Inflammable Liquid Act 1915 (NSW)
INFLAMMABLE LIQUID ACT.
Act No. 15, 1915.
An Act to regulate the keeping, conveyance, and sale of inflammable liquid, to repeal the Storage and Sale of Kerosene Restriction Act of 1871 ; and for purposes consequent thereon or incidental thereto. [Assented to, 22nd February, 1915.]
| la t ive Council and Legislat ive Assembly of New South | BE it enacted by the K ing ' s Mos t Exce l l en t | by and with t he advice and consent of t he Legis |
Majesty ,
| W a l e s in | P a r l i a m e n t | assembled, and | by | the | au tho r i t y |
of t he same , as fo l lows:—
P A R T I . P R E L I M I N A R Y .
Short title and repeal.
| 1. | This | A c t | may be | cited | as | the | " I n f l a m m a b l e |
| L iqu id | Act , | 1 9 1 5 . " |
This Ac t shall c o m m e n c e on a day to be proclaimed by t h e Governor by notice in t he Gaze t te .
2.
| A n y | proclamat ion , regula t ion, ru le , by-law, or | appoin t |
m e n t to an office unde r th i s A c t m a y be made , and any l icense or reg is t ra t ion the reunder may be applied for and gran ted a t a n y t i m e after t h e passing, b u t shal l no t come
| in to | force | un t i l | the | c o m m e n c e m e n t | of | this | Act . |
3 . This A c t is divided in to P a r t s as follows :—
P A R T I . — P R E L I M I N A R Y — s s . 1 - 8 .
P A R T I I . — K E E P I N G OE I N F L A M M A B L E L I Q U I D —
ss. 9 - 1 6 .
P A R T I I I . — M A R K I N G OE P A C K A G E S — s . 1 7 .
P A R T I V . — C O N V E Y A N C E OF I N F L A M M A B L E
L I Q U I D — s s . 1 8 - 2 0 .
P A R T V . — G O V E R N M E N T CONTROL A N D I N S P E C
T I O N — s s . 2 1 - 2 4 .
P A R T V I . — T E S T I N G — s s . 2 5 - 2 8 .
P A R T V I I . — L E G A L P R O C E E D I N G S — S S . 2 9 - 3 8 . P A R T V I I I . — G E N E R A L P R O V I S I O N S — SS. 3 9 - 4 6 . 4 . The Storage and Sale of Kerosene Res t r ic t ion A c t of 1 8 7 1 is hereby repealed.
Interpretation.
5 . I n th is Ac t , unless t h e con tex t or sub j ec t -ma t t e r
otherwise indicates or r equ i res ,— " Boat " means vessel, no t be ing a ship as here in af ter defined, which is used in nav iga t ion in any in l and w a t e r or any ha rbour , w h e t h e r moved or propel led by oars or otherwise, e i ther a t rest or in mot ion .
" Carr iage " inc ludes a n y car r iage , waggon, ca r t , t ruck , vehicle , or o ther means of conveying
goods or passengers by land, in w h a t e v e r
m a n n e r i t m a y be propel led or t ransferred
from place to p lace , e i ther a t res t or in mot ion .
" Chief inspector " means chief inspector of inf lam
mable l iquid, and in t h e case of his absencefrom d u t y includes any person appoin ted u n d e r
t h e h a n d of t he Minis te r to discharge t h e du t ies
of Chief Inspec tor .
" D e p o t " means a n y pi t , excavat ion , Or enclosed
place, w h e t h e r s i tua te in a bu i ld ing or not , which is cons t ruc ted in such m a n n e r or
sur rounded b y walls of such charac te r t h a t
inf lammable
inf lammable l iquid stored therein canno t
escape theref rom in t h e form of l iquid, e i ther u n d e r the act ion of fire or otherwise .
" Explosive " means explosive as defined by the
Explos ives Act , l 9 0 5 .
" H i g h l y combust ib le goods " means oil, spirit , or other l iquid of an inf lammable charac te r (not being inf lammable l iquid to which th is Act applies) , or any resin, tallow, paraffin-wax, celluloid, or other solid subs tance of l ike charac ter .
" I n s p e c t o r " means person appoin ted by t h e Governor as an Inspec to r u n d e r th is Act , a n d includes any person author ised in wr i t i ng by the chief insjiector to act as an inspector.
" M a s t e r " includes every person, except a pilot, hav ing command or charge of a ship ; and, in reference to any boat, be longing to a ship, means t he master of t he s h i p ; and, in reference to any other boat includes every person hav ing command or charge of t he boat.
" M i n i s t e r " means the Colonial Treasurer , or Minis ter of the Crown for the t ime being
admin is te r ing this Act .
" Occupier " includes any n u m b e r of persons and a body corporate ; and, in case of a bui lding in which any m a n u f a c t u r e or t rade is carr ied on, includes any person ca r ry ing on t h a t
manufac tu re or t rade .
" Package " means any case, barre l , t in , or o ther receptacle , and includes every means by which goods may be cased, covered, enclosed, con ta ined, or packed.
" Prescribed " means prescribed by th is Act , or by
any proclamat ion, rule , regula t ion, or by-law
m a d e thereunder .
" Protec ted work " m e a n s — (a)
building in which any person dwells, or in which persons are accus tomed to assemble
for
for purposes of publ ic concourse, publ ic
religious worship , publ ic en t e r t a inmen t or a m u s e m e n t , educat ion , or discussion, pub l i c offices, stores (bonded or free, or bonded a n d free combined) , and o ther warehouses ;
(b) building in which persons are employed for t h e purpose of a n y t r ade or business, and
which is no t s i tua te on the licensed s t o r e ; (c) dock, wharf (as defined in this section), or t imber yard, and any p a r t of a harbour , por t , or r iver where i t is cus tomary for ships to
ber th , moor, or l i e ; (d) dep6t in which any inflammable liquid is
k e p t ; a n d (e) any other place which the Governor by proclamat ion in t he Gazet te declares to be a protected work.
" Ra i lway company " means person be ing t h e owner or lessee of or work ing any ra i lway or t r a m w a y cons t ruc ted or carried on unde r t h e powers of any A c t of P a r l i a m e n t and used for pub l i c traffic.
" Ra i lway " includes every bu i ld ing , s ta t ion, wharf, dock, and place which belongs to or is u n d e r t he control of a ra i lway company , or of t h e Chief Commiss ioner for Ra i lways and T ram- ways, or of t he Commissioner for W a t e r Con-
servation a n d I r r iga t ion .
" Screen w a l l " means wall of such subs tance and so cons t ruc ted and placed as to be efficient for
t h e purpose of p reven t ing t h e spread of fire
from any one place to a n y o the r place, a n d w h e n inf lammable l iquid is k e p t in an unde r
g r o u n d depot, means the su r round ing floor,
walls , and covering of such u n d e r g r o u n d depot , if efficient for t he purpose aforesaid.
