Code of Practice for Persons Working on or Near Energised Electrical Installations (WA)
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WESTERN 5801 AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT
ISSN 1448-949X (print) ISSN 2204-4264 (online)
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PERTH, FRIDAY, 1 DECEMBER 2017 No. 225 SPECIAL PERTH, FRIDAY, 1 DECEMBER 2017 No. 225 PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY KEVIN J. McRAE, GOVERNMENT PRINTER AT 1.00 PM
© STATE OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA
ELECTRICITY ACT 1945
ELECTRICITY (LICENSING) REGULATIONS 1991
_________
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR
PERSONS WORKING ON OR
NEAR ENERGISED ELECTRICAL
INSTALLATIONS
5802 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1 December 2017 Preface EnergySafety has developed this Code of Practice for Persons Working on or Near Energised
Electrical Installations (the Code).
The Code commences on the day the Electricity (Licensing) Amendment Regulations (No. 2) 2017
commences.
Compliance with the Code is made mandatory by Regulation 49(1) of the Electricity (Licensing)Regulations 1991.
A downloadable copy of the Code is available from EnergySafety’s website at—
.
KEN BOWRON
Director of Energy SafetyNovember 2017
Feedback on any aspect of this document is encouraged. Comments and suggestions may be sent to—
Director of Energy Safety
EnergySafety
Locked Bag 14
Cloisters Square WA 6850 or
Email: energysafety@ dmirs.wa.gov.au
1 December 2017 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 5803 ELECTRICITY ACT 1945
ELECTRICITY (LICENSING) REGULATIONS 1991
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR PERSONS WORKING ON OR NEAR
ENERGISED ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
CONTENTS
1. Scope of this Code
2. Definitions
3. Responsibilities
4. Work on electrical installations—de-energised work
4.1 Procedure for de-energising
4.2 Risks when fault finding and testing on de-energised equipment 5. Carrying out electrical work on or near energised electrical installations
5.1 Summary of requirements before electrical work is carried out on or near energised
electrical installations
5.2 Risk assessment
5.2.1 Typical risks when carrying out electrical work on or near energised electrical
installations
5.2.2 Hazards indirectly caused by electricity—conductive materials
5.2.3 Arc Flash Hazard
5.2.4 Risks when fault finding and testing on energised equipment
5.2.5 Further guidance on the Risk Assessment Process
5.3 Assessment by the competent person
5.4 Safe work method statement (SWMS)
5.5 Tools and equipment
5.5.1 Training of electrical workers on testing
5.5.2 Personal protective equipment (PPE)
5.6 Safety barriers
5.7 Safety signs
5.8 Safety observers
5.9 Completion of work
5.10 Leaving work unfinished
5.11 Emergency planning
Appendix A—Safe Work Method Statement—Template
Appendix B—Decision Flowchart—Work on or near energised electrical installations
1 December 2017 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 5805 ELECTRICITY ACT 1945
ELECTRICITY (LICENSING) REGULATIONS 1991
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR PERSONS WORKING ON OR NEAR
ENERGISED ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
1. Scope of this Code
Regulation 55 of the Electricity (Licensing) Regulations 1991 prohibits electrical work on or near an energised part of an electrical installation except under certain specific situations prescribed in sub- regulation 55(2).
This Code prescribes additional requirements for those persons who will be authorising or carrying out electrical work on or near energised electrical installations. It is to be read in conjunction with the Occupational Safety and Health Regulations 1996 (OSHR), in particular Part 3 Division 6.
Compliance with the Code may be achieved by following another method utilising sound risk management practices, if it provides an equivalent or higher standard of electrical safety than the Code.
The Code applies to all electrical work on low-voltage and high-voltage installations. It does not apply to work on extra-low voltage[1] electrical equipment.
[1] Voltages that do not exceed 50 volts a.c. or 120 volts ripple-free d.c.Regulation 55 does not apply to a network operator’s network but does apply to electrical installations that are not part of the network operator’s network such as general power and lighting in switchyards
and associated control buildings.
