Dansko, LLC v Edward Franklin
WIPO Case No. D2024-2053
•10-07-2024
| ARBITRATION AND MEDIATION CENTER |
ADMINISTRATIVE PANEL DECISION
Dansko, LLC v. Edward Franklin
Case No. D2024-2053
1. The Parties
The Complainant is Dansko, LLC, United States of America (“United States”), represented by Cozen
O'Connor, United States.
The Respondent is Edward Franklin, United States.
2. The Domain Name and Registrar
The disputed domain name <danskolife.com> (the “Disputed Domain Name”) is registered with NameSilo,
LLC (the “Registrar”).
3. Procedural History
The Complaint was filed with the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center (the “Center”) on May 16, 2024. On
May 17, 2024, the Center transmitted by email to the Registrar a request for registrar verification in
connection with the Disputed Domain Name. On May 17, 2024, the Registrar transmitted by email to the
Center its verification response disclosing registrant and contact information for the Disputed Domain Name
which differed from the named Respondent (Unknown Registrant) and contact information in the Complaint.
The Center sent an email communication to the Complainant on May 21, 2024, providing the registrant and
contact information disclosed by the Registrar, and inviting the Complainant to submit an amendment to the
Complaint. The Complainant filed an amended Complaint on May 21, 2024.
The Center verified that the Complaint together with the amended Complaint satisfied the formal
requirements of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Policy” or “UDRP”), the Rules for
Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”), and the WIPO Supplemental Rules for
Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Supplemental Rules”).
In accordance with the Rules, paragraphs 2 and 4, the Center formally notified the Respondent of the Complaint, and the proceedings commenced on May 22, 2024. In accordance with the Rules, paragraph 5, the due date for Response was June 11, 2024. The Respondent did not submit any response. Accordingly, the Center notified the Respondent’s default on June 13, 2024.
The Center appointed Lynda M. Braun as the sole panelist in this matter on June 26, 2024. The Panel finds that it was properly constituted. The Panel has submitted the Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of
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Impartiality and Independence, as required by the Center to ensure compliance with the Rules, paragraph 7.
4. Factual Background
The Complainant, a Pennsylvania limited liability company with its principal place of business in West Grove, its trademarks in connection with its footwear and other goods. The Complainant has protected its DANSKO trademarks by filing for and obtaining trademark registrations in the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”). These registrations include, but are not limited to: DANSKO, United States Trademark Registration No. 2,712,957, registered on May 6, 2003, in international class 25; DANSKO and Design, United States Trademark Registration No. 4,229,969, registered on October 23, 2012, in international classes 3, 18, 25 and 35; and DANSKO and Design, United States Trademark Registration No. 3,265,196, registered on July 17, 2007, in international class 25 (hereinafter collectively known as the “DANSKO Mark”).
Pennsylvania, sells comfort footwear to customers worldwide. As testament to their comfort, the
Complainant’s footwear has been a top choice of medical professionals for over two decades. The
The Complainant owns the domain name <dansko.com> that resolves to its official online website at
“ and on which the Complainant describes and promotes its footwear and other goods
bearing the DANSKO Mark.
The Disputed Domain Name was registered on May 6, 2024, and initially resolved to the Respondent’s unauthorized website at “ purporting to offer footwear and other goods.[1] There were indications that the Respondent used the Disputed Domain Name for fraudulent activity and to deceive the Internet users. For example, the support email and address listed for the Respondent on its website appeared to be fake, and the website advertised almost all of its goods at a steep discount.
The Complainant submitted comparisons of the Complainant’s and the Respondent’s respective webpages as screenshots, attached as Annexes to the Complaint.
5. Parties’ Contentions
A. Complainant
The Complainant contends that it has satisfied each of the elements required under the Policy for a transfer of the Disputed Domain Name. Notably, the Complainant contends that:
| - | the Disputed Domain Name is confusingly similar to the Complainant’s trademark because the |
Disputed Domain Name contains the DANSKO Mark in its entirety, followed by the additional term “life”, and then followed by the generic Top-Level Domain (“gTLD”) “.com”, and thus does not prevent a finding of confusing similarity;
| - | the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the Disputed Domain Name |
because, among other things, the Complainant has not authorized the Respondent to register a domain
name containing the DANSKO Mark, the Respondent was not making a bona fide offering of goods or
services through the Disputed Domain Name, and the Respondent has never been commonly known by the
DANSKO Mark or any similar name; and
| - | the Disputed Domain Name was registered and is being used in bad faith because, among other |
things, the Respondent used the Disputed Domain Name for fraudulent activity and for the purpose of
swindling unsuspecting consumers.