" Ship " includes every descript ion of vessel used in sea naviga t ion , w h e t h e r propel led by oars or
otherwise , whe the r a t rest or in mot ion .
" W h a r f " includes any quay , l anding-p lace , l and ing-s tage , j e t ty , pier, h u l k , or o ther place a t which goods are landed, loaded, or unloaded.
6 . " Inflammable liquid " moans liquid petroleum, kerosene, and any oil, liquid, or spirit derived wholly, or in part from any petroleum, shale, schist, coal, peat, bitumen, or any other similar substance ; and which has a true flashing point of less than one hundred and fifty degrees Fahrenheit; and any other liquid which the Governor, by proclamation in the Gazette, declares to be an inflammable liquid.
7 . For the purposes of this Act, inflammable liquid
| is divided into "mineral sp i r i t " and | "mineral | o i l " ; |
| and— |
(a) " mineral spirit " means any inflammable liquid which has a true flashing point of less than seventy-three degrees Fahrenheit ; and (b) " mineral oil " means any inflammable liquid which has a true flashing point of not less than seventy-three degrees Fahrenheit.
8 . For the purposes of this Act, the true flashing point of an inflammable liquid shall be that defined in the Schedule hereto when the liquid is tested in the manner set forth in the said Schedule, with such alterations and additions (if any) as are made in the same in pursuance of this Act.
P A R T I I .
KEEPING OF INFLAMMABLE LIQUID.
Application of Part II.
9 . The Governor may, by proclamation, take any
place out of the operation of this Fart of this Act, and
may in like manner amend or revoke any such pro
clamation.
Licensing
Licensing and registration of stores and premises. 1 0 . Stores or premises may, upon payment of such
fees, and subject to such conditions as are prescribed, be licensed or registered for the keeping of inflammable
liquid.
K e e p i n g of liquid in stores or premises not licensed
or registered.
1 1 . I f any person keeps inflammable liquid except in a licensed store or in registered premises, he and the
occupier of the premises shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding fifty pounds : Provided that this section shall
not apply to the keeping of inflammable liquid—
(a) in quantities not exceeding the following :—
(i) Two hundred and fifty gallons of mineral oil, if no mineral spirit is kept by any person
within a distance of fifty feet thereof : or when any mineral spirit is so kept, then if either the mineral spirit or the mineral oil is kept completely surrounded by a screen wall.(ii) Sixteen gallons of mineral spirit : Provided that all the inflammable liquid
shall b e kept in substantial vessels of metal or other prescribed material, so securely closed and stopped that neither liquid nor vapour
can escape therefrom: Provided also that the
quantity of mineral spirit kept in any one suchvessel shall not exceed four gallons ;
(b) on a ship, boat, or carriage, while being con
(c) in the fuel tank on a motor carriage or motor-veyed thereon in accordance with this Act; propelled ship or boat or fuel tank of any
plant using inflammable liquid.1 2 . Notwithstanding anything in the preceding
clause no person shall keep or use mineral spirit in
quantities exceeding three gallons for any industrial purpose except in a licensed store or in registered pre
mises. I f any person so keeps or uses mineral spirit i n
any quantity exceeding three gallons he shall be liable toa penalty not exceeding one hundred pounds.
R e g i s t e r e d
Registered premises.
1 3 . (1) No person shall keep inflammable liquid in registered premises in quantities exceeding the
following:—
(a) Eight hundred gallons of mineral oil if no mineral spirit is kept by any person within a distance of fifty feet thereof; or if any mineral spirit is so kept, unless cither the mineral spirit or the mineral oil is kept completely surrounded by a screen wall or in a prescribed underground depot. (b) Three hundred gallons of mineral oil if mineral spirit is kept by any person within a distance of fifty feet thereof; and neither the mineral
spirit nor the mineral oil is kept completely surrounded by a screen wall or in a prescribed underground dcp6t.
(c) One hundred gallons of mineial spirit or five hundred gallons of mineral spirit if kept in a prescribed underground depot. (2) I f any person so keeps inflammable liquid
in any quantity exceeding that above prescribed, he and the occupier of the premises shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding one hundred pounds.
1 4 . (1) Every person keeping inflammable liquid in registered premises, and every person in or about such premises shall comply with the following general rules :—
(a) All inflammable liquid kept on the premises,
use, shall be kept in a dep6t exclusively except so much as is withdrawn for immediate appropriated to the purpose, and thoroughly
ventilated.(b) The depot shall not be situated within nor be attached to a dwelling or building in which persons assemble unless the depot is completely surrounded by a screen wall and has a separate entrance from the open air distinct from that of any dwelling or building in which persons
assemble.
(c)
(c)
There shall be no fire, forge, furnace, explosive, highly combustible goods, or other source of danger within fifty feet of the dep6t unless a screen wall intervenes between them.
(d)
No light of any description shall be brought within thirty feet of any depot or place where any vessel containing inflammable liquid is being kept, or is in course of conveyance on the premises, except an artificial light of the construction and character prescribed, unless
a screen wall intervenes between such inflam
mable liquid and such light.
(e) All the inflammable liquid shall be kept in closed vessels of metal or other prescribed material. Every such vessel shall be so substantially
constructed and maintained that no leakage whatever of liquid or vapour can take place therefrom.
(f) Every package containing inflammable liquid shall be marked or labelled as required by Part I I I of this Act .
(g) All the inflammable liquid received upon the premises shall be at once taken to the depot, and all inflammable liquid taken from the depot for delivery or otherwise, except so much as is for immediate use on the premises, shall be at once removed from the premises.
(h) No inflammable liquid shall be received or delivered from the premises except between the hours of sunrise and sunset, unless an artificial light of the construction and character prescribed is used. (i) No vessel containing inflammable liquid shall
be opened on the premises, except at or im
mediately adjoining the depot in which it is kept, and then only for the time necessary for drawing off the inflammable liquid ; and during such drawing off every reasonable precaution shall be adopted for preventing the escape of inflammable liquid or vapour therefrom.
(j)
(j)
No inflammable liquid shall he conveyed on or about the premises, except in closed vessels or
by means of closed pipes so constructed and
connected as to be entirely free from leakage.
(k) No person under the age of fourteen years shall be allowed inside any depot.
(l) No person shall bring any matches into any
depot.
(m) On all premises there shall be kept a sufficient quantity of sand or other prescribed material, so distributed about the premises as to be
immediately available for throwing on any inflammable liquid that may be spilled or ignited. Such sand or material shall be kept in such quantities and in such manner as may
be prescribed.
