Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations

STATUTORY RULES.

1964. No.34

REGULATIONS UNDER THE NAVIGATION ACT 1912-1961.*

I, THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL in and over the Commonwealth of Australia, acting with the advice of the Federal Executive Council, hereby make the following Regulations under the Navigation Act 1912-1961.

Dated this Sixth

day of March ,1964.

DE L’ISLE

Governor-General.

By His Excellency’s Command,

Minister of State for Shipping and Transport.

NAVIGATION (EXAMINATION OF MASTERS AND MATES) REGULATIONS.

Part I.—Preliminary.

Citation.

1. These Regulations may be cited as the Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations.

Parts.

2. These Regulations are divided into Parts, as follows:—

Part I.—Preliminary (Regulations 1-7).

Part II.—Qualifications for Examination for Certificate as Extra Master (Regulation 8).

Part III.—Qualifications for Examinations for Certificates as Masters and Mates of Foreign-going Ships.

Division 1.—Second Mate of a Foreign-going Ship (Regulations 9-11).

Division 2.—First Mate of a Foreign-going Ship (Regulations 12-16).

Division 3.—Master of a Foreign-going Ship (Regulations 17-21).

Part IV.—Qualifications for Examinations for Certificates as Masters and Mates of Limited Coast-trade Ships.

Division 1.—Second Mate of a Limited Coast-trade Ship Regulations 22-24).

Division 2.—First Mate of a Limited Coast-trade Ship (Regulations 25-27).

Division 3.—Master of a Limited Coast-trade Ship (Regulations 28-32).

* Notified in the Commonwealth Gazette on 6th March , 1964.

2620/63.—Price 5s. 6d. 16/11.2.1964.

Part V.—Qualifications for Examinations for Certificates as Masters and Mates of River and Bay Ships.

Division 1.—Mate of a River and Bay Ship (Regulations 33-35).

Division 2.—Master of a River and Bay Ship (Regulations 36-39).

Part VI.—Examinations (Regulations 40-51).

Part VII.—Certificates (Regulations 52-57).

Repeal.

3. The Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations (being Statutory Rules 1931, No. 20, as amended by Statutory Rules 1932, No. 14; 1933, No. 123; 1934, No. 151; 1935, No. 62; 1938, Nos. 9 and 39; 1941, No. 143; 1942, No. 210; and 1943, No. 236) are repealed.

Easting certificates to continue in force.

4. Notwithstanding the repeal made by the last preceding regulation, a certificate of competency, as described in column 3 of the First Schedule, that was granted under the repealed Regulations and is in force at the commencement of these Regulations continues in force, subject to regulation 52 of these Regulations, as if it were the certificate of competency under these Regulations specified in column 2 of that Schedule opposite to that first-mentioned certificate.

Interpretation.

5.—(1.) In these Regulations, unless the contrary intention appears—

“Australian coastal voyage” means a voyage between places on the Australian coast where the most distant ports visited, by the shortest sea route, are less than one thousand miles apart;

“candidate” means a candidate for an examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency;

“examiner” means a person appointed under regulation 44 of these Regulations to conduct examinations under these Regulations, and includes the Principal Examiner;

“fore-and-aft rigged sailing ship” means a ship, other than a square-rigged sailing ship, that uses sails as the principal means of propulsion, and includes such a ship that is equipped with auxiliary steam or other mechanical power;

“foreign-going voyage” means—

(a) a voyage between places on the Australian coast where the most distant ports visited, by the shortest sea route, are not less than one thousand miles apart;

(b) a voyage between a place or places in Australia and a place or places outside Australia; or

(c) a voyage between a place or places of a country outside Australia and a place or places of another country outside Australia;

“miles” means Admiralty nautical miles;

“naval officer” means an officer in the navy of a Commonwealth country;

“river and bay limits” means the limits of a port, bay or river in Australia;

“sailing ship” means a square-rigged sailing ship or a fore-and-aft rigged sailing ship;

“sea-going voyage” means a voyage extending outside smooth water limits;

“square-rigged sailing ship” means a ship, furnished with square-rigged sails, that uses sails as the principal means of propulsion, and includes such a ship that is equipped with auxiliary steam or other mechanical power;

“the Act” or “the Navigation Act” means the Navigation Act 1912-1961;

“the Ministry of Transport” means the United Kingdom Ministry of Transport;

“the Principal Examiner” means the person for the time being holding or performing the duties of the office of the Commonwealth Principal Examiner of Masters and Mates;

“the repealed Regulations” means the Regulations repealed by regulation 3 of these Regulations.

(2.) A reference in these Regulations to a Schedule by number is a reference to the Schedule so numbered to these Regulations.

(3.) A reference in these Regulations to a form by number is a reference to the form so numbered in the Twelfth Schedule.

Qualifying sea service.

6.—(1.) For the purposes of these Regulations, “qualifying sea service”, in relation to a candidate, means service calculated in accordance with the appropriate part of the Third Schedule that is applicable to him, taking into account the relative value of the capacity in which he performed that service as specified in the Second Schedule, and includes service considered by the Principal Examiner to be the equivalent of the qualifying sea service required under these Regulations for the certificate of competency for which he is a candidate.

(2.) Notwithstanding the provisions of the Third Schedule, qualifying sea service in relation to a candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as master or mate of a river and bay ship may be performed in any class of ship.

(3.) Where a candidate has served a period of qualifying sea service as calculated in accordance with the Third Schedule and, in relation to that qualifying sea service, further qualifying sea service is required as prescribed by that Schedule, the candidate shall not be regarded as having completed his period of qualifying sea service as required by these Regulations for the certificate of competency for which he is a candidate unless he serves that further qualifying sea service.

(4.) A candidate for an examination under these Regulations for a sub-grade of a certificate of competency in the title of which is a reference to a square-rigged sailing ship or a fore-and-aft rigged sailing ship shall, as

part of or in addition to the qualifying sea service required of a candidate for that examination, have performed a period of not less than twelve months’ service in the aggregate in a square-rigged sailing ship or a fore-and-aft rigged sailing ship, as the case requires according to the type of certificate for the examination of which he is a candidate.

(5.) Any testimonials for sea service in a foreign ship shall be confirmed—

(a) by a diplomatic or consular officer of the country to which that ship belonged;

(b) by some other official authority of that country; or

(c) by the testimony of another credible person having personal knowledge of the facts required to be established.

(6.) Sea service by a candidate whose service has been performed in a ship in a capacity other than apprentice, cadet, midshipman, deck boy, ordinary seaman, efficient deck hand, able seaman, quartermaster, boatswain, deck officer or master shall not be regarded as qualifying sea service unless the candidate produces a certificate, satisfactory to the Principal Examiner, from the master of the ship that he performed deck duties in addition to his own particular duties for a reasonable proportion of time each day throughout the whole of the voyage comprising the sea service.

(7.) Service shall not be taken into account for the purpose of calculating qualifying sea service unless the candidate produces a report, certificate or testimonial, satisfactory to the Principal Examiner, testifying to the capacity in which he served and to his ability and general good conduct in the performance of that service.

(8.) Service in a school referred to in the Third Schedule shall not be taken into account for the purpose of calculating qualifying sea service unless the candidate produces a certificate from the school authorities relating to his attendance, conduct and proficiency at the school.

(9.) Where an apprentice, midshipman or cadet, whether bound by indentures or not, is promoted to be an uncertificated junior officer in the same company during his final year as apprentice, midshipman or cadet, his service as such a junior officer shall, for the purpose of calculating his qualifying sea service, be treated as service as an apprentice, midshipman or cadet, as the case may be.

Qualifying watch-keeping service.

7.—(1.) For the purposes of these Regulations, “qualifying watch-keeping service”, in relation to a candidate, means service as an officer in a ship of not less than fifteen tons gross register carrying a duly certificated master while the candidate is in charge, or in effective charge, of a watch with responsibility for the watch for not less than eight hours out of every twenty-four hours’ service claimed, and includes that type of service while occasionally supervised by a senior officer.

(2.) The qualifying watch-keeping service of a candidate shall be calculated in accordance with the appropriate part of the Fourth Schedule that is applicable to him.

(3.) For the purposes of calculating qualifying watch-keeping service under these Regulations—

(a) service next in seniority to the master shall be counted as equivalent to service as first mate; and

(b) service as junior or auxiliary first mate or as first mate under a chief officer shall be counted as equivalent to service as the second of three watch-keeping officers.

(4.) Service in a capacity lower than the first watch-keeping officer on a regular run between neighbouring ports during which less than two watches is kept does not count as qualifying watch-keeping service for a candidate for a certificate of competency as master of a foreign-going ship.

(5.) Service in a sailing yacht, in a power-driven yacht or service in a trawler or other deep-sea fishing vessel or pilot vessel, does not count as qualifying watch-keeping service for a candidate for a certificate of competency as master or first mate of a foreign-going ship.