This Code has been made in accordance with Part VI of the Interpretation Act 1984 and has the power
of subsidiary legislation. It is referenced in regulation 49(1) of the Electricity (Licensing)Regulations 1991.
2. Definitions
The following terms used in this Code have the same meaning as those terms in the Electricity
(Licensing) Regulations 1991—
de-energised has the meaning given in regulation 3;
electrical installation has the meaning given in regulation 3;
energised has the meaning given in regulation 3;
electrical work has the meaning given in regulation 4A;
near has the meaning given in sub-regulation 54A(2);written form includes retrievable electronic records.
The term competent person used in this Code has the meaning given in Regulation 1.3 of the
Occupational Safety and Health Regulations 1996—
“competent person, in relation to the doing of anything, means a person who has acquired
through training, qualification or experience, or a combination of those things, the knowledge
and skills required to do that thing competently.”
3. Responsibilities
The following persons are collectively responsible for ensuring that electrical work is carried out
under de-energised conditions in all circumstances except as permitted by Regulation 55—
1. A person carrying out electrical work;
2. An electrical contractor or in-house electrical installing work licence holder;
3. A person who, at a workplace, is[2]—
[2] See Occupational Safety and Health Regulations 1996 for the definition of the listed persons.
an employer; the main contractor; a self-employed person; a person having control of the workplace; or a person having control of access to the workplace.
5806 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1 December 2017 4. Work on electrical installations—de-energised work
4.1 Procedure for de-energising
The most effective safety control measure is to de-energise the relevant part of the electrical installation and to ensure the work is not carried out near any part of the installation that remains energised.
Before any electrical work is undertaken, the responsible person must ensure the electrical
installation or the relevant part of the electrical installation to be worked on—
a. is tested by a competent person to ascertain whether or not it is energised; and b. if it is found to be energised, is de-energised by a competent person.
To effectively de-energise the electrical equipment or circuit to be worked on, the following procedural
steps should be taken in the order shown—
(1) Identify the circuit to be worked on and verify it is the correct circuit by testing i.e. do not rely
on labels or other means.(2) Disconnect all supplies of electricity to the installation, or that part of it to be worked on, by opening the necessary switches and/or removing fuses and links. There might be multiple network connections, standby generators, solar panels, batteries, back-up supplies or uninterruptable power supplies from other parts of the installation.
(3) If work will be carried out near other energised parts of the installation, disconnect the electricity supply to these parts of the installation as well or provide barriers to prevent contact with the energised parts.
(4) Fit locks and appropriate tags at the point(s) of isolation to ensure the equipment being worked on cannot be accidently re-energised.
(5) Test between all exposed conductors and a known earth to prove they have been de-energised. The safe work principle ‘TEST BEFORE YOU TOUCH’ must be applied at all times. Even if the electricity supply has been disconnected, it must be assumed that all conductors and
electrical components are energised until they have been proven de-energised.(6) Where determined as necessary following a risk assessment, bond exposed conductors together and connect to earth using appropriately rated earthing equipment.
(7) Identify the safe area of work clearly by erecting barriers or warning signs. A detailed procedure for effective electrical isolation of low voltage electrical installations is provided
in Section 3.2 of AS/NZS 4836:2011 ‘Safe working on or near low-voltage electrical installations and equipment’. These principles, modified as necessary, may be similarly applied to high voltageelectrical installations.
4.2 Risks when fault finding and testing on de-energised equipment
During electrical testing of de-energised equipment, a considerable build-up of capacitive charge can work is performed. (TEST BEFORE YOU TOUCH)
occur and remain on the equipment following completion of the testing.
5. Carrying out electrical work on or near energised electrical installationsA person carrying out electrical work or causing electrical work to be carried out, on or near an exposed energised part of an electrical installation commits an offence unless the person carries out the work or causes the work to be carried out under regulation 55.
The flowchart in Appendix B can be used to assist with the decision-making process.
