Cremation Act 1913 (Qld)

Queensland CREMATION ACT 1913 Reprinted as in force on 10 November 1995 (includes amendments up to Act No. 79 of 1993) Reprint No. 1 This reprint is prepared by the Office of the Queensland Parliamentary Counsel Warning—This reprint is not an authorised copy

Information about this reprint This Act is reprinted as at 10 November 1995. The reprint— • shows the law as amended by all amendments that commenced on or before that day (Reprints Act 1992 s 5(c)) • incorporates all necessary consequential amendments, whether of punctuation, numbering or another kind (Reprints Act 1992 s 5(d)). The reprint includes a reference to the law by which each amendment was made—see List of legislation and List of annotations in endnotes. Minor editorial changes allowed under the provisions of the ReprintsAct1992 mentioned in the following list have also been made to— • update citations and references (pt 4, div 2) • update references (pt 4, div 3) • express gender specific provisions in a way consistent with current drafting practice (s 24) • use different spelling consistent with current drafting practice (s 26(2)) • use standard punctuation consistent with current drafting practice (s 27) • use expressions consistent with current drafting practice (s 29) • reorder definitions consistent with current drafting practice (s 30) • relocate marginal or cite notes (s 34) • use aspects of format and printing style consistent with current drafting practice (s 35) • omit provisions that are no longer required (s 39) • omit unnecessary referential words (s 41) • omit the enacting words (s 42A) • number and renumber certain provisions and references (s 43) • correct minor errors (s 44). Also see endnotes for information about— • when provisions commenced • editorial changes made in the reprint, including— • table of changed names and titles • table of changed citations and remade laws • table of obsolete and redundant provisions • table of corrected minor errors • table of renumbered provisions.

Queensland CREMATION ACT 1913 TABLE OF PROVISIONS Section Page 1 Short title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 Cremation to happen only at certain places . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 Permission to cremate at other places . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4A Appeals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5 Conditions of cremation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5A Cremation after burial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6 Relatives etc. may object to cremation in cases where not directed by deceased person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7 Interested persons not to give certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 8 Attorney-General may forbid cremation etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 10 Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 10A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 ENDNOTES 1 Index to endnotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2 Date to which amendments incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3 Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4 List of legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 5 List of annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 6 Table of changed names and titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 7 Table of changed citations and remade laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 8 Table of obsolete and redundant provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

2 Cremation Act 1913 9 Table of corrected minor errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 10 Table of renumbered provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

s1 3 s4 Cremation Act 1913 CREMATION ACT 1913 [as amended by all amendments that commenced on or before 10 November 1995] An Act to regulate the process of cremation ˙ Short title 1. This Act may be cited as the Cremation Act 1913 . ˙ Definitions 2. In this Act— “cremation” means the process of such reduction. “crematorium” means a place furnished with apparatus for reducing the human body to ashes after death. “premises” includes any land, whether improved or unimproved, and whether open or enclosed, and any building or other structure whatsoever. ˙ Cremation to happen only at certain places 3. A person must not cremate a human body at a place unless the use of the place for that purpose is a lawful use of the place under the LocalGovernment (Planning and Environment) Act 1990 . Maximum penalty—20 penalty units. ˙ Permission to cremate at other places 4.(1) A person may apply to the Minister for permission to cremate a human body at another place. (2) The application must be in writing.

s 4A 4 s 4A Cremation Act 1913 (3) The Minister may grant the application only if the Minister is satisfied that the health and safety of the public will not be placed at risk. (4) If the Minister grants the application, the Minister must give the applicant a written permit. (5) The permit may contain conditions. (6) If the Minister refuses the application, the Minister must give the applicant written reasons for the decision. (7) Despite section 3, a person may cremate a human body under the permit. ˙ Appeals 4A.(1) An applicant for a permit under section 4 may appeal against the Minister’s decision— (a) to refuse the application; or (b) to issue a permit, but on conditions that the applicant objects to. (2) The appeal may be made to the Magistrates Court nearest the place of the proposed cremation. (3) An appeal is started by— (a) filing a written notice of appeal with the clerk of the court of the Magistrates Court; and (b) serving a copy of the notice on the Minister. (4) The notice of appeal must state the grounds of the appeal. (5) The power under the Magistrates Courts Act 1921 to make rules of court for Magistrates Courts includes power to make rules of court for appeals to Magistrates Courts under this section. (6) The procedure for an appeal to a Magistrates Court under this section is to be in accordance with— (a) the rules made under the Magistrates Courts Act 1921 ; or (b) in the absence of relevant rules—the court’s directions. (7) An appeal is to be by way of re-hearing, unaffected by the Minister’s decision.

