend, the practitioner did not attend before the Tribunal.
Accordingly, the Tribunal also had no explanation from the practitioner for the charges of unprofessional conduct that it had found proved. The Tribunal recommended that disciplinary proceedings be instituted in this Court.
The Court has power to accept and to act upon the findings of the tribunal: see s 89(5) of the Legal Practitioners Act. I propose to do so.
The first count charged the practitioner with unprofessional conduct in that he carried on the business of an inquiry agent under a firm name that suggested no link with him, and that without informing his client of his interest in the business, on three occasions involving three different clients, he caused that business to carry out work for the client and to charge for the work, the practitioner failing to inform his client of his interest in the firm.
The Tribunal found that the practitioner had acted as alleged. The amounts paid by the clients were approximately $2,100, $680 and $1,770. There was no disclosure of the practitioner's link to the firm. Some correspondence that was tendered suggests a studious failure by the practitioner to disclose the link. It was not, of course, unprofessional conduct for the practitioner to conduct another business, but, as the Tribunal found:
“Where a practitioner conducts some other business and invites his or her clients to deal with that business, he or she must disclose to the clients concerned, the fact that the practitioner is the proprietor or one of the proprietors of that business or, as the case may be, the general nature of his or her involvement in that business.”
To fail to make that disclosure is to permit an undisclosed conflict of interest and duty to exist. The practitioner was not at liberty to deal with his clients through the investigation firm without obtaining the client's informed consent. That required at least disclosure of his interest in the firm. It would also require advice to the client about rates charged in the market for the services provided by the firm. The practitioner could not secure profitable business from his client without giving the client the chance to decide whether the client should place business with the firm: see O'Reilly v Law Society of New South Wales (1988) 24 NSWLR 204.
Although the amounts of money involved by way of payment to the firm are not substantial, the circumstances suggest that the practitioner lacks an understanding of his obligations to his clients. The conduct of the practitioner involves a significant departure from the proper standard of behaviour.
The second count charged the practitioner with unprofessional conduct in appropriating for his own use $300 held in trust on account of fees without rendering an account to the client. The Tribunal found the practitioner guilty. This conduct involves a disregard of proper procedures in dealing with the money of the client. In isolation it might not be particularly serious, but as will appear, this is one of several instances of unprofessional conduct.
The Tribunal also found that the practitioner had fabricated two cost entries in his file before submitting the file to an expert retained to prepare a bill of cost in taxable form. I regard this as a very serious matter. The fabricated entries must have been intended by the practitioner to result in a claim for fees with a view to recovering costs from the practitioner's client in court proceedings. As each entry was of an attendance at court of five hours, the fees involved must have been well in excess of $1,000. The entry could not have been due to any misunderstanding about taxable costs. The Tribunal found that the practitioner simply did not attend court as claimed. The conduct, therefore, involves an element of fraud on the part of the practitioner. It is a serious departure from professional standards of honesty.
These instances of unprofessional conduct occurred between 1990 and 1992, although the Tribunal did not make its decision until July 1998.
Apart from these matters, the Society has proved that on 13 October 1998 the practitioner pleaded guilty to a charge of fraudulent conversion of the sum of $23,100. The offence occurred between February and July 1996. The offence did not occur in the course of the practitioner's practice. What follows is drawn from the sentencing remarks.
The practitioner was the manager of a company in which his family had a major interest. The company was in financial difficulty. The company received money to conduct a training program for unemployed young people. The practitioner caused about $23,000 of that money to be applied to the company's purposes when the company was not entitled to do so. The District Court Judge said that there was no real prospect of restitution. The practitioner had been declared bankrupt in August 1996. The practitioner was sentenced to imprisonment for 18 months with a non-parole period of 12 months. However, influenced by the practitioner's age, which was 51 years, and good record, the Judge suspended that sentence upon the practitioner agreeing, among other things, to enter into a bond to be of good behaviour for three years.
The commission of an offence otherwise than in the course of legal practice does not necessarily reflect upon the fitness of a person to be a practitioner and does not necessarily constitute unprofessional conduct. However, this offence involved serious dishonesty. Its character is such as to give rise to a real doubt whether the practitioner can be trusted with the money of other persons. For those reasons, it is relevant to his fitness to be a practitioner. As well, it is an offence that makes it difficult, impossible really, for the Court to continue to regard the practitioner as someone fit to be held out to the public as a legal practitioner.
In my opinion, the nature of the offence is such that it amounts to unprofessional conduct and indicates that the practitioner is not a fit and proper person to be a practitioner: see Ziems v Prothonotary of the Supreme Court of New South Wales (1957) 97 CLR 279.
When these matters are taken into account, they indicate to me that the practitioner is unfit to remain a practitioner. They lead to the conclusion that the practitioner lacks an understanding, in important respects, of his obligations to clients, and cannot be held out to the public as a person fit to be trusted to handle their affairs in their best interests and in an honest fashion.
Although admitted only in 1985, the practitioner is about 52 years of age, and so cannot put these matters down to immaturity or inexperience. As well, the practitioner was found guilty by the tribunal in September 1984 of unprofessional conduct committed in 1990. That conduct involved the deliberate alteration of written settlement instructions given by a client. The practitioner was fined and suspended for three months.
The practitioner is not to be punished a second time for this offence, but the earlier offence is relevant because it indicates that he has previously been involved in a serious instance of unprofessional conduct, and in that respect, his record is relevant in considering the course now to be followed.
I consider that the court should remove his name from the roll of practitioners. In doing so, the court acts in the public interest, not with a view to punishment. The public interest requires that the practitioner not be able to practise as a practitioner.
For those reasons I would order that the name of practitioner be removed from the roll of practitioners.
MULLIGHAN J: I agree.
MARTIN J: I agree.
DOYLE CJ: Accordingly, the order of the court is that the name of Peter Glenn Russell be removed from the roll of legal practitioners maintained by the court.
Secondly, order that Mr Russell pay the costs of the Law Society of and incidental of the application.