A person or business requiring electrical work to be carried out may provide operational reasons appearing to justify energised electrical work. Requiring electrical work to be carried out while the equipment is energised when it could be avoided places an onerous responsibility on the person or business to manage the risks. Should an incident occur as a result of carrying out energised electrical work, the person or business is at risk of being found not to have provided a safe workplace. This could contravene the primary duty of care under the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1984.
5.1 Summary of requirements before electrical work is carried out on or near energised
electrical installations
Regulation 55(2) requires that, before electrical work is carried out on or near an energised part of an
electrical installation, the following measures must be taken—
(a) A risk assessment is to be undertaken by a competent person familiar with the type of work to be carried out; and (b) The competent person is satisfied that the requirements of regulation 55(2)(b) are met; and (c) A safe work method statement (SWMS) for the work has been prepared in accordance with regulation 3.143(4) of the OSHR; and (d) Suitable personal protective equipment and safety equipment is used by the person carrying out the work.
1 December 2017 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 5807 5.2 Risk assessment
The risk assessment must be undertaken by a competent person. The risk assessment must—
identify the electrical and other hazards to which a person doing the work is likely to be exposed and assess the risk of injury or harm;
be designed to check compliance with the legislative requirements; be in written form; and
determine the risk level and include appropriate risk control measures to be implemented. A copy of the risk assessment must be kept for a period of 2 years after all the work to which it relates is completed.
5.2.1 Typical risks when carrying out electrical work on or near energised electrical
installations
Typical risks to be considered are—
electric shock, if contact is made with exposed energised parts or due to high or low voltage flash-over;
explosion (arc blast) or flashover, for example if a metal tool or fixture is dropped onto energised busbars causing a short circuit;
exposure to high-temperature parts causing burns to bare skin; and electrical fires caused, for example, by allowing moisture or dust to enter electrical equipment.
The following factors must be taken into account in assessing risks—
type of work carried out and tools or equipment to be used; proximity of the work to energised parts; maintenance of minimum safe egress clearances;
types of tools and equipment used in the work, for example the conductive properties of tools;
condition of the equipment i.e. such as any degradation from its original condition; and environmental conditions such as confined space, unfavourable weather, wet surfaces or wet PPE, or working at height.
5.2.2 Hazards indirectly caused by electricity—conductive materials
Persons can be exposed to electrical hazards, including electric shock, arcing and explosion, without equipment used must be non-conductive or insulated and rated for the type of work being carried out.
directly contacting exposed energised parts of electrical installations.
Other conductive materials can provide current paths for the electric shock, fault current or both.
All materials, including gases and liquids, must be regarded as conductive unless proven otherwise.
Particular care must be taken when exposed energised parts are near earthed situations.
The electric shock path to earth can be via conductive materials, such as concrete or timber with a
high moisture content, or water. For example, ladders that are damp or dirty might become
conductive and create a potential hazard.Examples include—
torches; telescopic devices; rulers and tape measures; insulated hand tools, for example screwdrivers, pliers, cable cutters, spanners and crimpers; insulating mats and barriers; and power tools. Workers must be trained in the use of such tools and the relevant equipment.
5.2.3 Arc Flash Hazard
An arc-flash can occur when electrical insulation between conductors can no longer withstand the applied voltage or is bridged by conductive material. Arcing faults can generate extreme forces and temperatures with serious burns or fatal injuries a common consequence. Arcing fault incidents can also occur when equipment is being energised or de-energised.
If work is undertaken on a completely de-energised switchboard and no switching operations are to be
performed manually, an arc flash hazard would not be present.Whenever work is undertaken near energised parts of an installation, the risk of arc-flash must form
part of the risk assessment. The risk assessment must consider, but not be limited to—
(a) Fault level;
(b) Specific arc flash containment within the design of the equipment; (c) Likely direction of an arc blast; and
(d) Inappropriate or out-of-date protection settings.
