Director of Public Prosecutions v Millar
[2015] VCC 1883
•15 December 2015
| IN THE COUNTY COURT OF VICTORIA | Revised Not Restricted Suitable for Publication |
AT MELBOURNE
CRIMINAL JURISDICTION
CR-14-02195 and CR-15-2224 indictment C1409835CR-15-01972 and CR-15-02056 indictment C1510421
| DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC PROSECUTIONS |
| V |
| LEVI MILLAR TAYLA MADDEN |
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| JUDGE: | HER HONOUR JUDGE WILMOTH |
| WHERE HELD: | Melbourne |
| DATE OF HEARING: | 25 November, 10, 14 December 2015 |
| DATE OF SENTENCE: | 15 December 2015 |
| CASE MAY BE CITED AS: | DPP v Millar |
| MEDIUM NEUTRAL CITATION: | [2015] VCC 1883 |
REASONS FOR SENTENCE
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Subject: Criminal law - sentence
Catchwords: Pleas of guilty to charges on two indictments and related uplifted summary charges, comprising two charges of importing cocaine, one charge of importing MDMA, two charges of trafficking drugs of dependence, five charges of possessing drugs (Millar), one charge of possessing poison (Millar), three charges of possessing drugs (Madden), two charges of dealing in proceeds of crime, one charge of committing an indictable offence while on bail.
Offending was primarily to finance heavy use of methylamphetamine but with considerable financial gain resulting; simple system of importation but element of sophistication, brazenly used a second time after being bailed for first offences - offenders have no prior convictions and have good prospects for rehabilitation but time served insufficient.
Sentences: Millar – Cth charges – 18 months imprisonment, to be released after serving 10 months. State charges – TES 22 months. PSD 175 days.
Madden – Cth charges – 16 months imprisonment, to be released after serving 8 months. State charges – TES 20 months. PDS 149 days.
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APPEARANCES: | Counsel | Solicitors |
| For the Director of Public Prosecutions | Mr S. Ballek | OPP |
| For Accused MILLAR | Ms Z. Garde-Wilson | GW Lawyers |
| For Accused MADDEN | Mr C. Metcalfe | Chester Metcalfe & Co |
HER HONOUR:
1Mr Millar and Ms Madden you may remain seated for the moment. I will ask you to stand later on.
2Levi James Millar and Tayla Jane Madden, you have each pleaded guilty to a number of charges on two separate indictments and to some uplifted summary charges.
3I will be sentencing you to a further period in custody before being released on a recognisance release order in respect of the Commonwealth charges and as a result, you will be required to serve several further months in custody. I will explain my reasons first and then set out the details of the sentences.
THE CHARGES
4The first set of charges occurred in 2014 between 18 July and 8 October of that year. They are contained in indictment Number C1409835. The second set of charges was committed in 2015 between 23 March and 2 September whilst you were on bail for the first set. They are on indictment C1510421.
5Uplifted along with the first indictment are two summary charges - 8 and 9, dealing with the proceeds of crime to which Mr Millar also pleaded guilty. Ms Madden pleaded guilty to the same charges - 5 and 6. Uplifted along with the second indictment are two further summary charges - 12 and 14, possessing a Schedule 4 poison namely Viagra and committing an indictable offence whilst on bail, to which Mr Millar pleaded guilty.
6Charge 14 relates to the charge of importation of cocaine. Ms Madden also pleaded guilty to the same summary Charge 12.
DETAILS OF OFFENDING
7At the time of what I shall call the first offending, you were living together in a relationship in the suburb of Boronia. In the context of each of you using large amounts of methylamphetamine or ice, you embarked on a plan to import cocaine to finance your drug use which had become so heavy that you could not finance it by ordinary means.
FIRST INDICTMENT – C1409835
8I shall set out the details of the first offences. On 18 July 2014, Mr Millar paid an associate Robert Falco, $1,000 to lease a post office box for him but in Falco's name at the Wonga Park Post Office. Ms Madden drove both the men to the post office where Mr Millar directed Mr Falco as to the type of box to lease.
9The lease was commenced that day and Mr Falco gave Mr Millar three keys that were issued for the large parcel box. Thereafter, Mr Millar made orders and online purchases of cocaine via unknown websites. The drugs were paid for through the online payment system Bitcoin.
10This involved the offenders attending local Commonwealth Bank branches and depositing cash in Australian dollars, into an account in the name of IKOO Proprietary Limited. IKOO would then transfer Bitcoin currency into Millar's Bitcoin wallet account. Bitcoin is a legal system, but it allows purchasers to trade anonymously in unidentified goods, such as drugs as in this case.
