Ferguson v Federal Commissioner of Taxation

8 .

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( a )

doing o r con.tiniri11;;

or* being I ~ d r x t y t o -&e

d,oing ojq

continu:ir!.g of a.?.Jy :ict .i.rl c:oncctr-t wi th any other>	I l
I

person c o n ~ t u .

-l;l:~(:,

c-?nga[j'i.ng i n collduct

f o r

tlic purpo;-;c of i-i:inr.ir:~

.j.iig oiq p11evt'nt5.nf; 1;llc su:pply

i,y- S , P.

l Io:L mnrl 62

,'-k:11:;

j:).tjr. J>-L;d

-to the p ia i l l - t i f f

P:r.j.bass P-i:y. 1,td.

91- tl:le iiiipos:i.t;.i.on and i .m~~lemi-ni ;~~, - t j jc~~~

of any ban u.po1.1 i:hc I.o:;G:!.ng,

clel._ive~~y

o r O-they

k~al~c:ling

o f n1ea-t; or- ri1i.a.t producJis ordered 01-

rc?c~uiz-etl by

-i;l.le 1pl.n.i.n-Li

.f:C f 1-om S , P.

IIolman & Sol>:; P L y e

L t d .

o r intended.

c;c?li.very t o t h e pla.in-l;j.ff c~nti

ronl

aidifill;,

abeJi.i:in{;,

c~ui l se l l . ing- ,

procur ing

o r

iisduc:i.nl; any persol.]

-to ;]c-t o r a c t i n g in c0ncer.i; ~l.it2.1

a r ~ y

o'ther pe:r:;on o r persolis :.::-I tile engaging in any such

co.l.ld~ct:

t11.i:

c ~ l l i - : ' ~ ~ ~ ~ - i . i : f ;

07: :i.irij>!.~~!t~l~t<..ilg

of any such ban c

( b )

a i d i n g ,

abc.ltirlg,

cou , ;c l l ing ,

p~-ocul-ing, being

co:~cerncd in ox- i r!di.~(.::i.r~~

or. c?.t;.i;c~!~p

tint;. to

.i.nducc.

o f

i t s bus i r~es s

a.-i; 230 iYo11n-t S t ~ e e t ,

Burnie frorn

2 .

thesc proceedings s o f a r a s -L!zey

relate t o t h e ques t ions

tlama./;;e cl- pen~2.l-ty 1,o

atiJ o~~217:-1c!d

-to a datc? t o be f'ixcti

on -i;hc appli.ca-t.1

oli o:F ar:.;) p:i;..ty .

I Y.'G. No. 62 of 19'78

October 7 978 and -Lk~c.rc:n:T-tc:? :in -!:he inon-l;hs of Oct;o'j>c~?	and I:!~\~slj~i)zl-	:
al leged

011

I 6 l\Tovt?!!;Bor. 19'7G

I I ~ O I - 1

-;,L C:

app]. ic;.-tj.012 of

-khe p j . : J j . ~ j ~ ~ j , j ; ~

an :i Yl-t(?

rl0 GU-:;O~?>T il!J

un c-i;<.sg ;:,;;i

L 1,

,~?;-:n-1;~cj-

j- j l .i;iTe se

l?i'occc?d.in~<

,.ill~;l-(-:l)y

.tllc (lr~:r:?ji<:;l-)-i-:;

2116 c?a(=].j

~ ) f t).lcl-,j

\ir(,l-a(2

re:; i .3~; l~j .x lc~j

u.~~.L;j.:l

dct,(:mli.na-f-j.on

of .t!j(,:;e r ~ ~ y ~ r ~ - . ~ ~

' r --ca

IL;. , OI*, S

~ r t l ~ c : ~ ~

order

:Cro:l; :

- -

clay:;

ar~d on

Sntuu-dijy mo::n

i .~ j r , s ;r1:6 in i l:; ~ n j

.l!:.

ba r a1.one on

its

~ i ' t ~ d ? .

;+l~ol.esale

frorrc J.To?.::~an. llhc incai; is c u t up arid paclcaqed

tile p l a i n t

j.f l': lvho cit?p!.i~ya a l j~~i:~:ll t?r

and 1~uir.chcrs

' ass.i.st::rits

to do

C l - i i s

wor3.

, l u r i n g

11orr11;l.i.

hol.irs

f r o m I.t,,~liiay t o Friday.

TJICY

d o n o work

oil

S a t ~ i ~ i l d y

G!:

$!~r~dz;t,

):)acIs;rgc?cj. meal:

has bee11 so ld ; ~ t

the sul.!i?~~nai:I:<?.t

o!l

sat11 ~ : . i , l C , y ~

9.1: :303!C3

ej.glit \ T ~ ~ L . S

IJII t il

Septeidcr 1977

Lhe

b u s i n e : ; ~

\,~~,-t:3 c,?r-r:ied oii

?2y

orle

S ~ I - l g l i n c . 1:n

respgnsa

to ~nj.o:.i rcp!:c:::r.ntc?fr.:i.o~):.:

si.ngl.i.l-le 11ad surqxincied

Satul-day

sa1.c~

f o r u h ~ r t

~;~erj.otla

fl-cjfi~

t i n l ~

to time b~lt:

Sat:urcl-lny

m o r n i r i g

tl:acii~lq in

packoc~ri:%

m m i :

\as ~:~)~-l('liic-i:c+d

by him dusli-ilg

about

c.i.cj!~ty p ~ ~ c r ; . r l t

of c;tci:~

yu i ! ] : ,

Sincc Septen?.,er 3.9 '7 '7

Sat-.v.rcidy

morning

. i : r~di

ng i n pa~l;;:ir;~~tl

rr.~c?ii.l:. lms i,ec?n cc)i-l-i j.nuous.

