Director of Public Prosecutions v Collier (a pseudonym)
[2024] VCC 2147
•14 November 2024
| IN THE COUNTY COURT OF VICTORIA | Revised Not Restricted Suitable for Publication |
AT MELBOURNE
CRIMINAL JURISDICTION
| DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC PROSECUTIONS |
| v |
| RYAN COLLIER (A PSEUDONYM) |
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| JUDGE: | HIS HONOUR JUDGE HIGHAM |
| WHERE HELD: | Melbourne |
| DATE OF HEARING: | 12 August 2024, 14 August 2024, 13 September 2024 & 18 October 2024, |
| DATE OF SENTENCE: | 14 November 2024 |
| CASE MAY BE CITED AS: | DPP v Collier (a pseudonym) |
| MEDIUM NEUTRAL CITATION: | [2024] VCC 2147 |
REASONS FOR SENTENCE
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Subject: CRIMINAL LAW
Catchwords: Sentence – obtaining financial advantage by deception –
obtaining property by deception – guilty plea – rehabilitation – Drug and Alcohol Treatment Court
Legislation Cited: Sentencing Act 1991 (Vic) ss 6AAA and 18(4)
Sentence: Drug and Alcohol Treatment Order, custodial part of 36 months
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APPEARANCES: | Counsel | Solicitors |
| For the Director of Public Prosecutions | Ms O. Sparrow | Office of Public Prosecutions |
| For the Accused | Mr C. Moir |
1Ryan Collier,[1] you have pleaded guilty to:
· 25 charges of obtaining a financial advantage by deception for which the maximum penalty is 10 years imprisonment (charges 1 – 5; 7 – 26)
· 1 charge of obtaining property by deception for which the maximum penalty is 10 years imprisonment (charge 6);
· 1 related summary charge of failing to answer bail for which the maximum penalty is 2 years imprisonment.
[1] A pseudonym.
2Tendered as Exhibit 1 on the Determination Hearing was a Summary of the Prosecution Opening which set out the agreed facts in your offending. In brief, the circumstances of your offending are as follows:
3Your offending occurred between late June 2022 and December 2022 where you received an aggregate sum of $169,436.65 by dishonestly quoting and receiving funds for concreting works that you had no intention of completing. You employed the same methods throughout your offending, acting as a sole trader.
4The 25 victims of your offending had contacted your company via Facebook and/or a google search to arrange concreting works. You quoted for work, obtained initial deposits by on-line transfers and, on occasion, secured further payments by additional deceptive representations. For the vast majority of victims, you never turned up to commence the work. When pressed by your customers to commence the work you continued to delay, postpone and re-schedule the work, your excuses including, but not limited to, injuries, sickness, positive covid tests, theft of essential tools, business expansion, bankruptcy, poor weather and family issues including active divorce proceedings. When the victims asked for refunds you, for the most part, refused to provide refunds, and on occasion threatened to sue victims.
5In late June 2022, you quoted Mr Leckie for concreting works and requested a 10% deposit. Mr Leckie paid you $2,234. Between 18 July and 26 August 2022, further payments totalling $13562 were made by Mr Leckie (Charge 1). You did not carry out the work and provided a refund of $100.
6On 25 June 2022, Mr Kent received a quote of $18,920 for concreting works and paid a deposit of 10%, amounting to $1,892. Between 14 July and 24 August 2022 further payments were made totalling $14395.55 (Charge 2). Mr Kent requested a refund which you did not provide.
7Between 10 July and 18 August 2022, Mr Sonnberg paid you a total of $4500 for concreting works (Charge 3). You failed to carry out the work, your excuses including having just broken your leg.
8Between 12 and 18 July 2022 Ms Dipetta paid you $2174 for concreting works (Charge 4) after your colleague had attended at her property to conduct measurements. You failed to carry out the work. When Ms Dipetta sought refunds you accused her of attempting to scam you. You refunded $150 paid in three instalments.
9On 25 July 2022, Mr Martin paid you a deposit of $500 for concreting works (Charge 5). A further payment of $2270 was made in cash after you requested funds for additional materials (Charge 6). You met Mr Martin at Benalla Hospital because your wife was supposedly in hospital. You did not complete the work, consistently putting back the date for the pour, your excuses including Covid and family issues.
10Between 27 July and 6 August 2022 Mr Fraser paid you a total of $3181.50 over two payments for concreting works (Charge 7). You did not complete the work and again refused to provide a refund.
