Impiombato v BHP Group Limited (No 4)

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FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

Impiombato v BHP Group Limited (No 4) [2023] FCA 1354

File number: VID 649 of 2018
Judgment of: MOSHINSKY J
Date of judgment: 3 November 2023
Catchwords: PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – representative proceeding – form of opt out notice – where an issue arose between the parties as to the correct interpretation of “group member” definition
Legislation: Federal Court of Australia Act 1976 (Cth), s 33H
Cases cited:

Impiombato v BHP Group Limited (No 2) [2020] FCA 1720

Klemweb Nominees Pty Ltd (as trustee for the Klemweb Superannuation Fund) v BHP Group Limited [2019] FCAFC 107; 369 ALR 583

Division: General Division
Registry: Victoria
National Practice Area: Commercial and Corporations
Sub-area: Corporations and Corporate Insolvency
Number of paragraphs: 32
Date of hearing: 18 October 2023
Date of last submissions: 27 October 2023
Counsel for the Applicants: Mr AD Pound SC with Mr EL Olivier
Solicitor for the Applicants: Phi Finney McDonald and Maurice Blackburn Lawyers
Counsel for the Respondent: Ms WA Harris KC with Mr K Loxley
Solicitor for the Respondent: Herbert Smith Freehills

ORDERS

VID 649 of 2018
BETWEEN:

VINCE IMPIOMBATO

First Applicant

KLEMWEB NOMINEES PTY LTD (AS TRUSTEE FOR THE KLEMWEB SUPERANNUATION FUND)

Second Applicant

AND:

BHP GROUP LIMITED (ACN 004 028 077)

Respondent

ORDER MADE BY:

MOSHINSKY J

DATE OF ORDER:

3 NOVEMBER 2023

THE COURT ORDERS THAT:

1.The applicants confer with the respondent and provide to the Court a revised draft of the opt-out notice that reflects the Court’s reasons for judgment dated today.

2.Costs be reserved.

Note:   Entry of orders is dealt with in Rule 39.32 of the Federal Court Rules 2011.


REASONS FOR JUDGMENT

MOSHINSKY J:

Introduction

  1. On 18 October 2023, a hearing took place before me for the purpose of considering the form of a proposed opt-out notice and associated orders.  Before the hearing, the parties had conferred in relation to the proposed notice and orders.  While the parties were largely agreed, there were five issues that needed to be resolved.  Four of those issues were resolved at the hearing and in an email from my chambers to the parties later on the day of the hearing.  However, I reserved my decision in relation to one issue, namely the correct interpretation of the “group member” definition in the applicants’ originating application and pleading.  This affects the wording of the opt-out notice.  These reasons concern that issue.

  2. The definition of group member in the applicant’s consolidated originating application dated 16 August 2019 (the originating application) is as follows:

    The Group Members to whom this proceeding relates are all persons who or which:

    1.during the Relevant Period entered into a contract (whether themselves or by an agent or trustee) to acquire an interest in:

    (a)       BHP ASX Shares; and/or

    (b)       BHP LSE Shares; and/or

    (c)       BHP JSE Shares;

    2.are not within the classes of excluded persons referred to in paragraph 3(b) of the consolidated statement of claim; and

    3.are alleged to have suffered loss or damage by, or…

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Details
Case
[2023] FCA 1354
Decision Date

CaseChat Overview and Summary

In the matter of Impiombato v BHP Group Limited (No 4), the Federal Court of Australia was tasked with resolving a dispute regarding the form of an opt-out notice in a representative proceeding. The case arose from a broader proceeding concerning whether non-resident persons could be considered "group members" under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). The dispute centred on the interpretation of the term "group member" as it pertains to the opt-out notice provided to potential class members in the representative proceeding. This interpretation was critical to ensuring that the notice accurately reflected the legal requirements and provided adequate information for individuals to opt out of the proceeding if they wished.

The central legal issue before the court was the interpretation of the term "group member" within the context of the opt-out notice. The court had to determine whether the opt-out notice adequately identified and informed potential class members, particularly those who might be non-resident, about their rights and options in the proceeding. The court also had to consider the evidence provided by the parties regarding the structure and operations of the BHP Group, including the listing and trading of shares in BHP Ltd and BHP Plc across various stock exchanges.

