BASF Se v m f
WIPO Case No. D2023-3492
•25-10-2023
ARBITRATION
AND
| MEDIATION CENTER |
ADMINISTRATIVE PANEL DECISION
BASF SE v. m f
Case No. D2023-3492
1. The Parties
The Complainant is BASF SE, Germany, represented by IP Twins, France.
The Respondent is m f, United States of America.
2. The Domain Name and Registrar
The disputed domain name <basfcorporation.com> is registered with NameCheap, Inc. (the “Registrar”).
3. Procedural History
The Complaint was filed with the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center (the “Center”) on August 17, 2023.
On August 17, 2023, the Center transmitted by email to the Registrar a request for registrar verification in
connection with the disputed domain name. On August 17, 2023, the Registrar transmitted by email to the
Center its verification response disclosing registrant and contact information for the disputed domain name
which differed from the named Respondent (Privacy service provided by Withheld for Privacy ehf) and
contact information in the Complaint. The Center sent an email communication to the Complainant on
August 21, 2023 providing the registrant and contact information disclosed by the Registrar, and inviting the
Complainant to submit an amendment to the Complaint. The Complainant filed an amended Complaint on
August 24, 2023.
The Center verified that the Complaint together with the amended Complaint satisfied the formal
requirements of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Policy” or “UDRP”), the Rules for
Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”), and the WIPO Supplemental Rules for
Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Supplemental Rules”).
In accordance with the Rules, paragraphs 2 and 4, the Center formally notified the Respondent of the Complaint, and the proceedings commenced on August 29, 2023. In accordance with the Rules, paragraph 5, the due date for Response was September 18, 2023. The Respondent did not submit any response. Accordingly, the Center notified the Respondent’s default on September 19, 2023.
The Center appointed Rodrigo Azevedo as the sole panelist in this matter on October 2, 2023. The Panel finds that it was properly constituted. The Panel has submitted the Statement of Acceptance and
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Declaration of Impartiality and Independence, as required by the Center to ensure compliance with the
Rules, paragraph 7.
4. Factual Background
The Complainant is one of the largest chemical companies in the world.
The Complainant is the owner of numerous trademark registrations for BASF, such as the International
Registration n° 638794, registered on May 3,1995.
The Respondent registered the disputed domain name on March 15, 2023.
At the time of filing of the Complaint, the disputed domain name was inactive. The Panel also accessed the disputed domain name on October 7, 2023, and it was not linked to any active website.[1]
[1] Further to the WIPO Overview of WIPO Panel Views on Selected UDRP Questions, Third Edition (“WIPO Overview 3.0”), section 4.8,
5. Parties’ Contentions
A. Complainant
The Complainant makes the following contentions:
| - | The disputed domain name is confusingly similar to a trademark in which the Complainant has rights. BASF is a famous trademark. The BASF trademark is reproduced identically within the disputed domain name, in highly visible and recognizable position. The BASF trademark is associated with the term “corporation” in the disputed domain name, which refers to the legal form of the Complainant. Therefore, the addition of this term to the BASF trademark not only does nothing to diminish the risk of confusion, but rather increases the risk of confusion on the part of Internet users of average attention. The use of lower-case letter format is not significant in determining whether the domain name is identical or confusingly similar to the mark. For the purposes of assessing identity and confusing similarity, it is typically permissible for the Panel to ignore the generic Top-Level Domain (“gTLD”). |
| - | The Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain name. The Respondent in this administrative proceeding is unknown at the time of the original filing of the Complaint. Further to the Center’s Notice of Registrant Information, the Respondent was identified as “m f”. The Respondent is not commonly known, as an individual or organization, by the disputed domain name. The Respondent has acquired no trademark or service mark related to the BASF term. The Respondent reproduces the Complainant’s trademark without any license or authorization from the Complainant. The Respondent’s use of the disputed domain name or preparation to use the disputed domain name demonstrates no intent to use it in connection with a bona fide offering of goods or services at the time of original filing of the Complaint. The Respondent has never been granted authorization, license or any right whatsoever to use the Complainant’s BASF trademarks. Moreover, the Respondent is not commercially linked to the Complainant. Since the adoption and extensive use by the Complainant of the trademark BASF predates the registration date of the disputed domain name, the burden is on the Respondent to establish the rights or legitimate interests the Respondent may have or have had in the disputed domain name. None of the circumstances which set out how a respondent can prove its rights or legitimate interests, are present in this case. |
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| - | The disputed domain name was registered and is being used in bad faith. The BASF trademarks are so widely known that it is inconceivable that the Respondent ignored the Complainant’s earlier rights in the term BASF. The Respondent had obviously the Complainant’s name and trademark in mind | |
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B. Respondent
The Respondent did not reply to the Complainant’s contentions.
6. Discussion and Findings
Paragraph 4(a) of the Policy provides that in order to be entitled to a transfer of the disputed domain name, a complainant shall prove the following three elements:
(i) The disputed domain name is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which the Complainant has rights; and
(ii) The Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain name; and
(iii) The disputed domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.
A. Identical or Confusingly Similar
The Panel has no doubt that BASF is a coined term directly connected with the Complainant’s trademarks.
Annexes 4 and 5 to the Complaint show trademark registrations belonging to the Complainant for BASF that date as early as in 1995.
The trademark BASF is wholly encompassed within the disputed domain name. The disputed domain name differs from the Complainant’s trademark BASF merely by the addition of the suffix “corporation”, as well as of the gTLD extension “.com”.