1.12 tl:.:? co7.

,L . ,U

2 r -

tl1i.o

cs:;e the 1;aut i e s 31a v;.

~ u ' b : : ~

tanI-. ia

.ZIl.y

ignored t h e Satur-ds y

after.r~c)rzrl

ilrl~i Sunday l:r;~cl.:i.ny

t h e pl.a.ir1-tiff.

It-. i s the Satvr:day

. C .

rnarr~il.~g

t r c ~ c l i ~ i c j

V J I I ~ C : ~ ~

i.;-; ; : : . i c ; r~~~ :~c i -~ r~- t~

to t?.~i:l

p;~rt j .es .

l i e ta i l bu.:-.chc:rsl

sYbc>l:)::

do n!.,t. open for business on

Sa tu rdays or

Surldays

Uurnir. :

01:

a n y v ~ h c r c else i r i ~asmar1i.a.

??iis i s cl prdc.Li.ce suppor.t:ed by tl-~e

Meat aild A!.lj.ed Trades

Federa t ion

Au:;tral-is.,

':~~?S~\I;III .~.~II. .I ~ i v i s i o c i ,

of whicl .1 ahoul-.

r ~ r i nt3-k.y p c ? r

u c n L

'I1;r i in^;;‘^

rc.: !.c'ri].~t~:::

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v z l v c d l ~ p

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licTe~-!d;.ll,i,s

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,-,

and !','i:r-,

Dasse-1; the

??xecu.L;i

vo lJi.l-.r,c.:.tc;s-hs of 'ilic? l.r:.;:.i J I i,.i:i':i' .Illat t!!e

p?_rj.i~~'t.j-:r:f'

51) (~l::l.ci

-.-

f a s t l y refused t o do s o .

1.t. :'~.c; i;f

~ o u : ~ s i .

cj.ui.te 1.a~::fv.l f o r .l:I:c

s~?.pcr;:-iar!:e.t -Lo sell mcn-t L\!-) S~::.i;~i-*~i~i;~:;

2nd .t-i~el-e

i s no-t:l?ing

t l l c

sup c . r ~ . ~ i a . l - j ~ -

o c :;c? ; . l

iioy:cvel- .i. t; 111a y i)c a

cii.f~C?i-.i-nJ~

l ! l

' L t ~ . r - *

??h211 l!:?i:iil

l!i~;:liL(?>.':3 i i ~ ' L

: L J ~ C O I . C C ~ ~ ~

t.0

' t i i l ~ e

s'.:L:!.;:(:.k

a c t j 012

p:!9~:~(:j:~'b

<?l:;;>:~-(l>-~::[~'

:rr~\!l

~ ~ t ~ . ~ ~ i > l - ) r ~ l ? [ <

il1~;i-(; -[;U I;~>C

:.:i);;C?i--.

mark-e-1; and -I;lle lirl:ic)n

anti ; ? l i j r

0.f .it

:: of:f:icc:rz. arbe i~.!.voI.v~cI

-bl~r-.r:.i!;.

%'he pl .a in t i i ' f con.L?r!ris .i;ll:zi;

.the :;.i.<:pr, -I;:ilrc~i by l-1o:Lrn:ln :; crrl.:.:%~;;rces

\{h0 arc: mcml~er:; of -i:ilc Uii:i c

;

, i l l c p~j.c:.i..l;

y ; : i .L}:! oc(;]l o-l;ll(:-

j l

\ tzly

cal.c~!latecl t o and clid. ca-[IS?

lou:; :!.i.-.d damage to -the bt~s.j.liess of .t!x

pl.ail~?;ifE and v c r e :i.il

brc>:.lc1-i o.C

-i:j-:,?

I r ~ \ ; r

0 -L12 2.1: tZ-:e Ihs.ioi? a ~ j ~ i

(i) t h e rc~n~?.llr:ir.r?.-l:?

0x1

condi-t i .ons o:f

elaploymen.!.,

l~ou.;-c;

of' WOTI: 01' :.!01.'1: 'i.!~;:; co:lc;?::Li:,fi:;

of .l;ll3-i; per.s(:l-L 0.j.

f ' :

;

I - ,

i . Ly

cl!!j;:].ojrey (:F'

-t,Jl .'-

. ~ ] , . . ~ . ~ ~ ~

1, ,

of the Ihz:i.on r,::s:.r:,.?cl re~o?~u't.i_o.!7:;

c ~1do.i.>.';.i.l7

- t . l j ~ pr.i.ncip3.e

~ : f

n o r t h west cocls-l; sub-bra ixh

tho Unibn v,rexlc angry at -bhe

p l a i n - t i f f ls

weeltcnd

t r a d i n g

I n meat.

During

the

n e x t

-1:hree

days

t h r e e members

i n t he r e t a i l s e c t i o n of

t h e sub-branch

complainctcl :to F5r.

Swallo~v of

t h e plaj.11-1;if'f S conduct i n r e l a t i o n

t o Sa-turday morning

t r a d i n g and

inquirecl v!het:l~er t h e p o l i c y o f

t11

Union had changed.

A s a r e s u l t of -these complaints M r .

Svrallow

aga in spoke t o M r .

Wright,

a d ~ i s e d

him t h a t because of Union

pol-icy he had no

op t ion but

cons idc r t a k i n g s c t i o n t o prevent

, the supp1.y of ineat t o t h e pl-ain-1;iff and accord ing ly he vould acivi

the members of t h e Union i n Tosrnmia of t h e p l a i n t i f f I s at - t i t i ldc .