11On 9 September 2014, Mr Millar made such a deposit in the sum of $3,800.85 which was captured on CCTV. On 22 September 2014, he made another such transaction this time of $3,655.45 also captured on CCTV. A third transaction of $3,961.85 was made on the same day at a different branch.
12Once ordered and paid for, the packages would arrive at the designated post box within about a week. Small packages containing cocaine were delivered to the post office box by Australia Post. They were envelopes approximately 150 millimetres long and 120 millimetres wide, bearing United Kingdom stamps and with no sender details or Customs' declarations. Each weighed less than 30 grams and was addressed to “R Falco”.
13These were the only items delivered to the box during the offending period. The offenders would collect them infrequently, using the same pattern of parking across the road from the post office and waiting for up to an hour before clearing the box.
14On 17 September 2014, a package addressed to R Falco was damaged at the Wonga Park Post Office, exposing the contents observed by staff to be a white rock powder substance. The police were contacted and attended after an unexplained delay, some five days later, when they conducted a spot test indicating cocaine.
15On 23 September after executing a search warrant at Mr Falco's house, the police went to the offenders’ address and saw them leaving in a white Ford Falcon Station Wagon. The police stopped them a short distance away and they were arrested.
16In the car, the police found a total sum of $12,800.00 in cash: $5,850.00 was found in the passenger footwell at Ms Madden's feet, $850.00 was in her purse and $6,100.00 was in a locked box. These are summary charges 8 and 9 dealing with the proceeds of crime.
17Also found were two keys to a post office box number 5079, a handwritten note with details referring to the IKOO Proprietary Limited bank account, three mobile phones and an empty white envelope addressed to “R Falco” of Post Office Box 5079.
18On the phones belonging to both offenders were text messages referring to trafficking cocaine and to the trafficking of magic mushrooms on Ms Madden's phone. Magic Mushrooms is the colloquial name for the drug Psilocybin or Psilocin.
19A search of the offenders’ home revealed a variety of drugs in different quantities as follows:
· 2.522 kilograms of Magic Mushrooms, containing the drug of dependence Psilocin and Psilocybin. This is Charge 4 in relation to Ms Madden, trafficking a drug of dependence and Charge 5 in relation to Mr Millar, possessing a drug for the purpose of trafficking;
· 123.3 grams of powder containing methylamphetamine located in nine separate snap lock bags. This is Charge 3 in relation to Mr Millar, trafficking a drug of dependence;
· 6 grams of cannabis in one snap lock bag, this is Charge 6 in relation to both offenders, possessing a drug of dependence;
· 30 grams of white powder containing cocaine in two silver foil snap lock bags, this is Charge 2 in relation to both offenders, trafficking cocaine;
· 7.3 grams of grey crystals containing MDMA in a plastic bag. This is Charge 3 in relation to Mr Millar, trafficking a drug of dependence.
· A total of $16,900 cash in $100 notes. This is summary Charge 6 in relation to Ms Madden and summary Charge 9 in relation to Mr Millar, dealing with property suspected to be the proceeds of crime.
20A further six packages were delivered to the post office until 8 October 2014 and were seized. These, together with the damaged package already seized, contained a total of 88.2 grams of cocaine in white block form.
21It was estimated by a post office employee that approximately 30 to 40 envelops were delivered to the post office during the relevant period of just under three months. The prosecution summary set out the details of the breakdown of each quantity of drug seized as to the mixed weight, the purity, marketable and commercial quantities for the purposes of trafficking and importing as the case may be.
22Those details are contained in an appendix attached to the sentencing remarks and I shall note here that the pure quantities were: cocaine 89.92 grams, methylamphetamine 36.31 grams, MDMA 5.11 grams and Psilocin, Psilocybin 6.97 grams.
23The offenders were arrested and charged and were remanded in custody. Ms Madden was released on bail on 17 October 2014, with conditions including supervision under the CISP program. Mr Millar was released on bail on 12 November 2014, with conditions including drug treatment.
24Both offenders relapsed into drug using after some time. Ms Madden's relapse appears to have coincided with the cessation of CISP at the time of the committal in January 2015 when she was placed on trial bail, but she elected to continue with counselling.
25She was reported to have engaged very well in the process and on 5 March, the date of her last appointment, she reported to the counsellor that she had successfully implemented relapse prevention skills, in order to maintain abstinence from methamphetamine. She failed to re-schedule any further appointments.