In the matter of Law Society of South Australia v Russell, the Law Society of South Australia sought an order to have the name of Peter Glenn Russell, a legal practitioner, struck off the roll of legal practitioners. The applicant argued that Russell's conduct amounted to unprofessional conduct and made him unfit to remain a practitioner. The Full Court of the Supreme Court of South Australia considered the application and examined the evidence presented by the Law Society. The Court found that the practitioner had engaged in several instances of unprofessional conduct, including failing to disclose his interest in a business that charged clients for services, appropriating trust money, fabricating court attendance entries, and committing fraudulent conversion. The Court also noted that the practitioner had a previous history of unprofessional conduct. The Full Court determined that the practitioner's conduct demonstrated a lack of understanding of his obligations to clients and showed that he could not be trusted to handle their affairs honestly and in their best interests. As a result, the Court concluded that the practitioner was unfit to remain a practitioner.

The Court was required to decide whether Russell's conduct amounted to unprofessional conduct, and whether it was in the public interest to remove his name from the roll of legal practitioners. The Court examined the evidence and considered the practitioner's history of unprofessional conduct, as well as the seriousness of the recent instances of misconduct. The Court found that the practitioner's conduct was a significant departure from the proper standard of behaviour expected of a legal practitioner and that it was in the public interest to remove his name from the roll of legal practitioners.

The Court's reasoning was based on the evidence presented by the Law Society and the findings of the Disciplinary Tribunal. The Court found that the practitioner's conduct involved a disregard of proper procedures, a lack of disclosure, and an element of fraud. The Court also noted that the practitioner had a previous history of unprofessional conduct, which indicated that he had not learned from his earlier mistakes. The Court concluded that the practitioner's conduct demonstrated a lack of understanding of his obligations to clients and that he could not be trusted to handle their affairs honestly and in their best interests. As a result, the Court found that it was in the public interest to remove the practitioner's name from the roll of legal practitioners.

The Full Court of the Supreme Court of South Australia ordered that the name of Peter Glenn Russell be removed from the roll of legal practitioners maintained by the court. The Court also ordered that Mr Russell pay the costs of the Law Society of South Australia and incidental costs of the application. The Court's decision was based on the evidence presented by the Law Society and the findings of the Disciplinary Tribunal. The Court found that the practitioner's conduct amounted to unprofessional conduct and that it was in the public interest to remove his name from the roll of legal practitioners. The Court's decision was made in the interest of protecting the public and maintaining the integrity of the legal profession.

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