(6.) Service in a power-driven hopper barge does not count as qualifying watch-keeping service for a candidate for a certificate of competency as master of a foreign-going ship or as master of a limited coast-trade ship.

(7.) Service by an executive officer in the Naval Reserve of a Commonwealth country does not count as qualifying watch-keeping service unless he produces a report on his service from his commanding officer that is satisfactory to the Principal Examiner.

(8.) Service by a candidate for admission to an examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as master or first mate of a foreign-going ship does not count as qualifying watch-keeping service unless—

(a) he produces a certificate of that service in accordance with Form 1, or a certificate considered to be the equivalent by the Principal Examiner, signed by the master of the ship, or masters of the ships, in which he has served during the period of watch-keeping service claimed; or

(b) he is exempted by the Principal Examiner from producing a certificate of his service as provided in the last preceding paragraph.

Part II.—Qualifications for Examination for Certificate as Extra Master.

Prescribed qualifications.

8. For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act, a candidate for admission to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as extra master is required to possess a certificate of competency as master of a foreign-going ship.

Part III.—Qualifications for Examinations for Certificates as Masters and Mates of Foreign-going Ships.

Division 1.—Second Mate of a Foreign-going Ship.

Prescribed qualifications.

9. For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act, the other qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship are the qualifications specified in this Division.

Age of candidates.

10. A candidate shall be not less than twenty years of age.

Qualifying sea service.

11.—(1.) A candidate shall have served a period of not less than four years’ qualifying sea service.

(2.) Notwithstanding anything contained in the last preceding sub-regulation, a candidate who was an apprentice, midshipman or cadet shall be regarded as having served the period of four years’ qualifying sea service under that sub-regulation if he has served on board ship for not less than three-quarters of so much of that period of four years that remains after taking into account any qualifying sea service that was not performed by him at sea.

Division 2.—First Mate of a Foreign-going Ship.

Prescribed qualifications.

12. For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act, the other qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship are the qualifications specified in this Division.

Candidate to have second mate certificate.

13.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, a candidate shall hold a certificate of competency of a foreign-going ship not lower than second mate.

(2.) A candidate from a country other than Australia who obtained from that country a certificate of competency that is, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, equivalent to a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship under these Regulations may, if he is qualified under the provisions of these Regulations other than the last preceding sub-regulation for admission to the examination for a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship, be so admitted to that examination without first being examined in the subjects, other than the subject of English, of the prescribed examination for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship.

Age of candidates.

14. A candidate shall not be less than twenty-one years of age.

Qualifying sea service.

15. A candidate shall have served a period of not less than five years’ qualifying sea service.

Qualifying watch-keeping service.

16.—(1.) Subject to this regulation, a candidate shall have performed as part of his qualifying sea service under the last preceding regulation a period of not less than one year’s qualifying watch-keeping service.

(2.) For the purposes of this regulation and Part I. of the Fourth Schedule, a candidate from a country other than Australia who may be admitted to the examination for a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship under sub-regulation (2.) of regulation 13 of these Regulations shall have obtained watch-keeping experience that is, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, equivalent to qualifying watch-keeping service under the last preceding sub-regulation.

Division 3.—Master of a Foreign-going Ship.

Prescribed qualifications.

17. For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act, the other qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as master of a foreign-going ship are the qualifications specified in this Divison.

Age of candidates.

18. A candidate shall not be less than twenty-three years of age.

Certificates of competency to be held by candidates.

19.—(1.) Subject to this regulation, a candidate shall hold a certificate of competency of a foreign-going ship not lower than first mate.

(2.) A candidate from a country other than Australia who obtained from that country a certificate of competency that is, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, equivalent to a certificate of competency as master of a foreign-going ship under these Regulations may, if he is qualified under the provisions of these Regulations other than the last preceding sub-regulation for admission to the examination for a certificate of competency as master of a foreign-going ship, be so admitted to that examination without first being examined in the subjects, other than the subject of English and the subject of Ship Maintenance, Routine and Cargo Work, of the prescribed examinations for certificates of competency as second mate and first mate of a foreign-going ship.

(3.) A naval officer who is not entitled to a certificate of service and who does not hold a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship may be admitted to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as master of a foreign-going ship if he holds a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship and he is, but for sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation, otherwise qualified for admission to that examination.

(4.) A candidate who has been a master of a limited coast-trade ship for a period of not less than three years but who does not hold a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship may be admitted to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as master of a foreign-going ship if he holds a certificate of competency as master of a limited coast-trade ship (sub-grade A), or as second mate of a foreign-going ship, under the repealed Regulations and he is, but for sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation, otherwise qualified for admission to that examination.

Qualifying sea service.

20. A candidate shall have served a period of not less than seven years’ qualifying sea service.

Qualifying watch-keeping service.

21.—(1.) Subject to this regulation, a candidate shall have performed as part of his qualifying sea service under the last preceding regulation—

(a) a period of not less than two years’ qualifying watch-keeping service whilst holding a certificate of competency of a foreign-going ship not lower than second mate; and

(b) a period of not less than eighteen months’ qualifying watch-keeping service whilst holding a certificate of competency of a foreign-going ship not lower than first mate.

(2.) For the purposes of this regulation and Part I. of the Fourth Schedule, a candidate from a country other than Australia who may be admitted to the examination for a certificate of competency as master of a foreign-going ship under sub-regulation (2.) of regulation 19 of these Regulations shall have obtained watch-keeping service that is, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, equivalent to qualifying watch-keeping service under the last preceding sub-regulation.

(3.) Notwithstanding sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation, a naval officer referred to in sub-regulation (3.) of regulation 19 of these Regulations shall have performed as part of his qualifying sea service under the last preceding regulation a period of not less than three years and six months as qualifying watch-keeping service whilst holding a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship.

(4.) This regulation does not apply to a master of a limited coast-trade ship referred to in sub-regulation (4.) of regulation 19 of these Regulations.

Part IV.—Qualifications for Examinations for Certificates as Masters and Mates of Limited Coast-trade Ships.

Division 1.—Second Mate of a Limited Coast-trade Ship.

Prescribed qualifications.

22. For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act, the other qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as second mate of a limited coast-trade ship are the qualifications specified in this Division.

Age of candidates.

23. A candidate shall be not less than nineteen years of age.

Qualifying sea service.

24. A candidate shall have served a period of not less than three years’ qualifying sea service.

Division 2.—First Mate of a Limited Coast-trade Ship.

Prescribed qualifications.

25. For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act, the other qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as first mate of a limited coast-trade ship are the qualifications specified in this Division.

Age of candidates.

26. A candidate shall be not less than twenty years of age.

Qualifying sea service.

27. A candidate shall have served a period of not less than four years’ qualifying sea service.

Division 3.—Master of a Limited Coast-trade Ship.

Prescribed qualifications.

28. For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act, the other qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as master of a limited coast-trade ship are the qualifications specified in this Division.

Age of candidates.

29. A candidate shall be not less than twenty-three years of age.

Certificates of competency to be held by candidates.

30.—(1.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, a candidate shall hold a certificate of competency of a foreign-going ship not lower than second mate or a certificate of competency as first mate of a limited coast-trade ship.

(2.) A candidate from a country other than Australia who obtained from that country a certificate of competency that is, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, equivalent to a certificate of competency as master of a limited coast-trade ship under these Regulations may, if he is qualified under the provisions of these Regulations other than the last preceding sub-regulation for admission to the examination for a certificate of competency as master of a limited coast-trade ship, be so admitted to that examination without first being examined under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship or second mate or first mate of a limited coast-trade ship.

(3.) A naval officer who is not entitled to a certificate of service and who does not hold a certificate of competency of a foreign-going ship not lower than second mate or a certificate of competency as first mate of a limited coast-trade ship may be admitted to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as master of a limited coast-trade ship if he holds a certificate of competency as second mate of a limited coast-trade ship and he is, but for sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation, otherwise qualified for admission to that examination.

Qualifying sea service.

31. A candidate shall have served a period of qualifying sea service of—

(a) in the case of a naval officer who is not entitled to a certificate of service but who holds a certificate of competency as first mate of a limited coast-trade ship—not less than four years; and

(b) in any other case—not less than five years.

Qualifying watch-keeping service.

32.—(1.) Subject to this regulation, a candidate shall have performed as part of his qualifying sea service under the last preceding regulation a period of not less than one year’s qualifying watch-keeping service.

(2.) For the purposes of this regulation and Part II. of the Fourth Schedule, a candidate from a country other than Australia who may be admitted to the examination for a certificate of competency as master of a limited coast-trade ship under sub-regulation (2.) of regulation 30 of these Regulations shall have obtained watch-keeping experience that is, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, equivalent to qualifying watch-keeping service under the last preceding sub-regulation.

