Navigation (Life-saving Appliances) Regulations - Legislation

STATUTORY RULES

1968 No. 34

REGULATIONS UNDER THE NAVIGATION ACT 1912-1967.*

I, THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL in and over the Commonwealth of Australia, acting with the advice of the Federal Executive Council, hereby make the following Regulations under the Navigation Act 1912-1967.

Dated this twentieth day of March, 1968.

CASEY

Governor-General.

By His Excellency’s Command,

(Sgd.) Ian Sinclair

Minister of State for Shipping and Transport.

NAVIGATION (LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES) REGULATIONS

Part I.—Preliminary.

Citation.

1. These Regulations may be cited as the Navigation (Life-saving Appliances) Regulations.

Parts.

2. These Regulations are divided into Parts, as follows:—

Part I.—Preliminary (Regulations 1-6).

Part II.—Ships other than River Murray Ships and Small Pearling Vessels.

Division 1.—General (Regulation 7).

Division 2.—Lifeboats and Liferafts and Launching Gear (Regulations 8-40).

Division 3.—Buoyant Apparatus (Regulations 41-45).

Division 4.—Lifebuoys and Lifejackets (Regulations 46-56).

Division 5.—Line-throwing Appliances and Signals of Distress (Regulations 57-59).

Division 6.—Other Appliances and Requirements (Regulations 60-71).

Part III.—River Murray Ships (Regulations 72-74).

Part IV.—Small Pearling Vessels (Regulations 75-77).

Part V.—Miscellaneous (Regulations 78-81).

Repeal.

3. The Navigation (Life-saving Appliances) Regulations (being Statutory Rules 1959, Nos. 52 and 69 and 1964, No. 7) are repealed.

* Notified in the Commonwealth Gazette on 1968.

10990/65—Price 40c

Application to existing ships.

4.—(1.) In this regulation—

“certificate”, in relation to a ship, means a certificate of survey, a certificate of equipment or a safety equipment certificate in respect of the ship;

“ship” means a ship to which these Regulations apply being a ship in respect of which a certificate issued before the commencement of these Regulations is in force on the date of that commencement;

“the repealed Regulations” means the Regulations repealed by the last preceding regulation.

(2.) Subject to this regulation, where a ship is, on and after the date of commencement of these Regulations, furnished with life-saving appliances in accordance with the provisions of the repealed Regulations, the ship shall, until the day on which its certificate expires, be deemed to comply with the provisions of these Regulations.

(3.) Where, on the day on which its certificate expires, a ship is furnished with life-saving appliances in accordance with the provisions of the repealed Regulations, the ship shall, for the period of one year commencing on that day, be deemed to comply with regulations 68, 69, 70 and 71 of these Regulations.

(4.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, where a ship is, during the period that commences on the date of commencement of these Regulations and ends on the day two years after the day on which its certificate expires, furnished with life-saving appliances in accordance with regulations 40, 41 and 42 of the repealed Regulations, the ship shall be deemed to comply with regulations 54, 55 and 56 of these Regulations.

(5.) The last preceding sub-regulation ceases to apply in relation to a ship if, during the period referred to in that sub-regulation, the ship is furnished with life-saving appliances in accordance with regulations 54, 55 and 56 of these Regulations.

Interpretation.

5.—(1.) In these Regulations, unless the contrary intention appears—

“approved”, in relation to a person or a thing, means a person or a thing approved by the Minister for the purposes of the provision in which the expression occurs;

“buoyant apparatus” means equipment (other than lifeboats, boats, liferafts, lifebuoys and lifejackets) designed to support persons in water;

“Class I. ship” means a passenger ship, other than a Class III. ship;

“Class II. ship” means a cargo ship, other than a Class III. ship or a Class IV. ship;

“Class III. ship” means a ship engaged in trading only on the River Murray and its tributaries;

“Class IV. ship” means a pearling vessel of less than 50 tons gross registered tonnage;

“inflatable liferaft” means a liferaft which complies with the requirements specified in Part I. of the Sixth Schedule;

“launching device” means a device capable of launching from the embarkation position a liferaft fully loaded with the number of persons it is permitted to carry and the equipment that the liferaft is by these Regulations required to carry;

“length”, in relation to a ship, means the registered length of the ship;

“liferaft” includes a rigid liferaft and an inflatable liferatf;

“mechanically propelled lifeboat” means a lifeboat which complies with the requirements specified in Part II. of the first Schedule;

“motor lifeboat” means a lifeboat which complies with the requirements specified in Part I. of the First Schedule;

“Regional Controller” means a person for the time being performing the duties of an office of Regional Controller, Department of Shipping and Transport;

“rigid liferaft” means a liferaft which complies with the requirements specified in Part II. of the Sixth Schedule;

“tanker” means a cargo ship constructed or adapted for the carriage in bulk of fluid cargoes of an inflammable nature;

“the Act” means the Navigation Act 1912-1967;

“the British Pharmaceutical Codex” means the British Pharmaceutical Codex as defined by sub-section (1.) of section 5 of the Therapeutic Goods Act 1967;

“the British Pharmacopoeia” means the British Pharmacopoeia as defined by sub-section (1.) of section 5 of the Therapeutic Goods Act 1967.

(2.) Where a word or phrase used in these Regulations is defined in section 187a of the Act, that word or phrase as so used has, unless the contrary intention appears, the meaning given to it in that section.

(3.) In these Regulations, a reference to a Schedule by number shall be read as a reference to the Schedule to these Regulations so numbered.

(4.) In these Regulations, a reference to the number of persons that a ship is certified to carry is a reference to the number of passengers and crew that the ship is fit to carry as specified in the certificate of the ship.

(5.) In the last preceding sub-regulation, “certificate”, in relation to a ship, means the certificate in respect of the ship that specifies the number of passengers and crew that the ship is fit to carry.

Application.

6.—(1.) Subject to this regulation, these Regulations apply to all ships to which Part IV. of the Act applies.

(2.) These Regulations apply to a Safety Convention ship registered in a country other than Australia that is engaged in the coasting trade.

(3.) Subject to the last preceding sub-regulation, these Regulations do not apply to a Safety Convention ship registered in a country other than Australia—

(a) in respect of which there is in force a valid Safety Convention certificate that, in the case of a passenger ship, corresponds with a passenger ship safety certificate or, in the case of a cargo ship, corresponds with a cargo ship safety equipment certificate; and

(b) which complies with the requirements of Chapter III. of the Safety Convention.

(4.) These Regulations do not apply to a ship which is registered in a country other than Australia and is not a Safety Convention ship unless—

(a) it is engaged in the coasting trade; or

(b) it is at a port in Australia.

Part II.—Ships other than River Murray Ships and Small Pearling Vessels.

Division 1.—General.

References to ship.

7. In this Part, unless the contrary intention appears, a reference to a ship shall be read as a reference to a Class I. ship and a Class II. ship.

Division 2.—Lifeboats and Liferafts and Launching Gear.

Number of lifeboats to be carried on Class I. ships.

8. A Class I. ship shall be furnished on each side of the ship—

(a) with a lifeboat or lifeboats having an aggregate carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate half the number of persons that the ship is certified to carry; or

(b) with—

(i) a number of lifeboats having a carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate not less than thirty-seven and one-half per centum of the total number of persons that the ship is certified to carry; and

(ii) a number of liferafts having a carrying capacity which together with the carrying capacity of the lifeboats referred to in the last preceding sub-paragraph is sufficient to accommodate half the total number of persons that the ship is certified to carry.

Life boats—Class II. ships.

9.—(1.) Subject to this and the next succeeding regulation, a Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 500 tons shall be furnished on each side of the ship with a lifeboat or lifeboats having an aggregate carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate the number of persons that the ship is certified to carry.

(2.) Subject to this regulation, a Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of less than 500 tons shall—

(a) be furnished on each side of the ship with a lifeboat or lifeboats having an aggregate carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate the number of persons that the ship is certified to carry; or

(b) be furnished with one lifeboat with a carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate the number of persons that the ship is certified to carry.

(3.) Where a Class II. ship is furnished with one lifeboat in accordance with the last preceding sub-regulation, that lifeboat shall be carried in such a manner that it is able to be placed in the water on either side of the ship.

(4.) A Class II. ship that is less than one hundred and twenty feet in length and is propelled by mechanical means—

(a) shall be furnished with a lifeboat or lifeboats in accordance with the preceding provisions of this regulation; or

(b) shall be furnished with—

(i) a liferaft or liferafts having an aggregate carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate twice the number of persons that the ship is certified to carry; and

(ii) portable radiotelegraphy equipment in accordance with regulation 61 of these Regulations that is suitable for use in a liferaft.

Lifeboats—tankers.

10.—(1.) Subject to this regulation, a tanker which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 3,000 tons shall be furnished with four lifeboats, two of which shall be carried amidships and two aft.

(2.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, where the ship referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation has no superstructure amidships, all the lifeboats shall be carried aft.

(3.) Where the Minister is satisfied that it is impracticable to carry four lifeboats aft, the Minister may, by instrument in writing, permit the ship to be furnished with one lifeboat on each side of the ship aft.

(4.) The lifeboats provided in accordance with the last preceding sub-regulation shall—

(a) not exceed twenty-six feet in length; and

(b) be stowed in such a manner that—

(i) the stern of the lifeboats are distant forward from the nearest part of any propeller by a distance being not less than one and one-half lengths of the lifeboat having the longer length; and

(ii) the lifeboats are as near to the level of the sea as is safe and practicable.

Emergency boats.

11.—(1.) A Class I. ship shall carry on each side of the ship an emergency boat, not exceeding twenty-eight feet in length, of an approved design.

(2.) An emergency boat shall be attached to davits and shall be kept ready for immediate use in an emergency.

(3.) An emergency boat is not required to be provided with skates or other apparatus to facilitate launching.

(4.) Where an emergency boat complies with the provisions of these Regulations in relation to lifeboats, the boat may be counted for the purpose of regulation 8 of these Regulations.

(5.) Where an emergency boat complies with the provisions of these Regulations in relation to motor lifeboats, the boat may be counted for the purpose of the next succeeding regulation.

Motor lifeboats.

12.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, a Class I. ship shall carry on each side of the ship at least one motor lifeboat.

(2.) Where the total number of persons, including crew, that a Class I. ship is certified to carry does not exceed thirty persons, one motor lifeboat shall be carried.

(3.) A Class II. ship, other than a tanker, which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 1,600 tons shall carry one motor lifeboat.

(4.) A Class II. ship that is a tanker which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 1,600 tons shall be furnished on each side of the ship with a motor lifeboat.

(5.) The Minister may grant in respect of a limited coast trade ship an exemption from carrying a motor lifeboat or motor lifeboats as required by this regulation.

Length of lifeboat.

13.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, a lifeboat shall be not less than twenty-four feet in length.

(2.) The Minister may, if satisfied that it is unreasonable or impracticable to require that a lifeboat be not less than twenty-four feet in length, permit a lifeboat having a length less than twenty-four feet to be carried but the length of the lifeboat shall not be less than sixteen feet.

Construction of lifeboats.

14.—(1.) The lifeboats provided in a ship shall comply with the provisions of Part I. of the Second Schedule.

(2.) The weight of a lifeboat when loaded with the number of persons included in the carrying capacity of the lifeboat as ascertained under the next succeeding regulation and its equipment shall not exceed 20 tons.

(3.) For the purposes of the last preceding sub-regulation, a person shall be deemed to weigh one hundred and sixty-five pounds.

Carrying capacity of lifeboats.

15.—(1.) For the purposes of this regulation, the prescribed number in relation to a lifeboat is the number, disregarding fractions, obtained by dividing the number of cubic feet in the lifeboat or, where the lifeboat is in full form or has fine ends, the number of cubic feet in the lifeboat if the effect of the full form or fine ends were omitted from the calculation of the number of cubic feet in the lifeboat—

(a) in respect of a lifeboat the length of which is twenty-four feet or more—by ten;

(b) in respect of a lifeboat the length of which is sixteen feet—by fourteen; and

(c) in respect of a lifeboat the length of which is between sixteen feet and twenty-four feet—by a number between ten and fourteen (inclusive) to be obtained by interpolation.

(2.) Subject to this regulation, the carrying capacity of a lifeboat is—

(a) the prescribed number for that lifeboat; or

(b) the number of adult persons that can be seated in the lifeboat in such a manner that the persons and their lifejackets do not interfere with the use of the oars or other propelling equipment,

whichever is the less.

(3.) Where the prescribed number for a motor lifeboat exceeds one hundred and fifty, the carrying capacity of that lifeboat is one hundred and fifty.

(4.) Where the prescribed number for a mechanically-propelled lifeboat exceeds one hundred, the carrying capacity of that lifeboat is one hundred.

(5.) Where the prescribed number for a lifeboat other than a motor lifeboat or a mechanically-propelled lifeboat exceeds sixty, the carrying capacity of that lifeboat is sixty.

(6.) For the purposes of this regulation, the capacity of a lifeboat in cubic feet shall be calculated in accordance with Part II. of the Second Schedule.

Lifeboat equipment.