11Between 27 July and 10 August 2022, Mr Shilton paid you $9780 for concreting works (Charge 8). You postponed the work, stating your trailer had been stolen. You did not reply when contacted regarding your non-attendance on the postponed work date.
12In late July, Mr Warren paid you a deposit of $10,000 dollars for concreting works (Charge 9). You did not complete the work after re-scheduling multiple times, employing excuses of poor weather, Covid-19, hospital admissions and a broken leg.
13Between 28 July and 13 August 2022, Mr Cameron paid you a total of $1565 for concreting works (Charge 10). You did not complete the work, requested further money for materials (which was not paid) and again became uncontactable.
14Between 16 August and 13 September, Mr Musgrave made 4 payments to you totalling $35,830 (Charge 11). Again, you did not complete the work.
15On 29 August 2022, Mr Green paid you $2000 for concreting works (Charge 12). You did not attend as scheduled, excuses including a broken leg and Covid.
16On 1 and 2 September 2022, Mr Alexander paid you $2000 for concreting works (Charge 13). You did not complete the work using the same range of excuses.
17Between 13 and 20 September 2024, Ms Owen paid you $1840 for concreting works (Charge 14). You did not complete the work and did not provide a refund, offering ‘credit’ for future concreting works.
18Between 14 September and 1 October 2022, Ms Agustin paid you $4875 for concreting works (Charge 15). You advised that you had broken your leg and the work would be postponed.
19On 15 September 2022 Mr Booth paid you $1,100 for concreting works (Charge 16). Again, you provided a credit for future work, not a refund.
20Between 14 and 20 September 2022, Mr Warren paid you $3590 for concreting works (Charge 17). Various excuses, including a shoulder injury and a divorce were used to postpone the work.
21Between 17 and 20 September 2022, Ms Crawford paid you $5785 for concreting works (Charge 18). Again, no refund was provided.
22Between 23 September and 4 October 2022 Mr Sfetcopoulos paid you a total of $17500 (Charge 19). The work was not carried out. Excuses offered included floods, a broken leg, and going through a divorce.
23Between 26 September and 2 October 2022, Mr Quade paid $3380 for concreting works (Charge 20). When a refund was requested, you ultimately advised that you had filed for bankruptcy.
24For several months, you pressured Mr Humphres to pay a deposit, who was waiting on the project’s finance approval. Between 28 September and 4 November 2022 he paid you a total of $5020 for concreting works (Charge 21). The work was never completed.
25Between 30 October and 11 December 2022, Ms Pistor paid you a total of $6506 for concreting works (Charge 22). Again, the work was never completed.
26On 19 November 2022 Ms Newman paid a deposit of $1600 for concreting works (Charge 23). You did not complete the work. Ms Newman left a google review on your business, and you responded by threatening to sue her.
27Between 4 and 18 December 2022 Mr Dyminski paid a total of $3407 for concreting works (Charge 24). You blocked Mr Dyminski on all platforms after he requested a refund.
28Between 7 and 15 December 2022, Mr Spitzers paid you a total of $4842 for concreting works (Charge 25). After Mr Spitzer threatened to go to the media and the police, you offered to refund $100 in weekly instalments.
29Between 23 and 27 December 2022, Ms Van Berlo paid you $4615 for concreting works (Charge 26). Again, you did not attend on any occasion to complete the works.
30On 30 September 2021 you were bailed in respect of unrelated matters to appear at Ringwood Magistrates’ court on 12 September 2022. You failed to appear and a warrant was issued (Summary Charge 14).
31Police ascertained that you had been resident in South Australia since at least October 2022, and you were arrested on 1 February 2023. Extradited to Victoria, you declined to participate in a record of interview, as of course, was your right. You did inform police that you had a bad gambling problem and never sustained the injuries that you had told victims were the reason you could not complete the work. On the 3rd February you were remanded and have remained in custody since that date.
32Exhibit 7 was a Case Management assessment report from Isabella Classen dated 21 June 2024. Exhibit 8 was a Clinical Advisor assessment report from Harry Howe dated 20 June 2024. Exhibit 15 was an addendum report from Ms Claassen dated 3 September 2024. Exhibit 21 was a Family Violence Case Management assessment report from Erica Beard dated 6 September 2024. I also received a psychological report from Warren Simmons dated 1 December 2023 (Exhibit 11PG), an individual treatment plan and your criminal record. Taken together these documents set out your personal narrative and your mental health, forensic and substance use history and, where appropriate, made recommendations for treatment.