(3.) Notwithstanding the provisions of Part II. of the Fourth Schedule, a naval officer referred to in sub-regulation (3.) of regulation 30 of these Regulations shall have performed as part of his qualifying sea service under the last preceding regulation a period of not less than one year’s qualifying watch-keeping service whilst holding a certificate of competency as second mate of a limited coast-trade ship.

Part V.—Qualifications for Examinations for Certificates as Masters and Mates of River and Bay Ships.

Division 1.—Mate of a River and Bay Ship.

Prescribed qualifications.

33. For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act, the other qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as mate of a river and bay ship are the qualifications specified in this Division.

Age of candidates.

34. A candidate shall be not less than eighteen years of age.

Qualifying sea service.

35. A candidate shall have served not less than three years’ qualifying sea service.

Division 2.—Master of a River and Bay Ship.

Prescribed qualifications.

36. For the purposes of paragraph (c) of section 17 of the Act, the other qualifications that a person is required to possess before being admitted to the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as master of a river and bay ship are the qualifications specified in this Division.

Age of candidates.

37. A candidate shall be not less than twenty years of age.

Qualifying sea service.

38. A candidate shall have served not less than four years’ qualifying sea service of which not less than twelve months shall have been served in the particular river and bay limits in the sub-grade of the certificate of competency for which he is a candidate.

Candidate to have certificate as mate of river and bay ship.

39. A candidate shall have held a position not lower than mate of a river and bay ship in the particular river and bay limits in the sub-grade of the certificate of competency for which he is a candidate for a period of not less than twelve months, unless the Principal Examiner waives this requirement owing to special circumstances.

Part VI.—Examinations.

Prescribed examinations for certificates of competency as masters and mates.

40.—(1.) For the purposes of section 18 of the Act, the prescribed examination for a candidate for a certificate of competency is—

(a) for a certificate of competency as extra master—examination in the syllabus specified in the Fifth Schedule;

(b) for a certificate of competency as master, first mate or second mate of a foreign-going ship—examination in the syllabus specified in the Sixth Schedule for the grade of certificate for which he is a candidate;

(c) for a certificate of competency as master, first mate or second mate of a limited coast-trade ship—examination in the syllabus specified in the Seventh Schedule for the grade of certificate for which he is a candidate; and

(d) for a certificate of competency as master or mate of a river and bay ship—examination in the syllabus specified in the Eighth Schedule for the grade of certificate for which he is a candidate.

(2.) The prescribed examination for the purposes of section 18 of the Act for a certificate of competency as master or first mate of a foreign-going ship to be taken by a candidate who is entitled to be admitted to the examination after having obtained from a country other than a Commonwealth country a certificate of competency that is, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, equivalent to the certificate of competency for which he is a candidate under these Regulations includes—

(a) in the case of a candidate for a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship—examination in the subject of English as set out in Part I. of the Sixth Schedule; and

(b) in the case of a candidate for a certificate of competency as master of a foreign-going ship—examination in the subject of English as set out in Part I. of that Schedule and in the subject of Ship Maintenance, Routine and Cargo Work as set out in Part II. of that Schedule.

(3.) The prescribed examination for the purposes of section 18 of the Act for a candidate for la sub-grade of a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship or second mate of a limited coast-trade ship in the title of which is a reference to a square-rigged sailing ship or a fore-and-aft rigged sailing ship is the examination prescribed by sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation for the certificate of competency for which he is a candidate, and in addition, examination in the syllabus specified in Part I. of the Ninth Schedule in so far as it relates to a square-rigged sailing ship or a fore-and-aft rigged sailing ship, as the case may be.

(4.) The prescribed examination for the purposes of section 18 of the Act for a candidate for a sub-grade of a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship, first mate of a limited coast-trade ship or mate of a river and bay ship in the title of which is a reference to a square-rigged sailing ship or a fore-and-aft rigged sailing ship is the examination prescribed by sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation for the certificate of competency for which he is a candidate, and in addition, examination in the syllabuses specified in Parts I. and II. of the Ninth Schedule in so far as they relate to a square-rigged sailing ship or a fore-and-aft rigged sailing ship, as the case may be.

(5.) The prescribed examination for the purposes of section 18 of the Act for a candidate for a sub-grade of a certificate of competency as extra master, master of a foreign-going ship, master of a limited coast-trade ship or master of a river and bay ship in the title of which is a reference to a square-rigged sailing ship or a fore-and-aft rigged sailing ship is the examination prescribed by sub-regulation (1.) of this regulation for the certificate of competency for which he is a candidate, and in addition,

examination in the syllabuses specified in Parts I., II. and III. of the Ninth Schedule in so far as they relate to a square-rigged sailing ship or a fore-and-after rigged sailing ship, as the case may be.

(6.) The syllabus for each subject or section of an examination specified in the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth or Eleventh Schedule is the syllabus set out in that Schedule in relation to that subject or section.

(7.) An examination in a subject or section, or in a matter included in the syllabus for a subject or section, prescribed in respect of the examination for a certificate of competency may include questions on a corresponding subject, section or matter prescribed in respect of the examination for a certificate of competency of a lower grade and questions on new developments or advancements in that subject, section or matter.

Places of examinations.

41. For the purposes of section 16 of the Act, the prescribed places for the holding of examinations under these Regulations of candidates for certificates of competency are the following ports:—

(a) Sydney;

(b) Melbourne;

(c) Brisbane;

(d) Newcastle;

(e) Port Adelaide;

(f) Fremantle;

(g) Hobart.

Times of, and order of taking, examinations.

42.—(1.) Subject to this regulation, the examinations under these Regulations for certificates of competency shall be held at such times as the Principal Examiner determines.

(2.) Notwithstanding the last preceding sub-regulation, a candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as extra-master or as second mate of a foreign-going ship has the option of taking the subjects of Part A or Part B of the written section of the examination as prescribed by the Fifth Schedule or by Part I. of the Sixth Schedule, as the case may be, separately or in accordance with the timetable determined under that sub-regulation.

(3.) The oral section of the examination prescribed by the Fifth Schedule or by Part I. of the Sixth Schedule may be taken either at the end of the subjects of Part A or Part B of the written section of that examination if the candidate takes them separately as provided in the last preceding sub-regulation.

(4.) A candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as extra master or as second mate of a foreign-going ship who sits for the whole of the written section of his examination at the one time or who, having passed in Part A or Part B of the written section of that examination, sits for the remaining part of that section shall proceed to the oral section of the examination at the time determined by the Principal Examiner.

(5.) A candidate for the signalling section of an examination under these Regulations may sit for that section at any time within a period of six months immediately before or after he presents himself for the written or oral section of the examination.

(6.) A candidate for the first-aid section of an examination as prescribed by the Sixth or Seventh Schedule may sit for that section of the examination at any time not earlier than three years before the time at which he commenced to sit for the written section of the examination.

(7.) A candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship may sit for the radar observer section of the examination prescribed by Part I. of the Sixth Schedule at any time after he has served two years’ qualifying sea service or such less service as is approved by the Principal Examiner.

(8.) A candidate for examination for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship, or second mate, first mate or master of a limited coast-trade ship, shall not proceed to the oral section of the examination prescribed by Part I. of the Sixth Schedule or by the Seventh Schedule, as the case may be, until he has passed in the lifeboatman section of that examination.

(9.) A candidate shall not be examined in the lifeboatman section of the examination prescribed by Part I. of the Sixth Schedule or by the Seventh Schedule unless he is not less than eighteen years of age and has served at sea for not less than six months.

(10.) A candidate for an examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency except that of extra master or that of second mate of a foreign-going ship shall proceed to the oral section of the examination at the time fixed for the holding of the examination in that section whether he has passed or failed in the written section of that examination.

(11.) A candidate who does not proceed to the oral section of an examination under these Regulations as required by the last preceding sub-regulation shall be regarded as having failed in both the oral and written sections of the examination unless the candidate produces to the examiner a medical certificate or other evidence satisfactory to the examiner that it was impossible for him to attend the examination in that oral section.

(12.) An examiner may refuse to admit a candidate to the examination room if the candidate is not in attendance at the time appointed for the commencement of the examination.

Fees.

43.—(1.) The fees for examinations under these Regulations for certificates of competency shall be fixed by the Minister.

(2.) The fee for an examination under these Regulations shall be paid before the candidate sits for the examination.

(3.) Where a person who makes an application to sit for an examination under these Regulations is found on investigation to be ineligible to sit, any fee paid by him under this regulation shall be refunded to him.

Appointment of examiners.

44.—(1.) The Minister may, by instrument in writing, appoint persons to conduct examinations under these Regulations.

(2.) Each instrument of appointment shall specify the kinds of examination that the person so appointed may conduct.

Application for examination.