20 October Mr, S ~ ~ a l l o w

v i s i t e d

N .

Wright

and

advised him

- tha t he had

opJiion bu-t t o t a k e a c t i o n t o s t o p t h e

supply of

mcat -to t h e p l a i n t i f f .

Wi-th a view t o achieving this

M r .

S v ~ a l l o ~ r

contac-ted v!holcsalers

of meat i n Tasnlania t o

ascer-Lzin vihich

of.

them

supp l i ed n:ea-t; t o t h e p l a i n t i f f .

H e

a s c e r t a i n e d

t h a t

the

only

su-ppl ie r of

mzat

t o

t h e

p l a i n t j - f f

was Holman, Mr. Svlallo~r

-then contac-tcd M r .

T\,ielrose I-lolmzrl a

direc-I;oll of Holmsn by . te lephone and xo3.d him t h a t a c t i o n would be

t aken t o prevcn-t; suppl-y of

meat t o t h e p l a i n t i f f .

23 Oc-Lober Mr.

Si~raliow c a l l e d a meeting of ~ne~nb~zrs

crnpl.oyec! by

Holman

.in i t s \~!liolesal-e

and

r e - t a i l s e c t i o n s ,

twelity

i n a l l , 2nd advri.s.zcl then: of

the ac.tj.011 be ing ta.ken i n rela-!!ion

t o -Lhc supp1.y

meu-t -to t h e p l a i n t i f f .

r e s o l u t i o n re:ferxled t

I ' l , .

nil

ort ier

: i l l

' ~ k . 1 ~

j-,~~~~ct:;C:(_ij.ii;:f:i;

J.,I~.. ~?:fir:li<~r:lc;l?t

wa:; c:.,rri.c:(l by l'l;?

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I(.inp; acccl.)'l;c d 't2.1j. s l' c:] :::c.

1>~~:,s-Ll.y

bcc3.1.1:;~

of hi

S e;:-~~er.ienc,e

of i:li.~a-L hric!

?;r!.ppcned l j . 1 i,lclhoii't'!fit in 193% sl1c.n t11e marl;cJi i n

I'r~a1~1:~;in

ccm~-!~~:;lcc;d

to tr,a.<l.i-\ o:l SEI.L~.~.'~;:,T)~!;

d~.- lj.12g

the I'co.tl)al.l

s c : ~

son f

roln

/!pr'l.1.

-Lr i l . l

ScpJit.u!bcr.

l-Ie e ~ p l ~ c s s e d .

hi.s v.1.c~: as i=c.:i.~~g

-t-hat:-.

t lI-t on117

r)il-.eris one .;-,r:r.:,c!n i l l 'lln:;anrlia

-to open and

w:i .[,l 1j.1.1

.i,v~c!

rl-xr(?

~ ~ I ~ L J - L ~ I

:, C::

c: i C

1:~

1. 1- TFIYI.

:l.. ii-!-Lo

I - i l l ~ ? ~ ~

"\!,;e vot,oii 2;>;.:.j.~:;.b

ti:<<

: ~ . : , l ~ ~ : , i ~ ~ ~ ; ~ j , r ! ~ ~

T,.!c;

( ; j - ~ ~ p l l

t1ja.L

bi C

l ' , ' O l ~ ~ L

d j? C'::; S !;t, 1

:! i., ;-.

c)i-l

(:,L)

2 3

;i- f j-<; v; :i

~ ~ , l : J . ~ ~ ~ , , r c ~ i

.t,o

[*;c,

-l 'c~y~~,. ; ; :rcl ,

By .I;]ic ~ l ~ l ~ ~ t ]

, '

13 . D

;.l..-.

: : ] j

-bLle

kIct s a i d tic was :i.>! :I':.:vvi.:;..

of .L!>(:

1?:(1-i 11c:in~ 5.inpooed on tl.15

lt:;]icjli-!c:]

-(.l-!;:y

:).<).C!?]

:-:)!,:l

foI]

>'~!i:[! ~ l 1 i . t

~ ) ~ ] - : < i ] ~ - ~ j . . ~ ~ . ' - ~

~ ] ~ c f i

~ ~ < ?

l!(? v!c;.()l.(j., \!f5? 13::,-1,:1.]:~;:].ly .; :i<,l!:.:;l

~ ! ~ ~ ~ l ~ l . ~ ~

I:K? o]~~cli:illp;

slid l:al-l<.i.ll:;

:; j-x

(!.ay y:c?i:~]cll

b,::kc>c!

i,!',j;

I ~ ; : I < ~ c - >

1 ~:i.i.,i

-(,t~:;.~ik C: \ J [ ! J>Y I>O~~

OU:~-C~. :!'~:l-l..~:'

. ,

I 1

. -

;;l:

, . .

. . .

, ;

1 . ;

, .

- .

1-t :is tc be ol)sc;-.vc:cl .t:l.~al:;

J - Io l~i~al~

c~np loys

in -the vic:illri--(.,y of n

I-lunch c c ;

~ii.rl ri.1:

-t;lle wl-~c) l . cs ;~%rs

and

expor-l;

and o-thc:r* :;ec.l;.i.cns

of' i t s bu::.incss

c21i~i about

- L \ V C > ~ V C in l l l c ?

j:.c~.L;:

:;c:

~:.i,:;.

c>:(.I ,

]:L:;

p.~?c-t ! ! i . :;I.::;

:jr,(;

-Ll~rce to

f011 r'

. 'l 0~1-k.