s5 5 s5 Cremation Act 1913 (8) In deciding an appeal, the court— (a) is not bound by the rules of evidence; and (b) must observe natural justice; and (c) may hear the appeal in court or chambers. (9) In deciding an appeal, the court may— (a) confirm the Minister’s decision; or (b) set the Minister’s decision aside and substitute another decision. (10) In substituting another decision, the court has the same powers as the Minister. (11) If the court substitutes another decision, the substituted decision is taken, for the purposes of section 4, to be the Minister’s decision (other than for the purpose of an appeal under subsection (1)). ˙ Conditions of cremation 5.(1) No human body after death shall be cremated unless a permission and certificate to cremate such body has been signed by a government medical officer, a health officer appointed under the HealthAct1937 , a medical officer of health of a local government appointed under the HealthAct1937 , or a legally qualified medical practitioner licensed under the provisions of this section. (1A) Such permission and certificate shall be in the prescribed form. (2) A person authorised by subsection (1) to sign a permission and certificate to cremate a body shall in relation to signing or refusing to sign such a permission and certificate comply with the regulations but in no case shall the person sign such a permission and certificate until— (a) there has been furnished to the person— (i) a certificate in the prescribed form from the medical practitioner who personally attended the deceased for whose body cremation is being sought; or (ii) a coroner’s certificate for the cremation of the body; and (b) the person is satisfied, after adequate inquiry, that the body does not contain a cardiac pacemaker or a radioactive implant.

s5 6 s5 Cremation Act 1913 (2A) A medical practitioner who personally attended the deceased shall not give a certificate for the purposes of this subsection if the medical practitioner is prohibited by the Coroners Act 1958 from giving a medical certificate as to the cause of the death in question. (3) No cremation shall take place until the officer in charge of the crematorium shall have received both the signed permission and certificate in the prescribed form of a medical officer authorised under this Act to give such permission and certificate and the certificate in the prescribed form of the medical practitioner who personally attended the deceased or the coroner’s certificate for the cremation of the body of the deceased. (3A) If the officer in charge of the crematorium cremates or permits the cremation of any human body before he or she shall have received all permissions and certificates required to be received by the officer under this section such officer shall be guilty of a misdemeanour. Maximum penalty—$1 000 or 2 years imprisonment. (4) The officer in charge of the crematorium shall file in and keep at the office at the crematorium all permissions and certificates required to be received by the officer under this section, and shall forthwith upon demand made by a person authorised in that behalf by the Minister for Health and Home Affairs produce any such document to such person. (4A) If the officer in charge of the crematorium fails to comply with any provision of this subsection the officer shall be guilty of an offence. Maximum penalty—$200. (4B) Subsection (4) applies so as not to require the officer in charge of any crematorium to keep at the office thereof any such permission or certificate after the expiration of 15 years from the date of the cremation to which it relates. (5) The Governor in Council may at any time grant a licence to any legally qualified medical practitioner authorising such practitioner to sign permissions and certificates for cremation in the prescribed form and to grant permission to cremate any human body after death as provided by subsections (1) and (2) , and may at any time revoke any such licence.