26Mr Millar's relapse is said to have occurred at least by June 2015, but given that his further offending began in March, the relapse is more likely to have occurred before then, despite having completed a drug and alcohol program in February.
27At the committal mention in December last year, Mr Millar's bail conditions were varied to remove a curfew and to remove the non-association order in relation to Ms Madden. It may be that the relapse for both offenders was partly prompted by the relaxation of bail conditions, at the same time as their resumption of contact or cohabitation.
SECOND INDICTMENT C1510421
28By March 2015, the importing of cocaine had recommenced. On 23 March, a resident of an address in Coldstream took to the police station a parcel which had been delivered to her home, addressed to her and bearing her address. It had been sent from the UK and contained approximately 30 grams of cocaine.
29Police placed a surveillance camera near the letterbox of that residence and detected Mr Millar's car arriving there on two occasions, 30 March and 2 April. A man presumed to be Mr Millar inspected the letterbox. These circumstances give rise to a charge against Mr Millar, Charge 1 on the second indictment, a charge of importing a marketable quantity of a border control drug.
30On 13 July 2015, the residence of a premises in Olinda took to the police station two parcels that had been addressed to them, sent from the UK and containing approximately 14 grams of cocaine. Police placed a surveillance camera near the letterbox of that residence, and detected Mr Millar's car arriving there on 15 July and a car registered to Ms Madden arriving there on 16 and 17 July.
31On that last occasion, a woman, presumed to be Ms Madden, inspected the letterbox. That gives rise to a charge against Mr Madden, Charge 2 on the second indictment, importing a marketable quantity of a border controlled drug. Therefore, in relation to the second series of offending, Mr Millar's offending had commenced in March 2015 and Ms Madden's in July 2015.
32As already described, both offenders were on bail at the time and accordingly, they have each been charged with committing an indictable offence while on bail. Those charges are summary Charge 12 in relation to Ms Madden, and summary Charge 14 in relation to Mr Millar.
33On 13 August 2015, police executed a search warrant at the offenders’ home, a bungalow at a premises in Bayswater where they had been living in contravention of their bail conditions. Two small snap lock bags were found, one containing cocaine and the other containing methylamphetamine. Each offender was charged with possession of each of those drugs, Charge 3 in respect of the cocaine and Charge 4 in respect of the methylamphetamine. A vial containing testosterone was also found, that is Charge 5, in relation to Mr Millar.
34Eight blister packs each containing 30 pills of the prescription drug Sildenafil, also known as Viagra were found. That is summary Charge 12 in relation to Mr Millar, possessing a Schedule 4 poison without authorisation.
35Again the offenders were arrested and charged and were remanded in custody. No applications for bail were made. Mr Millar has now been in custody for a total of 175 days and Ms Madden for a total of 149 days. On 2 September 2015, the residents of the Bayswater premises, where the offenders had been living, who had no knowledge of the offenders' activities, received a parcel delivered to their address.
36They handed it to the police who found it contained 30.43 grams of MDMA or ecstasy. It had been sent from the UK as arranged by Ms Madden and Mr Millar. This is Charge 6 on the second indictment, importing a border controlled drug.
PERSONAL BACKGROUND OF IVAN MILLAR
37I now turn to the personal background of the offenders, beginning with you, Mr Millar. You are aged 33 and apart from a charge of a minor nature many years ago, that has no relevance to these matters, you have no prior convictions. You were married in 2012 after a long relationship which produced a daughter who is now aged three.
38Six months after the marriage, you and your wife separated which was apparently brought about by your relationship with Ms Madden. You had met her in the context of using the drug ice. You had an unremarkable upbringing and you completed Year 12 at school, then did a plumber's apprenticeship and worked as a qualified plumber for ten years, but were unemployed at the time of the offending.
39After your initial arrest you were placed on strict bail conditions, including taking part at drug treatment at SECADA which you completed in January or February 2015. The conditions also included a non-association order in relation to Ms Madden. You completed a 12 week course in civil construction, but early in the year you began living with Ms Madden again and relapsed into drug use.
40Following your second arrest, you spent 23 days in police cells and then at the Melbourne Remand Centre where you have been in 23 hour lockdown because of the circumstances prevailing at the prison following the riots, preventing you from undertaking drug treatment courses for which you have applied.
41In late May, you were assessed by a psychologist, Mr Matthew Staios. In disclosing to him your history of drug abuse, you told him you had been a regular user of cannabis for many years and had within the previous two years or so, developed a dependence on methamphetamine, spending about $1,000 a week.