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The Complainant seeks the transfer of the Disputed Domain Name in accordance with paragraph 4(i) of the
Policy.
B. Respondent
The Respondent did not reply to the Complainant’s contentions.
6. Discussion and Findings
In order for the Complainant to prevail and have the Disputed Domain Name transferred to the Complainant, the Complainant must prove the following (Policy, paragraph 4(a)):
(i) the Disputed Domain Name is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which the Complainant has rights; and
(ii) the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the Disputed Domain Name; and
(iii) the Disputed Domain Name was registered and is being used in bad faith.
A. Identical or Confusingly Similar
Paragraph 4(a)(i) of the Policy requires a two-fold inquiry: a threshold investigation into whether a complainant has rights in a trademark, followed by an assessment of whether the disputed domain name is identical or confusingly similar to that trademark. The Panel concludes that in the present case, the Disputed Domain Name is confusingly similar to the DANSKO Mark as explained below.
It is well accepted that the first element functions primarily as a standing requirement. The standing (or threshold) test for confusing similarity involves a reasoned but relatively straightforward comparison between the Complainant’s trademark and the Disputed Domain Name. See WIPO Overview of WIPO Panel Views on Selected UDRP Questions, Third Edition, (“WIPO Overview 3.0”), section 1.7.
It is uncontroverted that the Complainant has established rights in the DANSKO Mark based on its years of use as well as its registered trademarks for the DANSKO Mark before the USPTO. The consensus view of panels is that “registration of a mark is prima facie evidence of validity, which creates a rebuttable
CWI, Inc. v. Domain Administrator c/o Dynadot
presumption that the mark is inherently distinctive”. See , finds that the Complainant has rights in the DANSKO Mark.
The Disputed Domain Name consists of the DANSKO Mark in its entirety followed by the term “life”, and then followed by the gTLD “.com”. It is well established that a domain name that wholly incorporates a trademark may be deemed confusingly similar to that trademark for purposes of the Policy despite the addition of other terms. As stated in section 1.8 of WIPO Overview 3.0, “where the relevant trademark is recognizable within the disputed domain name, the addition of other terms (whether descriptive, geographical, pejorative,
meaningless, or otherwise) would not prevent a finding of confusing similarity under the first element”. Thus, the mere addition of the term “life” to the Complainant’s DANSKO Mark in the Disputed Domain Name does not prevent a finding of confusing similarity. See e.g., Allianz Global Investors of America, L.P. and Pacific Investment Management Company (PIMCO) v. Bingo-Bongo, WIPO Case No. D2011-0795; and Hoffmann-
La Roche Inc. v. Wei-Chun Hsia, WIPO Case No. D2008-0923.
Finally, the addition of a gTLD such as “.com” in a domain name is a technical requirement. As such, it is
well established that a gTLD may typically be disregarded when assessing whether a disputed domain name
is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark. See Proactiva Medio Ambiente, S.A. v. Proactiva, WIPO
Case No. D2012-0182 and WIPO Overview 3.0, section 1.11.1. Thus, the Panel finds that the Disputed
Domain Name is confusingly similar to the Complainant’s DANSKO Mark.
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Based on the available record, the Panel finds that the first element of the Policy has been established.
B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides a list of circumstances in which the Respondent may demonstrate rights or legitimate interests in a disputed domain name. Although the overall burden of proof in UDRP proceedings is on the complainant, panels have recognized that proving that a respondent lacks rights or
legitimate interests in a domain name may result in the difficult task of “proving a negative”, requiring
information that is often primarily within the knowledge or control of the respondent. As such, where a
complainant makes out a prima facie case that the respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests, the burden
of production on this element shifts to the respondent to come forward with relevant evidence demonstrating
rights or legitimate interests in the domain name (although the burden of proof always remains on the
complainant). If the respondent fails to come forward with such relevant evidence, the complainant is
deemed to have satisfied the second element. WIPO Overview 3.0, section 2.1.