(n) All due precautions (whether prescribed or not) shall be taken for the prevention of accidents by fire or explosion, and for the prevention of
unauthorised persons having access to the inflammable liquid kept on the premises, and no person shall do any act whatever which tends to cause fire or explosion.
I f in respect of any inflammable liquid in such pre
mises, any of such rules arc not complied with, the occupier of the premises and any person contravening
or failing to comply with such rules, shall be liable to a
penalty not exceeding one hundred pounds.
(2) I f any person is convicted of an offence
under this section, the Minister may cause the registration of the premises in respect of which the offence
was committed to be cancelled, and such premises shall
thereupon be deemed to be unregistered.
Licensed stores.
1 5 . (1) A store shall not be licensed unless the following conditions arc complied with :—
(a)
The store shall include one or more depots, as defined by this Act, exclusively appropriated to the keeping of inflammable liquid and such
goods
goods as are specified in the license; and all buildings and places adjoining each other and occupied together shall be deemed to be the same store, and shall be included in one license.
(b) Every depot shall have an effective covering or roof of metal, sand, slate, or other uninflam
mable material, unless any such depot is within another building, and that building has a roof, externally uninflammable.
(c) Every depot shall be so situated as not to be within fifty feet of any fire, forge, furnace,
explosive, highly combustible goods, or other
source of danger, unless a screen wall inter venes between such fire, forge, furnace, ex
plosive, highly combustible goods, or source of
danger, and every place where inflammableliquid is kept.
(d) Every dep6t shall be separated as prescribed from all protected works. (e) Every dep6t shall be in all other respects situated and constructed as prescribed. (2) I f any of the above conditions are not com
plied with, the license may be forfeited, and the store
shall thereupon be deemed to be unlicensed.
1 6 . (1) Every person keeping inflammable liquid in
a licensed store, and every person in or about the same,
shall comply with the following general rules:—
(a)
All inflammable liquid kept in the store, ex cept so much as is withdrawn for immediate
use, shall be kept in the dep6t appropriated for the purpose.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in this Act, the depot shall be used exclusively for the keeping of inflammable liquid and the packages in
which the liquid is contained.
(c) No explosives, nor anything liable to sponta neous ignition or combustion, and no fire or light, except an artificial light of the con struction and character prescribed, shall be placed, brought, or allowed to remain within fifty feet of any dep6t, or of any inflammable
liquid
liquid in the store, unless such depot or inflammable liquid is separated from such
explosive, thing, lire, or light by a screen
wall.
(d) All the inflammable liquid shall be kept in closed vessels of metal or other prescribed
material. Every such vessel shall be so sub stantially constructed and maintained that no leakage whatever of liquid or vapour can take place therefrom.
(e) Every package containing inflammable liquid shall be marked or labelled as required by Part I I I of this Act. (f) All the inflammable liquid received at the store shall be at once taken to the depot and all inflammable liquid taken from the depot for delivery or otherwise, except so much as is for immediate use at the store, shall be at once removed from the store. (g) No inflammable liquid shall be received or delivered from the store except between the hours of sunrise and sunset, unless an artificial light of the construction and character pre scribed is used.
(h) No vessel containing inflammable liquid shall be opened in the store, except at or imme
diately adjoining the depot in which it is kept, and then only for the time necessary for draw ing off the inflammable liquid ; and during such drawing off every reasonable precaution shall be adopted for preventing the escape of
inflammable liquid or vapour therefrom. (i) No inflammable liquid shall be conveyed in or about the store, except in closed vessels or by means of closed pipes so constructed and connected as to be entirely free from leakage.
(j) No person under the age of fourteen years shall be allowed inside any depot.
(k)
No quantity of inflammable liquid in excess of that specified in the license shall be kept in the store.
(1)
(1) In every store there shall be kept a sufficient quantity of sand or other prescribed material,
so distributed about the store as to be immedi
ately available for throwing on any inflammable
liquid that may be spilled or ignited. Such sand or material shall be kept in such quantities and in such manner as may be prescribed.
(m) No person shall smoke in the store, and no person shall bring any matches into any dep6t or store.
(n) All due precautions (whether prescribed or not) shall be taken for the prevention of
accidents by fire or explosion, and for the prevention of unauthorised persons having
access to the inflammable liquid kept in the
store, and no person shall do any act whatever
which tends to cause fire or explosion.(2) I f in respect of any inflammable liquid in
such store any of such rules are not complied with, the
occupier of the store and any person contravening or failing to comply with such rules shall be liable to a
penalty not exceeding one hundred pounds.
P A R T I I I . MARKING OF PACKAGES.
1 7 . (1) Every person keeping, conveying, selling, or
exposing for sale inflammable liquid shall comply with
the following general rules as to the marking of the
packages containing such inflammable liquid :—
(a)
The outside of every package containing mineral spirit shall be clearly marked in conspicuous letters " Highly inflammable," together with the words " Mineral spirit," or with the trade name under which the liquid is sold, or with any words prescribed.
(b)
In the case of mineral oil having a true flashing point of less than one hundred degrees Fahren heit and exceeding in amount three gallons,
the
the outside of every package containing such mineral oil shall be clearly marked in con spicuous letters " For use in oil engines," or with any words prescribed.
(e) In the ease of mineral oil having a true flashing point of not less than one hundred degrees Fahrenheit, and exceeding in amount three gallons, the outside; of every package contain
ing such mineral oil shall be clearly marked in conspicuous letters "Mineral oil," or with the trade name under which the liquid is sold,
or with any words prescribed.
(2) I f any such person fails to comply with any such rule, he shall he liable to a penalty not
exceeding one hundred pounds.
PART I V .
CONVEYANCE OF INFLAMMABLE LIQUID.
1 3 . (1) Every person conveying, loading, or un loading inflammable liquid, or assisting in any of such operations, and every employer of any person engaged in any of such operations, shall comply with the following general rules :—
(a) The liquid shall be contained in tanks or other vessels of metal or other prescribed material from which the liquid cannot escape in the form of liquid or vapour, and so substantially constructed as not to be liable, except under circumstances
of negligence or accident, to be broken or to
become defective or insecure in course of con
veyance.(b) All due precautions, whether prescribed or not, shall be taken to prevent any of the liquid from escaping or being discharged into any part of a house or building, or of the curtilage thereof, or into any sewer or drain, or into any lake or lagoon, or any stream of water, or estuary of the sea. H (c)
(c)
All due precautions, whether prescribed or not, shall be taken for the prevention of accidents
by fire or explosion, and for preventing
unauthorised persons having access to the liquid, and for the prevention of any act whatever which tends to cause fire or explosion
a n d is not reasonably necessary for the purposes of the conveyance, loading, or unloading ofthe liquid or of any other article carried there with, and for preventing any other persons from committing any such ac t ; and any such other person who, after being warned, commits any such act shall be deemed to commit a breach of these general rules.