42You told him you had been abstinent since your arrest, partly because of drug counselling and having to provide urine samples. In fact, you had completed the drug course months earlier and had been offending again since March ostensibly in order to finance your drug purchases.
43You expressed your remorse to Mr Staios at the very time you were continuing to offend and as a result of tests he administered, together with his clinical opinions, and the existence of considerable protective factors, he concluded that your risk of reoffending was low.
44One of those protective factors, abstinence from drugs, perhaps the most important, was clearly incorrect. Mr Staios excluded the presence of any entrenched maladaptive personality traits, but noted that you appeared to have acted impulsively in a state of desperation and whilst under the influence of illicit substances. However, he considered that you had a good capacity to change, particularly if provided with appropriate support.
45Despite the further offending, those conclusions probably remain well based. You relapsed, as a drug user often does, but that does not put an end to your opportunities for rehabilitation. Your only criminality, apart from a very minor matter several years ago, has been in connection with heavy drug use, commencing later in life than often occurs, leaving aside the longstanding cannabis use.
46Your work history and recent efforts to improve your qualifications demonstrate your abilities and capacity to live a responsible life, but probably not without firm structures being imposed in the form of parole obligations.
47It was submitted by both defence counsel that because of the small quantities involved, the offending in this case has the character of trafficking for personal use. I have formed the view that while the system used was simple in its concept and execution, an element of sophistication was demonstrated by the planning behind it.
48It was a scheme that was readily put in place a second time in quite a brazen manner, and had a different character from other examples of trafficking, such as isolated instances. Indeed, it had an established pattern.
49However, I note that the scheme did not involve any other distribution network and so had some immunity from other criminality often associated with drug trafficking. That in itself might lower the risk of reoffending.
50There is some evidence that part of the trafficking involved sourcing drugs for others and that therefore it was not entirely for your own use, but this was limited to selling mushrooms to Ms Madden's brother. In relation to that drug, you were charged with its possession and Ms Madden was charged with trafficking.
51As to the other drugs, the importation was repeated and regular, even though it involved individually small amounts, and the cash found was a substantial amount. I accept that the prime purpose of the scheme was to support your own drug use, but financial gain over and above that was part of the reward and the sentences imposed must reflect that.
PERSONAL BACKGROUND OF TAYLA MADDEN
52Ms Madden, you are 24 years old, still a young offender and like Mr Millar, your only criminality has been in connection with these matters. Like him, you had an unremarkable upbringing, completing secondary school and employed in various ways until you commenced your own cleaning business.
53You and Mr Millar met in the context of using the drug ice and the expensive habit you developed, led to the offending. I have read a large number of documents relating to your initial post offence period when you were bailed onto the CISP program and undertook quite intensive drug treatment which I have already mentioned.
54The resulting reports indicate good progress at the time, with the likelihood that you would remain drug free. The risk of relapse became reality as it did for Mr Millar, and perhaps it is no surprise that for each of you, the relapse occurred when the bail conditions allowed you to associate once again.
55Unfortunately, it is a not uncommon outcome and as I have said to Mr Millar, it does not spell the end of your chances for rehabilitation. During your current period of imprisonment, you have undertaken a range of courses and programs and have re-engaged with your family from whom you had become estranged out of shame for your actions and the sense that you had let them down.
MITIGATING FACTORS
56I have already mentioned that each of you appears to have a good work history and responsible attitudes to work. Each of you comes from a stable background with no history of anti-social behaviour or criminal activity until recently. You have both pleaded guilty to the charges at a relatively early stage.
57Under Victorian law, as interpreted by the Court of Appeal, you are entitled to a discount on your sentence for that early plea to the State charges, as well as the Commonwealth charges, for having facilitated the system of criminal justice and for having saved the expense and inconvenience of a trial. I also accept it as evidence of remorse. These are all mitigating factors that I take into account.
58Ms Madden, you are a young person and that is also a relevant factor to take into account as your prospects of rehabilitation are to be given greater weight.
SENTENCING DISCUSSION
59The crime of drug trafficking attracts considerable penalties. The maximum penalties for the offences in this case are as follows:
·For importing a marketable quantity of a border controlled drug, 25 years imprisonment.
·For trafficking in a drug of dependence, 15 years.
·For possession of a drug of dependence, for purposes of trafficking, five years.
·For possession of a drug of dependence, other than for trafficking, one year or 30 penalty units or both.