s 5A 7 Cremation Act 1913 s7 ˙ Cremation after burial 5A.(1) The provisions of this Act relating to cremations shall not apply to the cremation of any human body which has already been buried for a period of not less than 1 year. (2) However, the Governor in Council may, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any Act or law or rule or process of law, make regulations providing for the exhumation and cremation of the remains of any human body which has been buried for a period of not less than 1 year. ˙ Relatives etc. may object to cremation in cases where not directed by deceased person 6.(1) It shall not be lawful, except as hereinafter mentioned, to cremate the body of any deceased person if the deceased person’s surviving spouse or any of the deceased person’s next of kin, whether under or above the age of 18 years, or the deceased person’s executors or any of them, shall object thereto. (2) However, in all cases where a deceased person shall have left an attested memorandum directing that his or her body shall be cremated, it shall be the duty of the deceased person’s executors or administrators to carry out the directions. (3) An application for a permission and certificate under section 5 shall be in the form of the prescribed statutory declaration. (4) Such application shall be made and signed by an executor or by the nearest surviving relative of the deceased, or, if made by any other person, shall show a satisfactory reason why the application is not made by an executor or by the nearest surviving relative. ˙ Interested persons not to give certificates 7. If any person, knowing that he or she has any pecuniary interest in the death of any other person in terms of any policy of life insurance, or that he or she is entitled in expectancy of such death to any real or personal property, shall give or join in giving a certificate concerning the death of such person for the purposes of this Act, such firstmentioned person is

s 8 8 s 10A Cremation Act 1913 guilty of a misdemeanour. Maximum penalty—3 years imprisonment. ˙ Attorney-General may forbid cremation etc. 8.(1) The Attorney-General, solicitor-general, or Minister for Justice, as the case may be, any coroner appointed by or under the Coroners Act 1958 , may in any case, when there shall appear to be reasonable cause for so doing, by signed order addressed to the person in charge of any crematorium, forbid the cremation of any human body after death specified in such writing, either absolutely or until the viscera or any other organs have been removed from such body and lodged in such manner and custody as he or she may require. (2) If any person in charge of any crematorium shall, in contravention of such order, cremate or permit the cremation of such body, the person is guilty of a misdemeanour. Maximum penalty for subsection (2)—$1 000 or 3 years imprisonment. ˙ Regulations 10.(1) The Governor in Council may make regulations for the purposes of this Act. (2) A regulation may— (a) prescribe the purposes for which fees are payable under this Act, the amounts of fees, the persons who are liable to pay fees, when fees are payable, the waiver of fees and the recovery of unpaid amounts of fees; or (b) prescribe offences for contravention of a regulation, and fix a maximum penalty of not more than 2 penalty units for a contravention. 10A.(1) All proceedings for offences against this Act (including any regulations thereunder) except such offences as are by this Act declared to be misdemeanours, shall be heard and determined in a summary way on complaint under the Justices Act 1886 .

s 10A 9 Cremation Act 1913 s 10A (2) A person who— (a) does that which by or under this Act the person is forbidden to do; or (b) does not do that which by or under this Act the person is required or directed to do; or (c) otherwise contravenes or fails to comply with any provision of this Act; shall be guilty of an offence against this Act. (3) A person who is guilty of an offence against this Act shall be liable on conviction to a penalty or punishment not exceeding the penalty or punishment expressly mentioned as the penalty or punishment for the offence, or if a penalty or punishment is not so mentioned, to a maximum penalty of $100. (4) The penalty or punishment, pecuniary or other, set out in, or at the foot of, any section or part of a section of this Act shall indicate that the offence is punishable upon conviction by a penalty or punishment not exceeding that so set out and where the penalty or punishment is expressed to apply to a part only of the section, it shall apply to that part only.

10 Cremation Act 1913 ENDNOTES ´ 1 Index to endnotes Page 2 Date to which amendments incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3 Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4 List of legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 5 List of annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 6 Table of changed names and titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 7 Table of changed citations and remade laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 8 Table of obsolete and redundant provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 9 Table of corrected minor errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 10 Table of renumbered provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 ´ 2 Date to which amendments incorporated This is the reprint date mentioned in the ReprintsAct1992, section 5(c). Accordingly, this reprint includes all amendments that commenced operation on or before 10 November 1995. Future amendments of the Cremation Act 1913 may be made in accordance with this reprint under the Reprints Act 1992, section 49.