5808 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1 December 2017 5.2.4 Risks when fault finding and testing on energised equipment
The risk of electric shock, electrocution, arc flash, arc blast and consequential burn injuries exists when performing fault-finding or testing on or near exposed energised conductors or conductive parts. To manage this risk, the same precautions taken for any other work on or near energised electrical
equipment apply, namely—
Before commencing the work—
o the associated risks shall be assessed and documented; and o the risk control measures shall be documented in the SWMS and implemented;
Workers must be appropriately trained and competent in the application of test procedures and in the use of test instruments on energised equipment (refer section 5.5.1); and
Workers must wear the appropriate, correctly rated PPE for the work to be performed as determined by the risk assessment (refer section 5.5.2).
5.2.5 Further guidance on the Risk Assessment Process
The following documents provide further guidance on how to prepare a risk assessment—
AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009—Risk management—Principles and guidelines; SA/SNZ HB 436:2013—Risk management guidelines—Companion to AS/NZS ISO 31000; and The Commission for Occupational Safety and Health’s Guidance note: General duty of care in Western Australian workplaces.
5.3 Assessment by the competent person
The competent person must assess the work to be undertaken and be satisfied that—
(1) There is no reasonable alternative to carrying out the work while the part of the electrical installation is energised.
For the work to proceed, he/she must ascertain that—
(a) the work could not be carried out effectively if the installation was de-energised; or (b) it is necessary that the part of the installation be energised because carrying out the work by alternative means would put the health or safety of one or more persons in imminent and significant danger; or (c) it is not possible to test, measure the performance of or detect or locate faults or defects in the electrical installation or the part of the installation, unless that part of the installation is energised; and
(2) The risks identified by the risk assessment after implementation of the risk control measures are as low as reasonably practicable; and
(3) The work can be carried out safely.
5.4 Safe work method statement (SWMS)
Before any electrical work is undertaken on or near an energised part of an electrical installation, a
SWMS must be prepared by a responsible and competent person.
The SWMS must comply with Regulation 3.143 of the OSHR.
The SWMS documents a process for identifying and controlling health and safety hazards and risks.It might also incorporate a risk assessment.
The SWMS must—
be developed in consultation with relevant workers; identify the electrical work; specify the hazards associated with that electrical work and risks associated with those hazards;
describe the measures to be implemented to control the risks; describe how the risk control measures are to be implemented, monitored and reviewed, and may include the risk assessment prepared for the relevant work;
be in writing. It must be written in a way that makes it readily understandable by the workers who are to use it;
be kept up to date; must be revised if a decision is made to change relevant safe work procedures at the workplace;
to the extent practicable, be reviewed by a different competent person; be readily accessible to any worker who is to carry out the electrical work covered by the statement; and
must be kept for a period of 2 years after all the work to which it relates is completed. A sample template of a suitable SWMS is provided in Appendix A of this Code. [Note: this is provided for guidance only and is not intended to duplicate or replace existing risk management systems (where these are effective) used by electrical workers.]
1 December 2017 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 5809 5.5 Tools and equipment Insulated tools and equipment must be suitable for the work and be visually examined before every
use.
Where any doubt exists that the insulation of tools and equipment might not be adequate they must
not be used.All safety equipment and tools shall be maintained and tested where required, in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions. They must not be used where the test labels are missing or the
certification period has expired.
5.5.1 Training of electrical workers on testing
All workers must be competent in the safe use of their safety equipment and tools (including PPE).
All workers carrying out electrical testing must be appropriately trained and competent in test
procedures and in the use of testing instruments and equipment, including—
being able to use the device safely and in the manner for which it was intended;
being able to determine, by visual examination and functional testing, that the device is safe for use—for example, confirming the integrity of insulated gloves prior to commencing work;
understanding the limitations of the equipment and whether it is fit for purpose—for example, when testing to prove an alternating current circuit is de-energised, whether the
device is capable of detecting the presence of capacitive charge; and
being aware of the electrical safety implications for others when the device is being used—for example, whether the device causes the electric potential of the earthing system to rise to a hazardous level, or knowing what to do to ensure electrical safety when an inconclusive or incorrect result is obtained.