~ ~ f 3 T , ~ ~ l . 3

l '

3 TICI

ti3;::q.;\l ~ : I - o L ~

t11:i

bll S i.l'l~?

f; S

::ye

a of

I,c;vc;;zp~l.~-i; Dzvo):poi .-L

.i. :::

o - ~ c - ! ? ~ ~

50 liiil . f

r.c)ln Burr1j.c .

:::i.j?c(>

t l l : ,

.I. .~~;-:CI

l - ! ~ ? j ? ~ : ,

c,):T

X:,?

F! i..].

: ; ~ - I c J ~ IICA.;~?

It j.s c l e::r

r(jn! .t-.licc

v:i.dc;~.(;e of' Mr, lIol.man, a

di1.c c;'io?.- p ,c t ive .i.n -L;h.e rn;;:l;~~;r?rnc?n

'i of 1-hlrnan, t11a.t Holrr!?m

has no p].aj?s to open .i:t.s ~~:.'i:aj.l.

shop oli Scj.tur.clays

.i-.h:i'i;

(h)

pen3:L-i;y ~ ' n t e s

vf 'tiil'ie and a hai.f' fo:r t h e fir:;.L;

-two )I~U.I;S am]. do:tl.)lc time tl?ercafi;cr are a

de1;crrcn.t

;

]li.lL?

~ ' , ~ . ' ~ . ~ ~ ] C ) b ?

;i:::;<p,i~::'i .[;j.l:.;'~

j.fi -kj.l(: ~ ~ ~ j : ~ ~ i f i ! > ~ ~ ~ ~ l l ~ ~ ~ ; ;

v:hitn,j.l

ll~i~?.

CL:I..'~. >.;ell :i

I?:~:L

;

ipt

L, .

r 'r '

k.[li:l.y I.cI.K.; .;-.L W ~ S

~ x ' ~ ~ L z ~ ! ~ c ? ~ . . ) ~

rL.f.j:~Ti-y

t h a t ~ul:!e:;s

tllc pln:i.n.l;:i.:i':i c:?:.: :;c-;? -bo ' sel.1. pac!;ilged ~riea'l; c;,.:

%.t.??~d~?.l

~101.r.!.j.3lg:~

' the

S~~I,C?I.'I:~~;T':~~?;.~;S

:irlG.

.the rettl.i.1 h-[ ;cl?ers

~ o u l d

1 ; ~ f~"orcc-:d

-i.o -l;i-.~-.!!u o ~ i

S:.;-l.~:r'dti;':-, .

As r;o'l;<z:;:d u b ~ y c

on 29

J'iLI. y

c c r-i:r;:i. n

sup c. rm;

I r.!;c-Ls

.!!.l

.7. (,.l]. d j. cl

13.0i: :!?(~I-'I!~c

la).~~

opc!ll

f C, iq

(?'e~:'~['lt;d

d(]

S O

: : 1 1 ~ !

I.lnvc s.i.ncc donc-1 so, FIo:..:r->~.!~:r.,

-t;!-!c:y

d i d n o t t r ade i l l fr,esh

-0

~nea

-t.. !;j:[> . ,&;:.I 111 (>L:!

s:il. f~ .l.

?j ~ ' t ,

:!-:it

-i:l*l(? :;~I.J)

C-> ~ ~ I I I :

i :pk(:t:;

all d. y~!-t;:j i

:LP l:,:;

opencd :i.n 13ul--liic -i;he s m e	.\,:i>?j:!.cl. occur i n De.vonpor-t and gc~-~cl-.al:!.y
*J .*

id)~~'ot~r;hr3ut

.the I'lor.l;h Cc:i r;.L r r - i ; I!.(:

asL.

I+-:

s a id t11a.t. i n pa s t

yczil-:;

v,rs.s par-L o:C 1);s j"i:;?::-l;:i-orj as SI;CT'~!.:;;~.I.'Y

0:r

the

' ! ' ~ i~ l i l : !~ j . : ~ l )

. ,-.

h?ar'~cll

ti.jc? Union -Lo 12:;

a l . c ? a . t -i:o c!:i:icover

X:L

m y a n d v.;11.:2:1;

t~ l ;~der : ;

v i e l ~ :

:;e:l:?-j.~~p; ~.~t:ci.L c1-i

, r : : : . : : .~~>--d:+~7: ; ,

ancl

. .

. ,

\,, , .-l

,,:l.,,:

.j'#-)), :.,

(:(,:::::;...,;

. ! . c ; ; ,

-i ?i<.,!

, , l i ' ,

:!'.~,.

r , .

l ; , , :-:-;j(] - ; ] l : ;

i.,

JL;i-3

] ' ) ( y . ! [ ; ; ~ . i

i.;:-[,.:

( ! r ; :

h:](] f;??..><:j-::l].].\~ l:x?(:t:~

: ;~~;~:C:~:- , : - ; ;~~ ' : , J :~

TJc ~I.~JII:,:J~I:C(~

-1,1171-L Ji71-S.

S jn[ ; i j .~-~e

re ta i l . o:li Sni;-~u-c::~.y ri!o~'.:o:i;?t,:;. Lc;(-;~~:6.:ii:~~;

tc)

t 4 1 . a ~

SV!;~J-~..C)YJ I

rc.presv~~.t;j.I;ivt:i':

o ? -tile Fc.G!

:i-.;.i-i.

i-:,n

h3 .v~

s.'i.~!-;.cci

-l;lia.l: cho'~!:l.,cl

. .