Personal Circumstances
33You were born in April 1975, the older in a sibship of two and are now 49, and were 47 at the time of this offending. Your childhood was one of trauma, loss and abuse. You believe that you have blocked out much of your childhood. Although your material needs were met, your emotional needs were not.
34Your mother was incapable of caring for you. You therefore spent most of your time either with your father at racetracks (he was a bookie) or with your paternal grandmother. She was a reliable care-giver in your young life and you tragically discovered her body after she had died when you were aged 11.
35From an early age you developed a life-long gambling addiction. You report that your mother was highly abusive towards your father. At the age of 12 you told your mother that you had been sexually abused over a 12 month period by an older family member. Your mother’s response was that you should ‘just put up with it’. You recently heard the perpetrator had passed away, which you state gave you some closure. Shortly after, you left home and not long after, left school. You have the most basic literacy skills. You report a past diagnosis of ADHD and were prescribed Ritalin.
36You were living in various church-run hostels where you were again the victim of sexual assault at the hands of your supposed carers. I note that a later episode of counselling developed into an abusive sexual relationship with the counsellor.
37After working in various jobs you learned concreting: this has been your main employ when in the community, dependent upon accommodation, mental health, and the nature of your intimate relationships. Your intimate relationships have been transactional, no doubt as a result of your earlier abuse. Relationships were often viewed by you as a means of finding accommodation.
38More recently you were in a relationship with Kylie Rosco[2] with whom you have three children, aged 14,10 and 8. This relationship was marked by your family violence, and drug use. There were separations and then reconciliations. This relationship finally ended some time in 2020 and there have been and may still be, full non-contact FVIOs in place. You have not seen your children for nearly three years. It seems that thereafter you were in a relationship with a Ms McCann.[3] Your failure to cease or reduce your methamphetamine use led to this relationship ending and to an FVIO. Then you were in a relationship with Ms Robinson.[4] Your failure to accept that this relationship was over led to yet another FVIO being take out against you. As Ms Beard noted, your accounts of these FVIO’s can be viewed at best as minimisation and deflective.
[2] A pseudonym.
[3] A pseudonym.
[4] A pseudonym.
39At some point you received a pay out from a redress scheme for the earlier abuse perpetrated by church members. You used this money to set up your firm. Mr Moir assured me that you had been operating this business legitimately prior to the offending and that it was an unfortunate constellation of events that led to this offending.
40Doing the best I can it appears that in early 2022 April you were in custody for breaching a FVIO. When you were released in May 2022 you intended to complete the work for which you had already been commissioned. However in short order you then got evicted from your rental unit and found all your work tools had been stolen. Your partner Ms Robinson was delaying as much of work as she could but you realised the situation could not last. Instead of explaining the situation, you commenced this offending. New customers contacting you were viewed as an income source. You obtained the deposits having no intention of carrying out the work, fully knowing that the monies would be spent on drugs and other needs including satisfying your gambling addiction. This sets the pattern for the whole of the offending.
41You then met up with an old (unnamed) female friend. In mid-September you were heading up to Queensland for her to surrender to her bail and then changed your mind and decided to go to South Australia instead via Victoria where you briefly stopped to pick up furniture and a trailer. Whilst in South Australia you continued to work, and this explains any disparity between income and expenditure. However this account was in direct contradiction to that provided to Mr Simmons (Exhibit 11 PG). It was also inconsistent with the account provided to Ms Claassen (Exhibit 7).
42You have relevant prior matters for obtaining property by deception and other dishonesty offences going back to 1994. Of great concern was your history of family violence offending going back to 2005. Whilst of course you do not fall to be sentenced again for matters in respect of which you have already been dealt with by the courts, your criminal history does impact my assessment of the need for specific deterrence, your prospects of rehabilitation, your moral culpability and the need to protect the community from you.