5.5.2 Personal protective equipment (PPE)
PPE for electrical work, including testing and fault-finding, must be suitable for the work, properly on its use and care so that it works effectively.
tested and maintained in good working order.
Depending on the type of work and the risks involved, the following PPE should be considered—
Face Protection—use of a suitably arc rated full face shield might be appropriate when working where there is potential for high current and arcing.
Eye Protection—metal spectacle frames should not be worn.
Gloves—use gloves insulated to the highest voltage expected and thermally rated for the work being undertaken. Work gloves may be considered for de-energised electrical work.
Clothing—use non-synthetic clothing of non-fusible material and flame resistant to the required thermal rating. Clothing made from conductive material or containing metal threads
must not be worn.
Footwear—use non-conductive footwear that complies with relevant Australian Standards. A detailed guide to selection of personal protective equipment for work on or near low voltage
electrical installations is provided in Section 9 of AS/NZS 4836:2011 ‘Safe working on or near low-
voltage electrical installations and equipment’.The Occupational Safety and Health Regulations 1996 also has specific requirements for some forms of personal protective equipment.
5.6 Safety barriers
The risk assessment must determine whether a barrier is appropriate to address the relevant risks
and fit for purpose.
As a control measure, suitable barriers may be designed, erected or installed to prevent inadvertent
direct or indirect contact with an uninsulated energised part of the electrical installation. They can
allow work to happen nearer to energised parts of an electrical installation.
Such a physical safety barrier must consist of a non-conductive material such as wood or plastic or,
alternatively, correctly earthed steel and be strong enough to withstand the impact from falling
objects or loose material. It must offer effective insulation and separation from adjacent energised
equipment. The barrier must be of robust construction and its dimensions must be sufficient to guard
the work area.
The barrier must be erected safely. This might require de-energising the electrical installation (or
parts of it) while the barrier is installed.
Barriers shall be used to exclude persons generally from a work area where there is a risk from
energised exposed parts. Secure housings, enclosures, doors and walls might provide appropriate
safety barriers.
A barrier might be temporary or permanent and, if applicable, should clearly designate the safe work
area by defining the approach path to the relevant piece of equipment/installation.Barriers must be secured to prevent movement while the work is being performed.
5.7 Safety signs
Safety signs must be erected or installed to alert workers, warn others and direct people away from accessible dangerous work areas.
5810 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1 December 2017 5.8 Safety observers A competent safety observer must be present when work is carried out on an energised electrical installation unless the risk assessment has determined that there is no serious risk associated with the proposed work.
The role of the safety observer must be clearly communicated to all workers and be understood by them.
The safety observer must understand the hazards and—
be competent to implement control measures in an emergency; be competent to rescue the worker who is carrying out the work if necessary, and must have been assessed in the previous 12 months as competent to rescue and resuscitate a person;
not carry out any other work or function that compromises their role—for example, they must not be required to observe more than one task at a time;
not be situated in the work basket of the elevating work platform from which the electrical work is being carried out;
be able to communicate quickly and effectively with the electrical worker(s) carrying out the work. Specialist equipment might be necessary if there is a barrier to communication such as
a high level of noise; and
not have any known temporary or permanent disabilities that would adversely affect their role and performance.
5.9 Completion of work
Prior to energising the electrical installation—
All relevant persons shall be notified that the electricity supply is about to be connected;
A visual check shall be conducted to ensure that all tools, surplus material and wastes have been removed;
Where applicable, circuits and equipment must be restored to normal operating condition e.g. conductor terminations might have been temporarily disconnected as part of the de-
energisation procedure or protection settings modified;
All guards and covers must be reinstated; All temporary electrical bonding or earthing equipment must be removed and accounted for;
Applicable personal tags and locks shall be removed by the person who fitted them; Work permits must be relinquished; and For a high voltage installation, a suitable switching program must be carried out by an authorised switching operator.
Once the equipment is energised, functional testing may be carried out, as required, e.g. phase rotation check.