?~I'L:/

~-C\-L,:I .J 3 (<la

C i:l!:~.lt>jj<::?

:;<!.!.:l.

ri ,

[

c):.:) ~ ; ~ ~ i - , ~ . ; . ~ ~ ~ : i ~

) l ? j i i l

t ; ; ;

i : i , ] . , ]

members 0.r t h e Fi.cie~:~i.t.io!-!

\:c:;i:i.d d o :I() .

1-71-

:;y!cil

]..oli! ' S:;. i.(?

t h ; : . L

\T~I?~.O'.I.S ~ ~ I I . ~ ~ ? I * ~ ~ I ~ I T ~ ) . : . c ! ~ ~ , ~

S j. I><:II

I 1.ti j.:,

> l;

[:C)]-(:

It!c-;y,.~

!;!():[':l-(i

a : j . .*~,~~(j l ; . ; - ;~

12 (jt

ine~nbez:~

(>:C

-i;llc

i l ' cdcx~a. i ;~~:~i

:;.c (.;i.;:)-t

-t-,j-jet

a~ri?c~j:c-.,,.l-[;,

b1J.t ha-iJlc :;-I;a.-i;~::.d

t h a t

i:L"

ci co:~~~~=c.i;ji-t;or

:i.s :i:l.l.ii,:!zd.

-i:o s e l . 1 lr!c;;-lr. :in a. ~llp:?:~j,j:~v:<:?t

cyi

Sc?tti..c-d;:y 01- S:i~;ci::. y -Ll?e y r.tt:;f.!.l.s;:

e t.!ic? ~:.igl,l; i:c .tl-3d.c on S:;-i;urij.sy:;

and not oi~1.y

\.i:'~13. tliey

have

~nc~ t -L

f c

1 1 -. sa3.e but; will bc cmi)l.o;ri.ns

U23:'~ 033

Z~ILIOLII'

k~)1(!3.! tl.';ld.:i..i)c; C):.! Z;r'i;~:r,d:;

j r

S U Y J : ~ ; ~ ~ ,

Mr.

O s w i n ~~llo

has ?IP(:Y:

Scc:r.o.tn:*y of .t;lle Tr-*srnr!ii:i.;in

Divj-sion of .t;hc I!"lci-L

aa:id h:!.:! :i.l?d %iqacI.c!s

!;'c.d;.r.:~~i;:i.or~

hLl.:;-t'~~i!l-ia

s.-'Lnce Au~;I:.c;-~; 19'78 gave

c.v:icir~nci.

t.1.lr1-t -!:he Di.v.ision 1s mernbi:r.i;

co!npri

:;ed ninety pc?:rcc?.~.t

o:i'

.i;?!-_!o

;-,e.f;:xi.:L bu't cl ic.~.?~

cmcl

l l , l ~ . l . +

>.'-P

1 ..-

I .

,. ,

l . , ~

L,, ~f T:I~;~!I:I.IJ~:J

t111d 121:::b

'3-!.C:

D~LT~:Ls .~ -c )~ .~

Y I :

S D],~OSC?C!.

-L0 ?.:r.ad-jlj!.; hollr.:; o1.lt,2j-(ic P40ijd:iy +!.o	J':~>:id;!y 7 a.m.	-1-0	6 p.nl.
I 1

11-ie D i v j :;j.c!n,

(3.0~:;

113-i: 1

.i;o

cr:c:

rcl-I:a:i 3 . ~ 1 . : ; t ' , c ) . i - :~ : r

0u't:;:i. (;c-:

if;

o:;?

. .

. -

j.!:)ul-s,

,i.:;

~;:);i.t-j

.:,! ,;.I-;;

L:,.i ,I. !;;lj. LL;!;..:.i-?;: :.-i:~ 1. ~ ) ; i

t . 1 . 1 ~ ; t.0

ha\rr!

t h

(>>;.i,j:; I

c:.):;

!,:; L.I[I:~, 0;

i IJ~:!II

,",:

L:;i.i-.(!:.~;,~

.[ J ~ ~ : c ! : ~ I I ; - ;

j .I.' .!.,ll~y ?j;j.\i(!

i n t h e t r a d i n g p a t t e r n occurred i n Burnie

it cannot

thought

p robable t h a t - t raders j.n

Devonport would

extend t h e i r meat

t r a d i n i hours

i n t o Sa twday .

F i n a l l y ff t h e sell-i.ng of meat

Sa.turday mornings d i d

spread t o Devonport it cannot bc	s a i d t o be probable t h a t
Holman would open on Sa.turdays.	According1.y I a m n o t

s a t i s f i e d on

balance

p r o b a b i l i t i e s

t h a t t h e

d.ominant

purpose of frie conduct engaged i n by Holman's einployces, namely

t o f o r c e

t h e

p l a i n t i f f

t o d i scon t inue

i t s p r a c t i c e

s e l l i n g

meat

Saturdays

s u b s t a n - t i a l l y r e l a t e d

t o t h e

remuneration

cond i t ions of employment,

hours of work o r working cond i t ions

of those employees o r of any o t h e r empl-oyee of Holman.

The IJnlonfs - _ I

Actions- ~ . 4 5 ~ ( 5 )

a.m

unable

t o accep t t h e con ten t ion t h a t wi th in

t h e

meaning of

s .450 (5 )

t h e Union toolc a l l reasonable s t e p s t o

prevent

t h e p a r t i c i p a ~ t s

from engaging i n t h e relevan-t: conduct.

The

t r u t h i s r a t h e r t h e r eve r se .