43Ms Claassen noting your personal history and motivation, recommended you as suitable for a DATO, notwithstanding your limited protective factors and a concerning history of Family Violence. A further report was obtained from the court’s Family Violence Social Support Worker, Ms Beard (Exhibit 21) with a view to ascertaining whether the risks of on-order Family Violence could be managed. She noted your openness to participating in programmes focused on behaviour change. Ms Beard’s report found you still a suitable candidate for a DATO but made firm recommendation however for engagement in appropriate interventions
44As to substance use, you first consumed alcohol at the age of 12, becoming a daily drinker from the age of 13 and your current use fluctuates, secondary to other substances. At the same age you began cannabis use, and were introduced to amphetamine. You started using methamphetamine at the age of 18 ‘when it came out’. It has been your constant companion ever since. You are an IV user, and at the time of your arrest you were consuming up to two grams a day.
45You told Mr Howe that your motivation to participate in AOD treatment, and in particular a DATO, was to be able to see your children. ‘I am approaching 50 and I have hardly anything in my life’.
46Mr Howe noted your admission to gambling near daily when in the community, and there is no doubt that gambling was a key driver for this offending. He was of the opinion that you would have satisfied diagnostic criteria for stimulant use disorder at the time of the offending, severe in nature and currently in sustained remission in a controlled environment with the assistance of pharmacotherapy. He was also satisfied that the treatment and supervision component of a DATO would be an appropriate intervention to address your substance use disorder, and that there were no significant concerns regarding your capacity to participate in such an order.
47The particular purposes of a DATO are[5]:
(i)to facilitate the rehabilitation of the participant (offender) by providing a judicially-supervised, therapeutically-oriented, integrated drug and alcohol treatment and supervision regime;
(ii)to take account of the offender participant’s drug or alcohol dependency;
(iii)to reduce the level of criminal activity associated with drug or alcohol dependency;
(iv)to reduce the participant’s health risks associated with drug or alcohol dependency.
[5] S18X(1) Sentencing Act
48Mr Moir, counsel on your behalf, submitted that such a disposition was an appropriate disposition having regard to both to your circumstances and the circumstances of this offending.
49Ms Sparrow on behalf of the Director submitted that your accepted substance dependency was not a complete or sufficient explanation for the offending and that the required element of contribution was not made out. She also urged caution as to your appropriateness for such an order, given the symptomatic and deeply entrenched dishonesty that your offending revealed.
Objective gravity
50Yours was a simple deception, putting up a website and waiting for customers to bite. I cannot find that your website was set up for the express purpose of deceiving customers, although I have been provided with no evidence to the contrary. Nonetheless, after your exit from custody you resolved to pay for your drugs and gambling by using your customers as an income stream. Over a period of approximately 6 months, you preyed upon the financial interests and property rights of others. It was driven solely by your greed, and self-interest. The ease with which you offered excuses indicates a deeply entrenched dishonesty and demonstrated a complete disregard for the interests and wellbeing of your victims.
51Members of the public put great faith in tradespeople. The general rule of day to day business depends upon suppliers and trades people acting in good faith. Whilst your victims were not particularly vulnerable, any notion that there was no impact of this offending upon your victims is laid to rest by the Victim Impact Statements (Exhibit 3, 4, 5, and 6). You knew full well what you were doing was wrong. Your moral culpability for this offending is high. It is also offending that is aggravated by the fact that all of it was committed whilst you were on bail.
General principles
52Mr Collier in sentencing you I must have regard to a range of different factors. I must give effect to the principal of general deterrence that is, to deter others from behaving as you did, and to specific deterrence, that is to deter you from ever repeating such offending. I must consider the need to protect the community. I must express the community’s denunciation of your conduct. I must take into account the effect of your crimes upon your victims. I must have regard to current sentencing practices and the statutory maximum penalties for the offences to which you have pleaded guilty. I must ensure as far as possible that you are rehabilitated and reintegrated into society. In short, I must try to balance your personal circumstances with the circumstances of your offending. I must also pass no greater sentence than is necessary in all the circumstances of the case as I find them to be.
53These sentencing purposes as identified in S 5(1) Sentencing Act are all still enlivened in your case. Clearly general and specific deterrence, denunciation, just punishment and protection of the community from your continued offending all loom large in the sentencing process. However if the court is considering making a DATO then your rehabilitation and the protection of the community (achieved through your rehabilitation) have greater importance than those other sentencing purposes.[6]
[6] S 18X(2) Sentencing Act
Findings
54On all the material in front of me I am satisfied on the balance of probabilities that:
(i)you have a substance dependency (methamphetamine);
(ii)that your dependency contributed to the commission of the offending in front of me;
55As to the requirement of contribution, S 18Z(1)(c)(ii) of the Sentencing Act requires that the court is satisfied on the balance of probabilities that the offender’s dependency contributed to the commission of the offence.