16.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, a lifeboat provided in a ship shall be equipped as prescribed in the Third Schedule.

(2.) Where the Minister certifies that, having regard to the duration of a voyage of a ship, it is unnecessary for the articles of equipment specified in paragraphs (j), (r), (s), (w) or (z) of item 1 of Part I. of the

Third Schedule, the lifeboat rations specified in Part II. of the Third Schedule or a radar reflector specified in paragraph (u) of Part III. of the Sixth Schedule to be carried in the lifeboats on that ship, there is no requirement for the lifeboats in the ship to be equipped with those articles or rations.

(3.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, all items of equipment of a lifeboat that are not kept in lockers shall be lightly lashed within the lifeboat to ensure the security of the equipment but the lashing shall not interfere with the lifting hooks or prevent ready loading of, or impede ready entry into, the lifeboat.

(4.) The boat hooks of a lifeboat shall be kept free for fending off purposes.

(5.) In the case of a ship which is registered in Australia, such movable articles of the equipment of the lifeboat provided in the ship as may become flotsam shall be indelibly marked with the ship’s name or signal letters.

Numbering of lifeboats.

17.—(1.) Lifeboats attached to davits in a ship shall be identified by being numbered consecutively commencing from the forward lifeboats, each number being prefixed by the letter “P” for lifeboats on the port side, and the letter “S” for lifeboats on the starboard side.

(2.) The identifying number and letters of a lifeboat under this regulation shall be painted so as to be conspicuous on the bluff of each bow and on the inboard quarter of the lifeboat as stowed.

Marking of lifeboats.

18.—(1.) The dimensions of a lifeboat, its cubic capacity and its carrying capacity shall be clearly and permanently marked on the lifeboat.

(2.) The name and port of registration of the ship shall be clearly painted on each side of the bows of each lifeboat provided in the ship.

Stowage of lifeboats on Class I. ships.

19.—(1.) In this regulation, a reference to a ship is a reference to a Class I. ship.

(2.) The lifeboats provided in a ship shall be carried in such a manner as, in the opinion of a surveyor—

(a) will allow the lifeboats with a full complement of persons and equipment to be put into the water safely in not more than thirty minutes, even when the trim of the ship is ten degrees and the ship is listed fifteen degrees either way; and

(b) will not impede in any way—

(i) the rapid handling of another lifeboat, boat, liferaft or buoyant apparatus; or

(ii) the marshalling of passengers on board to their muster stations and their embarkation into the lifeboats.

(3.) A lifeboat shall not be carried—

(a) in the bow of a ship;

(b) near the propeller of a ship; or

(4.) Each lifeboat provided in a ship shall be attached to a separate set of davits.

(5.) Lifeboats shall not be carried on more than one deck of a ship unless adequate measures are taken to prevent the lifeboats on a lower deck being fouled by those carried on a deck above.

Stowage of lifeboats on Class II. ships.

20.—(1.) In this regulation, a reference to a ship is a reference to a Class II. ship.

(2.) Subject to regulation 10 of these Regulations and to this regulation, a lifeboat provided in a ship shall be carried in such a manner as, in the opinion of a surveyor—

(b) will not impede in any way the rapid handling of another lifeboat, boat, liferaft or buoyant apparatus.

(3.) A lifeboat shall not be carried—

(a) in the bow of a ship;

(b) near the propeller of a ship; or

(4.) A lifeboat provided in a ship shall be stowed so that, so far as it is practicable, the lifeboat is capable of being launched down the straight side of the ship.

(5.) Each lifeboat provided in a ship shall be attached to a separate set of davits.

Winches and falls.

21.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, a lifeboat provided in a Class I. ship and a Class II. ship shall be served by wire-rope falls and winches of an approved design.

(2.) Where the Minister is satisfied that manilla-rope falls or falls of other material, having regard to the height of the lifeboat above the water when the ship is at her lightest sea-going draft or such other circumstances as he thinks fit, are adequate, he may permit manilla-rope falls or falls of other material, with or without winches, to be fitted.

(3.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, an emergency boat provided in a Class I. ship shall be served by—

(a) wire-rope falls; and

(b) winches of an approved design, capable of recovering the boat quickly.

(4.) Where the Minister is satisfied that manilla-rope falls or falls of other material, having regard to the height of the emergency boat above the water when the ship is at her lightest sea-going draft or such other circumstances as he thinks fit, are adequate, he may permit manilla-rope falls or falls of other material to be fitted.

(5.) The falls serving a lifeboat or emergency boat shall be long enough to reach the water when the ship is at her lightest sea-going draft and listed to fifteen degrees either way.

(6.) Lower-fall blocks of falls serving a lifeboat shall be fitted with a suitable ring or long link for attaching to the lifting hooks of a lifeboat or emergency boat unless the disengaging gear prescribed by the Fourth Schedule is fitted.

(7.) Where the disengaging gear prescribed by the Fourth Schedule is not fitted to lifeboats and emergency boats, means shall be provided for speedily detaching the falls from those boats.

Lifelines.

22. In a ship, two lifelines which are long enough to reach the water when the ship is at her lightest sea-going draft and listed to fifteen degrees either way shall be fitted to the davit span of each lifeboat.

Attachment of falls.

23. Where, in a ship, a lifeboat is attached to a set of davits, the falls shall be attached to the lifeboat ready for service and the points of attachment of the falls to the lifeboat shall be so situated, at a height above the gunwales, as to ensure stability when lowering the lifeboat.

Launching against adverse list.

24. Each lifeboat, other than an emergency lifeboat, shall be furnished with a set of skates or other apparatus to facilitate launching the lifeboats against a list of fifteen degrees either way.

Apparatus to keep lifeboats alongside ship.

25. A ship shall be furnished with means for bringing and holding lifeboats against the ship’s side whilst persons are being embarked.

Types of davits.

26.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, in a ship that is—

(a) a Class I. ship; or

(b) a Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 500 tons,

the davits shall be—

(c) if the weight of the lifeboats is not more than two and one-quarter tons when fully equipped and manned for launching—of a luffing type or the gravity type; or

(d) if the weight of the lifeboats is more than two and one-quarter tons when fully equipped and manned for launching—of the gravity type.

(2.) In a Class II. ship, being a tanker, which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 1,600 tons, the davits provided in the ship shall be of the gravity type.

(3.) In a Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of less than 500 tons, the davits shall be of the luffing type or the gravity type.

Placing of davits.

27. Subject to regulations 10, 19 and 20 of these Regulations, the davits for the lifeboats with which a ship is provided shall be placed in such a manner as the Minister directs.

Construction of davits and launching gear.

28. The davits with which a ship is fitted and the lifeboat launching gear shall be constructed in accordance with—

(a) the requirements prescribed by the Fifth Schedule; and

(b) such other requirements as are specified in writing by the Minister.

Number of liferafts to be carried on Class I. ships.

29.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, a Class I. ship shall be furnished with a liferaft or liferafts having an aggregate carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate twenty-five per centum of the total number of persons that the ship is certified to carry.

(2.) Where a Class I. ship has a sub-division factor of 0.33 or less, the Minister may, by instrument in writing, authorize buoyant apparatus having an aggregate carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate twenty-five per centum of the total number of persons that the ship is certified to carry to be substituted for both the liferaft or liferafts specified under the last preceding sub-regulation and the buoyant apparatus specified in regulation 41 of these Regulations.

(3.) The carrying capacity of liferafts provided in a ship under the provisions of sub-paragraph (ii) of paragraph (b) of regulation 8 of these Regulations shall be additional to the carrying capacity prescribed by this regulation.

Number of liferafts to be carried on Class II. ships.

30.—(1.) A Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 1,000 tons shall be furnished with a liferaft or liferafts having an

aggregate carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate one-half of the total number of persons that the ship is certified to carry.

(2.) A Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 500 tons but less than 1,000 tons shall be furnished with a liferaft or liferafts having an aggregate carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate seventy-five per centum of the total number of persons that the ship is certified to carry.

(3.) A Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of less than 500 tons shall be furnished with a liferaft or liferafts having an aggregate carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate the total number of persons that the ship is certified to carry.

(4.) The last preceding sub-regulation does not apply to a Class II. ship of less than one hundred and twenty feet in length if the ship is furnished with a liferaft or liferafts and equipment in accordance with paragraph (b) of sub-regulation (4.) of regulation 9 of these Regulations.

Carrying capacity of rigid liferafts.

31.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, the carrying capacity of a rigid liferaft provided in a ship is a number of persons that is equal to the number, disregarding fractions, obtained by dividing by four the area in square feet of the deck of the liferaft.

(2.) For the purposes of calculating in square feet the area of a deck of a rigid liferaft, the area of a liferaft not complying with the provisions of paragraph (b) of Part II. of the Sixth Schedule shall be disregarded.

Marking of rigid liferafts.

32.—(1.) The name and port of registration of the ship to which a rigid liferaft belongs shall be clearly marked on it.

(2.) The carrying capacity of a rigid liferaft shall be clearly and permanently marked on it.

Stowage of liferafts on Class I. ships.

33.—(1.) Subject to this regulation, liferafts provided in a Class I. ship shall be stowed in such a manner as, in the opinion of a surveyor—

(a) will allow the liferafts to be put into the water safely and in not more than thirty minutes, even when the trim of the ship is ten degrees and the ship is listed fifteen degrees either way and, where approved launching devices are provided, with a full complement of persons;

(b) will enable the liferafts that are not attached to launching devices to float free in the event of the ship sinking; and

(i) the rapid handling of another liferaft, lifeboat, boat, or buoyant apparatus; and

(ii) the marshalling of passengers on board to their muster stations and embarkation into the liferafts.

(2.) Liferafts that are to be launched from approved launching devices shall not be carried in a Class I. ship—

(a) in the bow of the ship;

(b) near the propeller of the ship; or

(3.) A liferaft provided in a Class I. ship shall be stowed so that, as far as it is practicable, the liferaft is capable of being launched down the straight side of the ship.

Stowage of liferafts—Class II. ships.

34.—(1.) Subject to this regulation, liferafts provided in a Class II. ship shall be carried in such a manner as, in the opinion of a surveyor—

(a) will allow the liferafts to be put into the water safely and in not more than thirty minutes, even when the trim of the ship is

ten degrees and the ship is listed fifteen degrees either way and, where approved launching devices are provided, with a full complement of persons;

(b) will enable the liferafts that are not attached to launching devices to float free in the event of the ship sinking; and

(2.) Liferafts that are to be launched from approved launching devices shall not be carried in a Class II. ship—

(a) in the bow of the ship;

(b) near the propeller of the ship; or

(3.) A liferaft provided in a Class II. ship shall be stowed so that, as far as it is practicable, the liferaft is capable of being launched down the straight side of the ship.

Number of persons to be carried on inflatable liferafts.

35.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, the carrying capacity of an inflatable liferaft provided in a ship is a number of persons that is equal to—

(a) the number, disregarding fractions, obtained by dividing by three and two-fifths the volume in cubic feet of the main buoyancy tubes (other than buoyancy tubes which form arches and thwarts) when the liferaft is inflated; or

(b) the number, disregarding fractions, obtained by dividing by four the area in square feet of the floor of the liferaft (including any thwarts, if fitted) when the liferaft is inflated,

whichever is the less.

(2.) Where the smaller of the numbers ascertained in accordance with paragraph (a) or (b) of the last preceding sub-regulation for an inflatable liferaft exceeds twenty-five, the carrying capacity of that liferaft is twenty-five persons.

(3.) An inflatable liferaft provided in a ship shall have a carrying capacity of not less than six persons.

Marking of inflatable liferafts.

36.—(1.) The carrying capacity of an inflatable liferaft shall be clearly and permanently marked on the liferaft and on the valise or other container in which the liferaft is contained.

(2.) Each inflatable liferaft shall be marked with a serial number and the manufacturer’s name.

Inflatable liferafts to be inspected.

37. The survey of an inflatable liferaft shall be carried out—

(a) at the place at which it was manufactured; or

(b) at an approved place.

Equipment of liferafts.

38. A liferaft shall be equipped and provided with rations as prescribed by Part III. of the Sixth Schedule.

Stowage of equipment on a liferaft.

39. Equipment of a rigid liferaft shall be so stowed as to be readily available whichever way up the liferaft is floating.

Approved launching devices.

40.—(1.) Where liferafts are carried in a Class I. ship in accordance with paragraph (b) of regulation 8 of these Regulations, the ship shall be furnished with approved launching devices sufficient in number to enable all the liferafts carried in the ship to be launched into the water in not more than thirty minutes in calm conditions with the number of persons that they are permitted to carry under these Regulations and with their equipment.

(2.) If, in the opinion of a person authorized for the purposes of this regulation by the Minister, the number of approved launching devices with which a ship is furnished in pursuance of the last preceding sub-regulation is not sufficient to enable that sub-regulation to be complied with, the authorized person may require the ship to be furnished with such additional number of launching devices as he considers necessary.

(3.) Launching devices furnished under sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation shall be distributed on the ship in relation to the liferafts with not less than one launching device on each side of the ship.

Division 3.—Buoyant Apparatus.