It has been Union p o l i c y

s i n c e

1968 t h o t where

t h e r e

i s

any

a t t empt t o t r a d e

o u t s i d e

t h e

f i v e

day working

week,

Monday

t o Fr iday

i n c l u s i v e ,

s u p p l i e s

of Ineat t o i;hc offending retailer

should be stopped.

M r . Swa1la.i.r

s a i d t h a - t t h e p o l i c y w a s	c l e a r ,	he	had	no	d i s c r e t i o n ,	2nd	h i s
duty was t o impleincn-1; it.

When t h e 1na-i;ter canx up

Union re-consic1e1-ation as a rc:;u:L-l

-I '

these prbocrcdings ~ n r ?

pij l l(>y ::is i n ~ ~ S ~ . t a l ~ i > c

a f f i m e d .

Ccrl:nin:l.)r -the Union li:~::

:;D

i! c t c d 1,i-1n.t l;hn ')an on -1hc y1.a:i.nt.i i'f

and i t s imp3.ementation has been suopcndcd u n t i l t h i s case has

been

decided,

bu t

i s c l e a r t h a t b u t

f o r t h e

i n t e r v e n t i o n

tlre

Court ,

and sub;joct t o any

ordeer r e s t r a i n i n g t h e

defendant:;

from

t a k i n g a c t i o n t o enforce

the

ban,

t h e p r o b a b i l i t y

i s t h a t i - l ; . w i l l be

enforced.

The

followil?g passage

i n M r .

SwaZl.ow1 S

evidence

i s r e l e v a n t :-

"MR mEFEY:

And assiming t h e supermarket does n o t bow

t o your wishes t h e bnn ' . v i l l go back on?---The

wishes

-the mcrnbership, M r . licerejr.

It i s q u i t e obvious

why

the

reso1.u-Lion was

c a r r i e d i n t h i s v e i n ;

t h e

~nembei-s bel.ic?vc w e

can win

i - t in

c o u r t .

I suppose every l i t i g a n i b e l i e v e s he

can win and I do

no-t blnrnz ysu for3 l;!ja-L.

Rm:ever,

t h e f a c t of t h e mat-ker

i s if you do win t h e ban goes back 0x1 and u l l e s s

S i n g l i n e s

Supermarkst

ag rees

t o t h o

union

dernand

t h e

ban w i l l s t a y on pcrmme;l-i:ly?---I

wou.ld. put it t h i s way,

t h a t if \re

v i n and we expect t o - the supernlarlcet

p ropr ic - to r s vF1.1

sec

th;t

they a r a

doing t h e r i g h t

t h i n g

and

s t e p i n t o l i r ~ e

1.1.i t h . t ; h ~ t

agreement.

Step

i n t o l - i l ~ e

under th rea t of a ban?---I

did n o t say that.

There

are

a11 s o r t s of

t h i n g s t h a t happen when

t h e y

get

b e a t

i n c o u r t .

t h e y do

n o t

s t e p i n t o l ine?---I

b e l i e v e

t h e

supermarket

p r o p r i e t o r s

a r e

reasonab1.e

e l - l o w s .

They

hsve

n o t

done

t h e rigll-L thing ua t o iiate b u t t h e r e i s no reason ~ i i y t h e y w i l l not vli~er: t h e y g e t defes.t;ed 'n3 , r e i n t h e c o u r t .

If your prediction tu~-.ils

out

t o be

c o r r e c t ar,d they do

con-tinue t o t r a d e a s 'ihcjr

Ilave be fo re ,

t he ban w i l l go

on wj.1-l it not'?-----Thzt w i l l be up t o t h e merrlbcrs of the

union,

w i l l it no t .

You at . t i- tude,

do n o t expect any chance

frnorn t h e i r p rev ious ly expresecd

do you?-----No-t; a t -t;h.is s t a g e .

It i s over-

iyhelming

rea l - ly ,

unanimous

dccisi .on.

i s . c l e a r t h a t t he ball

and

i t s ir~plcrncnta.t ion

proceeded

with t h e f u l l suppor t 2nd ar~courogrment of

the Union and it

w a s only- af-tcr the b a n had boon

i n ir:iple~-neatation.

from 23 0ctol;cr

t o t lx? m:idfi].e

Noveri?'xr

3.~1:;-t .tl?.z-i the WI- I~OI ' I 1:onk

any a c t i o n

::oRcIuc-L~ It

.[.o

YJ!.~;'

,y ; .~~- i ;

j.uy.t]l;?

r c ~l;..;;! j. :::X

::o:: p:' ";--~

I . . ,

v r r . c ; n ~ f ~ ? l

d i d so

t h o ~ l on] y

t o conlp.Ly

uj.

ti-1 I.ho

rctjui. rr mcnt s

and

8 .

- - -J-

T.1-

2 --

,--.,

, - a y

,,m

,-v, %,-l.

l , y - , l

-p,p.qf;>-;3j 12p(]

tlie

Cour-t it

i s Li l re ly t o oa])prove -the

r e v i v a l and

Aidiny; an.d kbe'k-tin~&

-..---.-

"..

.__ M r .

_....,.

S1:~c?,l.l.ow

__-_

sa.t j .sficd -1;l:a-[-. M r .

S;;ralJ.ow has

p e r s o n a l l y a ided and

abet-Led -the par-ticipaut;:; i n Lhc impos i t i cn and. i n p l e m e n - I of

the ban.

I-Ie pel-sonalhy toolc a c t i o n designed -to ensure -Uiat. the

implementation

t h e bzn would be

e f f e c t i v e i n

depriving t h e plaintiff o f a l l mcat supp l i es .