56Contribute according to the Australian Oxford English Dictionary is an intransitive verb which has the meaning ‘to help to bring about a result’. Beyond the wording of the statute there is no qualitative nor quantitative assessment demanded of the court beyond satisfaction that the dependency contributed to the offending.
57It was common ground on the determination hearing that you had a substance use dependency at the time of this offending. A live issue however was the contribution of that substance use dependency to this offending.
58Your offending encompassed the obtaining of nearly $170,000 by means of dishonest representations as to your willingness to do work for which you were contracted. Over a period of some 6 months you used your victims as an income stream. However analysis of the available bank accounts (Exhibit 19 and 20 PG) showed over a 3.5 month period monies being paid to on-line gambling platforms equal or in excess to the monies you were obtaining through this offending.
59Ms Sparrow submitted that your need for drugs does not explain the nature and frequency of the payments, as the monies obtained far outweigh the cost of your substance use. It so far outweighs as to place in real doubt whether this offending can be said to have been contributed to your dependency. Her submission was that the exhibit 19 showed that there is more money going out than was being received from this offending, and if one looked at where that money had gone, it was so palpably driven by the gambling addiction that the court could not be satisfied, even to the requisite standard, of the contribution of the dependency to the offending.
60Mr Moir conceded that an excess of money obtained went on gambling. However, he submitted there were other sources of incomes (although as I have indicated he was unable to produce firm evidence in support). Essentially, he characterised the offending as a function of the reckless choices that you made when under the influence of methamphetamine.
61I have found this a difficult matter to determine. True it is that there is no direct connection between this offending and your substance dependency, as with, for example, the theft of a mobile phone which is immediately exchanged or converted into a drug of dependence. Such an example might be considered at one end of a spectrum. Clearly at the other end there will be examples where demonstrably the substance use disorder of a defendant is no more than an attribute of that defendant and provides no contribution to the offending in question.
62There is a clear context to this offending: the end of a relationship, a change of circumstances, an encounter with an old friend, a decision to avoid obligations and an escalating substance use. Mr Collier, this matter has not been helped by your consistent lack of honesty and frankness with the court despite your counsel's best endeavours. Perhaps the most honest thing that you have said to any assessor was when, after I indicated my preparedness to place you on an order, you said to me at the last hearing 'I'm sorry Your Honour, it's just dishonesty comes so natural to me'.
63However, on all the material in front of me I find I cannot exclude a sufficiency of contribution between your substance use disorder and all of the offending. Thus I find that the element of contribution is satisfied for the purposes of the section.
64I also find that otherwise it would be appropriate to impose an immediate sentence of imprisonment of no more than four years and that you are not charged with offending nor subject to any order that would make you ineligible for a Drug and Alcohol Treatment Order. I also find that it is appropriate in all the circumstances to make such an order
Reasons
65You were clearly not a reliable historian, Mr Collier, nor in my view a truthful one. You did not assist your case, nor Mr Moir's efforts to represent you. However, I am impressed, in the literal sense of that word, by the fact that notwithstanding the length of time that you have spent in custody and its relevance in terms of sentencing practices, you were still intent on pursuing a Drug and Alcohol Treatment Order.
66I also have regard to your plea of guilty, which brings with it of course the practical benefit of saving the community the time and expense of a trial and saving your victims the trauma of having to give evidence. It also indicates a willingness to facilitate the course of justice. But it is not an early plea.
67I have regard to your childhood trauma history which it seems to me has long left you lacking in skills and the sense of self necessary to cope with life's ups and downs and also has determined, in my view, how you regard relationships and informed your incapacity to accept the ending of relationships.
68I have regard to your early introduction to drugs of dependence, and to methamphetamine, and that has meant that you have struggled to lead a pro-social life when back in the community.
69Looking at your forensic history, it is clear that neither prison nor past community-based orders have enabled you to achieve a drug and offence free life which you now identify as a goal, but do not identify how you are to get there.
70I have regard to the fact you have worked on your rehabilitation whilst in custody, on the certificates of completion that I was given (Exhibit 13 PG). However, your prospects of rehabilitation are going to be dependent on two things. Firstly, being drug free and remaining so, but more importantly even than that, being honest with your clinical team that are is place.