Buoyant apparatus to be carried in Class I. ships.

41. A Class I. ship shall be furnished with buoyant apparatus having an aggregate carrying capacity sufficient to accommodate three per centum of the total number of persons that the ship is certified to carry.

Number of persons to be carried by buoyant apparatus.

42. The carrying capacity of a buoyant apparatus provided in a ship is a number of persons—

(a) that is equal to the number ascertained by dividing by thirty-two the number of pounds weight of the iron that the apparatus is capable of supporting from its grablines in fresh water; or

(b) the number of persons equal to the number of feet in the perimeter of the apparatus,

whichever is the less.

Construction of buoyant apparatus.

43. Buoyant apparatus provided in a ship shall comply with the requirements prescribed by the Seventh Schedule.

Marking of buoyant apparatus.

44. Buoyant apparatus provided in a ship shall have clearly and permanently marked on it its carrying capacity, the ship’s name and port of registration.

Stowage of buoyant apparatus.

45.—(1.) Buoyant apparatus shall be carried in such a manner as in the opinion of a surveyor will allow the buoyant apparatus to be put into the water even when the trim of the ship is ten degrees and the ship is listed fifteen degrees either way.

(2.) Buoyant apparatus shall be stowed near the lifeboats or liferafts provided in the ship but shall be stowed in such a way that the rapid handling of any lifeboat, liferaft, boat or other buoyant apparatus is not impeded.

Division 4.—Lifebuoys and Lifejackets.

Lifebuoys to be carried.

46.—(1.) A Class I. ship shall be furnished with not less than the number of lifebuoys specified in relation to the length of the ship in the following table:—

Length of Ship	Minimum Number of Lifebuoys
Under 200 feet ...............................................	8
Under 400 feet but not under 200 feet ................................	12
Under 600 feet but not under 400 feet ................................	18
Under 800 feet but not under 600 feet ................................	24
Not under 800 feet ............................................	30

(2.) A Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 500 tons shall be furnished with not less than eight lifebuoys.

(3.) A Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of less than 500 tons shall be furnished with not less than the number of lifebuoys specified in relation to the length of the ship in the following table:—

Length of Ship	Minimum Number of Lifebuoys
Under 150 feet ...............................................	4
Under 200 feet but not under 150 feet ................................	6
Not under 200 feet ............................................	8

Construction of lifebuoys.

47. A lifebuoy provided in a ship shall comply with the requirements prescribed by the Eighth Schedule.

Marking of lifebuoys.

48. A lifebuoy shall be marked in block letters with the name and port of registration of the ship in which the lifebuoy is carried.

Lifebuoy life-lines.

49. At least one lifebuoy on each side of a ship shall be fitted with a buoyant life-line not less than fifteen fathoms in length.

Number of lifebuoy lights to be carried.

50.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, self-igniting lights shall be provided for not less than half the number of lifebuoys that are required, by virtue of regulation 46 of these Regulations, to be furnished in a ship.

(2.) In a Class I. ship, the number of self-igniting lights provided for the lifebuoys shall not be less than six.

(3.) The self-igniting light provided for a lifebuoy shall be attached to the lifebuoy to which the light belongs.

Construction of lifebuoy self-igniting lights.

51. A self-igniting light provided in a ship—

(a) shall be so constructed that it is not extinguishable by water;

(b) shall be capable of burning for not less than forty-five minutes;

(d) where the ship is a tanker, shall be of an approved electric battery type.

Stowage of lifebuoys.

52. Subject to the next succeeding regulation, a lifebuoy provided in a ship shall be stowed—

(a) in such a manner that it is not permanently secured in any way;

(b) so as to be readily accessible to all persons on board; and

Smoke signals.

53.—(1.) Two of the lifebuoys to which self-igniting lights are attached in accordance with regulation 50 of these Regulations shall be provided with smoke signal apparatus that is self-activating on immersion in water and capable of giving a highly visible smoke signal for a period of not less than fifteen minutes.

(2.) The lifebuoys referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation shall be so stowed as to be capable of quick release from the navigation bridge.

Lifejackets.

54.—(1.) A ship shall be furnished with not less than one lifejacket for each person that the ship is certified to carry.

(2.) In addition to the lifejackets referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation, a ship shall be furnished with a lifejacket suitable for each person aboard the ship who weighs less than seventy pounds.

(3.) The lifejackets shall be stowed so as to be readily accessible and in such positions in the ship as a surveyor deems suitable for the purpose.

(4.) Positions in a ship where the lifejackets are stowed shall be clearly and permanently indicated as the positions in which lifejackets are stowed.

(5.) In addition to the number of lifejackets prescribed by sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation, a number of lifejackets equal to five per centum of the number required to be furnished under sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation and five per centum of the number required to be furnished under sub-regulation (2.) of this regulation, shall be furnished in a Class I. ship and shall be stowed in a conspicuous place on deck.

Construction of lifejackets.

55.—(1.) Subject to this regulation, each lifejacket furnished in a ship shall be of an approved type.

(2.) A lifejacket shall not be approved unless—

(a) it is constructed with proper materials and in a workman-like manner;

(b) it is so constructed that, as far as possible, all risks of it being put on incorrectly, other than inside out, have been eliminated;

(c) it is so constructed that the wearer is able to jump into the water from a height of twenty feet without injury to himself and without dislodging the lifejacket;

(d) it has a distribution of buoyancy so that—

(i) it will support the head of an unconscious person of the weight that the lifejacket is designed to support twelve centimetres above the water with the body inclined backwards from its vertical position; and

(ii) it is capable of turning the body of such a person on entering still water to a safe floating position within five seconds with the body inclined backwards from its vertical position;

(e) it is not adversely affected by oil or oil products;

(f) it is covered with a material having, or impregnated with, a colour that is clearly visible if the lifejacket is in the sea; and

(g) it has a whistle of an approved type firmly attached to it.

(3.) A lifejacket furnished in a ship other than a Class I. ship or a tanker and intended for use by a member of the crew—

(a) may be so constructed that it depends for its buoyancy upon not less than two separate air compartments that are capable of being inflated either mechanically or by mouth;

(b) shall comply with paragraphs (a) to (g) (inclusive) of the last preceding sub-regulation, even if one air compartment is not inflated; and

(4.) A lifejacket furnished in a ship that is suitable for use by a person who weighs seventy pounds or more shall be marked indelibly on both sides with the words “FOR PERSON OF 70LBS OR MORE” in letters not less than one inch in size.

(5.) A lifejacket furnished in a ship that is suitable for use by a person who weighs less than seventy pounds shall be marked indelibly on both sides with the words “FOR PERSON OF UNDER 70LBS” in letters not less than one inch in size.

(6.) A lifejacket furnished in a ship shall be marked indelibly on one side in letters not less than one inch in size with the name of the maker of the lifejacket or with some other approved marking that identifies the maker of the lifejacket.

Lifejacket lights.

56.—(1.) A lifejacket furnished in a ship and intended for use by a member of the crew of a ship shall be fitted with a light.

(2.) A light referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation shall—

(a) be of an approved type;

(b) be electrically operated;

(d) be fitted with a clip and lanyard for attachment to the lifejacket.

Division 5.—Line-throwing Appliances and Signals of Distress.

Line-throwing appliances.

57.—(1.) A Class I. ship, and a Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 500 tons, shall be furnished with a line-throwing appliance of an approved type that—

(a) consists of an apparatus that complies with the requirements prescribed by Part I. of the Ninth Schedule; and

(b) is capable of throwing a line one-half of an inch in circumference a distance of not less than two hundred and fifty yards in calm weather.

(2.) A Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of less than 500 tons but not less than 80 tons shall be furnished with a line-throwing appliance of an approved type that—

(a) consists of an apparatus that complies with the requirements prescribed by Part I. of the Ninth Schedule; and

(b) is capable of throwing a line one-half of an inch in circumference a distance of not less than two hundred yards in calm weather.

(3.) A Class I. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 500 tons shall be furnished with breeches buoy equipment that complies with the requirements prescribed by Part II. of the Ninth Schedule.

(4.) A Class I. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of less than 500 tons and a Class II. ship shall be provided with breeches buoy equipment that complies with the requirements prescribed by Part II. of the Ninth Schedule or with such substitute equipment as a surveyor deems to be suitable for the purpose.

Rocket signals and flares.

58.—(1.) A Class I. ship and a Class II. ship shall be furnished with not less than twelve parachute distress rockets which comply with the requirements prescribed by the Tenth Schedule.

(2.) Where a ship which has a gross registered tonnage of less than 500 tons is not equipped with a radio installation, it shall be furnished with two deck flares that are self-igniting in water and capable of burning clearly for at least forty minutes.

(3.) A rocket or flare furnished in respect of a ship in pursuance of this regulation shall—

(a) be packed in a watertight container;

(b) be clearly and indelibly labelled to indicate its purpose; and

(4.) A magazine in which a rocket or flare is stowed in pursuance of the last preceding sub-regulation shall have the words “DISTRESS SIGNAL MAGAZINE” painted on the outside of the magazine in conspicuous lettering.

Altering date of manufacture of rockets and flares.

59. A person shall not deface or alter, or attempt to deface or alter, the date of the manufacture stamped on a rocket or flare provided in a ship.

Division 6.—Other Appliances and Requirements.

Radio-telegraphy equipment to be carried in motor lifeboats.

60.—(1.) Where the total number of persons that a Class I. ship is certified to carry is more than one hundred and ninety-nine persons but less than one thousand five hundred persons, radiotelegraphy equipment shall be fitted in at least one of the motor lifeboats required to be carried in the ship in pursuance of sub-regulation (1.) of regulation 12 of these Regulations.

(2.) Where the total number of persons that a Class I. ship is certified to carry is one thousand five hundred persons or more, radiotelegraphy equipment shall be fitted in all the motor lifeboats required to be carried in the ship in pursuance of regulation 12 of these Regulations.

(3.) Radiotelegraphy equipment provided in accordance with this regulation shall—

(a) be installed in a cabin large enough to accommodate the radiotelegraphy equipment and the person using it; and

(b) be so positioned that the running of the engine, whether or not charging a battery, does not interfere with the operation of the receiver or transmitter.

Portable radiotelegraphy equipment to be carried in a ship.

61.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, where a ship—

(a) being a Class I. or a Class II. ship, is not furnished on each side of the ship with a motor lifeboat fitted with radiotelegraphy equipment; or

(b) is furnished with a liferaft or liferafts in pursuance of sub-regulation (4.) of regulation 9 of these Regulations,

the ship shall be furnished with approved portable radiotelegraphy equipment.

(2.) Where the Minister, having regard to the duration of the voyage or voyages on which a ship is engaged, considers that the furnishing of portable radiotelegraphy equipment is unnecessary, he may, in respect of that ship, grant an exemption from compliance with the provisions of this regulation.

(3.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, the portable radiotelegraphy equipment required to be furnished in respect of a ship in accordance with sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation shall be kept in the chart room of the ship, or in another suitable place, ready to be moved into a lifeboat or liferaft in the event of an emergency.

(4.) The portable radiotelegraphy equipment required to be furnished in respect of a tanker—

(a) which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 3,000 tons; and

(b) that is furnished with lifeboats stowed amidships and aft, shall be kept in a suitable place near to the lifeboats that are stowed furthest away from the ship’s main radiotelegraphy equipment.

Construction of radiotelegraphy equipment.

62. Radiotelegraphy equipment required to be furnished in respect of a ship or a motor lifeboat in accordance with the last two preceding regulations shall comply with the requirements of the Navigation (Radio) Regulations applicable to that equipment.

Battery not to be used for other purposes.

63. The battery which supplies power to the radiotelegraphy equipment shall be separate from any battery used to supply power to the starting motor or ignition system of the engine of a motor lifeboat or any other purpose.

Searchlights.

64. Each motor lifeboat required to be furnished in respect of a ship in accordance with sub-regulations (1.) and (2.) of regulation 12 of these Regulations shall be provided with a searchlight having—

(a) a lamp of not less than eighty watts;

(b) an efficient reflector; and

(c) a source of power capable of enabling the searchlight to give effective illumination of a light coloured object having a width of sixty feet at a distance of two hundred yards for a total period of not less than six hours and for not less than three consecutive hours.

Ladders.

65.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, a ship shall be furnished—

(a) at each set of davits with a ladder which is long enough to reach the lifeboats when waterborne; and

(b) a number of ladders sufficient to facilitate embarkation into the liferafts provided in a ship when the liferafts are waterborne.

(2.) The Minister may, by instrument in writing, permit, to and in relation to a Class I. ship, the ladders referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation to be replaced with disembarkation devices if not less than one ladder is provided on each side of the ship.

Warning signals.

66. A Class I. ship shall be furnished with electrically-operated signals that can be controlled from the bridge for the purpose of summoning passengers to their muster stations.

Engine room discharge.

67. A Class I. ship and a Class II. ship shall be furnished with means, capable of being controlled from outside the engine room, to prevent any discharge of water into—

(a) lifeboats when being launched; and

(b) liferafts when being launched from fixed launching devices.

Emergency electrical installation in Class I. ships.