Previous UDRP decisions have found that the mere addition of other terms (such an “corporation”, for a
business enterprise) to a trademark in a domain name does not avoid a finding of confusing similarity
(see, e.g., BHP Billiton Innovation Pty Ltd v. Oloyi, WIPO Case No. D2017-0284; and Allianz SE v. IP Legal,
Allianz Bank Limited, WIPO Case No. D2017-0287).
It is also already well established that the addition of a gTLD extension such as “.com” is typically irrelevant when determining whether a domain name is confusingly similar to a complainant’s trademark.
As a result, the Panel finds that the disputed domain name is confusingly similar to the Complainant’s trademarks, and that the Complainant has satisfied the first element of the Policy.
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B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides some examples without limitation of how a respondent can demonstrate rights or legitimate interests in a domain name:
(i) before receiving any notice of the dispute, the respondent used or made demonstrable preparations to use the domain name in connection with a bona fide offering of goods or services; or
(ii) the respondent has been commonly known by the domain name; or
(iii) the respondent is making a legitimate noncommercial or fair use of the domain name without intent for commercial gain to misleadingly divert consumers or to tarnish the trademark at issue.
Based on the Respondent’s default and on the prima facie case established by the Complainant, the Panel finds that the above circumstances are not present in this particular case and that the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name.
The Complainant has not licensed or authorized the usage of its trademarks to the Respondent, and it does not appear from the present record that the Respondent is commonly known by the disputed domain name. The Respondent has not indicated any reason to justify why it has chosen the specific term “basfcorporation”
to compose the disputed domain name.
The Panel notes that the present record provides no evidence to demonstrate the Respondent’s intent to use or to make preparations to use the disputed domain name in connection with a bona fide offering of goods or services. Indeed, the disputed domain name is currently not linked to any active website.
Consequently, the Panel is satisfied that the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name, and the Complainant has proven the second element of the Policy.
C. Registered and Used in Bad Faith
Paragraph 4(b) of the Policy states that the following circumstances in particular, but without limitation, shall be evidence of registration and use of a domain name in bad faith:
(i) circumstances indicating that the respondent has registered or acquired the domain name primarily for the purpose of selling, renting, or otherwise transferring the domain name registration to the complainant who is the owner of the trademark or service mark or to a competitor of that complainant, for valuable consideration in excess of documented out-of-pocket costs directly related to the domain name; or
(ii) the respondent registered the domain name in order to prevent the owner of the trademark or service mark from reflecting the mark in a corresponding domain name, provided that the respondent has engaged in a pattern of such conduct; or
(iii) the respondent has registered the domain name primarily for the purpose of disrupting the business of a competitor; or
(iv) by using the domain name, the respondent has intentionally attempted to attract, for commercial gain, Internet users to its website or other online location, by creating a likelihood of confusion with the complainant’s mark as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation, or endorsement of its website or location or of a product or service on its website or location.
When the disputed domain name was registered by the Respondent in 2023, the trademark BASF was already well known worldwide and directly connected to the Complainant’s chemical products.
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According to the WIPO Overview 3.0, section 3.1.4, UDRP panels have consistently found that the mere registration of a domain name that is identical or confusingly similar (particularly domain names incorporating the mark plus a descriptive term) to a widely known trademark by an unaffiliated entity can by itself create a presumption of bad faith.
The Panel finds that BASF is a coined term, with no dictionary meaning, and the adoption of the additional term “corporation” together with the gTLD extension “.com” could not be a mere coincidence. In this Panel’s opinion, the addition of the term “corporation” even enhances the risk of confusion in the present case, suggesting that the disputed domain name refers to the official enterprise website of the Complainant. Therefore, the Panel concludes that it would not be feasible to consider that the Respondent – at the time of the registration of the disputed domain name – could not have been aware of the Complainant’s famous trademark.
From the available record and the Panel’s search, the disputed domain name does not resolve to any active website. However, UDRP panels have frequently found that the apparent lack of so-called active use of the domain name (passive holding) does not prevent a finding of bad faith. See WIPO Overview 3.0, section
3.3; Telstra Corporation Limited v. Nuclear Marshmallows, WIPO Case No. D2000-0003; and Polaroid
Corporation v. Jay Strommen, WIPO Case No. D2005-1005.
The non-collaborative posture of the Respondent, i.e., (a) not presently using the disputed domain name, (b) not indicating any intention to use it, and (c) not at least providing justifications for the use of a famous third party trademark, certainly cannot be used in benefit of the Respondent in this Panel’s opinion, together with (d) the lack of any plausible justification for the adoption of the term “basfcorporation” by the Respondent, and (e) the implausibility of any good faith use that the disputed domain name may be put, are enough in this Panel’s view to characterize bad faith registration and use of the disputed domain name in the present case.
Accordingly, the Panel finds that the disputed domain name was registered and is being used in bad faith, and the Complainant has also satisfied the third element of the Policy.
7. Decision
For the foregoing reasons, in accordance with paragraphs 4(i) of the Policy and 15 of the Rules, the Panel orders that the disputed domain name <basfcorporation.com> be transferred to the Complainant.
/Rodrigo Azevedo/
Rodrigo Azevedo
Sole Panelist
Date: October 18, 2023
“[n]oting in particular the general powers of a panel articulated inter alia in paragraphs 10 and 12 of the UDRP Rules, it has been
accepted that a panel may undertake limited factual research into matters of public record if it would consider such information useful to
assessing the case merits and reaching a decision. This may include visiting the website linked to the disputed domain name in order to
obtain more information about the respondent or its use of the domain name […]”.
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