45.—(1.) An application to sit for an examination under these Regulations shall be made in accordance with a form approved by the Minister to an examiner, being an examiner appointed to conduct examinations of the kind that includes that examination.

(2.) An application shall be accompanied by—

(a) documentary evidence of the candidate’s nationality;

(b) if the candidate is not a British subject—documentary evidence that he has been continuously resident in the Commonwealth since a date at least one year before the date of the examination and that he intends to continue so to reside until at least the date of the examination;

(c) any testimonials, certificates or reports testifying to the capacity in which the candidate served and to his ability, sobriety and general good conduct, signed by the master, owner or properly accredited representative of the ship or ships in which he has served, during—

(i) in the case of an apprentice who is a candidate for the examination for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship—the period of apprenticeship; and

(ii) in any other case—the period of twelve months of his actual sea service,

immediately preceding the date of his application to sit for the examination;

(d) any certificate relating to the candidate’s attendance, conduct and proficiency at a training school approved by the Minister given by the school authorities;

(e) any certificate given by the master of the ship in which the candidate served that he performed deck duties;

(f) a certified copy of the birth certificate of the candidate or other documentary evidence of his age;

(g) any evidence of the candidate’s physical fitness, including the passing of any eye sight tests;

(h) any certificates of discharge, indentures or other evidence to the effect that the candidate has performed the qualifying sea service required by these Regulations of such a candidate;

(i) in the case of a candidate for examination for a certificate of competency as first mate or master of a foreign-going ship— any certificates of watch-keeping service, or reports referred to in sub-regulation (7.) of regulation 7 of these Regulations, that have been issued to him;

(j) any certificate of competency, permit to serve or certificate of service that has been granted to the candidate;

(k) the first-aid certificate (if any) last obtained by the candidate;

(l) in the case of a candidate for examination for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship or for his first certificate of competency of a limited coast-trade ship—

(i) any certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman; and

(ii) any certificate of proficiency as radar observer in merchant ships; and

(m) any verification of any relevant examination results issued to the candidate.

(3.) A person from a country other than Australia who is a candidate for examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship, master of a foreign-going ship or master of a limited coast-trade ship and who obtained in that country a qualification which, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, is the equivalent of the certificate of competency for which he has applied under these Regulations shall, if a period of more than six months has elapsed since he was last employed at sea, produce with his application for the examination testimonials in respect of the period since he was last employed at sea.

(4.) Where a candidate is hard of hearing or suffers from any other physical defect that could interfere with the proper performance of his duties at sea as master or mate of the certificate of competency for which he is a candidate, his testimonials shall state whether the defect did in fact interfere in any way with the proper performance of those duties.

Conduct in examination room.

46. A candidate who conducts himself, in the opinion of the examiner, in an improper manner in the examination room may be removed from that room at any time whether or not he has completed the examination.

Use of books, tables and instruments at examinations.

47.—(1.) The following tables and books shall be supplied at examination rooms:—

Nautical Tables (including logarithm tables)—

Norie’s Nautical Tables by J. W. Norie (full edition).

Nautical Tables by S. M. Burton.

Brown’s completed Burdwood Azimuth Tables.

Star’s True-Bearing or Azimuth Tables by P. L. H. Davis.

Admiralty Tide Tables.

Abridged Nautical Almanac.

(2.) A candidate may, if he so desires, use other tables in an examination under these Regulations if—

(a) before the commencement of the examination, he submits the tables to the examiner for scrutiny and the examiner approves of his using them in the examination;

(b) the tables contain no manuscript or other notes; and

(c) the candidate states in the examination paper the name of the tables and a note of what is actually obtained by him from them.

(3.) Instruments necessary for use in an examination under these Regulations shall be provided by the Commonwealth.

(4.) A candidate may, with the approval of the examiner obtained before the commencement of the examination, use his own drawing instruments and slide rule.

(5.) A candidate shall not—

(a) bring into the examination room any books or papers other than tables and books supplied or permitted to be used under this regulation;

(b) use instruments other than instruments provided or permitted to be used under this regulation without first obtaining the approval of the examiner; or

(c) remove any book, form or instrument belonging to the Commonwealth from the examination room.

Marks required for a pass.

48.—(1.) A candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as extra master or master, first mate or second mate of a foreign-going ship is required to obtain—

(a) in order to qualify for a pass in the written section of the examination—a total number of marks equal to not less than seventy per cent of the total number of marks allotted to all the subjects of the written section of the examination; and

(b) in order to qualify for a pass in any particular subject specified in the Fifth or Sixth Schedule, as the case may be, opposite to the description of which a percentage of the number of marks allotted to that subject is specified—a number of marks equal to not less than that percentage of the number of marks.

(2.) Where a candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as extra master is re-examined in one subject of Part A or Part B of the written section of the examination in accordance with sub-regulation (5.) of the regulation 50 of these Regulations, the candidate is required, in order to qualify for a pass in that subject, to obtain such number of marks as the Principal Examiner determines.

(3.) A candidate for the signalling section of an examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency is required, in order to qualify for a pass in that section, to obtain not less than ninety per cent of the marks allotted in accordance with the Eleventh Schedule to each section of the examination relating to Morse making, Morse reading, semaphore making and semaphore reading.

Degree of accuracy required.

49.—(1.) In making calculations for obtaining a ship’s position or a position line in an examination under these Regulations, a candidate shall be deemed to be correct if he has worked to a degree of accuracy of 0.2 of a minute of an arc and to the nearest second of time and the final result is within 0.2 of a minute of an arc of the exact result.

(2.) In questions in examinations under these Regulations involving obtaining compass errors, bearings and courses, a candidate shall be deemed to have obtained the correct result if he has worked to a degree of accuracy of 0.5 of a degree of the exact result.

(3.) In calculating the correction to apply to soundings in an examination under these Regulations, a candidate shall be deemed to have obtained the correct result if his calculations are to within half a foot of the exact result.

Re-examination after failure.

50.—(1.) A candidate who fails twice, or more often, in the written or oral section of an examination under these Regulations is entitled, if he is otherwise qualified under these Regulations, to sit for re-examination in that section only after the expiration of a period of two months from the date of his last failure.

(2.) A candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship who fails twice, or more often, in Part A or Part B of the written section, or in the whole of the written section, of the prescribed examination is entitled, if he is otherwise qualified under these Regulations, to sit for re-examination in that Part or that section, as the case may be, only after the expiration of a period of two months from the date of his last failure.

(3.) Where a candidate for an examination under these Regulations who has failed twice or more often in the written or oral sections of the examination has served in a ship for a period of not less than six months since his last failure, he shall be regarded for the purposes of the last two preceding sub-regulations as not having failed in that section.

(4.) Notwithstanding any other provision of these Regulations, where the answers of a candidate to questions in the oral section of an examination under these Regulations show, in the opinion of the examiner, a lack of or a serious weakness in practical knowledge, the examiner may determine that the candidate is not entitled to sit for re-examination for such period, not exceeding six months, as the examiner fixes in his case.

(5.) Where a candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as extra master passes in all but one subject of Part A or Part B of the written section of the prescribed examination, the candidate may, at the discretion of the Principal Examiner, be re-examined in that subject within a period of twelve months from the date on which the candidate sat for the examination.

(6.) A candidate who passes at a re-examination in a subject under the last preceding sub-regulation passes in the Part of the written section in which that subject was included, but failure in that re-examination amounts to a failure in that Part.

(7.) A candidate who fails in the first-aid or lifeboatman section of an examination under these Regulations may be re-examined in that section any number of times.

(8.) A candidate for an examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship who fails in the radar observer section of the examination may be re-examined in that section any number of times.

Credits.

51.—(1.) Subject to this regulation, a candidate for an examination under these Regulations who was, immediately before the commencement of these Regulations, entitled to be credited with a pass in a section of an examination under the repealed Regulations is entitled to be credited with a pass under these Regulations in the section that corresponds, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, to that first-mentioned section for a period of six months, or in special cases such longer period, not exceeding twelve months, as the Principal Examiner approves, from the date on which he sat for the examination in that first-mentioned section.

(2.) A candidate for an examination under these Regulations who has passed in a section of the examination for a certificate of competency as extra master, master or first mate or second mate of a foreign-going ship conducted by the government of the United Kingdom, or by a country recognized under a law in force in the United Kingdom, (being a certificate of competency that corresponds to such a certificate of competency under these Regulations) shall be credited with a pass in the section of the examination under these Regulations that corresponds, in the opinion of the Principal Examiner, to that first-mentioned section.

(3.) A candidate for an examination under these Regulations who has passed in a section of the examination for a certificate of competency as master, first mate or second mate of a foreign-going ship as referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation shall be credited with that pass only for a period of six months, or in special cases such longer period, not exceeding twelve months, as the Principal Examiner approves, from the date on which he sat for the examination in that section.