68.—(1.) In addition to the main generating sets, a Class I. ship shall be provided with a self-contained emergency electrical installation capable, for a continuous period of thirty-six hours or such shorter period as the Minister permits in the case of a ship regularly engaged, or intended to be regularly engaged, on voyages of short duration, of operating simultaneously—

(a) where the ship’s emergency bilge pump is electrically operated—that pump;

(b) any watertight door in the ship which is electrically operated;

10990/65—2

(c) the indicator which shows whether a power operated door is open or closed and the sound signals which give warning that a power operated door is about to close;

(d) the ship’s emergency lights situated—

(i) in every alleyway, stairway and exit;

(ii) in the machinery space of the ship;

(iii) in a control station where radio equipment, main navigating equipment or central fire recording equipment is situated;

(iv) in a place where the source of power for an emergency electrical installation is situated; and

(v) at each boat station;

(e) if the ship’s navigation lights are electrically operated—those lights;

(f) if a part of the ship’s communication equipment, fire detection system and signals which may be required in an emergency, including the daylight signalling lamp, is electrically operated from the main generating sets of the ship—that part;

(g) if the sprinkler pump is electrically operated from the main source of power—that pump;

(h) the means of illuminating—

(i) the lifeboats and their launching gear during preparation for and the process of launching, and the water into which the lifeboats are launched, until the process of launching is completed;

(ii) the stowage positions of liferafts for which approved launching devices are not provided; and

(iii) the liferafts and approved launching devices for the liferafts during the preparation for and the process of launching, and the water into which the liferafts are launched, until the process of launching is completed; and

(i) such other services as the Minister directs as necessary for the safety of all on board in an emergency.

(2.) The emergency electrical installation with which a ship is provided shall be capable of operating efficiently—

(a) when the ship is listed twenty-two and one-half degrees;

(b) when the trim of the ship is ten degrees; and

(3.) The source of electrical power for the emergency electrical installation with which a ship is provided shall be situated above the bulkhead deck and outside the machinery casings but shall not be situated forward of the collision bulkhead and its location within the ship in relation to a main source of electrical power shall be such that a fire or other casualty occurring in the machinery space will not interfere with the supply or distribution of emergency power.

(4.) The emergency switchboard forming part of the emergency electrical installation with which a ship is provided—

(a) shall be installed as near as is practicable to the source of electrical power for the installation; and

(b) may be supplied from the main switchboard in normal operation.

(5.) Where the source of electrical power for the emergency electrical installation with which a ship is provided is a generator, the emergency switchboard shall be located in the same space as the source of electrical power, unless the operation of the emergency switchboard would thereby be impaired.

(6.) An accumulator battery fitted in accordance with the next succeeding regulation shall not be installed in the same space as the emergency switchboard.

Source of electrical power for an emergency electrical installation in Class I. ships.

69.—(1.) The emergency electrical installation with which a ship is provided in pursuance of the last preceding regulation shall include a source of electrical power which consists of—

(a) an accumulator battery capable of complying with the requirements of sub-regulation (1.) of that regulation without being re-charged or suffering an excessive voltage drop; or

(b) a generator driven by a suitable prime mover—

(i) fitted with an independent fuel supply and with approved starting arrangements; and

(ii) designed to run on fuel with a flash point not less than one hundred and fifty degrees Fahrenheit.

(2.) Where the source of electrical power for the emergency electrical installation with which a ship is provided in pursuance of the last preceding sub-regulation consists of an accumulator battery, it shall be so installed that, on the failure of the main source of power for the ship’s main lighting system, the accumulator battery will automatically commence to operate the ship’s emergency lighting system.

(3.) Where the source of electrical power for the emergency electrical installation with which a ship is provided in pursuance of sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation consists of a generator, the ship shall also be provided with an accumulator battery as a temporary source of electrical power.

(4.) An accumulator battery provided in a ship in pursuance of the last preceding sub-regulation—

(a) shall be so installed that, on the failure of the main source of electrical power of the ship, the accumulator battery will automatically come into operation;

(b) shall be capable of operating the emergency lighting system of the ship continuously for half an hour;

(c) while operating the emergency lighting system, shall be capable of closing, simultaneously or otherwise, all electrically operated watertight doors in the ship; and

(d) shall be capable of operating the indicators (if electrically operated) which show whether power operated watertight doors are open or closed and of operating the sound signals (if electrically operated) which give warning that power operated watertight doors are about to close.

(5.) A ship shall be provided with means for the periodic testing of—

(a) the emergency electrical installation;

(b) the temporary source of electrical power, if any is provided, for that installation; and

(c) the automatic operations referred to in sub-regulation (2.) of this regulation and in paragraph (a) of the last preceding sub-regulation.

(6.) An indicator shall be mounted in the machinery space to indicate when any accumulator battery fitted in accordance with this regulation is being discharged.

Emergency electrical installation in Class II. ships.

70.—(1.) In addition to the main generating sets, a Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of 500 tons or more shall, and a Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of less than 500 tons may, be provided with an emergency electrical installation that is capable of operating simultaneously—

(a) the ship’s emergency lights situated—

(i) in each alleyway, stairway and exit;

(ii) in the main machinery space of the ship;

(iii) in the main generator set space of the ship;

(iv) on the navigating bridge and in the chartroom; and

(v) at each lifeboat station on deck;

(b) the general alarm;

(d) if the ship’s daylight signalling lamp is operated from the main source of electrical power—that lamp;

(e) the means of illuminating—

(i) the lifeboats and their launching gear during preparation for and the process of launching, and the water into which the lifeboats are launched, until the process of launching is completed;

(ii) the stowage positions of liferafts for which approved launching devices are not provided; and

(f) such other services as the Minister directs as necessary for the safety of all on board in an emergency.

(2.) The emergency electrical installation with which a Class II. ship is provided in pursuance of this regulation shall be capable of operating efficiently—

(a) when the ship is listed twenty-two and one-half degrees;

(b) when the trim of the ship is ten degrees; and

(3.) The source of electrical power for the emergency electrical installation with which a Class II. ship is provided in pursuance of this regulation shall be situated above the uppermost continuous deck and outside the machinery casings but shall not be situated forward of the collision bulkhead and its location within the ship in relation to the main source of electrical power shall be such that a fire or other casualty will not interfere with the supply or distribution of emergency power.

(4.) The emergency electrical installation with which a Class II. ship is provided in pursuance of this regulation shall include a source of electrical power which consists of—

(a) an accumulator battery capable of complying with the requirements of this regulation without being re-charged or suffering an excessive voltage drop; or

(b) a generator driven by a suitable prime mover—

(i) fitted with an independent fuel supply and with approved starting arrangements; and

(ii) designed to run on fuel with a flash point not less than one hundred and fifty degrees Fahrenheit.

(5.) The emergency electrical installation with which a Class II. ship is provided in pursuance of this regulation shall be capable of complying with the requirements of this regulation—

(a) in the case of a ship which has a gross registered tonnage of less than 5,000 tons—for a continuous period of three hours; or

(b) in the case of a ship which has a gross registered tonnage of not less than 5,000 tons—for a continuous period of six hours.

(6.) A Class II. ship shall be provided with means for the periodic testing of the emergency electrical installation.

Emergency lighting in Class II. ships under 500 tons.

71. A Class II. ship which has a gross registered tonnage of less than 500 tons shall, unless it is provided, in accordance with the last preceding regulation, with an emergency electrical installation that complies with the requirements of that regulation, be provided with—

(a) electric hand torches or electric hand lamps of such type and number (not being less than the number of persons that the ship is fit to carry), and placed in such positions, as a surveyor determines; and

(b) if the ship’s navigation lights are solely electrical or the ship’s daylight signalling lamp is operated from the main source of electrical power, an emergency electrical installation that complies with the requirements of the last preceding regulation and is capable of operating, for a continuous period of three hours, the ship’s navigation lights, the ship’s daylight signalling lamp, or both, as the case requires.

Part III.—River Murray Ships.

Lifeboats.

72.—(1.) A Class III. ship, other than a passenger ship which is less than seventy feet in length, shall be furnished with at least one lifeboat of an approved type.

(2.) Each lifeboat shall—

(a) have a weight, when fully loaded with the number of persons it is to be deemed to be fit to carry and its equipment, not exceeding 20 tons;

(b) have its thwarts and side seats fitted as low in the lifeboat as practicable;

(d) subject to sub-regulations (3.), (4.) and (5.) of this regulation, be carried in a position, not being a position in the bow of the ship, from which it can be readily launched; and

(e) be equipped with—

(i) three oars and three rowlocks;

(ii) two plugs for each plug-hole which are attached to the lifeboat by lanyards or chains;

(iii) a bailer;

(iv) a painter; and

(v) a rudder or facilities for being steered with an oar.

(3.) Where, in the opinion of a surveyor, the fitting of launching appliances in a Class III. ship is impracticable or unreasonable, a lifeboat provided for the ship may be towed behind the ship.

(4.) Where a lifeboat provided in a Class III. ship is carried under another lifeboat, removable supports or other appliances shall be provided to ensure that the weight of the upper lifeboat is not unduly supported by the lifeboat underneath it.

(5.) A lifeboat provided in a Class III. ship shall not be carried under a lifeboat that is also intended to be used in an emergency other than the rescue of the passengers and crew of the ship.

(6.) For the purposes of paragraph (a) of sub-regulation (2.) of this regulation—

(a) a lifeboat shall be deemed to be fit to carry the number of persons which, under regulation 15 of these Regulations, it would be deemed to be fit to carry if it were furnished in respect of a Class I. ship; and

(b) a person shall be deemed to weigh one hundred and sixty-five pounds.

Lifebuoys.

73.—(1.) A Class III. ship which is a passenger ship shall be furnished with not less than four lifebuoys of an approved type.

(2.) A Class III. ship which is a cargo ship shall be furnished with not less than two lifebuoys of an approved type.

Flotation equipment.

74.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, a Class III. ship which is a passenger ship shall be furnished with—

(a) a lifejacket of an approved type for each person the ship is certified to carry; or

(b) a number of lifejackets of an approved type sufficient for at least forty per centum of the total number of persons the ship is certified to carry and buoyant apparatus of an approved type that, together with the lifebuoys furnished on the ship, are sufficient for the total number of persons the ship is certified to carry.

(2.) Where a Class III. ship which is a passenger ship carries during daylight an additional number of passengers on holiday excursions, additional buoyant apparatus of an approved type, sufficient to support forty per centum of the additional number of passengers, or a lifejacket for each passenger including those additional passengers, shall be carried.

(3.) A Class III. ship which is a cargo ship shall be furnished with—

(a) a lifejacket for each person the ship is certified to carry; or

(b) buoyant apparatus of an approved type, in addition to lifeboats furnished on the ship, which is sufficient for the total number of persons the ship is certified to carry.

(4.) Buoyant apparatus furnished in pursuance of this regulation shall have the number of persons which the apparatus is fit to support clearly and permanently marked on the apparatus.

(5.) For the purposes of this regulation, a lifebuoy shall be deemed to be fit to support two persons.

Part IV.—Small Pearling Vessels.

Lifeboats, &c., to be furnished.

75. A Class IV. ship shall be furnished with—

(a) a lifeboat, or lifeboats, of an approved type or types;

(b) if the number of persons on board the ship exceeds the number of persons who can be carried in the lifeboat or lifeboats furnished in accordance with the last preceding paragraph—buoyant apparatus of an approved type or types having a carrying capacity, or an aggregate carrying capacity, sufficient to accommodate the excess;

(d) one lifejacket of an approved type for each person on board the ship;

(e) two fire extinguishers of an approved type;

(f) one first-aid kit of an approved type; and

(g) fresh water stored in containers the number and types of which are approved.

Stowage of equipment.

76.—(1.) A buoyant apparatus, a fire extinguisher or a fresh-water container furnished in a ship in accordance with the last preceding regulation shall be stowed to the satisfaction of a surveyor.

(2.) A lifebuoy furnished in a ship in accordance with the last preceding regulation shall be so stowed as to be readily accessible to all persons on board the ship.

(3.) A lifejacket furnished in a ship in accordance with the last preceding regulation shall be so stowed as to be easily located by, and readily accessible to, the person for whose use it is intended.

General provisions in relation to lifeboats.

77.—(1.) A lifeboat provided in a Class IV. ship shall—

(a) have a weight, when fully loaded with the number of persons it is to be deemed to be fit to carry and its equipment, not exceeding 20 tons;

(b) have its thwarts and side seats fitted as low in the lifeboat as practicable;

(d) subject to sub-regulations (3.), (4.) and (5.) of this regulation, be carried in a position, not being a position in the bow of the ship, from which it can be readily launched.

(2.) Where, in the opinion of a surveyor, the fitting of launching appliances in a Class IV. ship is impracticable or unreasonable, a lifeboat provided for the ship may be towed behind the ship.

(3.) Where a lifeboat provided in a Class IV. ship is carried under another lifeboat, removable supports or other appliances shall be provided to ensure that the weight of the upper lifeboat is not unduly supported by the lifeboat underneath it.