71You identify goals to Ms Claassen. I say this, Mr Collier. If I had a dollar for every identified goal from someone seeking to get on a Drug and Alcohol Treatment Order, I would have several properties in the Peninsula. The only thing that matters is whether you put those words into action and I am going to give you that opportunity.
Sentence
72On summary Charge 14, you are sentenced to 30 days' imprisonment, time served.
73On Charges 1-26, you are convicted and placed upon a Drug and Alcohol Treatment Order.
74On Charges 17 and 19: you are convicted and sentenced to an aggregate fine $1,000 fine, referred to Fines Victoria
75Charges 1- 16, 18, 20 and 21: you are convicted and placed upon a Drug and Alcohol Treatment Order (DATO).
76A DATO has two parts: the treatment and supervision part and the custodial part. The treatment and supervision part itself has two parts, which are as follows.
77The core conditions, which are that:
(a) you must not commit, whether in or outside of Victoria, another offence punishable on conviction by imprisonment during the time the Order is in force;
(b) you must attend Drug Court when required by the Court to do so;
(c) you must report to the Melbourne Drug Court House within two clear working days after the Order is imposed;
(d) you must report to and accept visits from members of the Drug Court;
(e) you must undergo treatment for alcohol and drug dependency as specified in the Order or by the Drug Court;
(f) you must give notice of any change of address, at least two clear working days before the change, to a specified Drug Court officer;
(g) you are not to leave Victoria without the permission of the Drug Court; and
(h) you are to obey all lawful instructions from the Drug Court Team.
78The core conditions will operate for 24 months, or until further order.
79The program conditions, which are that you must:
(a) Comply with the Individual Treatment Plan dated 12 November 2024 and signed by you on 14 November 2024 submit for drug and alcohol testing AS DIRECTED;
(b) submit to detoxification or other treatment specified in the order AS DIRECTED;
(c) attend vocational, educational and employment programs AS DIRECTED;
(d) submit to medical, psychiatric and psychological treatments AS DIRECTED;
(e) reside at an address as directed by the Drug and Alcohol Treatment Court for until further order;
(f) comply with a curfew that you remain at the address as directed by the Drug and Alcohol Treatment Court between the hours of 9:00 PM and 6 00 AM. This curfew is required until further order;
(g) not use a drug of dependence without lawful authorisation;
(h) abstain from alcohol;
(i) must not attend Gaming Venues, including but not limited to Crown, TAB venues, RSLs or any other venue with slot machines;
(j) must not gamble online or via any Smart Device;
(k) must not access any online gaming platforms;
(l) must only have one mobile phone, and inform the Drug and Alcohol Treatment Court if you change your phone or phone number and reasons for the change;
(m) must only access the internet through one Device, which is nominated within 7 days, and inform the Drug and Alcohol Treatment Court if you change Devices and reasons for the change;
(n) must allow a designated Drug and Alcohol Treatment Court officer to view upon request at any time your internet search history and applications;
(o) must not delete internet search history or any applications without express prior permission of the Drug and Alcohol Treatment Court Team;
(p) Must not drive a motor vehicle:
(q) Do or not do anything else that the Drug Court considers necessary or appropriate concerning:
(i)your drug and alcohol dependency; and
(ii)the personal factors that the Drug Court considers contributed to your criminal behaviour.
80These program conditions will operate for two years, or until further order.
81The custodial part of the DATO is the term of imprisonment that I would have imposed had I not placed you on a DATO, and it is a term of imprisonment of 36 months. That is made up as follows:
82Charge 1-26: Aggregate sentence of 36 months. This makes a Total Effective Sentence of 36 months.
83Pursuant to s 6AAA of the Sentencing Act, had you not pleaded guilty you would have been sentenced to a total effective sentence of 4 years and 3 months, with a non-parole period of 3 years and 2 months.
84Pursuant to s 18(4) of the Sentencing Act 1991, I declare that Ryan Collier has served 461 days of pre-sentence detention.
85Now, you are also waiving all rights of confidentiality of communications between the Drug Court on the one hand, and on the other hand, all treatment providers, all Government agencies, authorities and Departments. Do you understand what you are doing, Mr Collier?
86OFFENDER: Yes
87Do you consent to being placed on a drug and alcohol treatment order?
88OFFENDER: Yes I do, Your Honour.
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