(4.) Subject to the next succeeding sub-regulation, a candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency other than that of extra master who passes in the written, oral or signalling section of the prescribed examination is not entitled to be credited with that pass unless he passes in all of those sections within the period of six months, or in special cases such longer period, not exceeding twelve months, as the Principal Examiner approves.

(5.) A candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship who passes in Part A or Part B of the written section of the prescribed examination is entitled to be credited with that pass for a period of six months, or in special cases such longer period, not exceeding twelve months, as the Principal Examiner approves, from the date on which he sat for the examination in that section.

(6.) A candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency other than that of extra master who passes in the written, oral and signalling sections of the prescribed examination within the period referred to in sub-regulation (4.) of this regulation is entitled to be credited with passes in those sections notwithstanding a previous or subsequent failure in the first-aid, radar observer or lifeboatman section of the examination.

(7.) A person who passed in the first-aid section of the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency is entitled to be credited with a pass in the first-aid section of the examination for another certificate of competency if he passed in the first-aid section not earlier than a period of three years before the time at which he commenced to sit for the written section of the examination for the other certificate of competency.

(8.) A person who passes in the lifeboatman section of an examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency is entitled to be credited with a pass in the lifeboatman section of the examination for another certificate of competency for which he is a candidate.

(9.) A candidate for the examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as extra master who passes in Part A or Part B of the written section, or in the oral section, of the prescribed examination is entitled to be credited with that pass and is exempted from further examination in that section but, subject to sub-regulation (6.) of the last preceding regulation and to the next two succeeding sub-regulations, he is not entitled to be credited with passes in individual subjects in those sections.

(10.) A candidate for an examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as extra master who has, before the commencement of these Regulations, passed in the subjects included in Part I. of the written section of the examination for a certificate as extra master as prescribed by regulation 145 of the repealed Regulations is entitled to be credited with a pass in the subjects of Part B of the written section of the examination prescribed by the Fifth Schedule except the subject of Theoretical Naval Architecture and Hydrostatics as prescribed by that Schedule.

(11.) A candidate for an examination under these Regulations for a certificate of competency as extra master who has, before the commencement of these Regulations, passed in Part II. of the written section of the examination for a certificate as extra master as prescribed by regulation 145 of the repealed Regulations is entitled to be credited with a pass in the subjects of Part A of the written section of the examination prescribed by the Fifth Schedule, and in the subject of Theoretical Naval Architecture and Hydrostatics as prescribed by that Schedule.

Part VII.—Certificates.

Sub-grades and values of grades of certificates of competency.

52.—(1.) For the purposes of sub-section (1.) of section 15 of the Act, each grade of certificate of competency specified in column 1 of the First Schedule is divided into sub-grades relating to—

(a) in the case of a certificate of competency as extra master, master, first mate or second mate of a foreign-going ship—the type of foreign-going ship to which the certificate relates as specified in column 2 of that Schedule opposite to that grade;

(b) in the case of a certificate of competency as master, first mate or second mate of a limited coast-trade ship—the type of limited coast-trade ship to which the certificate relates as so specified in that Schedule, the prescribed limits of voyages of limited coast-trade ships prescribed by the Navigation (Limited Coast-Trade Voyages) Regulations and, if the certificate was issued under the repealed Regulations and is continued in force under regulation 4 of these Regulations, the tonnage of the ship as prescribed for that certificate under the repealed Regulations; and

(c) in the case of a certificate of competency as master or mate of a river and bay ship—the type of river and bay ship to which the certificate relates as so specified in that Schedule, the river and bay limits and, if the certificate was issued under the repealed Regulations and is continued in force under regulation 4 of these Regulations, the tonnage of the ship as prescribed for that certificate under the repealed Regulations.

(2.) Subject to the limits as to voyages and tonnage of ships as provided in the last preceding sub-regulation, the holder of a certificate of competency of a sub-grade distinguished by a number in column 2 of the First Schedule or of a corresponding certificate of competency specified in column 3 of that Schedule shall, for the purposes of sub-section (2.) of section 15 of the Act, be deemed to be the holder of a certificate of competency of any other sub-grade specified in column 4 of that Schedule opposite to the sub-grade of certificate which he holds by reference to a number specified in column 2 of that Schedule which distinguishes that other sub-grade.

Certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman.

53. A candidate who passes the lifeboatman section of the examination prescribed by the Tenth Schedule shall be issued with a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman, in accordance with Form 2, granted by the Minister.

Form of certificate of competency.

54. For the purposes of section 18 of the Act, a certificate of competency shall be in accordance with Form 3.

Form of permit to serve.

55. For the purposes of section 18a of the Act, a permit to serve shall in accordance with Form 4.

Change of certificate.

56.—(1) The holder of an uncancelled and unexpired certificate of competency as master or mate issued under a State Act before the first day of January, 1924, may surrender it for the certificate of competency under the Act to which it most closely corresponds.

(2.) A certificate of competency granted under the last preceding sub-regulation is valid only for the purpose for which, and the extent to which the surrendered certificate was valid, and shall be endorsed accordingly.

Fee for duplicate certificate or permit.

57. A person shall not be issued with a certified copy of a certificate of competency or permit to serve under section 21 of the Act unless he pays the fee fixed by the Minister in respect of the matter for the purposes of this regulation or the Minister determines that that fee is not payable by that person.

THE SCHEDULES.

FIRST SCHEDULE.

Regulations 4 and 52.

GRADES AND RELATIVE VALUES OF CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY.

First Schedule—continued.

First Schedule—continued.

First Schedule—continued.

SECOND SCHEDULE.

Regulation 6.

RELATIVE VALUES OF CAPACITIES IN WHICH CANDIDATES PERFORMED SERVICE COUNTING TOWARDS QUALIFYING SEA SERVICE.

Second Schedule—continued.

THIRD SCHEDULE.

QUALIFYING SEA SERVICE.

Part I. Regulation 6.

Qualifying Sea Service for Candidates for Master or Mate of Foreign-going Ship.

Third Schedule—continued.

Part I.—continued.

Third Schedule—continued.

Part I.—continued.

Third Schedule—continued.

Part II.

Qualifying Sea Service for Candidates for Master or Mate of Limited Coast-trade Ship.

Third Schedule—continued.

Part II.—continued.

Third Schedule—continued.

Part III.

Qualifying Sea Service for Candidates for Master or Mate of River and Bay Ship.

FOURTH SCHEDULE.

QUALIFYING WATCH-KEEPING SERVICE.

Regulation 7.

Part I.

Qualifying Watch-Keeping Service for First Mate and Master of a Foreign-going Ship.

Fourth Schedule—continued.

Part I.—continued.

Fourth Schedule—continued.

Part II.

Qualifying Watch-keeping Service for Master of a Limited Coast-trade Ship.

FIFTH SCHEDULE.

Regulation 40.

SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION FOR CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY AS EXTRA MASTER.

The syllabus for any given subject includes the syllabus for that subject (if any) for certificates of competency of lower grades as prescribed by these Regulations.

Written Section.

part a.

1. Commercial and Legal Knowledge—One 3-hour paper. 250 marks, 50% pass.

(a) The law relating to registry, masters and seamen, passenger and emigrant ships as it concerns the shipmaster. Safety of ships of Classes I. and VII. as classified in the Merchant Shipping (Life-saving Appliances) Rules and ships of Classes I. and II. as classified in the Navigation (Life-saving Appliances) Regulations; special shipping inquiries and courts covered by the Merchant Shipping Act and by the Navigation Act; delivery of goods; carriage of goods by sea; wreck and salvage; pilotage; oil pollution. Content of “M” notices issued by the Ministry of Transport.

(b) The general management of ship’s business, documents and procedure with Customs and Mercantile Marine Offices as they concern the shipmaster.

(c) Charter parties. The contract, performance of the contract; bills of lading; liability of shipowners; demurrage; freight; lien; damages.

(d) Marine insurance. Different kinds of marine policies; the slip; insurable interest; disclosures and representations; express and implied warranties; meanings of the terms and clauses used in marine insurance policies; total loss—actual and constructive; abandonment; general average; particular average; the “memorandum”; York-Antwerp Rules.

(e) Administration and working of ports. Use of quays, sheds, warehouses, docks and waterside termini. Cranes and their use—steam, electric, hydraulic, mobile, including floating coaling apparatus, mineral and grain elevators. Other appliances used in cargo handling. Graving docks. Floating docks.

2. Ship Construction and Maintenance—One 3-hour paper. 250 marks, 50% pass.

(a) Types of ships in relation to strength, form and construction. Materials used in ship construction with a knowledge of their properties, uses and limitations. Annealing and testing of materials.

(b) Maintenance of structure and equipment, including modern methods of combating corrosion.

(c) Construction. A comprehensive knowledge of the various members of construction together with their functions and the methods employed in connecting them to other parts of the structure.