11 Cremation Act 1913 3 ´ AIA amd ch def div exp gaz hdg ins lap notfd om o in c p para prec pres prev = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Key Key to abbreviations in list of legislation and annotations Acts Interpretation Act 1954 amended chapter definition division expires/expired gazette heading inserted lapsed notified omitted order in council page paragraph preceding present previous (prev) proc prov pt pubd R[X] RA reloc renum rep s sch sdiv SIA SL sub unnum = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = previously proclamation provision part published Reprint No.[X] Reprints Act 1992 relocated renumbered repealed section schedule subdivision Statutory Instruments Act 1992 subordinate legislation substituted unnumbered ´ 4 List of legislation Cremation Act 1913 4 Geo 5 No. 16 date of assent 14 November 1913 commenced on date of assent as amended by— Cremation Act Amendment Act 1935 26 Geo 5 No. 28 ss 1–7 date of assent 10 December 1935 commenced 18 December 1935 (proc pubd gaz 14 December 1935 p 1864) Coroners Act 1958 7 Eliz 2 No. 32 s 3(1), (3) schs 1, 2 date of assent 30 October 1958 commenced 23 March 1959 (proc pubd gaz 14 March 1959 p 1581) Cremation Acts Amendment Act 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 date of assent 11 December 1961 commenced 3 February 1962 (proc pubd gaz 3 February 1962 p 389) Metric Conversion Act 1972 No. 31 pt 2 sch 1 date of assent 21 December 1972 commenced 1 January 1974 (proc pubd gaz 28 July 1973 p 2275) Age of Majority Act 1974 No. 57 s 8 sch date of assent 27 September 1974 commenced 1 March 1975 (proc pubd gaz 16 November 1974 p 1083)

12 Cremation Act 1913 Cremation Act Amendment Act 1978 No. 39 date of assent 8 June 1978 commenced on date of assent Corrective Services (Consequential Amendments) Act 1988 No. 88 s 3 sch 1 date of assent 1 December 1988 ss 1–2 commenced on date of assent (see s 2(1)) remaining provisions commenced 15 December 1988 (see s 2(2) and order pubd gaz 10 December 1988 p 1675) Health Legislation Amendment Act 1993 No. 79 pts 1, 3 date of assent 17 December 1993 ss 1–2 commenced on date of assent pt 3 (except s 13) commenced on 14 March 1994 (1994 SL No. 84) remaining provision commenced 28 March 1994 (1994 SL No. 104) ´ 5 List of annotations Definitions prov hdg sub 1993 No. 79 s 10(1) s 2 def “Area” ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(i) om 1993 No. 79 s 10(2) def “Cemetery” ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(i) om 1993 No. 79 s 10(2) def “Commissioner” om 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(i) def “crematorium” amd 1993 No. 79 s 10(3) def “Crematorium license” ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(i) om 1993 No. 79 s 10(2) def “Establish” ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(ii) om 1993 No. 79 s 10(2) def “Governor” om 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(iii) def “Holder” ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(ii) om 1993 No. 79 s 10(2) def “Inspector” ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(ii) om 1993 No. 79 s 10(2) def “License” ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(ii) om 1993 No. 79 s 10(2) def “Local Authority” ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(ii) om 1993 No. 79 s 10(2) def “premises” ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(ii) def “Prescribed” om 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(iii) def “Registrar” om 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 2(iii) Cremation to happen only at certain places s 3 sub 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 3; 1993 No. 79 s 11 Permission to cremate at other places s 4 sub 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 3; 1993 No. 79 s 11