(4.) A lifeboat provided in a Class IV. ship shall not be carried under a lifeboat that is also intended to be used in an emergency other than the rescue of the passengers and crew of the ship.

(5.) For the purposes of paragraph (a) of sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation—

(a) a lifeboat provided in a Class IV. ship shall be deemed to be fit to carry the number of persons which, under regulation 15

of these Regulations, it would be deemed to be fit to carry if it were furnished in respect of a Class I. ship; and

(b) a person shall be deemed to weigh one hundred and sixty-five pounds.

Part V.—Miscellaneous.

Exemption of certain ships.

78. Where—

(a) a ship, other than a nuclear ship, is engaged on voyages other than international voyages; or

(b) the keel of the ship was laid before the date of commencement of these Regulations,

the Minister may, if he is satisfied that the requirements of these Regulations are unreasonable having regard to the ship and its equipment, exempt the ship from complying with the provisions of these Regulations to the extent specified by him.

Special exemption of intrastate ships.

79. Where—

(a) it is proposed to use a ship to make a voyage in the course of trade or commerce among the States;

(b) the ship is not a ship that is regularly engaged in trade or commerce among the States; and

(c) the ship is equipped with a life-saving appliance that a Regional Controller considers satisfactory for the purpose of the voyage,

the Regional Controller may exempt the ship from the requirements of these Regulations during the period of the voyage.

Equivalents.

80.—(1.) Where a provision of these Regulations requires a particular fitting, material, appliance or apparatus, or type thereof, to be fitted or carried in a ship or a particular provision to be made in a ship, the Minister may allow any other fitting, material, appliance or apparatus, or type thereof, to be fitted or carried, or any other provision to be made, if he is satisfied that the other fitting, material, appliance or apparatus, or type thereof, or provision, is at least as effective as that required by that provision of these Regulations.

(2.) The reference in the last preceding sub-regulation to a fitting, material, appliance or apparatus, or type thereof, or provision to be made in a ship shall not be read as including a reference to a fitting, material, appliance or apparatus, or type thereof, or provision to be made in a ship, in respect of which the Minister may exercise the powers conferred by sub-section (2.) of section 191a of the Act.

Additional life-saving appliances.

81. Where a ship is furnished with a life-saving appliance in addition to the life-saving appliances with which it is required to be furnished by these Regulations, that life-saving appliance shall comply with the requirements of these Regulations as if it were a life-saving appliance with which the ship was required to be furnished by these Regulations.

THE SCHEDULES

First Schedule

Regulation 5 (1.).

MOTOR LIFEBOATS AND MECHANICALLY-PROPELLED LIFEBOATS

Part I.—Motor Lifeboats

A motor lifeboat shall comply with the following requirements:—

(a) the lifeboat shall be equipped with a compression ignition engine that shall be kept at all times ready for use;

(b) the engine shall be capable of being started under all conditions;

(d) the circulating water pumps shall be self-priming;

(e) the engine and its accessories, including the fuel tank, pipes and fittings, shall be adequately protected to ensure reliable operation under conditions likely to arise at sea during heavy weather;

(f) where the lifeboat is made of wood, a metal tray shall be fitted under the engine;

(g) no part of the fuel tank or its fittings shall depend on soft solder for tightness;

(h) if the fuel tank is made of steel, it shall be galvanised externally;

(i) the fuel tank shall be substantially constructed and together with its connexions shall be capable of withstanding hydraulic pressure corresponding to a head of at least fifteen feet of fresh water;

(j) the fuel tank shall be securely fixed in position and be fitted with suitable filling and relief arrangements;

(k) a metal tray shall be fitted under the fuel tank;

(l) the engine shall be covered in and the casing shall be of steel or shall be fireproofed;

(m) the engine and fuel tank spaces shall be efficiently ventilated;

(n) the shafting and other moving parts of the engine shall be fenced where necessary to protect the persons in the lifeboat from injury;

(o) subject to the next succeeding paragraph, the speed ahead shall be not less than four knots in smooth water when the lifeboat is loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment;

(p) the speed ahead of a motor lifeboat provided in a Class I. ship and a tanker shall not be less than six knots in smooth water when the lifeboat is loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment;

(q) fuel shall be provided sufficient for twenty-four hours’ continuous operation at the speed referred to in whichever of the last two preceding paragraphs is applicable;

(r) the engine shall provide sufficient power for going astern; and

(s) the engine shall be fitted with a generator capable of re-charging all the batteries in the lifeboat.

Part II.—Mechanically-propelled Lifeboats

A mechanically-propelled lifeboat shall comply with the following requirements:—

(a) the lifeboat shall be propelled by an approved mechanical gear;

(b) the mechanical propelling gear shall be so arranged that it can rapidly and easily be made ready for service and not interfere with the rapid embarkation of persons;

(c) if manually operated, the mechanical propelling gear shall be capable of being operated by a person untrained in its use;

(d) the mechanical propelling gear shall be capable of being operated when the lifeboat is flooded;

(e) the mechanical propelling gear shall be effective in propelling the lifeboat ahead and astern when the lifeboat is partially or fully loaded;

10990/65—3

First Schedule—continued

(f) the mechanical propelling gear shall be fitted with a device enabling the helmsman at any time to cause the lifeboat to go astern whilst the propelling gear is in operation;

(g) the mechanical propelling gear shall be of sufficient power to enable the lifeboat—

(i) to be propelled at a speed ahead of three and one-half knots over a distance of one-quarter of a mile in smooth water; and

(ii) to hold course under adverse weather conditions;

(h) the mechanical propelling gear shall be capable of being operated, without adjustment, by persons of different stature; and

(i) the mechanical propelling gear shall be substantially constructed and fitted to the lifeboat in an efficient manner.

Second Schedule

Regulations 14 (1.) and 15 (6.).

LIFEBOATS—CONSTRUCTION AND CAPACITY

Part I.—Construction

1. Subject to the next succeeding item, a lifeboat shall be an open boat with rigid sides.

2. Where the Minister is satisfied that a rigid shelter fitted to a lifeboat—

(a) is capable of being readily opened from both inside and outside the shelter; and

(b) does not impede rapid—

(i) embarkation or disembarkation of the lifeboat; and

(ii) launching or handling of the lifeboat,

he may approve the lifeboat fitted with the rigid shelter.

3. A lifeboat shall be constructed to the satisfaction of a surveyor and shall—

(a) have a mean sheer at least equal to four per centum of its length and the sheer shall be approximately parabolic in form;

(b) have a form and proportion that, when loaded with a full or partial complement of persons and equipment, will give—

(i) ample stability in a seaway;

(ii) positive stability when open to the sea; and

(iii) sufficient freeboard;

(d) be of sufficient strength—

(i) to permit it being lowered into the water when loaded with a full complement of persons and equipment; and

(ii) to withstand a twenty-five per centum overload without suffering a residual deflection.

4. The block co-efficient of the cubic capacity, calculated in accordance with Part II. of this Schedule, of all lifeboats other than those constructed of wooden planks shall be not less than 0.64.

5. A lifeboat shall have internal buoyancy only.

6. A lifeboat shall have inherent buoyancy, or be provided with watertight air cases or other equivalent buoyant material that is not corrodible or is not adversely affected by oil or oil products, sufficient to float the lifeboat and its equipment when it is full of water and open to the sea, and shall also be provided with watertight air cases or other equivalent buoyant material that is not corrodible or is not adversely affected by oil or oil products having a volume not less than one-tenth of the cubic capacity of the lifeboat.

7. The Minister may permit the watertight air cases referred to in the last preceding item to be filled with non-corrodible buoyant material that is not affected by oil or oil products.

8. The watertight air cases shall be constructed in copper or yellow metal of not less than eighteen ounces to the superficial foot, or of other approved material.

Second Schedule—continued

9. In the case of a motor lifeboat the total volume of the buoyant material shall be increased by the amount (if any) by which the volume of the buoyant material required to support the motor and the accessories, and, if fitted, the searchlight and the radiotelegraphy equipment and their accessories exceeds the volume of the buoyant material required, at the rate of one cubic foot per person, to support the additional persons which the lifeboat could accommodate if the motor and its accessories and, if fitted, the searchlight and the radiotelegraphy equipment and their accessories were removed.

10. In the case of a mechanically-propelled lifeboat, the total volume of the buoyant material shall be increased to such extent as is necessary to compensate for the weight of the propelling gear.

11. Where a lifeboat accommodates not less than one hundred persons, the total volume of the buoyant material shall be increased to such extent as will ensure the seaworthiness of the lifeboat.

12. The side seats and thwarts of a lifeboat shall be fitted as low as practicable.

13. A lifeboat shall be fitted with suitable means to enable persons in the water to climb into it.

Part II.—Capacity

1. Subject to the provisions of item 6 of this Part, the cubic capacity of a lifeboat for the purposes of these Regulations shall be measured in cubic feet and shall be determined by the following formula:—

Cubic Capacity

, where—

(a) L denotes the length of the boat in feet from the inside of the planking or plating at the stem to the corresponding point at the stern post or, in the case of a boat with a square stern, to the inside of the transom; and

(b) A, B and C denote, respectively, the areas of the cross-sections at the quarter length forward, amidships, and the quarter length aft, which correspond to the three points obtained by dividing L into four equal parts (for this purpose the areas corresponding to the two ends of the boat being considered negligible).

2. For the purposes of the last preceding item, the areas A, B and C shall be deemed to be given in square feet by the successive application of the following formula to each of the three cross-sections:—

Area	=	h	(a + 4b + 2c + 4d + e), where—
		12

(a) h denotes—

(i) the depth measured in feet inside the planking or plating from the keel to the level of the gunwale; or

(ii) the depth ascertained in accordance with item 4 or 5 of this Part, as the case requires; and

(b) a, b, c, d and e denote the horizontal breadths of the boat measured in feet inside the planking or plating at the upper and lower points of the depth and at the three points obtained by dividing h into four equal parts (a and e being the breadths at the extreme points, and c at the middle point of h).

3. For the purposes of this Part, the capacity of a square-sterned boat shall be calculated as if the boat had a pointed stern.

4. If the sheer of the gunwale, measured at the two points situated at a quarter of the length of the boat from the ends, exceeds one per centum of the length of the boat, the depth employed in calculating the area A or C shall be deemed to be the depth amidships plus one per centum of the length of the lifeboat.

5. If the depth of the boat amidships exceeds forty-five per centum of the breadth, the depth employed in calculating the area of the amidships cross-section B shall be deemed to be equal to forty-five per centum of the breadth, and the depth employed in

10990/65—4

Second Schedule—continued

calculating the area A or C is obtained by increasing this last figure by an amount equal to one per centum of the length of the boat, but so that in no case shall the depth employed in the calculation exceed the actual depth at area A or C, as the case may be.

6. Unless the owner of a lifeboat constructed by wooden planks requires the cubic capacity to be determined by exact measurement, the cubic capacity of such a boat may be assumed, for the purposes of this Part, to be the product of the length, the breadth and the depth multiplied by 0.6, as long as this formula does not give a greater capacity than that obtained by the formula set out in item 1 of this Part.

7. The dimensions for the purposes of the last preceding item shall be measured in the following manner:—

(a) length—from the intersection of the outside of the planking with the stem to the corresponding point at the stern post, or in the case of a square-sterned boat, to the after side of the transom;

(b) breadth—from the outside of the planking at the point where the breadth of the boat is greatest; and

8. For the purposes of item 6 of this Part, the depth measurement used in calculating the cubic capacity, shall, where it exceeds forty-five per centum of the breadth, be deemed to be equal to forty-five per centum of the breadth.

9. For the purposes of this Part, the cubic capacity of a mechanically-propelled lifeboat or a motor lifeboat is the cubic capacity obtained in accordance with the preceding provisions of this Part after deducting from the gross capacity a volume equal to that occupied by the motor and its accessories or the propelling gear and gearbox, as the case may be, and, when carried, the searchlight and radiotelegraphy equipment and their accessories.

Third Schedule

Regulation 16.