(d) Types of welding processes, viz., oxy-acetylene, resistance, electric arc welding.

(e) Types of weld (butt, fillet); details of butt, seam and lap joints; forms of weld (intermittent, chain intermittent, staggered intermittent). Lloyds’ requirements in respect of these.

(f) Advantages and disadvantages of welding. The common faults, such as lack of penetration, porosity. Tests for welded joints and materials. Welding sequences, fabrication.

(g) General ideas on subdivision relating to length of watertight compartments. (h) Fire protection and warning systems.

(i) Shipyard procedure. A general knowledge of the practices followed from drawing office to completed ship, including launching.

(j) Repairs on account of damage and wastage. Emergency repairs.

(k) Load line. Assigning authorities, surveys, certificates. A general knowledge of the conditions of assignment of freeboards and of the factors affecting the computation of freeboards.

Fifth Schedule—continued.

Syllabus for Examination as Extra Master—continued.

(l) Tonnage. A knowledge of the general principles governing the assessment of British tonnage. Suez and Panama Canal certificates.

(m) British classification societies. Their functions and requirements as regards construction and survey of steel ships.

(n) Trials. The conducting of speed and manœuvrability trials.

3. Chart Construction and Marine Surveying—One 3-hour paper. 250 marks, 50% pass.

(a) The candidate will be required to produce two completed chart frameworks certified as his own work. These shall consist of—

(i) A Mercator chart on a scale of 1:500,000 (at latitude of 62° 00′) between latitude 61° 20′S. and latitude 62° 40′S. and between longitude 73° 00′E. and longitude 77° 00′E. The chart must show a short length of hypothetical coast line and not less than two depth contours. All buoys, wreck, light and other symbols and all printing must conform to current Admiralty chart practice. Spheroidal meridional part tables are to be used to determine the latitude scale.

(ii) A plan, scale 1:25,000, not less than 12 inches by 12 inches overall, embracing a point of reference in 51° 10′ 55″N., 17° 08′ 38″W. The plan shall be graduated in minutes and tenths for latitude and longitude and shall also have an inserted scale of miles and cables. No topographical details will be required. Assume 6,083 feet per minute of latitude and 3,825 feet per minute of longitude.

This work must be executed in ink and all relevant calculations must be included with each chart. Each chart must bear the legend “I certify that this chart is my own unaided work”, and must be signed and dated by the candidate.

In the event of failure in this paper or in Part A of the written section as a whole, the candidate will be required to produce an additional chart which may be either (i) or (ii) above at each subsequent attempt. These charts will be sent to the Principal Examiner for examination and approval. Candidates should, in their own interests, submit these charts as early as possible before the date of the examination.

(b) The theory and construction of charts on Mercator’s principle. Candidates will be asked to construct such a chart and plot points or to expand a given diagram or block. This work may be executed in pencil.

(c) Hydrographic surveying. The framework of the survey, triangulation, surveying marks, traverses, heights and levelling, plotting sheet, soundings, coastlining, topography, tides and tidal streams, surveying out of sight of land, running surveys, sketch surveys, surveys of a river, searching for reported dangers. Methods of fixing shore positions in connection with hydrographic surveying. An understanding of the principles of the instruments used, but not a detailed knowledge, will be required.

4. Meteorology, Oceanography and Economic Geography—One 3-hour paper. 250 marks, 50% pass.

(a) Meteorology.

(i) The atmosphere, variations in pressure, density and temperature; humidity, saturation, dew point, lapse rates, potential temperature; stability and instability, turbulence; movement of air masses, convection, radiation, wind, including upper wind.

(ii) Forecasting and its organization; general weather synopsis, the frontal theory, the formation and movement of depressions and other weather systems, cloud development, super-cooled water, formation of fog and mist, rain, hail, snow, thunderstorms.

(iii) Climatology; the various types of climate; the general distribution of meteorological elements and their effects on climate, seasonal changes, insolation, prevailing winds; local weather characteristics treated generally.

Fifth Schedule—continued.

Syllabus for Examination as Extra Master—continued.

(iv) Formation of ice, floating ice, ice limits. Ice patrol and observation services.

(b) Oceanography.

General characteristics of the seas: ocean deeps, surface temperature, density, salinity, oceanic circulation.

(c) Economic Geography.

(i) The geographical and economic factors determining world production and the exchange of goods, transport and world trade.

(ii) Principal products and their sources of supply—

Food: cereals, meat, dairy produce, fish, fruit, sugar, vegetable oils, tea and coffee.

Raw materials: timber, rubber, sulphur, iron and steel, coal, salt, ores, oils and their products, textile plants and wool.

Manufactured goods: industrial production; trade in manufactured goods.

PART B.

5. Mathematics—One 4-hour paper. 200 marks, 50% pass.

(a) Theory of quadratic equations and limits of the function for real values of the variable. Problems involving quadratic equations.

(b) Transformation of equations y = axb and y = abx to straight line graphs. Determination of constants from experimental data.

(c) Properties of hyperbolae of navigational importance.

(d) Trigonometrical functions of compound and multiple angles of any magnitude. Transformation of sums of trigonometrical functions into products, and vice versa. Plane trigonometrical problems in two or three dimensions.

(e) The geometrical properties of the sphere and spherical triangles. Proofs of the following formulae:—cosine, sine, four-part, haversine, Napier’s rules and area in terms of spherical excess. The polar triangle. Solution of right-angled quadrantal and oblique spherical triangles.

(f) The theory of the stereographic projection.

(g) Derivation of formulae used in the compilation of short method navigational tables.

(h) Areas and volumes of plane and solid figures. Simpson’s rules for curvilinear figures.

(i) The use of the binomial theorem for positive, negative and fractional real indices. Approximations.

(j) Use (without proof) of the expansions of sin x, cos x and ex. Approximation. Limits.

(k) Gradient of a line, the differential coefficient, rate of change. Differentiation of a function, a function of a function, a product and a quotient (including trigonometrical, inverse trigonometrical and logarithmic functions). Application to problems on rates of increase, small errors and maxima and minima.

(l) The idea of integration as a summation. The definite integral. Integration between limits. Standard integration of simple algebraic and trigonometrical functions. Simple exercises in integration by parts, by substitution and by utilizing partial fractions. Application of integration to areas and volumes of simple figures, e.g., circles, spheres, cones, &c., including areas under simple curves (e.g., parabolic and curves with simple equations such as y = x (1+x2)) and volumes of solids of revolution by the x-axis of these simple curves. Approximate integration by Simpson’s rules. (Questions will not be asked on lengths of curves, on the area of surface of solids of revolution about an axis, on hyperbolic functions, on integration by successive reduction or on differential equations.)

(m) Systematic and random errors. Calculation of mean and standard deviation of a large sample. Standard error and confidence limits of the mean.

Fifth Schedule—continued.

Syllabus for Examination as Extra Master—continued.

6. General Physics—One 4-hour paper. 200 marks, 50% pass.

(a) Statics.

(i) Composition and resolution of forces. Parallel forces. Moments and couples. Conditions for equilibrium under coplanar forces. Stress, strain, Hooke’s law (including Young’s modulus of elasticity), shearing forces and bending moments of simply supported beams and cantilevers under vertical point loads and uniformly distributed loads over the whole or part of the span.

(ii) Centres of gravity of laminae and solids. Stables and unstable equilibrium.

(iii) Simple machines and calculations thereon with or without friction.

(iv) Boyle’s law. Barometer. Pressure gauges. Hydraulic press. Simple piston-type water pumps.

(b) Dynamics.

(i) Composition and resolution of velocities and accelerations. Relative velocity. Mass. Weight. Newton’s laws of motion. Motion under gravity. Work, power, kinetic and potential energy. Momentum. Conservation of momentum. Direct impacts; coefficient of restitution.

(ii) Motion in a circle. Simple harmonic motion. Simple pendulum. Vibration of a mass at the end of an elastic string. Newton’s laws applied to rotation, i.e., the relation between moment of inertia, applied couple and angular acceleration. Angular momentum. Kinetic energy of rotation.

(c) Heat and Temperature.

(i) Transference of heat; conduction, convection and radiation, Newton’s laws of cooling. Thermal conductivity; emissivity; thermometry, temperature scales.

(ii) Coefficient of linear, superficial and volume expansion of solids, liquids and gases; change of state; the triple point.

(iii) Specific heat, latent heat and thermal capacity. Superheat. Charles’ law; isothermal and adiabatic expansion and compression of gases: refrigeration.

(iv) Heat as a form of energy; mechanical equivalent of heat.

(v) Vapour pressure; hygrometry; dew point and relative humidity.

(d) Light.

(i) The laws of reflection. Reflection at plane and spherical mirrors. Formation of real and virtual images.

(ii) The law of refraction; index of refraction; critical angle; total internal reflection. Real and apparent depth. Prisms. Thin lenses. Formation of images by lenses. Description of achromatic lenses.