(d) The work of loading or unloading inflammable liquid on or from any ship or boat shall not be carried on between sunset and sunrise without first obtaining the permission of the chief
inspector in writing.
(2) If any such person fails to comply
with any such rule, he shall be liable to a penalty not
exceeding one hundred pounds.
1 9 . (1) The Sydney Harbour Trust Commissioners, the Chief Commissioner for Railways and Tramways, the Commissioner for Water Conservation and Irrigation, and every other harbour authority, railway, tramway,canal company, or other person within whose jurisdiction or on whose railway, tramway, canal, or wharf inflam
mable liquid is conveyed, loaded, or unloaded, i f so required by the Minister, shall make special by-laws, not being inconsistent with this Act, or regulations under this Act, for regulating the conveyance, loading,
and unloading of inflammable liquid within the said jurisdiction, or on the said railway, tramway, canal, or wharf, and in particular for enforcing the observance of this Act, both by their servants and agents, and also by other persons when within the jurisdiction of the harbour authority or on the railway, tramway, canal, or wharf of such company or person. Such by laws, when approved by the Governor, shall apply to the harbour, railway, tramway, canal, wharf, agents and servants of the authority, company, or person making the same, and to the persons using, or on, in, or about
such
such harbour, railway, tramway, canal, or wharf, or the premises connected therewith, and occupied by or under the control of such authority, company, or person.
(2) Any by-laws made in pursuance of the last
preceding subsection, if required by the Minister, shall
be in like manner rescinded, altered, or added to.
(3) i f a harbour authority, commissioner, or
trust, or a n y railway, tramway, canal company, or other person fail within three months after being required as aforesaid to comply with such requisition to the satis
faction of the Minister, the Minister may make such
by-laws which shall, when approved by the Governor, have the same effect as if made by the authority,
commissioner, trust, company, or other person.
(4) If any person to whom any by-law made in
pursuance of this section applies, contravenes or fails to comply with such by-law, he shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding fifty pounds.
20. In the event of any breach of a regulation or
by-law under this Act in any harbour in respect of a ship or cargo, or a boat or carriage conveying any part
of t h e cargo whether there has or h a s not been any
conviction for such breach, the harbour-master, or any
other officer named in the regulations or by-laws, or any person acting under the orders of the harbour-master,
or of such other officer, may cause the ship, cargo, boat, or carriage to be removed at the expense of the owner thereof to such place, or otherwise dealt with in such
manner as may be in conformity with the regulations or by-laws, and all expenses incurred in any such removal
| may be recovered before a court of petty sessions. Any | person resisting such harbour-master, officer, or other |
| person in such removal or other dealing shall be liable to the same penalties as a person is liable to for obstructing the harbour-master or other person in the | |
| execution of his duty. |
P A R T
P A R T V. GOVERNMENT CONTROL AND INSPECTION.
2 1 . The Governor may appoint a chief inspector and inspectors for the purpose of carrying out the pro visions of this Act. The chief inspector shall have all the powers of an inspector.
2 2 . An inspector may—
(a) at any time enter, inspect, and examine any place (whether a building or not, or a carriage,
boat or ship) where he has reason to believe
inflammable liquid may be found ;(b) make any general or particular inquiries as to the observance of this A c t ; (c) take without payment such samples of any substance which he believes to be inflammable liquid as are necessary for the examination and testing thereof; (d) seize, detain, or remove any inflammable liquid and any package, carriage, ship, or boat in which the same is contained, if he has reason able cause to believe that there has been a
contravention of this Act in respect of such
liquid;(e) where he believes it necessary in the public interest, with the consent of the Minister, destroy or render harmless any inflammable liquid : Provided that in cases of imminent danger he may so act without such consent. 23 . (1) Every person on or about the place inspected
shall— (a) facilitate the entry, inspection, and examination by the inspector;
(b) answer all inquiries put as to the observance of
this A c t ; (c) facilitate the taking of the samples, seizure, detention, and removal of any inflammable liquid, packages, carriage, ship, or boat, and the destruction and rendering harmless of any inflammable liquid. (2) I f any such person fails to carry out any of the requirements of this section, he shall be liable
to a penalty not exceeding one hundred pounds.
24. No inspector shall be liable for anything done in exercise of the powers of this Part or in pursuance of this Act unless—
(1) he has been guilty of wilful neglect or default; or (2) it is proved that he has seized, detained,
removed, destroyed, or rendered harmless any inflammable liquid without having reasonable cause to believe that there has been a contra vention of this Act.
P A R T V I . T E S T I N G .
25 . (1) A standard model of the apparatus for
testing inflammable liquid prescribed by this Act shall
be deposited with and kept in the office of the chief
inspector.
(2) The Governor may, by notice in the Gazette,
declare that any new model shall be the standard model, and that any then existing standard model shall cease to be the standard model.
26. Apparatus constructed in accordance with this
Act may from time to time be submitted to the chief
inspector for the purpose of being compared with the
standard model and verified.
27. The chief inspector may, on receipt of the pre
scribed fees, and subject to the prescribed conditions,—
(a) stamp such apparatus, if found to be; accurate,
with a mark, date, and number;
(b) stamp such apparatus, if found to be inaccurate, with a statement showing the error in such apparatus and with a mark, date, and number. 28. Any test made by an apparatus shall be deemed
inaccurate unless such apparatus has been compared with the standard model, found by the chief inspector to be accurate, and stamped as aforesaid, within five years from the date of such test being made.
P A R T
P A R T V I I . LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
2 9 . Every offence under this Act may he prosecuted,
and every penalty under this Act may be recovered either summarily before a court of petty sessions, or on indictment.
3 0 . The court, before whom a person is convicted of
an offence against this Act, may make any order as to
costs which it thinks fit, and may in addition to the
penalty order the forfeiture of the inflammable liquid and the packages containing the same or either of them.
3 1 . Where an offence is alleged to have been com mitted in respect of any inflammable liquid, and the owner or other person liable is unknown, or cannot be found, a court of petty sessions may cause a notice tobe advertised stating that unless cause is shown to the
contrary at, the time and place named in the notice the liquid will be forfeited, and at that time and place the court may order all or any part of the liquid to be
forfeited.
3 2 . (1) When an occupier is charged with an offence
against this Act, he shall be entitled, upon information duly laid by him, to have any other person whom he charges as the actual offender brought before the court at the time appointed for hearing the charge.
(2) If , after the commission of the offence has
been proved, the occupier proves to the satisfaction of the court that he had used due diligence to enforce the
provisions of this Act, the breach of which constituted
the offence, and that the said person had committed the offence in question without his knowledge, consent, or connivance, the said other person shall be summarily convicted of such offence, and the occupier shall be
exempt from any penalty. 3 3 . All forfeited property shall be disposed of as the Minister directs or as prescribed.