5.10 Leaving work unfinished
If work is left unfinished, the workplace must be left in a safe state including, for example, by—
terminating or shrouding any exposed conductors; physically securing any exposed conductors or surrounding metal work; tagging, taping off the electrical equipment and the workplace area and display of warning signs;
informing affected persons at the workplace the work is not complete and advising of potential hazards;
ensuring that the status of switchboards and electrical equipment are clearly and correctly labelled;
taking any other necessary precautions to ensure that electrical equipment cannot be inadvertently energised; and
handing over adequate information to workers taking up the unfinished work to allow them to continue to work safely.
5.11 Emergency planning
Quick action after an electrical incident causing injury can save a life or significantly reduce the severity of the injury or damage to property. An emergency response plan that includes accurate location details to inform the emergency response group must also be prepared.
Any person who receives an electrical shock should seek medical attention. Even if an electrical at heights (e.g. scaffolding, elevating work platforms), workplaces with hazardous atmospheres presenting a risk to health or safety from fire or explosion, and confined spaces including trenches, shafts and tunnels.
incident does not appear to have caused injury at the time, there might be some delayed effects.
A well-prepared emergency response plan assists in managing the severity of the injury where an
incident has occurred and takes into account the health and safety of those required to respond to the
incident. For example, in an exposed energised high voltage situation, the electricity supply must be
disconnected and the electrical equipment proved de-energised before carrying out a rescue.
1 December 2017 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 5811 Appendix A
SAFE WORK METHOD STATEMENT
For work at: __________________________________________________________________________________________ Equipment involved: _________________________________________________________________________________ Prepared by: ________________________________________________________ on _______/_______/20_________
Work must be carried out in accordance with this SWMS.
This SWMS must be kept and be available for inspection until the electrical work to which it relates is
completed. If the SWMS is revised, all versions should be kept.The SWMS must be kept for at least 2 years from the date of completion of the work.
Person in charge of the Electrical Contractor place where the work (Name, contact details) will be carried out (Name, contact details) Worksite manager: Date SWMS given to Contact phone no. EC Work activity (job description) Person responsible for ensuring compliance with SWMS What measures are in place to ensure
compliance with theSWMS Person responsible for Date SWMS received reviewing the SWMS by reviewer control measures How will the SWMS control measures be reviewed? Review date Reviewer’s signature
What are the tasks What are the hazards and risks? What are the control measures? involved? List the work tasks in a Identify the hazards and risks that Describe what will be done to control logical order. might cause harm to workers or the the risk. What will you do to make the public. activity as safe as possible? Name of worker(s) involved in the work EW number Worker’s signature(s)
5812 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, WA 1 December 2017 Appendix B
DECISION FLOWCHART—WORK ON OR NEAR ENERGISED ELECTRICAL
INSTALLATIONS
Regulation 55
There is no reasonable alternative if:
a) The work could not be carried out effectively if the
Electrical work installation was de-energised; or
b) The health or safety of one or more persons would be
put in imminent and significant danger if the installation
(or part of) was de-energised to do the work; or
c) It is not possible to test, measure the performance of
or detect or locate faults or defects in the electricalCan work installation, or the part of the installation, unless it is
See Section 3 NO
be carried out with energised.
installation (or part thereof)
YES
de-energised?
Is the
Is the
proposed energised
de-energised work YES NO work permitted by at least one of
to be carried out near
the conditions for “no reasonable
(other) energised
alternative” in the
equipment?
Regulations?
NO
YES
See Section 4.2
Perform Record kept
Assessment by a Risk Assessment
“Competent Person”
See Section 4.3
Can risks be
eliminated or reduced NO to as low as reasonably practicable and work done safely?
YES
See Section 4.4
Prepare Safe Work
Method Statement Record kept (SWMS)
See Sections
4.5, 4.6, 4.7 & 4.8
See Section 3.2 Implement Control Measures per Risk Assessment and SWMS De-energise
installation or May include: relevant parts De-energise some parts of installation
Special tools and equipment
PPE
Barriers & signage
Safety observers
Commence work
Commence work on Work must not on or near energised
de-energised equipment
equipment proceed ———————————
0
0
0