(iii) The refracting and reflecting telescope; prism binoculars; sextant; azimuth mirror.

(iv) Intensity of illumination, candle power and lumen.

(v) Velocity of light. Light waves. The visible spectrum. Dispersion. Rainbows and coronae. Mirages and looming.

(e) Sound.

Production and propagation of sound, frequency, wave length, velocity. Principle of siren. Effect of temperature and wind on the transmission of sound. Factors influencing velocity in air and water. Reflection, echoes. Beats. Doppler effect.

7. Magnetism and Electricity—One 4-hour paper. 200 marks, 50% pass.

(a) Magnetism.

(i) Magnetic properties of materials, induction, susceptibility and permeability. Magnetic effects of electric currents including calculations.

(ii) Terrestrial magnetism. Dip, total force, horizontal force and vertical force. Effects on the deviation of the compass accompanying change in the values of these elements. Variation.

Fifth Schedule—continued.

Syllabus for Examination as Extra Master—continued.

(iii) Ship’s magnetism. Hard and soft iron. Permanent, sub-permanent and induced magnetism. Components P,Q,R; the rods a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, k. The approximate coefficients A, B, C, D, E. Heeling error. Lambda, Lambda two and Mu.

(iv) General principles of compass correction. Methods of finding, and compensating a compass for, the various components which might cause deviation, including the effects of heel and trim.

(v) Compensation by use of the Kelvin deflector. Principle of the deflector method and information which can be deduced from readings obtained.

(vi) The siting and lining up of compasses with due regard to the proximity of magnetic material, electrical devices and other disturbing influences.

(vii) The theory of degaussing in ships fitted with M coils and compass compensation by means of B and heeling error coils.

(viii) Swinging ship and the analysis of a deviation table.

(b) Electricity.

Candidates will be expected to show a full knowledge of the ground covered for the examination for certificates of competency as master and first mate of a foreign-going ship. In addition, questions will be set calling for a knowledge of the following:—

(i) D.C. circuits.

(A) Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications.

(B) Measurement of resistance by simple bridge method. Principle of Megger and its use.

(C) Principles of electrolysis; concept of the principles of cathodic protection.

(D) A qualitative treatment of the effect of inductance in a D.C. circuit.

(E) A qualitative treatment of the charge and discharge of a condenser in a resistive circuit.

(ii) D.C. motors and generators.

(A) Simple relationships between speed, field-strength, induced e.m.f., armature current and torque. Behaviour of shunt, series and compound-wound machines. The concept of power losses in a machine; efficiency. Simple starter for D.C. shunt-wound motor. Voltage control of shunt-wound dynamo.

(B) The magnetic relay as exemplified in simple shunt motor starter with no-volt and overload releases.

(iii) A.C. motors and generators.

The principles of rotating armature, rotating field and inductor type generators and induction motors.

(iv) A.C. circuits.

(A) Peak, average and root mean square values of sinusoidal alternating voltages and currents.

(B) A quantitative treatment of the effect of resistance, inductance and capacitance in a series A.C. circuit; reactance.

(C) Simple examples of vector treatment of combinations of resistance, inductance and capacitance in a series A.C. circuit; impedance, resonance.

(D) Power in an A.C. circuit; power factor.

(v) High frequency circuits.

(A) The fundamental principles of heterodyne and superheterodyne reception.

Fifth Schedule—continued.

Syllabus for Examination as Extra Master—continued.

(B) Principles of suppression of radio-interference from electrical equipment.

(C) An elementary knowledge of the principles of directional aerials. The interpretation of the horizontal polar diagram, as exemplified in the case of the simple loop aerial and radar aerial.

(D) A concept of the meaning of the term “aerial gain” and a knowledge of the use of the decibel as a unit used in the measurement of relative power.

(E) The causes of fixed and variable errors to which navigational aids, used in British chips, are subject.

8. Theoretical Naval Architecture and Hydrostatics—One 3-hour paper. 200 marks, 50% pass.

(a) Density; specific gravity; flotation; buoyancy,

The hydrometer. Archimedes’ principle; centre of pressure; fluid pre sure and its relation to total thrust, Stability of floating bodies. Calculation of the centre of pressure by the common rules.

(b) Volumes and areas.

The theory and applications of the common rules to determine the waterplane and cross-sectional areas and displacement of a vessel, the centre of buoyancy and the centre of flotation.

(c) Moments of Inertia.

The determination of longitudinal and transverse moment of inertia of a waterplane.

(d) Transverse stability.

(i) The general proof of B.M. = Applications of this formula to box-shaped and ship-shaped vessels. Attwood’s formula for statical stability.

(ii) Proof of “wall-sided” formula,   and its application to angle of loll of unstable ship and heel due to shifting a weight transversely in a vessel with zero G.M.

(iii) Theory and calculations in connection with the admission of water especially applied to increase in draught owing to bilging of box-shaped vesse’s; permeability; effect of free surface; and heel due to admission of water in a side compartment.

(e) Longitudinal stability.

Proof of the formula for M.C.T. 1″. Calculations involving change of trim owing to movement of weight or weights longitudinally; addition of weights; bilging of compartments; change of density of water in which ship floats (C.F. not vertically above C.B.); and problems involving draught when C.F. is not at mid-length (correction for layer).

(f) Drydocking.

(i) An appreciation of, and calculations involved in, change in stability conditions up to point when vessel is borne by the blocks; change in stability conditions after waterlevel falls; and draught at which ship becomes unstable.

(ii) A knowledge of precautions to be taken.

(g) Stresses and strains, bending moments and shearing forces.

A knowledge of stresses and strains experienced by ships. An understanding of the “curves of loads”, “curves of shearing force” and “curves of bending moments” of floating vessels.

(h) Stability data.

A comprehensive knowledge of the uses of all kinds of hydrostatic, stability and stress data supplied to ships.

(i) Rolling of ships.

Unrestricted rolling in still water. A non-mathematical knowledge of rolling amongst waves.

Fifth Schedule—continued.

Syllabus for Examination as Extra Master—continued.

9. Navigation and Navigational Aids—One 3-hcur paper. 200 marks, 50% pass,

(a) The “cocked hat” and errors with astronomical and terrestrial position lines.

(b) Terrestrial refraction. Dip and distance of sea and shore horizons.

(c) Derivation of the formulae and use of the following:—Ex meridian tables. Pole star corrections and tables. A, B and C tables. Rates of change of azimuth and altitude. Maximum and meridian altitudes. Longitude by equal altitudes, The equation of equal altitudes. Connection between errors in altitude, longitude, latitude and hour angle. Position lines when altitude is very large. Rising and setting of sun and moon, twilight. Theory of the sextant and sextant vernier. Sextant corrections (collimation, centring error, sextant parallax, use of artificial horizons and back angles). Formulae and their derivation for parallax and augmentation of moon’s semi-diameter. Use of radio D/F position lines, curve of constant bearing and proof of convergency. Shape of the earth. Geocentric and geographic latitude, middle latitude. Equation of time and its components. Apparent motion of sun, moon and planets. Sidereal, synodic and nodical periods, Saros cycle. General ideas of precession and nutation. Different measurements of years, months and days. A general knowledge of ecliptic limits. Elementary knowledge of Kepler’s laws. Star magnitudes. Content of Abridged Nautical Almanac.

(d) Description and use of all apparatus used to safeguard navigation in the open sea and coastwise, including radar and radio aids, radio direction finding and sonic sounding gear.

(e) Theory of tides; tidal prediction; tide tables and their use; tidal streams, abnormal tides.

(f) Theory of the gyroscope and the gyroscopic compass. A sound theoretical and practical knowledge of the Brown or Sperry M.N. type compass, including ballistic control, methods of damping, follow up and repeater system, ballistic deflection, course and speed error, rolling errors.

Oral Section.

The candidate will be examined orally in the seamanship syllabus of the examination for a certificate of competency as master of a foreign-going ship as prescribed in the oral section of Part III. of the Sixth Schedule and he will be expected to reach a higher standard in his answers than a candidate for that master’s certificate,

Signals do not form part of the examination. The candidate shall not be examined orally on the syllabus for the written section of the examination.

SIXTH SCHEDULE.

Regulation 40.

SYLLABUSES FOR EXAMINATIONS FOR CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY AS MASTERS AND MATES OF FOREIGN-GOING SHIPS.

PART I.—SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION AS SECOND MATE OF A FOREIGN-GOING SHIP.

Written Section.

part A.

1. Principles of Navigation—One 2-hour paper. 150 marks, 50% pass.

In this paper candidates may be asked to draw a figure reasonably to scale and to state the projection used. Candidates will be required to have a general understanding of the following (without reference to any tables or book on navigation):—

(a) The shape of the earth. Poles. Equator. Meridians, parallels of latitude. The position of a place fixed by its latitude and longitude. Direction, bearing, distance, units of measurement. Difference of latitude, difference

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part I.—Syllabus for Examination as Second Mate of a Foreign-going Ship—continued.

of longitude, departure, middle latitude and meridional difference of latitude and the relationships between them. Great and small circles on a sphere. Shortest distance on the surface of a sphere between two points.