Part I.—Lifeboat Equipment

1. Subject to item 2 of this Part, a lifeboat shall be equipped with—

(a) a single-banked complement of buoyant oars, and two buoyant spare oars and a buoyant steering oar;

(b) one set and a half of crutches or thole pins, attached to the lifeboat by lanyards or chains;

(d) two plugs for each plug-hole (except where approved automatic valves are fitted), attached to the lifeboat by lanyards or chains;

(e) a bailer and two rustproof buckets;

(f) a rudder attached to the lifeboat and a tiller;

(g) two hatchets, one at each end of the lifeboat;

(h) a lamp with oil sufficient for twelve hours;

(i) a watertight box containing two boxes of matches of a type that are not readily extinguishable by wind;

(j) a mast, or masts with galvanised wire stays, together with orange-coloured sails, which shall be marked for identification purposes with letters not less than two feet high and the strokes of which are three inches wide that are the first and last letters of the name of the ship to which the lifeboat belongs;

(k) a compass in a binnacle that complies with the requirements prescribed by Part III. of this Schedule;

(l) a sea anchor that complies with the requirements prescribed by Part IV. of this Schedule;

(m) four parachute distress rockets that comply with the requirement prescribed by Part V. of this Schedule;

Third Schedule—continued

(n) six hand flares that comply with the requirements prescribed by Part VI. of this Schedule;

(o) two buoyant smoke signals that comply with the requirements prescribed by Part VII. of this Schedule;

(p) a first-aid outfit containing the articles prescribed by Part VIII. of this Schedule;

(q) a waterproof electric torch suitable for morse signalling, together with one spare set of batteries and one spare bulb, all encased in a watertight box;

(r) an approved daylight-signalling mirror;

(s) a jack-knife, fitted with a tin opener, attached to the lifeboat with a lanyard;

(t) two buoyant light heaving lines;

(u) a manual pump that complies with the requirements prescribed by Part IX. of this Schedule;

(v) one whistle or equivalent sound signal;

(w) one set of fishing tackle;

(x) one approved cover of a highly visible colour capable of protecting the occupants of the lifeboat from injury from exposure;

(y) one copy of the rescue signal table used by life-saving stations, marine rescue units, ships and persons in distress;

(z) an approved radar reflector;

(aa) a lifeline becketed around the outside;

(bb) a locker suitable for stowage of small items of equipment;

(cc) two painters of sufficient length and size, one of which shall be secured to the forward end of the lifeboat with strop and toggle so that it can be released, the other being firmly secured to the stem of the lifeboat and ready for use;

(dd) a vessel containing one gallon of animal, fish or vegetable oil with provision to enable the oil to be easily distributed on the water from the boat to the hawser of the sea anchor; and

(ee) bilge keel rails, together with grab-lines secured from gunwale to gunwale under the keel, to enable persons to cling to the lifeboat if it is upturned.

2. A motor lifeboat or a mechanically-propelled lifeboat is not required to carry a mast or sails or more than half the complement of oars.

3. For the purposes of quenching oil fires, a motor lifeboat shall carry two approved portable fire extinguishers capable of discharging froth or another substance suitable for quenching oil fires.

Part II.—Lifeboat Rations

1.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-item, a lifeboat shall carry at all times when in a ship for each person included in the carrying capacity of the lifeboat approved rations, being not less than the following—

(a) sixteen ounces of biscuits;

(b) sixteen ounces of barley sugar;

(d) three quarts of fresh water.

(2.) A lifeboat may carry instead of the three quarts of fresh water prescribed by the last preceding sub-item for each person included in the carrying capacity of the lifeboat—

(a) two quarts of fresh water; and

(b) an approved de-salting apparatus capable of providing one quart of fresh water for each person.

2. The water shall be kept in the lifeboat in watertight containers that have their capacity marked on them, and one dipper, attached to each watertight container by a lanyard, and three rust-proof drinking vessels (one graduated in half, one and two ounces), shall be provided.

3. The food shall be packed in air-tight receptacles and stowed in suitable watertight containers.

4. The tins in which the food is packed shall be clearly marked to indicate—

(a) the type of food;

(b) the maker’s name;

(d) the date of packing.

Third Schedule—continued

Part III.—Lieeboat Compasses

1. A lifeboat compass shall be of the liquid type and the liquid used shall be a clear mixture of industrial methylated spirit and water, with a specific gravity of 0.93 at sixty degrees Fahrenheit, and shall be free from sediment, cloudiness and dirt.

2. The compass shall be capable of functioning efficiently over a temperature range of minus ten degrees Fahrenheit to plus one hundred and twenty degrees Fahrenheit.

3. The magnet of the compass shall have ample directive force with a period equivalent to a period of between fourteen and eighteen seconds after a deflection of forty degrees in a horizontal magnetic field of 0.25 C.G.S. units of intensity at a temperature of sixty degrees Fahrenheit. For the purposes of this item, a “period” is the time taken by a complete oscillation of the card, a swing past the position of rest, and back again to the completion of its swing on the side to which it was originally deflected.

4. Over a range of minus ten degrees Fahrenheit to plus one hundred and twenty degrees Fahrenheit, the card system of the compass when immersed in the compass liquid shall rest on the pivot with a weight between four and ten grammes.

5. The card of the compass shall be not less than four inches in diameter and shall have a clearance from the compass bowl of at least one quarter of an inch.

6. The card of the compass shall be marked to half points, the eight principal points being distinctively marked and luminised.

7. The centre of the card of the compass shall be of sapphire or an equally hard jewel, and shall be removable from the float.

8. The pivot of the compass shall be of iridium or an equally suitable hard material.

9. The arrangements made to allow for the expansion and contraction of the liquid in the compass shall enable the compass to withstand a temperature range of minus ten degrees Fahrenheit to plus one hundred and twenty degrees Fahrenheit without leakage, formation of bubbles or other defects.

10. The compass bowl shall be—

(a) adequately weighted and properly poised in the gimbals which shall give a fore and aft and thwartship action; and

(b) placed in a binnacle or box of non-magnetic material with the lubber line or point luminised.

11. The gimballing shall be in the same horizontal plane as the point of suspension of the card and the outer gimbal pins shall be placed fore and aft.

12. The card system of the compass shall remain free when the bowl is tilted by ten degrees.

13. The direction of the lubber line or point from the centre of the card of the compass shall lie in the same vertical plane as the outer gimbal axis or other fore and aft datum line.

14. The cumulative effect of card, pivot, directional and other similar errors, and of inaccurate positioning of the lubber’s point, shall be such that in the undisturbed earth’s field the direction as read on the card against the lubber’s point shall not differ by more than three degrees from the magnetic direction of the outer gimbal axis or other fore and aft datum line for any direction of the latter.

15. The binnacle shall be fitted with an efficient lamp which shall illuminate the card and lubber line or point.

16. The minimum thickness of the metal used in the construction of the compass shall be as follows:—

Compass bowl ...........................................	21 S.W.G.
Binnacle ...............................................	24 S.W.G.
Lamp .................................................	24 S.W.G.

17. The compass bowl shall be efficiently stiffened to take gimbal pins.

18. The gimbal pins shall be of naval brass or other hard non-magnetic material of one-quarter of an inch diameter and the gimbal pins and the bearings in which they engage shall be perfectly smooth.

19. The binnacle shell shall be swaged or spun into the base ring and soldered all round.

20. The gimbal ring shall be of naval brass or other rigid non-magnetic metal three-eighths of an inch by one-eighth of an inch.

21. The paint inside the compass bowl shall show no sign of blistering.

Third Schedule—continued

22. The materials and workmanship of the compass shall be good throughout and the compass shall be such as will remain efficient under sea-going conditions.

23. The compass bowl shall be engraved or stamped with the maker’s name or other identification mark.

Part IV.—Lifeboat Sea Anchors

1. A sea anchor shall be constructed of No. 1 best flax canvas, or other suitable material, which shall be strongly sewn together and roped at the seams with one and three-quarter inch bolt rope, the ropes then being formed into a bridle with a thimble seized in the connecting end, and the rope extending and seized into a parcelled loop to form the attachment for the tripping line.

2. A hawser equal in length to three times the lifeboat’s length shall be attached to the sea anchor by means of a shackle of suitable size to take the thimble.

3. A tripping line two fathoms longer than the hawser shall be provided.

4. A circular sea anchor shall be fitted at the mouth with a galvanised iron hoop and any other type of sea anchor shall be fitted with an equivalent iron spreader on the lower edge of the mouth and with an ash spreader on the upper edge of the mouth.

5. For lifeboats not exceeding twenty-two feet in length—

(a) the mouth of the sea anchor shall be twenty-four inches in diameter in the case of a circular sea anchor and twenty-one and one-half inches each side in the case of a non-circular folding sea anchor;

(b) the length of the canvas bag shall be three feet six inches;

(d) the circumference of the tripping line shall be one and one-half inches.

6. For lifeboats exceeding twenty-two feet in length but not exceeding thirty feet in length—

(a) the mouth of the sea anchor shall be twenty-seven inches in diameter in the case of a circular sea anchor and twenty-four inches each side in the case of a non-circular folding sea anchor;

(b) the length of the canvas bag shall be four feet;

(d) the circumference of the tripping line shall be two inches.

7. For lifeboats exceeding thirty feet in length—

(a) the sea anchor shall be of the non-circular folding type and the mouth shall be thirty inches at the upper edge, twenty-seven inches at the lower edge and twenty-seven inches on each side with an area seven hundred and seventy square inches;

(b) the length of the canvas bag shall be four feet six inches;

(d) the circumference of the tripping line shall be two inches.

Part V.—Lifeboat Parachute Distress Rockets

1. A lifeboat parachute distress rocket shall be designed to give a signal consisting of a single bright red star which is projected to the required height by means of the rocket, and which burns while falling, its rate of fall being controlled by means of a small parachute to fifteen feet per second.

2. The rocket shall be fitted with a self-contained means of ignition so designed as to enable the rocket to operate from the hand-held position and to be discharged from a lifeboat without harm to the occupants.

3. The rocket shall be so designed that—

(a) when the rocket is fired approximately vertically, the star and parachute are ejected at or before the top of the trajectory, at a minimum height of six hundred feet;

(b) it is also capable of functioning when fired at an angle of forty-five degrees to the horizontal; and

(c) the star burns with a minimum luminous intensity of ten thousand candelas for not less than thirty seconds and burns out at a height of not less than one hundred and fifty feet from the sea level.

4. The parachute shall be of such a size as to provide the required control of the rate of fall of the burning star and shall be attached to the star by means of a flexible fireproof harness.

Third Schedule—continued

5. The rocket shall be waterproofed and capable of functioning satisfactorily after immersion in water for one minute.

6. All components, compositions and ingredients of the rocket shall be of such a character and of such a quality as to enable the rocket to maintain its serviceability under good average storage conditions for a period of at least two years.

7. The rocket shall be packed in a hermetically sealed container.

8. The date on which the rocket is filled shall be stamped indelibly on the rocket and on the container.

Part VI.—Lifeboat Hand Flares

1. A lifeboat hand flare shall be fitted with a self-contained means of ignition so designed as to operate from a hand-held position without external aid and such as to enable the flare to be displayed from a lifeboat or inflatable liferaft without harm to the occupants.

2. Where the flare is carried in an inflatable liferaft, it shall be so constructed that the burning composition is contained in a metal container.

3. The flare shall be capable of emitting a red light of a minimum luminous intensity of fifteen thousand candelas for not less than fifty-five seconds.

4. The flare shall be waterproofed and capable of functioning satisfactorily after immersion in water for one minute.

5. All components, compositions and ingredients of the flare shall be of such a character and of such a quality as to burn evenly and as to enable the flare to maintain its serviceability under good average storage conditions for a period of at least two years.

6. The flare shall be stamped indelibly with the date on which it is filled.

7. Clear and concise directions for use shall be printed indelibly on the flare.

Part VII.—Lifeboat Buoyant Smoke Signals

1. A lifeboat buoyant smoke signal shall be fitted with a self-contained means of ignition.

2. The smoke signal shall be capable, while floating on the water, of emitting a dense volume of orange-coloured smoke for a period of not less than two minutes and not more than four minutes.

3. The weight of the composition contained in the smoke signal shall be at least twenty ounces.

4. The smoke signal shall be waterproofed and capable of functioning satisfactorily after immersion in water for one minute.

5. All components, compositions and ingredients shall be of such a character and of such a quality as to burn evenly and as to enable the signal to maintain its serviceability under good average storage conditions for a period of at least two years.

6. The smoke signal shall be stamped indelibly with the date on which it is filled.

7. Clear and concise directions for use shall be printed indelibly on the signal.

Part VIII.—Lifeboat First-Aid Outfits

1. The contents of every lifeboat first-aid outfit shall comply with the standards and requirements of the British Pharmacopoeia or the British Pharmaceutical Codex, where such standards are applicable, and shall include the following articles:—

(a) one tin of six collapse revivers;

(b) twenty-five codeine compound tablets (Tab. Codeine Co.);

(c) six ampoule syringes containing a solution of either a morphine salt equivalent to anhydrous morphine one-quarter grain in one cubic centimetre or Papaveretum one-half grain in one cubic centimetre, such as “Omnopon”;

(d) two first-aid field dressings or standard dressings No. 14;

(e) two shell dressings or standard dressings No. 15;

(f) two packets of elastic adhesive dressings, measuring two inches by three inches, having three dressings in each packet;

(g) five compressed triangular bandages with not less than thirty-eight inch sides and a fifty-four inch base;

(h) three rolls of compressed white absorbent gauze measuring thirty-six inches by ninety inches;

Third Schedule—continued

(i) four compressed roller bandages measuring two and one-half inches by one hundred and forty-four inches;

(j) one bandage of unbleached calico measuring six inches by two hundred and sixteen inches;

(k) one four-ounce packet of compressed cotton wool;

(l) six safety-pins of rustless and stainless metal;

(m) one one-ounce tube of soft paraffin;

(n) one pair of four inch scissors, with one sharp and one blunt point, of rustless and stainless metal;

(o) one capsule of silica gel; and

(p) instructions for the use of the first-aid outfit printed on linen.