3 4 . All penalties recovered shall be paid into the Treasury, and be carried to the Consolidated Revenue, and the proceeds of any sale of inflammable liquid or other goods forfeited shall be paid and accounted for in
like manner. 3 5 .
3 5 . Where the owner or master of a ship or boat is adjudged to pay a penalty for an offence committed with or in relation to the ship or boat, the court may in addition to any other power they may have for the purpose of compelling payment of the penalty, direct that the same be levied by arrest, and sale of the ship or boat and her tackle.
3 6 . In any proceedings under this Act with respect to any article examined or tested in pursuance of this
Act, the production of the certificate of the chief in
spector, or of an inspector, shall he prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated without proof of the signature
of the person appearing to have signed the same.
3 7 . The production of the Gazette containing any proclamation, notice, rule, regulation, or by-law appear ing or purporting to have been issued or made under this Act, or the production of any document certified by the chief inspector to be a true copy of, or extract from, any such proclamation, notice, rule, regulation, or by law issued or made under this Act, shall be prima, facie evidence of the issue or making of such proclamation,
notice, rule, regulation, or by-law, and that the same is
in force.
3 8 . (1) This Act shall not, save as is herein ex pressly provided, exempt any person from any action or suit which might, but for the provisions of this Act, have been brought against him.
(2) This Act shall not exempt any person from
any indictment or other proceeding for a nuisance, or
for an offence which is indictable at common law or
| person be punished twice for the same offence. | under any Act other than this Act, so, however, that no | (3) Where proceedings are taken before any |
court against a person in respect of any offence under this Act, which is also an offence indictable at common law, or by some Act other than this Act, the court may direct that, instead of those proceedings being continued proceedings shall be taken for indicting the person at common law or under such other Act.
P A R T
P A R T V I I I . GENERAL PROVISIONS.
3 9 . I f any person forges or counterfeits any stamp or mark required by this Act to be placed on apparatus for testing inflammable liquid, or alters any such stamp or mark placed on any such apparatus, he shall be guilty of felony, and shall be liable on conviction to imprison
ment with or without hard labour for a term not exceeding
five years.4 0 . I f any person engaged or employed in the business or trade of hair-dressing uses or applies mineral spirit to the hair or person of any customer, he shall be
liable to a penalty not exceeding one hundred pounds.4 1 . (1) All notices, certificates, and documents under
this Act shall be in writing or print, or partly in writing
and partly in print.
(2) All notices, certificates, and documents (in
cluding applications for licenses), directed by or required
for the purposes of this Act, may be sent by post or
otherwise.The Governor may, from time to time, make and when made repeal, alter, and add to rules for the purposes
4 2 .
of rescinding, altering, or adding to any general rules
contained in this Act.4 3 . (1.) The Governor may, by proclamation in the
Gazette, declare —
fa) any liquid to be " inflammable liquid " ; (b) any place to be a "protected work". (2) The Governor may also, by proclamation,
declare that this Act, or any enactments thereof, shall apply to any substance, and this Act or the enactments
thereof specified in the proclamation shall thereupon
apply to such substance, and shall be construed and have effect as if throughout it such substance had been included in the definition of inflammable liquid, subject to the qualification that—
(a)
the quantities of such substance which may be kept in registered premises, and the conditions under which such quantities may be so kept,
and
and the quantit ies of such substance which may be kept in a place which is neither a licensed store nor registered premises, and the conditions under which such quantities may he so kept shall be such as may be specified in such proclamation;
(b) the outside of any package containing any such substance shall be marked as specified in such proclamation.
44 . The Governor may make such regulations (not being inconsistent with the provisions of this Act) as may be necessary or convenient for carrying into effect the provisions of this Act, and in particular, but without diminishing the generali ty of this provision, for—
(a) prescribing the form and manner of applying for and grant ing licenses and registrations, renewals, transfers, revocations, alterations, and amendments thereof, and fees to he paid, and fixing the periods during which such licenses and registrations and the renewals thereof shall have effect: Provided that the fee for each registration shall not exceed ten shil l ings, and for each license shall not exceed
two pounds ;
(b) prescribing the situation of licensed stores and depots, and of screen walls , and regulat ing their construction and fi t t ing-up; and pre scribing the conditions and restrictions to be observed in connection with inflammable
liquid in licensed stores and registered
premises according to the nature of the business conducted therein ;
(c) prescribing the maximum quantity of inflam mable liquid to be kept in depots according to their construction and situation, and according to the description of inflammable l iquid kept therein; (d) prescribing the construction and character of artificial l ights which may be taken into a depot ;
(e)
(e)
prescribing the quantity of sand or other material that shall be kept in registered premises or licensed stores, and the manner in which the same shall be kept.
(f) regulat ing the keeping storing, removing, conveying, and marking, and the opening and closing of packages of inflammable liquid, and of packages that have contained inflam mable l iquid in registered premises, licensed stores, and depots ;
(g) determining the notice to be given by the master of any ship or boat of intention to convey, load, or unload inflammable l i q u i d ; (h) determining the quantities of inflammable liquids which may be conveyed, loaded, or unloaded without giving such not ice; (i) regulat ing the navigation of and places for
mooring ships and boats conveying, loading,
or unloading inflammable l iqu id ;
(j)
regulating the description, construction, mark ing, ventilation, l ighting, cleaning, and general fitting up of ships, boats, and carriages used for the conveyance of inflammable l iquid ;
(k)
regulating the mode of stowing and keeping inflammable l iquid during transit, and of giving notice by brands, labels, or otherwise of the nature and destination of any package of inflammable l iquid ;
(1) regulat ing, subject to the Hawkers and Pedlers
Act, 1901, the hawking of inflammable l iquid ;
(m) regula t ing the use of fires and l ights on or
near any ships, boats, or carriages loading or unloading inflammable l iquid or in which inflammable l iquid is being or has been recently conveyed, and prohibiting the use of such fires or l ights thereon or near thereto a s may be dangerous;
(n)
regulating the placing, removal, and storage of inflammable l iquid on or from any wharf and any place within two hundred yards of any wharf ;
(o) regulating the conveyance, loading, and un
loading of inflammable l i q u i d ;
(P)
(p)
altering or adding to the Schedule to this Act prescribing the manner of testing inflammable l iquid and the construction of test apparatus : Provided that the standard model of any apparatus made in pursuance of such regu lations deposited with the chief inspector shall be so constructed as to give flash points corresponding to those given by the apparatus prescribed in the Schedule ;
(q)
prescribing fees to be paid for testing inflam mable liquid,for testing,stamping, and marking apparatus, and for any other work done for the purpose of carrying out any of the provisions of this Ac t ;
(r) prescribing penalties not exceeding fifty pounds
for any one offence for any contravention of
any regulation.