·For possession of less than a small quantity of cannabis, five penalty units.
·For dealing with suspected proceeds of crime, two years.
·For possessing a Schedule 4 poison, ten penalty units.
60Clearly the need for general deterrence is of great importance in cases such as this, because of the pernicious nature of drug use and drug dissemination and all the aspects of criminality associated with it. In your case, specific deterrence is also important because of the second period of offending occurring while you were on bail for the first.
61Your counsel have urged me to conclude that you have already served sufficient time in custody and that subject to assessment, I should place you on a Community Correction Order. The prosecution's submission is that the offending was so serious that only a term of imprisonment is appropriate, and that a Community Correction Order is insufficient for the purpose of general deterrence and for just punishment.
62I have carefully considered those submissions and as you know, you were assessed as suitable for a Community Correction Order. However, if you are to be released on parole, you would then be performing your parole obligations for an extended period and it would in my view, be impractical to commence a Community Correction Order at that stage, many months in the future. Accordingly, I shall not impose a Community Correction Order.
63Each of you have now spent several months in prison, with the week spent there last year being your first experience of it. There is nothing in the background of either of you, to suggest that your second attempt at rehabilitation has little chance of success and the indications are that you have put to good use the extended time in prison. That time has served in part as appropriate punishment, but further punishment is warranted in the circumstances, particularly because of the second episode of offending, but also because of the duration of the offending in each period, and the financial gain, even accepting that your prime motivation was to provide for your own use.
64Please stand, Mr Millar and Ms Madden. Accordingly, I will place you both on a Recognisance Release Order in respect of the importing charges, which are the Commonwealth offences.
LEVI MILLAR SENTENCE
65In relation to you Mr Millar, the term of imprisonment will be 18 months and I order that you serve 10 months before being released. In relation to you Ms Madden, the term of imprisonment will be 16 months, and I order that you serve a minimum of eight months before being released.
66These orders apply to the three Commonwealth charges with which you are each charged. Those periods of time will of course be reduced by the number of days you have already served. You will be required to be of good behaviour for two years and I will fix a recognisance in each case of $2,000.00.
67That is not a sum that you need to pay now, but it is a form of security which might be paid in the event of non-compliance. I also need to tell you that the term of this order can be varied, or it can be discharged by you or by those in authority, such as the Director of Public Prosecutions.
68The importing charges are listed as Charge 1 on the first indictment for each of you, and Charges 1 and 6 on the second indictment for Mr Millar, and for Charges 2 and 6 on the second indictment for Ms Madden. The sentence for each of those charges will begin today.
69As for the State offences, for Mr Millar, the total effective sentence will be 22 months and that sentence will begin today. Again, that period of time will be reduced by the number of days you have already served.
70In respect of Mr Millar, the individual State sentences are as follows:
On the first indictment C1409835:
Charge 2, trafficking cocaine, 15 months.
·Charge 3, trafficking in methylamphetamine and MDMA, ten months.
·Charge 5, possessing Psilocybin and Psilocin, six months.
·Charge 6, possessing cannabis, a fine of $300.00.
·For each of the summary Charges 8 and 9, dealing with the proceeds of crime, three months.
On the second indictment C1510421:
·Charge 3, possessing cocaine, six months.
·Charge 4, possessing methylamphetamine, six months.
·Charge 5, possessing testosterone, six months.
·Summary Charge 12, possessing Viagra, a fine of $500.00.
·Summary Charge 14, committing an indictable offence while on bail, one month.
71For the State sentences, the sentences for Charge 2 on the first indictment will be the base sentence for purposes of cumulation. Two months of the sentence for Charge 3, and one month of each of the sentences for summary Charges 8 and 14 and Charges 3, 4 and 5 on the second indictment, are to be served in cumulation upon the base sentence. That results in a total effective sentence of 22 months.
72I order that you serve a minimum period of ten months before being released on parole. You have been in pre-sentence detention for a total of 175 days by my calculations, not including today.
73I declare that time to be reckoned as already served and I shall cause that to be noted on the court record.
74If you had pleaded not guilty to these charges, I would have sentenced you to a Recognisance Release Order of two years to be released after 15 months and a State sentence of 30 months, with a non-parole period of 16 months.
75Be seated now Mr Millar for the moment please.
TAYLA MADDEN SENTENCE
76Ms Madden, the total effective sentence will be 20 months commencing today. The individual State sentences are as follows:
On the first indictment C1409835:
·Charge 2, trafficking cocaine, 15 months.