I t was he' who

having

ascer ta i r le d

t h a t

t h e

p l a i n t i f f

would

n o t

conipl-y \\;it&

the

Union dernarld that: it cease t o t r a d e i n meat on Saturdays ,

searched f o r and

found t h a t -the p l a . i n t i f f

only whol-esale

suppl iel i was ISolrnan arid intimated t o it tliat. t h e r e would be a ban on fu r the r , s u p p l i e s t n t h e p:l.ai.n:tiff. It was Mr. Swnl1oi.r

who

c a l l e d t h e meeting of

the r e l e v a n t employees a

put

before

t h e meeting t h e "case1' referred t o by Mr.

Icing.

That h i s coriducl

was designed t o encourage iu-~d indeed t o procure t h e imposi-ti.012

of t h e ban and i-ts i.mpl_c.r~!c.nt~tl.on

is q u i t e c l e a r .

Indcccl Mr.

Swallow regardccl it as no rmre .than his ciu-l;y t o do so.

That he

s o regarded j:l;

i s n o t ~ ~ e l e v a i i t

.to t h e cluc:;t:ion

whether

o r n o t h2

and

a k - b t e d t h e

pa r t i c i ; - , an t s i n t h e

comrnissiol~ of

t h e

r e l e v a n t

cc:

See the remarks of Viscaunt :;."non L.C. i n Crof-ter J-land !'!oven 111r?'?'

--- ---p---

L-t

Tweed CO ./ v. ?!ej.tck

suprz) a t p .441 . and Inclus-trial Enl:er.nri F:?:;

---.-W----

----- ----

p-----

v. Thi; Fc~dc?:.al;ccl Stow'e!ncl-l

----. .--------

ancl Poc1,:ers

Union of Austro1i.a.

( s u p r n )

--..---W

I n view of

t h e adjournmc?n:i; of these pr.ocecdings s o f a r

a s tl?cy rc?la-i:c t o penal:l;y

or- dai;~ages whicl!

j.:;

p a r t of t h e

order. 'to Lx:

madc -th:i.s d r l ~ ~ ,

i.1;

unnccer::;asy

-t;o d e a l t~i- i ; l ; -ttie

con-1-.cn-t,i.on (v ) raj.sed utlCc:~:,

:;. 8 1 5 ( G )

3-1;

-i-.hj.s s-t:!!r~.

sub:;-Lan'Lrial l o s s arid dm:igc

t o t h e bus iness of f;lie p1ain'l;iff

and t h a t it would have cont inued 'to cause such l o s s and

damage so l.oi?g as tlie part:i.c.i.pxnts engaged t h e r e i n .

The

circwns-tances were

such t h a t t h e plainml;i.ff was unable

t o

o b t a i n

adequate

a l t e r n a t i v e

s u p p l i e s

and

t h a t

i t s

c a p a c i t y

t o

o b t a i n such

supp3.ics w o ~ l d

become l e s s a s time went on.

The

e f f e c t on

t h e

b u s i ~ i e s s

the p l a i n t i f f

t h e r e l e v a n t

conduct a s r evea led hy -tl:c

evidence was i n substanca t h a t t h e r e

was a recluc"c:ion

i n s a l e s 01 meat for. eacl-I week

dur ing t h e ,

.con'tinv.ance of

the

r e l e v n i ~ t

c o i ~ d ~ l c t ,

of approximatel-y one-

third.

From

average norixal

s a l c s i n hhe v i c i n i t y of

a g r o s s

amount of

about $4,400.00

t h e r e was

a g r o s s p r o f i t of

about

$1 ,4.00.00.

Allowing f o r expenses of s a l e s of $951+ made up of

wages,

p l a n t , wrapping,

power,

insurance and. ho l iday and

long

s e r v i c e

l eave

en t i t l en ie f i~ i ;~

-the ne-t p r o f i t was

84-46.

r educ t ion of

one-third

i n s a l e s ~ e s u l t e d

in a reduc t ion of

one

tl3.ird of

t h e g r o s s p ro f i t . .

The

t ~ c k l y

g r o s s p r o f i t was

reduced

t.0 about $934.00.

Hut

f o r .the most p a r t , it appears , overheads

(expenses of

s a l e s )

r e a i a i q ~ d

col-1s.tan-t: anti the 103s of

s a l e s

reduc:ed

-Uie n e t p r o f i t by

considerab1.y more

than t h e l o s s of

g r o s s profi-t . on those s a l c s ,

A:L!.otring

f o r savings on such i-Le!-!?s

a:;	wrappings and packing cl1 the lost s a l e s the overheat! expenses

i n r e s p e c t of

-the reduced

sa2.e.s

l j i~u ld

be reduced from $954

t o $3892

Z e n v i l ~ g

n e t p r o f i t o f

5,!;,42.

The

r e s u l t

i s - that t h e

l o s s of

s a l e s caused a l o s s of

a n e t pro:f'i-L of about $400 per

weel.;.

The evidence of - t h i s l o s s -,*{as

n o t

give11 i n p r e c i s e

fern

: and was -t;21e sub;S&c-t;

of' much inves-i-.iga.l;rion but; P do n o t

' doubt

tlia-l; the l o s s dur ing the pe r i otl

o:f

-idle rc1cvan.i; contiuct w a s of the

~ j , ' ~ ~ p j . ~

<>/.lee)

:)<:!I,

\~c : c ;? : .

,q:i<.:]j

: j

t ; .,:.;

1 ; j ; ~ : ; ,

1- coll:-i

:i(;;-,

su~j:;-[;;1;1:: j .?]