45 . Al l proclamations, rules, regulations, and by
law's made in pursuance of this Act shall be published
in the Gazette, and shall have the force of law, and take effect from the date of publication or from a later date to be specilied therein. All such proclamations, rules, regulations, and by-laws shall be laid before both Houses of Parliament within one month after they were so published if Parliament is then sitting, or, if not, then within one month after the commencement of the next session of Parliament, If either House of Parliament passes a resolution at any time within fifteen sitting days after such regulations have been laid before such House disallowing any regulation, such regulation shall thereupon cease to have effect.
46 . Al l powers given by this Act shall be deemed to be in addition to, and not in derogation of, any other
powers conferred on any local authority by any Act, or
any law, charter, or custom, and every local authority may exercise those other powers, so far as they are consistent with the provisions of this Act, in the same manner as if this Act had not passed, so, however,
that no person shall be punished twice for the same
offence.
S C H E D U L E .
S C H E D U L E .
N.B.—In this Schedule the expression "oil" means any liquid to be tested
for the purpose of ascertaining its character as inflammable liquid. Degrees of temperature are according to Fahrenheit's thermometer.
I . — N A T U R E OF THE T E S T A P P A R A T U S .
T H E a p p a r a t u s consis ts of the fol lowing p a r t s : — 1. A n oil cup
2. A cover, w i t h s l ide , tes t l a m p for oil, or tes t name a r r a n g e m e n t
for use w i th gas , a n d c lockwork a r r a n g e m e n t for opening a n d
closing the holes in t he cover, a n d for d ipp ing the t e s t flame.
3. A w a t e r ba th or h e a t i n g vessel .
4. A t r ipod ( w i t h j a c k e t ) , a n d sp i r i t l a m p or g a s a r r a n g e m e n t for
h e a t i n g the w a t e r ba th .
5. A round bu lb t he rmomete r for t e s t i ng the t e m p e r a t u r e of t he
oil, w i t h sca le r a n g i n g from 55 degrees to 160 degrees .
6. A long b u l b the rmomete r for t e s t i n g the t e m p e r a t u r e of t he
w a t e r , w i th scale r a n g i n g from 90 degrees to 220 degrees .
7. A mercu r i a l or anero id barometer .
The oil cup is a c y l i n d r i c a l flat-bottomed vessel, 2 inches in d i ame te r ,
22/10 i nches in h e i g h t ( i n t e r n a l ) , made of g u n m e t a l or brass (17 B . W . G . ) , a n d t i nned or s i lvered ins ide . I t is provided with a project ing r i m , inch wide , 3/8 inch from the top, a n d 17/8 i nch from the bot tom of t he
cup, on which i t r e s t s w h e n inse r t ed in the w a t e r ba th . A g a u g e i s
fixed on the ins ide of the cup to r e g u l a t e the he igh t to w h i c h i t i s to
be filled w i t h the sample unde r examina t ion . The d i s t ance of t h e
point from the bottom of the cup is 11/2 inch. The cup is provided w i th
a close-fitt ing over lapp ing cover, made of b r a s s (22 B . W . G . ) , wh ich ca r r i e s the thermometer , the tes t - lamp, or test-flame a r r a n g e m e n t , a n d
the ad junc t s there to . The tes t l amp, wh ich h a s a spout, the mouth
of which is inch in d iamete r , or test-flame a r r a n g e m e n t , i s suspended upon two supports b y m e a n s of t runn ions , which a l low i t to be e a s i l y
i nc l ined to a p a r t i c u l a r a n g l e a n d res tored to i t s o r ig ina l posit ion. T h e
socket in the cover , wh ich is to hold a round bu lb the rmomete r for
i n d i c a t i n g the t e m p e r a t u r e of the oil d u r i n g the t e s t ing operat ion, i s
so ad jus t ed t h a t the bu lb of t he l a t t e r i s a l w a y s inse r ted to d i s t a n c e of 11/2 inch below the cen t re of the l id .
The cover is provided w i th three holes—one in the cen t re (0-2 squa re i nch ) a n d
two sma l l e r ones (each 0 0 0 square
i nch ) close
to
t he s ides .
These a r e closed a n d opened b y m e a n s of a pivoted sl ide. W h e n the
s l ide is moved so a s to uncover t he holes, t he suspended l a m p , or test-
flame a r r a n g e m e n t , is c a u g h t b y a project ion fixed on the s l ide , and be low the surface of the l id.
t i l t e d
in such a w a y a s to b r ing the end of the spout or test flame j u s t
A s the s l ide moves hack so a s to cover
t he holes the l a m p r e t u r n s to i t s o r ig ina l posit ion Upon the cover, i n
front of a n d in a l ine w i th t he nozzle of the l amp , i s fixed a w h i t e
bead, t he d i a m e t e r of wh ich represen ts t he size of the t e s t flame to be used.
The
The w a t e r ba th or h e a t i n g vessel consists of two flat-bottomed copper
| c y l i n d e r s | (24 | B . W . G . ) — a n | inne r one | of | 3 inches d i ame te r a n d | 21/2 | inches |
| height , and | an outer one of 51/2 i nches d i a m e t e r a n d 53/4- inches | h e i g h t ; |
t h e y a re soldered to a c i r cu l a r copper p l a t e (20 B . W . G . ) perforated in the cent re , wh ich forms the top of the bath, in such m a n n e r a s to inclose the space be tween the t w o cy l inde r s , bu t l e a v i n g access to the inne r
| cy l inde r . | The top | of | the | ba th | projects | both | o u t w a r d s | and | i n w a r d s |
| about 3/8 i n c h — t h a t | is , i t s | d i ame te r | is | about 6/8 | inch | g r e a t e r | t h a n | the |
| body of | ba th , | wh i l e t he d i ame te r of | the | c i r cu l a r opening | in the | cent re |
is about the same amoun t less t han t h a t of the inne r copper cy l inde r . To the inne r projection of the top is fastened, by six sma l l screws, a flat r ing of ebonite , the sc rews being sunk below the surface of the eboni te to avoid me ta l l i c contac t be tween the hath a n d the oil cup.
| The e x a c t d i s t ance be tween the sides and | bottom of the | ba th a n d | the |
oil cup is 1/2 inch. The ba th is therefore so cons t ruc ted t h a t when the oil cup is p laced in position an a i r space or a i r chamber i n t e rvenes be tween the two ; consequent ly , in a p p l y i n g the tes t to oils f lashing
| below | 115 degrees the hea t | is t r a n s m i t t e d | g r a d u a l l y to the oil from | the |
| hot water , th rough the a i r space. | The w a t e r hath is fitted wi th a |
| socket , | set | a t a r igh t -angle , for | rece iv ing a long bu l l ) the rmometer , | to |
| i nd i ca t e | the | t empera tu re | of the | w a t e r . | I t | is also provided | w i th | a |
funnel, an overflow pipe, and two hand les .