13 Cremation Act 1913 Appeals s 4A ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 4 sub 1993 No. 79 s 11 Objections s 4B ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 4 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Grant of application for provisional approval s 4C ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 5 amd 1972 No. 31 s 6 sch 1 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Notice of provisional approval s 4D ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 5 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Grant and transfer of license to establish and use crematorium s 4E ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 6 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Grant of crematorium license s 4F ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 6 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Transfer of crematorium licenses s 4G ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 7 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Terms and conditions of crematorium licenses, &c. s 4H ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 7 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Suspension or cancellation of crematorium license s 4I ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 8 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Licensee to comply with terms and conditions of licenses s 4J ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 8 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Licensees and occupiers to allow entry and inspection s 4K ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 8 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 No cremation without license or on unlicensed premises s 4L ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 9 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Construction of new crematorium or alterations to existing crematorium s 4M ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 9 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Application for approval of construction of new crematorium, &c. s 4N ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 9

14 Cremation Act 1913 amd 1972 No. 31 s 6 sch 1 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Powers of inspectors s 4O ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 10 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Obstructing an inspector, &c. s 4P ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 10 om 1993 No. 79 s 11 Conditions of cremation s 5 sub 1935 26 Geo 5 No. 28 s 3 amd 1958 7 Eliz 2 No. 32 s 3(1) sch 1; 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 11; 1978 No. 39 s 2; 1988 No. 88 s 3 sch 1 Cremation after burial s 5A ins 1935 26 Geo 5 No. 28 s 4 Relatives etc. may object to cremation in cases where not directed by deceased person s 6 amd 1935 26 Geo 5 No. 28 s 5; 1974 No. 57 s 8 sch Interested persons not to give certificates s 7 1988 No. 88 s 3 sch 1 Attorney-General may forbid cremation etc. s 8 amd 1958 7 Eliz 2 No. 32 s 3(1) sch 1 Consent of cemetery authorities to application for a crematorium s 9 om 1993 No. 79 s 12 Regulations s 10 sub 1935 26 Geo 5 No. 28 s 6 amd 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 12 sub 1993 No. 79 s 13 s 10A ins 1935 26 Geo 5 No. 28 s 6 amd 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 13 By-laws, &c. s 11 sub 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 14 om 1993 No. 79 s 14 Saving s 12 ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 14 om 1993 No. 79 s 14 Scale of fees, &c., to be approved by Governor in Council s 13 ins 1961 10 Eliz 2 No. 37 s 14 om 1993 No. 79 s 14

15 Cremation Act 1913 ´ 6 Table of changed names and titles TABLE OF CHANGED NAMES AND TITLES under the Reprints Act 1992 ss 23 and 23A Old New Reference provision local authority local government Local Government Act 1993 s 796(1)(a) ´ 7 Table of changed citations and remade laws TABLE OF CHANGED CITATIONS AND REMADE LAWS under the Reprints Act 1992 ss 21A and 22 Old New Reference provision Health Act 1900 Health Act 1937 — ´ 8 Table of obsolete and redundant provisions TABLE OF OBSOLETE AND REDUNDANT PROVISIONS under the Reprints Act 1992 s 39 Omitted provision Provision making omitted provision obsolete/redundant definitions to be read in context penalty provision permitting fine or imprisonment permits both Acts Interpretation Act 1954 s 32A Penalties and SentencesAct 1992 s 180A ´ 9 Table of corrected minor errors Provision TABLE OF CORRECTED MINOR ERRORS under the Reprints Act 1992 s 44 Description 5(5) om ‘license’ ins ‘licence’

16 Cremation Act 1913 ´ 10 Table of renumbered provisions TABLE OF RENUMBERED PROVISIONS under the Reprints Act 1992 s 43 Previous Renumbered as 5(1), 2nd sentence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5(1A) 5(2), 2nd sentence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5(2A) 5(3), 2nd sentence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5(3A) 5(4), 2nd sentence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5(4A) 5(4), 3rd sentence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5(4B) 5A, 1st sentence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A(1) 5A, proviso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A(2) 6, 1st sentence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6(1) 6, 1st sentence, proviso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6(2) 6, 2nd sentence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6(3) 6, 3rd sentence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6(4) 8, 1st sentence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8(1) 8, 1st sentence, 1st unnum para . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8(2) © State of Queensland 1998