Accordingly

s a t i s f i e d t h a t

is e s t a b l i s h e d t h a t

t h e Union i s deemed Lo

have

ac-Led I n concer t wi th t h e

p a r t i c i p a n t s i n engaging

i n coriduct wl?ich prevented the

supply

by Hol~nan

t o t h e p l a i n t i f f

co rpora t ion

goods

2nd

s e r v i c e s

f o r t h e purpose of caus ing si.lhs-Lantial. l o s s and damage

.to the

bus iness of

t h e p l a i n t i f f

and v:hicli

e~ou ld

have caused and was

l i k e l y t o have t h e

e f f e c t of

caus ing such l o s s and clarcage t o

-the p l a i n t i f f ,

t h a t 'the dornirian-t purpose

f o r which

such

conduct was

engaged i n was t c cause t h e p l a i n t i f f i n the

opera t ion of

i t s supermarket 'to ccase t o s e l l pacltaged meat

Saturday mornings and I am

sc"lJcisffc-cl t h a t such purpose was; n o t

s u b s t a n t i a l l y r e l a t e d t o

the

remw~eral;ion conditiolzs

employnicn-1;

hours

work

t h e p a r t i c i p a n t s o r of'

any o t h e r person

employed

Holman,

t h e

en1~:loyer of

. the p a r t i c i p a n t s .

accordingly sa.i;isfied t h a t t h e p a r t i c i p n t s committed

a con t raven t ion of

t h e provis icns

S. 4 5 ~ ( 1 )

i n r e f u s i n g

t o

handle

and

r e f r a i n i r , ~

. f ~ ~ i i l

l oad ing ,

dcl j -ver ing

o r

othcrwis e

handl ing meat

ordered by

th=. p l a i n t i f f from Holman

f o r s a l e

i n i t s supermarket.

1 am

a l s o sat is l ' j -ed t h a t t h e defendant S:.rallc

a ided and abet-bed,

coun:,elled ~ ~ n d

procured .the contr.aven%ion

'by

t h e

n o t

s a t j - s f i c d t h e t t h e

conduc-t of

the

p a r t i c i p a n l ; ~

d id

o r was

l i k e l y t o have

the

e f f e c t of

causing

s u b s t a n t i a l l e s s c n i ~

of co~npe tit acquil-cs goods and scrvicc:; .

i o n i n any nlar3ce -L

i n which

t h e p l a i n - t i f f

S-upplie

s o~

In t h e r e s u l t it

is firdel-ed: -

t h a t t h e dcfexdan-l;,? snd each of

them and i n t h e case of

t>1c2 sc<;~fl(j,

y)?l:!<,<!

cle:L; , , . ! : ; , . . j i - : ;

1:)j~

:i..[-:; ~ - ~ ! ~ ! ~ ~ t ) ~ ; ~ . - ~ ~ ,

o.fj. ' i(;<>ybs

(>:l?

:;t.rvaizts be pnr;)~.tu::~:L:Ly

rr!strainec! f rom -

(a)

doing o r con-t inuj-II~

o r beink

a p a r t y t o t h e doing

o r cont inuing of

any a c t i n concer t with

any o t h e r

person consti-ku-tinl; t he engaging i n conduct f o r	i
I

t h c purpose

o f hjn;lcr.i.ng o r prevent ing t h e supply

by S.P. Holnla~l

Sons P ty .

Ltd.

t o t h e p l a i n t i f f

Wribass PLy.

Ltd. o r 'the imposi t ion and implementation

any ban

upon

t h e i c a d i n g ,

del . ivery o r o the r

handl ing of mea-i: o r meat products ordered o r

r e q u i r e d 11y the p l a i n t i f f

from

S.P.

Molman & Sons

Pty.

Ltd .

o r in-tended f o r d e l i v e r y t o

the

p l a i n - t i f f

and f ron~

a i d i n g ,

ab.z.tting,

counse l l ing ,

procur ing

o r

inducing any perscrl

t o a c t o r a c t i n g i n concer t wi th

any o t h e r pcrsor. o r persons i n the engaging in m y such

conduct o r the cont inuing o r imple~nenting of any suc.11 b

o r a t t empt ing s o t:o

a i d , abe t ,

counse l ,

procure o r indu

(b)

a i d i n g ,

a b e t t i n g ,

coa:sel l ing,

procur ing ,

beirig

concern

o r	inducing o r s t t ca ln t ing t o iiiduce any person h hat eve

t o engage inVconduc-i.

i n concor t wi th

o t h e r p e r s o m

t o h i n d e r

o r prcven.i: t h e

p l a i n t i f f

from

obtaini-llg meat

products f o r the purpose

i t s bus iness a t 230 I~lount

S t r e e t , Durnie froio S.P.

JIolman & Sons Pty. Ltd..

-Ihat these proceeding:: st; f a r a s -they rc1.2te 'to

t h e

2 ,

questions of doniag~ or* pi;;al~ty IIC adzourr~ed

t o

d;te

to be j

~ ! ; ~ : ~ l j c ? . - t i n ? l

:l!:y

p a r t y ;

. *

t o be

taxed. by

the

D i s t r i c t Regis t rar of

and inc identa l t o these procecdj.ngs and the cos t s i n

! !

the i n t e r l o c u t o l . ~	procecdi-ngs herein which have
been reserved;

t ha t

-tiie17e be

1 . i . b l r - t ~

t o any

p a r t y t o appl-y .

[1979] FCA 2

6 Feb 1979