The w a t e r b a t h res ts upon a t r ipod s tand, which is fitted w i th a
| copper c y l i n d e r or | j acke t | (24 B . W . G . ) | 61/2 | inches | d i a m e t e r , | so t h a t | the |
| ba th | is sur rounded | by an enclosed a i r space, which r e t a in s and | r egu la t e s |
| the hea t . | One of the legs of the s t and | serves as a support for a sp i r i t |
| lamp, | which is a t t a c h e d | to i t by a small | swing b racke t . | The | d i s tance |
| of the wickho lde r from the bottom of the ba th is 1 inch. | The clock |
| work | a r r a n g e m e n t | by which, du r ing the operation | of | test ing, the | s l ide |
is w i t h d r a w n a n d the test flame dipped in to the cup and raised a g a i n as the s l ide is replaced is provided wi th a ra tche t key for se t t ing it in act ion for each test, a n d w i t h a t r i g g e r for s t a r t i n g i t each t ime t h a t
| the tes t flame is appl ied . | From the beg inn ing to the end of t he |
| movement of | the s l ide the t ime t aken is to he e x a c t l y 3 seconds. |
N . B . — W h e n g a s is a v a i l a b l e i t m a y be conven ien t ly used ins tead of
| the | oil l a m p , and for | th i s purpose | a test-flame a r r a n g e m e n t for | use | w i t h |
| g a s | m a y | be | subs t i tu t ed . |
I I . — D I R E C T I O N S FOR P R E P A R I N G AXD USING THE T E S T A P P A R A T U S ,
1. Preparing the water hath.
The w a t e r ba th is filled by pouring w a t e r in to the funnel un t i l i t
beg ins to flow out a t the overflow pipe. The t empe ra tu r e of the w a t e r a t the commencement of each tes t , a s ind ica ted by the long bulb
| the rmomete r , | is to be as follows : — |
(a)
130 degrees when a flashing point at or about 73 degrees is to be observed.
(b)
160 degrees when a flashing point at or about 100 degrees is to bo observed.
(c)
180 degrees when a flashing point at or about 150 degrees is to be observed.
Th i s
This i s a t t a i n e d in the first in s t ance by m i x i n g hot a n d cold w a t e r ,
e i the r in the b a t h or in a vessel from wh ich the ba th is filled, u n t i l t he
the rmomete r w h i c h is provided for t e s t i n g the t e m p e r a t u r e of the
w a t e r g ives the proper ind ica t ion , or the w a t e r is hea ted in the b a t h by
m e a n s of a sp i r i t l a m p or g a s a r r a n g e m e n t u n t i l t he requ i red t empera
t u r e i s i nd ica t ed .
2. Preparing the test lamp.
( a ) The tes t l a m p i s fitted w i th a piece of c y l i n d r i c a l wick of such th ickness t h a t i t fills the wick holder, but m a y be r ead i l y moved to and fro for the purpose of ad jus t ing the size of the flame. In the body of the l amp, upon the wick which is coiled w i t h i n it, is p laced a small tuft
of cotton wool mois tened w i th pe t ro leum, a n y oil not absorbed by t h e
wool be ing removed. W h e n the l a m p has been l igh ted the wick is ad ju s t ed by m e a n s of a pa i r of forceps or a pin un t i l the flame is of the size of the bead fixed on the cover of the oil cup.
Shou ld a p a r t i c u l a r tes t occupy so long a t ime t h a t the flame beg ins to ge t sma l l e r th rough the supply of the oil in t he l a m p becoming e x h a u s t e d , th ree or four drops of pe t ro leum a re a l l owed to fa l l upon the tuf t of wool in the l amp from a dropping-bot t le or p ipe t te provided for the purpose. This can be safe ly done wi thou t i n t e r r u p t i n g the tes t .
(b ) W h e n us ing g a s for t es t ing , t he j e t is to be l i gh t ed and then ad jus t ed by means of the t a p control led by means of a screw pinch cock or fine t a p u n t i l the flame is the size of the l e a d fixed on the cover of t he oil cup.
I I I . — F I L L I N G THE O I L C U P .
Before the oil cup is filled the lid is to be made ready by being p laced
upon the cup, i.e., the round bu lb the rmomete r is to be inse r t ed in tothe socket, so t h a t the pro jec t ing r im of the col lar w i t h which i t is
fitted touches the edge of the socket , a n d the tes t l a m p is to be p laced
in position. The oil cup i s to be cooled w h e n necessary to a tempera
tu re not e x c e e d i n g — ( a ) 60 degrees , w h e n a flashing point a t or about 73 degrees i s be ing observed ;
(b) 85 degrees, when a flashing point at or about 100 degrees is be ing observed ; (c) 135 degrees, when a flashing point at or about 150 degrees is
be ing observed, b y p lac ing i t bot tom d o w n w a r d s in w a t e r a t a s u i t a b l e t e m p e r a t u r e . T h e oil cup is now to be r a p i d l y wiped d ry , p laced on a level surface in a good l i g h t , a n d the oil to be tes ted is poured in w i t h o u t sp l a sh ing
u n t i l i t s surface i s level w i t h t he point of the g a u g e wh ich i s fitted i n
t he cup. T h e l id is then p u t on the cup a t once a n d pressed down so
t h a t i t s edge res t s on the r i m of the cup.
I V .
I V . — A P P L I C A T I O N OF THE T E S T .
1. The w a t e r ba th , w i th i t s t he rmomete r i n position, i s p laced in
| some loca l i ty | where i t is not exposed to cu r ren t s of | a i r , a n d w h e r e | the |
| l igh t is sufficiently subdued to a d m i t of the size of t he en t i r e | test |
| flame being compared wi th tha t of the bead on the cover. | The cup |
| is ca re fu l ly lifted, wi thout | s h a k i n g it, a n d | placed in the ba th , the | tes t |
lamp is l igh ted , and the c lockwork wound up by t u r n i n g the k e y . The the rmomete r in the oil cup is now watched , and the c lockwork is set in motion by press ing the t r igger , when the t empe ra tu r e has reached- -
(a) 63 degrees, when a flashing point at or about 73 degrees is
be ing observed. (b) 90 degrees, when a Hashing point at or about 100 degrees is being observed. (c) 140 degrees, when a fashing point at or about 150 degrees is being observed.
