REPATRIATION MEDICAL AUTHORITY

INSTRUMENT NO. 65 of 2008

VETERANS’ ENTITLEMENTS ACT 1986

MILITARY REHABILITATION AND COMPENSATION ACT 2004

EXPLANATORY NOTES FOR TABLING

1. The Repatriation Medical Authority (the Authority), under subsection 196B(8) of the Veterans’ Entitlements Act 1986 (the VEA) revokes Instrument No. 138 of 1995, determined under subsection 196B(3) of the VEA concerning ancylostomiasis and death from ancylostomiasis.

2.             The Authority is of the view that on the sound medical-scientific evidence available it is more probable than not that hookworm disease and death from hookworm disease can be related to particular kinds of service.  The Authority has therefore determined pursuant to subsection 196B(3) of the VEA a Statement of Principles, Instrument No. 65 of 2008 concerning hookworm disease.  This Instrument will in effect replace the revoked Statement of Principles.

3.             The provisions of the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 (the MRCA) relating to claims for compensation commenced on 1 July 2004.  Claims under section 319 of the MRCA for acceptance of liability for a service injury sustained, a service disease contracted or service death on or after 1 July 2004 are determined by the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Commission by reference to Statements of Principles issued by the Authority pursuant to the VEA.

4.             The Statement of Principles sets out the factors that must exist, and which of those factors must be related to the following kinds of service rendered by a person:

 eligible war service (other than operational service) under the VEA;

 defence service (other than hazardous service) under the VEA;

 peacetime service under the MRCA,

before it can be said that, on the balance of probabilities, hookworm disease or death from hookworm disease is connected with the circumstances of that service.

5.             This new instrument results from an investigation notified by the Authority in the Government Notices Gazette of 2 May 2007 concerning ancylostomiasis in accordance with section 196G of the VEA.  The investigation involved an examination of the sound medical-scientific evidence now available to the Authority, including the sound medical-scientific evidence it has previously considered.

6.             The contents of the new Instrument are in similar terms as the revoked Instrument.  Comparing the new and the revoked Instruments, the differences include:

• adopting the latest revised Instrument format, which commenced in 2005;
• deleting the ICD code from the Instrument header;
• changing the name of the Instrument from 'ancylostomiasis' to 'hookworm disease';
• deleting the definition of 'ancylostomiasis' and replacing it with the definition of 'hookworm disease' in clause 3;
• inserting new factor 6(a) concerning 'having cutaneous or mucosal contact with Ancylostoma duodenale hookworm larvae';
• inserting new factor 6(b) concerning 'having cutaneous or mucosal contact with Necator americanus hookworm larvae';
• revising the existing factor (a) and replacing it with 6(c) concerning 'being in an area endemic for Ancylostoma duodenale hookworm' and 6(d) concerning 'being in an area endemic for Necator americanus hookworm'
• inserting new definitions of "an area endemic for Ancylostoma duodenale hookworm", "an area endemic for Necator americanus hookworm", "death from hookworm disease", "ICD-10-AM code", "relevant service", and "terminal event" in clause 9;
• deleting definition of "ICD code";
• deleting the "Schedule"; and
• specifying a date of effect for the Instrument in clause 11.

7.             Further changes to the format of the Instrument reflect the commencement of the MRCA and clarify that pursuant to subsection 196B(3A) of the VEA, the Statement of Principles has been determined for the purposes of both the VEA and the MRCA.

8.             Prior to determining this instrument, the Authority advertised its intention to undertake an investigation in relation to ancylostomiasis in the Government Notices Gazette of 2 May 2007, and circulated a copy of the notice of intention to investigate to a wide range of organisations representing veterans, service personnel and their dependants.  The Authority invited submissions from the Repatriation Commission, organisations and persons referred to in section 196E of the VEA, and any person having expertise in the field.  No submissions were received for consideration by the Authority during the investigation.

9.             The determining of this new instrument finalises the investigation in relation to ancylostomiasis as advertised in the Government Notices Gazette of 2 May 2007.

10.         A list of references relating to the above condition is available, on written request, from the Repatriation Medical Authority Secretariat.