·Charge 4, trafficking Psilocybin and Psilocin, eight months.
·Charge 6, possessing cannabis, a fine of $300.00.
·For each of summary Charges 5 and 6, dealing in the proceeds of crime, three months.
On the second indictment C1510421:
·Charge 3, possessing cocaine, six months.
·Charge 4, possessing methylamphetamine, six months.
·Summary Charge 12, committing an indictable offence while on bail, one month.
77The sentence for Charge 2 on the first indictment will be the base sentence for purposes of cumulation. I order that one month of the sentence for Charge 4, and for summary Charges 5 and 12, and for Charges 3 and 4, on the second indictment, be served in cumulation upon the base sentence. That results in a total effective sentence of 20 months.
78I order that you serve a minimum period of eight months before being released on parole.
79You have been in pre-sentence detention for a total of 149 days, not including today. I declare that time to be reckoned as already served and I shall cause that to be noted on the court record.
80If you had pleaded not guilty to these charges, I would have sentenced you to a Recognisance Release Order of 24 months, to be released after 12 months. For the State sentence, I would have sentenced you to 26 months, with a non-parole period of 14 months.
81I have taken into account that each of you are being sentenced in relation to two separate indictments. In determining both the head sentences and the non-parole periods, I have taken into account the principle of totality and moderated the sentences imposed in order to avoid the sentences being crushing in all the circumstances.
82I have also had due regard to the need for parity and the fact that you Ms Madden, are still a young woman and that your offending was over a shorter period, and that accounts for a slightly shorter term of imprisonment than for Mr Millar. Would you be seated now please.
83The prosecution seeks orders for forfeiture of cash and various items, and for the disposal of items including drugs listed in a schedule. An order is also sought for forensic samples of saliva to be obtained under s.464ZF of the Crimes Act.
84Through your counsel, you have consented to these orders being made and I make those orders. I must advise you that the police have the power to use reasonable force to obtain the saliva samples, but I trust that won't be necessary.
85Now starting with you Mr Ballek, is there anything I have omitted or neglected?
86MR BALLEK: I don't believe so, Your Honour.
87HER HONOUR: Thank you. Ms Garde-Wilson?
88MS GARDE-WILSON: No, Your Honour.
89HER HONOUR: No, thank you. Mr Metcalfe?
90 MR METCALFE: Your Honour, could I just confirm Charge 12 which was
the indictable offences. Was that one month is concurrent, there was no order for cumulation on that one, Your Honour, is that right?
91HER HONOUR: This is the committing an indictable offence while on bail is it, Mr Metcalfe?
92MR METCALFE: Yes, yes, Your Honour.
93HER HONOUR: That's concurrent.
94MR METCALFE: Yes, Your Honour.
95HER HONOUR: Mr Sprague I didn't include you, is there anything you want to say about it?
96MR SPRAGUE: No, no Your Honour.
97HER HONOUR: Thank you. My associate has the Recognisance Release Orders now for signature by your clients. Do you want to see those first?
98Thank you to counsel and no doubt your instructors as well for all your assistance during this matter. Adjourn the court please.
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APPENDIX (extracted from Prosecution Opening)
PURE QUANTITIES
29. Total amount of cocaine seized: 118.2 grams mixed (mostly at 70 - 90 % purity). Pure quantity – 89.92 grams. The marketable quantity of cocaine for the purposes of importing is 2 grams. The commercial quantity of cocaine for the purposes of importing is 2 kilograms. The traffickable quantity of cocaine is 3.0 grams (mixed). The commercial quantity of cocaine is 500 grams (mixed) and 250 grams (pure).
30. Total amount of methylamphetamine seized: 123.3 grams mixed (mostly at 25 – 30 % purity). Pure quantity – 36.31 grams. The traffickable quantity of methylamphetamine is 3.0 grams (mixed). The commercial quantity of methylamphetamine is 500 grams (mixed) and 100 grams (pure).
31. Total amount of MDMA seized: 7.3 grams mixed (at 70% purity). Pure quantity – 5.11 grams. The traffickable quantity of MDMA is 3.0 grams (mixed). The commercial quantity of MDMA is 500 grams (mixed) and 100 grams (pure).
32. Total amount of Psilocin/Psilocybin seized: 2522.1 grams mixed (at 0.04 to 0.4 % purity). Pure quantity – 6.97 grams. The traffickable quantity of Psilocin/Psilocybin is 0.1 grams (pure). The commercial quantity of Psilocin/Psilocybin 100 grams (pure).
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