In this case, given the facts as set out above, the Panel finds that the Complainant has made out a prima facie case. The Respondent has not submitted any arguments or evidence to rebut the Complainant’s prima facie case. Furthermore, the Complainant has not authorized, licensed, or otherwise permitted the Respondent to use its DANSKO Mark. Nor does the Complainant have any type of business relationship with the Respondent. There is also no evidence that the Respondent is commonly known by the Disputed Domain Name or by any similar name, nor any evidence that the Respondent was using or making demonstrable preparations to use the Disputed Domain Name in connection with a bona fide offering of goods or services. See Policy, paragraph 4(c).
The Disputed Domain Name resolved to the Respondent’s unauthorized website, purporting to offer footwear and other goods which competed with the Complainant.
Finally, the composition of the Disputed Domain Name, comprising the entirety of the DANSKO Mark together with the term “life”, carries a risk of implied affiliation and cannot constitute fair use here, as it effectively suggests sponsorship or endorsement by the Complainant. See WIPO Overview 3.0, section
2.5.1.
In sum, the Panel concludes that the Complainant has established an unrebutted prima facie case that the Respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in the Disputed Domain Name. The Panel finds that the Respondent is using the Disputed Domain Name for commercial gain with the intent to mislead and defraud the Internet users by incorporating the DANSKO Mark into the Disputed Domain Name, resolving to a website competing with the Complainant’s website. Such use cannot conceivably constitute a bona fide offering of a product or service within the meaning of paragraph 4(c)(i) of the Policy.
Based on the available record, the Panel finds that the second element of the Policy has been established.
C. Registered and Used in Bad Faith
The Panel finds that based on the record, the Complainant has demonstrated the existence of the the Policy.
The Panel notes that, for the purposes of paragraph 4(a)(iii) of the Policy, paragraph 4(b) of the Policy establishes circumstances, in particular, but without limitation, that, if found by the Panel to be present, shall be evidence of the registration and use of a domain name in bad faith. Paragraph 4(b) of the Policy sets out a list of non-exhaustive circumstances that may indicate that a domain name was registered and used in bad faith, but other circumstances may be relevant in assessing whether a respondent’s registration and use of a domain name is in bad faith. WIPO Overview 3.0, section 3.2.1.
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The use of a domain name to intentionally attempt to attract Internet users to a respondent’s website or online location by creating a likelihood of confusion with a complainant’s mark as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation or endorsement of the registrant’s website or online location for commercial gain demonstrates registration and use in bad faith. Here, the Respondent’s registration and use of the Disputed Domain Name indicates that such registration and use had been done for the specific purpose of trading upon and targeting the name and reputation of the Complainant. See Madonna Ciccone, p/k/a Madonna v. Dan Parisi and “Madonna.com”, WIPO Case No. D2000-0847 (“[t]he only plausible explanation for Respondent’s actions appears to be an intentional effort to trade upon the fame of Complainant’s name and mark for commercial gain”).
Moreover, the Panel concludes that the Respondent’s registration of the Disputed Domain Name was an attempt to disrupt the Complainant’s business. See Banco Bradesco S.A. v. Fernando Camacho Bohm, WIPO Case No. D2010-1552. The Respondent’s use of the Disputed Domain Name was also likely to
confuse Internet users into incorrectly believing that the Respondent was authorized by or affiliated with the
Complainant.
The Panel also finds that the Respondent knew that the Complainant had rights in the DANSKO Mark when registering the Disputed Domain Name, emblematic of bad faith registration and use. It strains credulity to believe that the Respondent did not know of the Complainant or the DANSKO Mark when registering the Disputed Domain Name. See Myer Stores Limited v. Mr. David John Singh, WIPO Case No. D2001-0763 (“a finding of bad faith may be made where the respondent ‘knew or should have known’ of the registration and/or use of the trademark prior to registering the domain name”). The Panel finds that in the present case, the Respondent had the Complainant’s DANSKO Mark in mind when registering and using the Disputed Domain Name. This is especially true since the Respondent’s Disputed Domain Name incorporated the DANSKO Mark in its entirety and the website connected to the Disputed Domain Name offered competing products.
Based on the available record, the Panel finds that the third element of the Policy has been established.
7. Decision
For the foregoing reasons, in accordance with paragraphs 4(i) of the Policy and 15 of the Rules, the Panel orders that the Disputed Domain Name <danskolife.com> be transferred to the Complainant.
/Lynda M. Braun/
Lynda M. Braun
Sole Panelist
Date: July 10, 2024
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