2. The container for the lifeboat first-aid outfit shall comply with the following requirements:—

(a) the container shall be made of a metal of a strength sufficient to withstand hard wear under conditions met with at sea;

(b) the container shall be made damp-proof and scaled with a piece of wire soldered to the lid and the body of the container to indicate that the contents are intact;

(d) the container shall be well tinned and lacquered; and

(e) an itemised list of its contents shall be given on the outside of the container.

Part IX.—Lifeboat Manual Pumps

Lifeboat manual pumps shall comply with the following requirements:—

(a) each pump when operated by one man and with a four feet suction head shall have a capacity of not less than seven gallons per minute;

(b) in their normal dry state (excluding internal grease or other assistance) the pumps shall be readily self-priming when operated on a suction head of not less than four feet;

(d) the interior of the pumps, including valves, shall be readily accessible for emergency cleaning, and the covers for access shall be capable of being easily removed without the use of a spanner or other special tool;

(e) the pump branches shall be suitable for use with rubber hose connexions of one and one-quarter inches bore and the metal part of the operating handles shall be suitably sheathed by material other than wood so as to protect the hands of the operator when the pump is used in extreme cold; and

(f) the spindle-glands shall be of the spring-loaded seal-ring type.

Fourth Schedule

Regulation 21 (6.).

LIFEBOAT DISENGAGING GEAR

1. Lifeboat disengaging gear shall be so arranged as to ensure simultaneous release of both ends of the lifeboat.

2. The means of effecting release shall be placed aft.

3. The gear shall be of a type which will permit the release of the lifeboat only when it is waterborne.

4. The gear shall be of a type which will permit release should there be a towing strain on the link or falls.

5. The hooks shall be suitable for instant unhooking by hand.

6. The point of attachment of the hook to the eye, ring or link of the block shall not be lower than when ordinary fixed hooks are fitted.

7. The gear and mechanism for effecting release shall be so constructed and arranged as to ensure the safety of the lifeboat independently of any safety pins.

8. The means for effecting release shall be by hauling on or letting go a line or by using a lever.

Fourth Schedule—continued

9. Where release is effected by a pull upon a line, the line shall be properly cased in.

10. Rods or other connexions between hooks shall also be cased in whenever this is necessary for the safety or the efficient action of the gear or for the protection of persons from injury.

11. The fairleads shall be properly arranged to prevent the lines from jamming or nipping, and shall be strongly attached to permanent parts of the lifeboat.

12. The lines shall be fitted with chains where necessary for efficiency.

13. Parts of the gear which, if made of corrodible metal, would be likely to be set fast by rust or corrosion shall be made of non-corrodible metal.

14. No part of the gear taking the weight of the lifeboat shall be made of cast metal.

15. The scantlings and proportions of all parts which support the weight of the lifeboat shall be designed to provide a breaking strength proportionate to a load of at least two and one-half times the weight of the heaviest-loaded lifeboat in which the gear is intended to be fitted.

Fifth Schedule

Regulation 28.

DAVITS AND LIFEBOAT LAUNCHING GEAR

Part I.—Construction

1. In this Part, “working load”, in relation to davits, means the sum of the weight of the lifeboat attached to the davits and the weights of the equipment, the blocks and falls and the number of persons that the lifeboat is certified to carry (the weight of each such person being taken to be 165 pounds).

2. The operating gear of luffing-type davits shall be of sufficient power to ensure that the lifeboats when fully equipped and manned with the launching crew, but not loaded with other persons, can be turned out when the ship is listed at least fifteen degrees either way and the trim of the ship is ten degrees.

3.—(1.) In the case of gravity-type davits comprising arms mounted on rollers which engage with and travel down fixed inclined trackways, the trackways shall be inclined at an angle of not less than thirty degrees to the horizontal when the vessel is upright.

(2.) Gravity-type davits of types other than the type referred to in the last preceding sub-item shall be so designed that there is a positive turning-out moment during the whole of the davit travel from the inboard to the outboard position when the vessel is listed up to twenty-five degrees either way.

(3.) Where davits are fitted with mechanically-powered appliances for recovering lifeboats—

(a) automatic cut-outs operating before the lowering gear comes against runway stops shall be so fitted and arranged to avoid overstressing the falls or davits; and

(b) efficient hand gear shall also be provided.

4. The designed stress on the davit arms, when operating under maximum load and conditions of list, shall afford an adequate factor of safety, having regard to the quality of the material used, the method of construction, and the live nature of the load to which the davits are subjected.

5. In the case of all davits made of cast steel, or of wrought steel or other material fabricated by a welding process, the davits with their arms at full outreach shall he capable of withstanding a static-load test of not less than two and two-tenths times the working load.

6. The attachments at the davit head from which the blocks are suspended shall be capable of withstanding a proof-load test of not less than two and one-half times the working load.

7. Lifeboat blocks shall comply with the following requirements:—

(a) in the case of metal blocks, the material used shall be of ductile quality and adequate strength;

(b) no part of the gear intended to bear the weight of a lifeboat shall be constructed of cast metal unless the Minister in the case of a particular ship so approves;

(c) metal blocks shall be capable of withstanding a proof-load test of not less than two and one-half times the working load on the davits; and

(d) the width between the cheeks of the blocks in which cordage rope is used shall be half an inch greater than the diameter of new cordage ropes when those ropes are three and three-quarter inches in circumference, and less in proportion to the circumference of the ropes when the ropes are smaller.

Fifth Schedule—continued

8.—(1.) The breaking tensile load of wire ropes used for lowering boats from davits shall be not less than six times the working load.

(2.) Wire ropes shall be securely attached to the drum of the winch, and the end attachments of the wires and other parts from which the lifeboat is to be suspended shall be capable of withstanding a proof-load test of not less than two and one-half times the working load.

(3.) Where wire splices are used they shall be capable of withstanding a proof-load test of not less than two and one-half times the working load, unless sample splices of each size of wire when tested to destruction give a factor of safety at the splice of not less than five times the working load.

9.—(1.) Winch drums shall be arranged to keep the two falls separate and to enable them to be paid out at the same rate.

(2.) The leads of the wire ropes shall be such that they will wind evenly on the drums.

(3.) Lead blocks shall be arranged at least seven feet from the winch drums.

(4.) The brakes of the lifeboat winches shall comply with the following requirements:—

(a) the brakes shall be of robust construction and afford complete control and limitation of speed in the operation of lowering;

(b) the hand brake shall be so arranged that it is normally in the “ON” position and returns to the “ON” position when the control handle is not being operated;

(d) the brake gear shall include means for automatically controlling the speed of lowering to ensure that the boat is lowered expeditiously without exceeding a rate of lowering consistent with safety and, for this purpose, the automatic brake shall be set to give a speed of lowering of the lifeboat of between sixty and one hundred and twenty feet per minute;

(e) ratchet gear shall be incorporated in the hand-brake mechanism of lifeboat winches; and

(f) where practicable the brake gear shall be so situated as to enable the man operating the winch to have the lifeboat under observation during the whole process of its being launched into the water.

10.—(1.) Cordage ropes used for falls shall be durable, unkinkable, firm laid and pliable and be able to pass freely under any conditions through a hole three-eighths of an inch larger than the nominal diameter of the rope.

(2.) The breaking loads of cordage rope shall be not less than the breaking load specified in relation to the size of the rope, or the size and quality of the rope, in the following table:—

Circumference of Rope in Inches	Breaking Load in Tons
3¾ ...................................................	6
3½ ...................................................	5.25
3¼ ...................................................	4.5
3 ....................................................	3.85
2¾ ...................................................	3.25
2½(Higher quality) .........................................	2.7
2½(Ordinary quality) .......................................	2.2

(3.) Cordage ropes of a size of less than two and one-half inches shall not be used for lifeboat falls.

(4.) Winding reels or flaking boxes for the falls shall be provided.

Fifth Schedule—continued

11. Wood blocks for lifeboats of standard proportions shall comply with the following table:—

Length of Lifeboat not over—	Size of Block	Purchase of Falls *	Size of Cordage Rope
Feet	Inches
30 .....................................	13	T & T	3¾
29 .....................................	13	T & T	3¾
28 .....................................	13	T & T	3¾
27 .....................................	12	T & T	3½
26 .....................................	12	T & T	3½
25 .....................................	12	T & T	3¼
24 .....................................	11	T & T	3
23 .....................................	11	T & D	3
22 .....................................	10	T & D	2¾
21 .....................................	10	T & D	2½
20 .....................................	9	D & D	2½
19 .....................................	9	D & D	2½
18 .....................................	9	D & D	2½†
17 .....................................	8	D & D	2½†
16 .....................................	8	D & D	2½†

* T = Triple sheaves. D = Double sheaves.

† Ordinary quality breaking load 2.2 tons.

12.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding item, suitable bollards or other equally effective appliances for lowering lifeboats shall be provided in all cases where cordage rope falls are used.

(2.) For lifeboats not exceeding twenty feet in length, horn cleats attached to the davits may be fitted in lieu of bollards.

(3.) For lifeboats over twenty feet but not exceeding twenty-five feet in length, a double bollard may be fixed to each davit.

(4.) For lifeboats over twenty-five feet in length, bollards of the cruciform type shall be attached to the deck, and in the case of lifeboats not over twenty-seven feet in length, the horizontal arms shall be not less than five inches in diameter and sufficiently long to take at least four turns of the largest rope with which they will be used.

(5.) In the case of lifeboats over twenty-seven feet in length, the arms shall be six inches in diameter and not less than six inches in length from the side of the column.

(6.) Ample lips or flanges shall be provided at the ends of the arms of bollards to prevent the fall from jumping off.

(7.) Fairleads shall be fitted and be arranged so as to ensure that the lifeboat is not lifted during the process of swinging out.

13. Davits, falls and blocks and other launching gear shall be of sufficient strength so that the lifeboats can be safely lowered when fully loaded with persons and equipment with the ship listed to fifteen degrees either way and the trim of the ship is ten degrees.

Part II.—Lowering Tests

1. Each pair of davits, and, where fitted, the lifeboat winches (including their hand and automatic brakes), shall be capable of withstanding the lowering of the life boat fitted to those davits from the embarkation deck to the water loaded with the usual equipment and a distributed weight equal to the full number of persons which it is designed to carry together with a weight equal to ten per centum of that total load, including blocks and falls.

2. Winch brakes exposed to the weather shall be capable of withstanding the test with the braking surface wetted.

Sixth Schedule

Regulations 5 (1.) and 38.

LIFERAFTS

Part I.—Construction of Inflatable Liferafts

An inflatable liferaft shall be of an approved type, shall be constructed to the satisfaction of a surveyor and shall comply with the following requirements:—

(a) the liferaft shall be contained in a valise or other container so constructed as to be capable of withstanding hard wear under conditions met with at sea;

Sixth Schedule—continued

(b) the liferaft shall be so constructed with approved material or materials in such a manner as to be capable of withstanding exposure for 30 days afloat in all sea conditions;

(c) the liferaft shall be capable of operating in any temperature ranging between the temperatures of minus twenty-two degrees Fahrenheit and one hundred and fifty degrees Fahrenheit;

(d) where the liferaft is designed for use with an approved launching device, it shall be properly constructed for that purpose and shall be of sufficient strength to permit it to be safely lowered into the water when fully loaded with the number of persons that it is permitted to carry and the equipment that by these Regulations it is required to carry;

(e) the liferaft and its valise or other container shall be inherently buoyant;

(f) the liferaft and its valise or other container shall not exceed four hundred pounds in weight;

(g) the liferaft shall be so constructed that, if it is dropped into the water from its stowed position, or from a height of sixty feet, whichever is the greater, neither the liferaft nor its equipment will be damaged;

(h) the buoyancy compartments of a liferaft shall be inflated by a gas which, if it escapes, is not injurious to persons in the liferaft;

(i) the inflation of the liferaft shall take place automatically either on the pulling of a line or by some other equally simple and efficient method;

(j) provision shall be made for maintaining pressure with a topping up pump or bellows;

(k) the liferaft shall be fitted with a painter and shall have a line securely becketed around the outside and a lifeline fitted around the inside;

(l) the liferaft shall be capable of being readily righted by one person if it inflates in an inverted position;

(m) the liferaft shall be fitted with a cover of a highly visible colour which shall be automatically erected on the inflation of the liferaft and shall be capable of protecting the occupants against injury from exposure with provision to enable the collection of rain water precipitated on the cover, and the top and the inside of the cover shall be fitted with a lamp which derives its power from a sea-activated cell;

(n) when fully inflated and floating with the cover uppermost the liferaft shall be stable in a seaway;

(o) the liferaft shall be capable, when inflated, of supporting out of the water and under cover the number of persons included in the carrying capacity of the liferaft;

(p) the liferaft shall be fitted at each opening with efficient means to enable persons in the water to climb on board;

(q) the liferaft shall be so constructed as to afford sufficient room for comfortable seating for the number of persons included in the carrying capacity of the liferaft;

(r) the buoyancy of the liferaft shall be divided into an even number of compartments so arranged that either half of the, total number of compartments is capable of supporting out of the water the number of persons included in the carrying capacity of the liferaft;

(s) the floor of the liferaft shall be waterproofed and shall be capable of being sufficiently insulated against cold;

(t) the liferaft shall be fitted with means enabling it to be towed readily; and

(u) where the liferaft is furnished with portable radiotelegraphy equipment, the liferaft shall be fitted with appropriate means whereby the aerial of the equipment may be erected and maintained in the position necessary for the proper operation of the equipment.