If no flash t akes p lace the c lockwork is a t once re-wound and the t r i gge r pressed a t the nex t h igher degree , a n d so on a t e v e r y degree
| rise of t empe ra tu r e | unt i l the flash occurs. |
2. W h e n a flashing point a t or above 115 degrees is be ing observed the a i r chamber is to be filled to a depth of 1 1/ 2inch w i th cold w a t e r
before the oil cup con ta in ing the oil to be tes ted is p laced in posit ion.
3. The t e m p e r a t u r e at which a f lash occurs, if not wi th in 8 degrees
of the t empera tu re a t which the tes t ing was commenced, is the observed flashing point of the oil, and by correction of the observed flashing point for a tmospher ic pressure as he re inaf te r described, the t rue Hashing point is obta ined.
4. If, however , the flash t a k e s place a t a n y t empera tu re w i t h i n
8 degrees of the t empe ra tu r e at which the t e s t ing was commenced, t he test is to be rejected, and the whole operation of t es t ing is to be repea ted wi th a fresh port ion of the sample , t he tes t ing , however , to begin a t 10 degrees lower than the t empe ra tu r e a t which the f lash has been p rev ious ly obta ined. If necessary , th is procedure sha l l be repeated
| wi th fresh port ions of oil un t i l a f lash has been obta ined at a tem |
| p e r a t u r e | not | wi th in 8 degrees of | the | t empe ra tu r e a t which | the | tes t ing |
| w a s | commenced. |
5. The t empera tu re a t which the las t -ment ioned f lash occurs is t he
observed flashing point of the oil, and by correct ion of the observed flashing point for a tmospher ic pressure as here inaf te r described, the t rue Hashing point is obta ined.
G. I n r epea t ing a test a fresh sample of oil mus t a l w a y s be used, t he
tes ted sample be ing th rown a w a y , and the cup mus t be wiped d r y from
a n y adhe r ing oil, a n d cooled, a s a l r e a d y descr ibed, before rece iv ing the
| fresh | sample . |
7. If in a n y case no flash has occurred when a t empera tu re ha s been
reached which is not w i t h i n 8 degrees of the t empe ra tu r e a t which the
t e s t ing w a s commenced, and which , a f te r correction for a tmospher ic
pressure ,
pressure, i s not less t h a n 73 degrees , a n d the t e s t s a r e not r equ i red to be cont inued, the oil sha l l be deemed to h a v e a t r u e flashing point of not less t h a n 73 degrees .
8. If no flash h a s occurred w h e n a t e m p e r a t u r e ha s been reached
w h i c h is not w i t h i n 8 degrees of t he t e m p e r a t u r e a t wh ich the t e s t i ng
w a s commenced, a n d which , af ter correct ion for a tmospher ic pressure , i s not less t h a n 1 0 0 degrees , a n d the t e s t s a re not requi red to be con t inued , the oil sha l l be deemed to have a t r u e flashing point of not less
t h a n 1 0 0 degrees . 9. In t he same manner , if no flash has occurred when a t e m p e r a t u r e
h a s been reached w h i c h i s not w i t h i n 8 degrees of the t e m p e r a t u r e a t
wh ich the t e s t i ng w a s commenced, and which , af ter correct ion for a tmospher ic pressure , i s not less t h a n 1 5 0 degrees , a n d the t e s t s a r e not r equ i red to be cont inued , the oil sha l l be deemed to have a t rue
flashing point of nut less t han 150 degrees .
V . — C O R R E C T I O N FOR A T M O S P H E R I C P R E S S U R E .
A s the flashing point of a n oil i s influenced b y c h a n g e s in a tmos pher ic pressure to an a v e r a g e of 1-6 degrees for e v e r y inch of the barometer , a correct ion of the observed flashing point, is necessary w h e n e v e r the ba romete r does not s t a n d a t 30 inches . Th i s correct ion
i s to be made in the fol lowing m a n n e r : —
If t he ba romete r s t a n d s a t less t han 30 inches ( the normal h e i g h t of the barometer ) , add to the observed flashing point 1-6 t imes the difference (measured in inches) be tween the a c t u a l a n d normal barometer . If
t he ba romete r s t ands above 30 inches , deduc t from the observed flash i n g point 1-6 t imes the difference be tween the a c t u a l a n d normal barometer .
T h e nea res t whole number to the resu l t of th i s correct ion i s to be t a k e n a s the
corrected
flashing
point, and
if the resu l t i s e x a c t l y
m i d w a y be tween two whole numbers the h i g h e r whole n u m b e r is to be t aken .
For e x a m p l e : Suppose an oil ha s an observed flashing point of 72
degrees , the barometer be ing 27-1 inches, then the difference be tween
30-0 inches a n d 27 1 inches is 2-9 inches . This resu l t m u l t i p l i e d by TO i s 4 6 1 . which has to be added to 72, m a k i n g 76-64. The nea res t whole number to th i s is 77 degrees , which is to be t a k e n a s the corrected Hashing point, and if the t es t ing had been commenced a t or below 64 degrees , the t rue flashing point is 77 degrees .
A g a i n : Suppose the observed flashing point of an oil to be 96 degrees ,
a n d the t e s t ing had been commenced a t 87 degrees and the ba romete ri nd i ca t ed 30-6 inches. The t rue flashing point of the oil is the nea res t
whole n u m b e r to 96 m i n u s the product of 0-6 mu l t ip l i ed b y 1 - 6 — t h a t is , 95 degrees .
The r e a d i n g s of the ba romete r a re to be corrected read ings , in accord
ance w i t h t he correct ions app l i cab le to t he i n s t r u m e n t in use. T h e
i n s t r u m e n t mus t be compared pe r iod ica l ly w i th the s t a n d a r d b a r o m e t e r a t the office of the chief inspector , a n d r egu la t ed the reby .
V I .
VT. APPLICATION- OF THE TF.ST TO VISCOUS FLUIDS OH PREPARATIONS.
Tf the flashing lest has to be applied to substances of a viscous or semi-solid nature which cannot be poured (such as solutions of india- rubber in mineral naphtha), the mode of proceeding is as follows :—-
One fluid ounce or two tablespoonfuls of the substance to be tested is placed in the cup, and the cover is put on. 'Pile air chamber in the water bath is filled with water to ;\ depth of 11, inch, and the temperature of the water hath is raised to !)!.) degrees. The cup is then put into the bath, and the temperature of the water bath maintained at !I0 degrees throughout the test. After the lapse of fifteen minutes the test tlame is to be applied. If no flush occurs the heating is continued for another fifteen minutes, and the test-flame again applied, and so on until a Hash takes plate, or tin temperature in the cup has reached 'JO degrees, and so on.
'The temperature at which a 'lash occurs is tin; observed flashing point of the substance, and, subject to correction for atmospheric pressure as hereinbefore described, is the true flashing point.
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