The court found that the original opt-out notice did not sufficiently address the definition of "group member" and the implications for non-resident individuals. The court concluded that the notice needed to be revised to provide clearer information about the class members' rights and the process for opting out. The court ordered the applicants to confer with the respondent and prepare a revised draft of the opt-out notice that accurately reflected the court's reasoning and judgment. The court reserved costs, indicating that further consideration would be given to the issue of costs at a later stage.

In light of the court's judgment, the primary order was that the applicants would work with the respondent to revise the opt-out notice to ensure it met the necessary legal standards. The court emphasised the importance of clarity in the notice to protect the rights of all potential class members, including those who might be non-resident. The case underscored the need for precise and comprehensive communication in representative proceedings to ensure all participants are fully informed and able to exercise their legal rights.

Orders

Orders of the court

1. The applicants confer with the respondent and provide to the Court a revised draft of the opt-out notice that reflects the Court’s reasons for judgment dated today.

2. Costs be reserved.

Note: Entry of orders is dealt with in Rule 39.32 of the Federal Court Rules 2011.

Background

Background to the litigation

An overview of the proceeding is contained in my judgment on an interlocutory application filed by BHP Ltd relating to whether non-resident persons could be group members: see Impiombato v BHP Group Limited (No 2) [2020] FCA 1720 at [4]-[11].Background facts In Ms Tran’s affidavit dated 19 October 2023, she gives evidence (which I accept for present purposes) that, during the Relevant Period:(a)BHP operated under a dual listed company structure with two parent companies, BHP Ltd and BHP Plc;(b)BHP Ltd was incorporated in Australia and BHP Plc was incorporated in the UK;(c)BHP Ltd had a primary listing on the ASX in Australia and its ordinary shares were admitted for quotation and trading on the ASX; and(d)BHP Plc had: (i) a premium listing on the UK Listing Authority’s Official List and its ordinary shares were admitted to trading on the LSE in the United Kingdom; and (ii) a secondary listing on the JSE in South Africa. Further, in the same affidavit, Ms Tran gives evidence on an information and belief basis (which I accept for present purposes) that, during the Relevant Period:(a)BHP Ltd was already admitted to the official list on the ASX and its ordinary shares were available for trading on the ASX and on other exchanges;(b)BHP Plc was already admitted to the official lists on the LSE and JSE and its ordinary shares were available for trading on the LSE and JSE respectively, and on other exchanges;(c)ordinary shares in BHP Ltd:(i)were (or had been) issued by BHP Ltd and were maintained by BHP Ltd on a share register that records the identity of the registered shareholders and buy/sell trading activities of those shareholders;(ii)could be and were traded on the ASX, being the primary trading platform or exchange;(iii)could be and were traded on other trading platforms or exchanges, sometimes referred to as secondary trading platforms, such as the exchange operated by Cboe Australia Pty Ltd;(d)ordinary shares in BHP Plc:(i)were (or had been) issued by BHP Plc and were maintained by BHP Plc on a share register (separate from the share register of BHP Ltd) that records the identity of the registered shareholders and buy/sell trading activities of those shareholders;(ii)could be and were traded on the LSE, being the primary trading platform or exchange;(iii)could be and were traded on the JSE, being the secondary trading platform or exchange;(iv)could be and were traded on other trading platforms or exchanges, such as the exchanges operated by BATS Chi-X Europe;(e)there was also a separate (secondary) register for trades in BHP Plc that occurred on the JSE, and those trades were reflected on the (South African) share register of BHP Plc; and(f)trades in ordinary shares in BHP Ltd and BHP Plc were reflected on the respective share registers, but (other than as set out in paragraph (e) above) the share registers do not record the platform upon which the trades occurred. If and to the extent that the evidence in Mr Watson’s affidavit dated 27 October 2023 differs from the evidence set out above, it appears that any differences are minor and are not material for present purposes.

Evidence

Evidence Before The Court

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Decision

Reasons for decision

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Ratio Decidendi

Legal Principle Established

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