Part II.—Construction of Rigid Liferafts

A rigid liferaft shall be of an approved type, shall be constructed to the satisfaction of a surveyor and shall comply with the following requirements:—

(a) the liferaft shall be so constructed that, if it is dropped into the water from its stowed position or from a height of sixty feet, whichever is the greater, neither the liferaft nor its equipment will be damaged;

(b) the deck area of the liferaft shall be so constructed so as to—

(i) afford protection to its occupants;

(ii) prevent, so far as it is practicable, the entry of water; and

(iii) support the occupants out of the water;

(c) the liferaft shall be fitted with a cover or other similar arrangement of a highly visible colour and capable of protecting the occupants against injury from exposure whichever way up the liferaft is floating;

Sixth Schedule—continued

(d) subject to the next succeeding paragraph, the liferaft and its equipment shall not exceed four hundred pounds in weight;

(e) a liferaft carried in a Class II. ship may exceed four hundred pounds in weight where—

(i) it is capable of being launched from both sides of the ship; or

(ii) mechanical means are provided for launching the liferaft;

(f) the liferaft shall be so constructed as to be at all times effective as a liferaft and stable whichever way up the liferaft is floating;

(g) the liferaft shall be provided with three and two-fifths cubic feet of watertight air cases or equivalent buoyancy for each person included in the carrying capacity of the liferaft;

(h) the watertight air cases or other buoyant material provided in a liferaft shall be positioned close to its sides;

(i) the liferaft shall be fitted with a painter and shall have a lifeline securely becketed around the outside of and a lifeline fitted around the inside of the liferaft;

(j) the liferaft shall be fitted at each opening with efficient means to enable persons in the water to climb on board;

(k) the liferaft shall be so constructed that it will not be affected by oil or oil products;

(l) a buoyant light operated by an electric battery shall be attached to the liferaft by a lanyard;

(m) the liferaft shall be fitted with means enabling it to be readily towed; and

(n) where the liferaft is furnished with portable radiotelegraphy equipment, the liferaft shall be fitted with appropriate means whereby the aerial of the equipment may be erected and maintained in the position necessary for the proper operation of the equipment.

Part III.—Equipment

A liferaft shall be equipped with—

(a) two sea anchors, one being permanently attached to the liferaft and one being a spare sea anchor with a line attached;

(b) two sponges;

(c) where the carrying capacity of a liferaft is thirteen persons or more, two bailers and two safety-knives, otherwise one bailer and one safety-knife;

(d) where the liferaft is an inflatable liferaft, one topping-up pump or bellows;

(e) one repair kit capable of repairing punctures in the buoyancy compartments;

(f) one buoyant rescue quoit attached to at least one hundred feet of buoyant line;

(g) two paddles;

(h) two parachute distress rockets that comply with the requirements prescribed by Part V. of the Third Schedule;

(i) six hand flares that comply with the requirements prescribed by Part VI. of the Third Schedule;

(j) one waterproof electric torch suitable for morse-signalling, together with one spare set of batteries and one spare bulb in a waterproof container;

(k) one daylight-signalling mirror and one signalling whistle;

(l) one fishing line and six hooks;

(m) twelve ounces of a suitable non-thirst-provoking food providing at least two thousand two hundred calories per pound weight and six ounces of barley sugar or other equally suitable sweets for each person included in the carrying capacity of the liferaft;

(n) for each person included in the carrying capacity of the liferaft—

(i) three pints of fresh water; or

(ii) two pints of fresh water and an approved de-salting apparatus capable of providing one pint of fresh water for each person, which shall be contained in watertight and rustproof receptacles;

(o) one rustproof graduated drinking vessel, graduated in one-half, one and two ounces;

(p) three tin-openers;

(q) six seasickness tablets for each person included in the carrying capacity of the liferaft;

Sixth Schedule—continued

(r) a first-aid outfit, enclosed in a watertight case, in which are included the following articles, complying with the standards and requirements of the British Pharmacopoeia or the British Pharmaceutical Codex where such standards are applicable:—

(i) four medium standard dressings No. 14;

(ii) four standard dressings No. 15;

(iii) four compressed triangular bandages with not less than thirty-eight inch sides and a fifty-four inch base;

(iv) ten open-wove bandages measuring three inches by one hundred and forty-four inches;

(v) two fifty-gramme tubes of antiseptic burn or wound cream, each containing 0.5 per centum of Cetrimide;

(vi) one pair of four inch scissors, with one sharp and one blunt point, of rustless and stainless metal;

(vii) six ampoule syringes containing a solution of either a morphine salt equivalent to anhydrous morphine one-quarter grain in one cubic centimetre or Papaveretum one-half grain in one cubic centimetre such as “Omnopon”, in a screw-capped metal drum with directions for use with each syringe also being packed in a small sealed tin with directions for use; and

(viii) instructions for the use of the first-aid outfit printed on linen;

(s) instructions printed in the English language on how to survive on a liferaft;

(t) a copy of the rescue signal table used by life-saving stations, marine rescue units and ships and persons in distress; and

(u) an approved radar reflector.

Seventh Schedule

Regulation 43.

BUOYANT APPARATUS

Buoyant apparatus shall be of an approved type, shall be constructed to the satisfaction of a surveyor and shall comply with the following requirements:—

(a) the buoyant apparatus shall be capable of withstanding a drop test, the height of which shall be equivalent to that of the deck on which it is stowed above the ship’s light water line, but in no case less than sixty feet;

(b) grab lines shall be fitted all round the buoyant apparatus in such a manner as to provide a number of equal loops corresponding to the number of persons the apparatus is designed to carry, each loop having a cork or light wood float, and the depth of the loop when wet shall not be less than six inches and not more than eight inches;

(c) the buoyant apparatus shall not exceed four hundred pounds in weight unless suitable means are provided to enable it to be launched and where the weight of the apparatus exceeds three hundred pounds but does not exceed four hundred pounds in weight, suitable handles or rungs shall be fitted to enable it to be launched by hand;

(d) the buoyant apparatus shall be effective and stable when floating either way up;

(e) the air cases or equivalent means of buoyancy shall be placed as near as possible to the sides of the buoyant apparatus;

(f) the buoyancy of the buoyant apparatus shall not be dependent upon inflation;

(g) the buoyant apparatus shall be fitted with a rope painter not less than fifteen fathoms in length;

(h) the buoyant apparatus shall be of such construction that it retains its shape and properties when exposed to the weather on board a ship and when in the water; and

(i) the buoyant apparatus shall be so constructed that it does not require adjustment before use.

Eighth Schedule

Regulation 47.

LIFEBUOYS

1. A lifebuoy shall be of an approved type.

2. A lifebuoy shall be constructed of solid cork evenly formed and securely plugged, or of other equally efficient buoyant material not affected by oil or oil products.

3. Where a lifebuoy is made of plastic or other synthetic compounds, the lifebuoy shall be capable of retaining its buoyant properties and durability when exposed to all weathers on board ship and when in the water.

4. A lifebuoy shall be capable of floating in fresh water for not less than twenty-four hours with thirty-two pounds of iron suspended from it.

5. The inside diameter of a lifebuoy shall be eighteen inches and the outside diameter thirty inches with—

(a) the major axis of the section being six inches; and

(b) the minor axis of the section being four inches.

6. The buoyant material shall be covered with good quality material.

7. The lifebuoy shall be covered with a material with or painted a highly visible colour.

8. The grab lines shall be of good quality unkinkable line, well secured to the cover at four equi-distant points, and shall provide four loops of line each not less than two feet four inches long.

9. The weight of a lifebuoy shall not be less than nine and one-half pounds and shall not exceed thirteen and one-half pounds.

10. A lifebuoy shall not be filled with rushes, cork shavings, granulated cork or other loose granulated material or depend for its buoyancy upon air compartments requiring inflation.

Ninth Schedule

Regulation 57.

Part I.—Line-Throwing Appliances

1. A line-throwing appliance shall be capable of throwing a line in such a manner that the lateral deflection of the line on either side of direction of firing does not exceed ten per centum of the length of flight of the rocket.

2. The appliance shall include four rockets and four lines.

3. Each line shall—

(a) be one-half inch in circumference and of suitable length; and

(b) have a breaking strain of not less than two hundred and fifty pounds.

4. The lines shall be kept ready for use in a container.

5. A suitable flaking board for reflaking the lines shall be provided.

6. The lines and the rockets, with means of igniting them, shall be kept in a watertight case.

7. Each rocket shall be indelibly stamped with the date of manufacture.

8. Unless each rocket is labelled with firing directions, firing directions shall be written on the inside of the lid of the watertight case.

Part II.—Breeches Buoy Equipment

1. The breeches buoy equipment shall consist of—

(a) two lengths of manila rope, one and one-half inches in circumference, one of two fathoms and one of two hundred and forty fathoms, connected by means of swivels to form an endless whip running through a tail block of suitable size, with the whip marked with—

(i) a strip of white bunting tucked in the strands of the two-fathom length of rope midway between the swivels, to indicate the point of attachment for the rocket line; and

(ii) a strip of red bunting tucked between the strands at one hundred and twenty fathoms from the strip of white bunting, to indicate the point of attachment for the breeches buoy;

(b) one breeches buoy (that is, a lifebuoy fitted with canvas sling breeches securely slung) fitted with suitable attachments on each side for securing the eight of the endless whip;

(c) four wooden instruction boards, each about fifteen inches by three and three-quarter inches by three-eighths of an inch, fitted with spliced-in lanyard of small line three feet long, bearing instructions to persons on

Ninth Schedule—continued

shore as to the use of the equipment, two in accordance with item 2 of this Part and two in accordance with item 3 of this Part; and

(d) suitable illustrated instructions for the use of the breeches buoy equipment.

2. Instruction Board 1.

Instructions

To Persons on Shore.

First.—Untie the small line and throw it clear so that it will not tangle the larger rope. Then haul both parts of the loop in together till the slack is ashore.

(Over.)

(No. 1.) [Reverse.]

Second.—When a flag or light is waved on the ship, haul on one part of the loop of rope when a person will be drawn ashore, in a lifebuoy. If unable to haul on one part, try hauling on the other, leaving the first part slack.

Third.—When the lifebuoy is ashore, haul it back to the ship and watch for signal to haul ashore again. Repeat the operation till all persons are landed.

(Over.)

3. Instruction Board 2.

Instructions

To Persons on Shore.

First.—Untie the Hawser (large rope) and fasten the end very securely to a tree, rock, plank buried in sand, or other secure object, at least six feet, if possible, above water level.

(Over.)

(No. 2.) [Reverse.]

Second.—When the Hawser is made fast, let one man separate from the rest and wave an article of clothing, or a light, or piece of burning paper as a signal to the ship. The Hawser will then be set taut on the ship.

Third.—When a flag or light is waved on the ship, haul on one part of the loop of smaller rope when a lifebuoy will come ashore from the ship along the Hawser. If unable to haul on one part, try the other. Repeat till all persons are landed.

Important

Be careful that no turns of the smaller rope are taken around the Hawser.

(Over.)

Tenth Schedule

Regulation 58.

SHIPS’ PARACHUTE DISTRESS ROCKETS

1. A ship’s parachute rocket shall be designed to give a signal consisting of a single bright red star which is projected to the required height by means of the rocket, and which burns while falling, its rate of fall being controlled by means of a parachute to fifteen feet per second.

2. The rocket shall be so designed that—

(a) when the rocket is fired approximately vertically, the star and parachute are ejected at or before the top of the trajectory, at a minimum height of seven hundred and fifty feet;

(b) it is also capable of functioning when fired at an angle of forty-five degrees to the horizontal; and

(c) the star burns with a luminous intensity of twenty-five thousand candelas for not less than forty seconds and burns out at a height of not less than one hundred and fifty feet from the sea level.

3. The parachute shall be of such size as to provide the required control of the rate of fall of the burning star and shall be attached to the star by means of a flexible fireproof harness.

Tenth Schedule—continued

4. The rocket may be ignited by any suitable method, but if external ignition by means of a safety fuse is employed, the outer end of the safety fuse shall be covered with a metal ferrule primed with match composition and a separate striker shall be suitably attached to each rocket.

5. The match composition, the striker composition, the ferrule and the whole of the external surface of the rocket shall be water-proofed.

6. The rocket shall be capable of functioning properly after immersion in water for one minute and removal of the adhering water by shaking.

7. All components, compositions and ingredients of the rocket shall be of such a character and of such a quality as to enable the rocket to maintain its serviceability under good average storage conditions for a period of at least two years.

8. The rocket shall be packed in a metal container hermetically sealed.

9. The date on which the rocket is filled shall be stamped indelibly on the rocket and on the container.

By Authority: A. J. Arthur, Commonwealth Government Printer, Canberra

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