(b) The celestial sphere, celestial poles, celestial meridian above and below poles, celestial equator, celestial horizon, zenith, prime vertical, circles of altitude.

(c) Solar system. The movement of the earth and other heavenly bodies. Mean sun. Ecliptic. First point of Aries. Declination. Sidereal hour angle. Azimuth. Rising and setting of heavenly bodies. Length of day and night. Twilight. The position of a heavenly body on the celestial sphere both with and without reference to the observer, i.e. azimuth with altitude or declination with sidereal hour angle or local hour angle. Recognition of stars of the first magnitude by reference to the principal constellations.

(d) Time, Greenwich and other standard times. Mean time. Apparent time. Sidereal time. Equation of time. Relationship between longitude and time.

(e) Hour angle of a heavenly body in time and in arc. Greenwich hour angle of sun, moon, planets and Aries. Sidereal hour angle of a star.

(f) Correction of sextant altitudes. Dip. Refraction, horizontal parallax, parallax in altitude, semi-diameter and augmentation.

(g) Geographical position of a heavenly body. A circle of position on the earth and its practical application, i.e. position line. Intercept.

(h) Magnetic meridian. Variation and deviation.

(i) The simple properties of a Mercator chart. Longitude and latitude scales. The measurement of distance. Rhumb lines. Meridianal parts.

(j) Chronometers. Management and care, winding, rating and comparing.

2. Chart Work and Pilotage—One 2-hour paper. 200 marks, 70% pass.

(a) Given the variation and a table of deviations, to convert true courses into magnetic and compass courses, and vice versa. To find the compass course and distance between two positions. The effect of current on speed. Allowance for leeway. Given compass course steered, the speed of the ship and the direction and rate of the current to find the true course made good. To find the course to steer, allowing for a current.

(b) To fix the ship’s position on a chart by simultaneous cross bearings, bearing and range, or by wireless cross bearings applying the necessary corrections. To fix the ship’s position by bearings of one or more objects with the run between, allowing for a current and to find the distance at which the ship will pass a given point. To fix the ship’s position by horizontal sextant angles.

(c) The use of clearing marks and horizontal and vertical danger angles.

(d) To find the time and height of high and low water at a standard port (Admiralty Tide Tables). The use of tables or diagram to find the height of tide at any given time and thence the approximate correction to be applied to soundings or to charted heights of shore objects.

(e) Candidates will be examined orally as part of this subject on the information given on a chart or plan, particularly about buoys, lights, depths and nature of bottom, contour lines, tides and tidal streams. Recognition of the coast. The intelligent use of sailing directions. Chart correction.

3. Practical Navigation—One 3-hour paper. 200 marks, 70% pass.

(a) Practical problems on plane, parallel, and Mercator sailing.

(b) The use of the traverse tables to obtain position of the ship at any time, given compass courses and errors and the run recorded by log or calculated by time and estimated speed, allowing for the effects of wind and current, if any.

(c) To find the latitude by meridian altitude of the sun or a star. Latitude by an observation of Polaris.

(d) From an observation of the sun or star near the meridian to find the position line and the latitude through which it passes in a given longitude.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part I.—Syllabus for Examination as Second Mate of a Foreign-going Ship—continued.

(e) To determine the position line and a position through which it passes from an observation of the sun or a star out of the meridian.

(f) To find the ship’s position at the time of the second observation by use of position lines obtained from two different observations, and thence the noon position if required.

(g) To find the true bearing of the sun or star and the deviation of the compass for the direction of the ship’s head.

PART B.

4. General Ship Knowledge—One 3-hour paper. 200 marks.

(a) The names of the principal parts of a ship; general ideas on ship construction. The candidate will be expected to show his practical acquaintance with longitudinal and transverse framing, beams and beam knees, watertight bulkheads, hatchways, rudders and steering gear, shell plating, double bottoms and bilges, stern frames, propellers and propeller shafts, stern tubes, sounding pipes, air pipes and general pumping arrangements. The stiffening and strengthening to resist panting and pounding. Cause and prevention of corrosion in a ship’s Structure.

(b) The meaning of the terms “block coefficient”, “displacement” and “deadweight”. Use of displacement and tons per inch scales to determine weights of cargo, &c., from draughts. Effect of density of water on draught. Fresh water allowance. The laws of floating bodies. The meaning of the terms “buoyancy” and “reserve buoyancy”. General understanding of centre of gravity and centre of buoyancy and the effect of adding or removing weights. Metacentric height. The danger of slack ballast tanks.

(c) Rigging a ship for loading and discharging cargo and the use of derricks, winches and cranes. The stowage and dunnaging of cargoes including bulk cargoes. Protection against damage by sweat. Bulk oil cargoes. Calculations of capacities taken up by part cargoes and of space remaining. Conversion of weight measurement of cargo into space measurement, and vice versa. Elementary ideas on the making and use of cargo plans. Ventilation systems of holds and tanks.

(d) The names and functions of various parts of a ship’s lifeboat. The types of construction. Capacity, buoyancy and number of persons. Care and maintenance of lifeboat equipment, lifebuoys, lifejackets, line throwing appliances, fire appliances, lights and sound signals.

5. Mathematics—One 2-hour paper. 150 marks, 50% pass.

(a) Algebra.

Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, law of indices, insertion and removal of brackets. Simple equations—problems. Development of formulae, transposition and evaluation. Simultaneous equations of the first order involving two unknowns—problems. Simple factors. Fractions. The solution of the quadratic equation. Graphs. Axes of reference. Co-ordinates. Construction and reading of graphical diagrams, e.g. weather statistics and displacement curves. Problems on graphs. The ideas of ratio, proportion and variation and the application to simple problems.

(b) Common Logarithms.

The practical use of logarithms to base 10; their use in simple calculations involving multiplication, division, simple powers and roots.

(c) Mensuration.

Areas and perimeters of rectangle, triangle and circle. Volumes and surface areas of box-shaped bodies, cylinders, wedges and spheres. Practical applications, e.g. weight of general cargo of various shapes; volumes of holds, bunkers and tanks; weight of contents.

(d) Practical Geometry.

The construction of plane triangles. Congruence of triangles. The right-angled triangle. Exterior angle equal to the sum of the interior opposite angles. Sum of angles in a triangle. Similar triangles and

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part I.—Syllabus for Examination as Second Mate of a Foreign-going Ship—con tinned.

ratio of corresponding sides. Parallel lines and transversal. Properties of circles, chords and tangents. Angle in a semi-circle; angles subtended by chord of a circle. Forces, resultant forces and their components. The vector diagram.

(e) Trigonometry.

Measurement of angles. Circular measure. Trigonometrical ratios up to one complete revolution. Haversine. Simple relationship between ratios. Complementary and supplementary angles and their ratios. Simple identities. Solution of right-angled and oblique-angled triangles, including practical problems. The use of the traverse tables for solution of right-angled triangles. Elementary properties of spherical triangles. Solution of spherical triangles (given three sides or two sides and the included angle). Solution of right-angled and quadrantal spherical triangles.

6. Electronic and other Aids to Navigation—One 3-hour paper. 150 marks, 50% pass.

(a) Radar.

(i) An elementary understanding of the basic principles of radar, including range and bearing measurement, pulse transmission and reception, measurement of short time intervals by means of a cathode ray tube, methods of aerial rotation and synchronization; production of the heading marker, calibration rings, variable range marker and the electronic cursor; propagation of radar waves and factors within the set itself which affect performance.

(ii) An understanding of the display and its controls particularly in obtaining best results. Siting precautions and the possibilities of interference with other devices. Functioning of a radar set as illustrated by block diagrams.

(iii) Interpretation of the display. Limitations of radar. Comparison of radar vision and ordinary vision and the value of clear weather practice. Effect of the earth’s curvature; the effect of wavelength on maximum range; the effect of size, shape, aspect and composition of the target on detection range. The factors affecting minimum range, range discrimination and bearing discrimination. The characteristics of echoes likely to be of value. The causes and dangers of shadow areas, blind arcs and reduced signal arcs. The causes, characteristics and dangers of reflections from the ship’s superstructure, false and indirect echoes, multiple echoes, side lobes and interference. The detection of movement.

(iv) The effects of weather on radar performance and display, including wave clutter, precipitation of all types, fog, mist, smoke and dust or sand in suspension. The detection range and echo characteristics of ice of all types and the intelligent use of radar in ice. The effects of horizontal and vertical temperature distribution upon radar propagation. Non-standard propagation, including propagation ducts. The characteristics of second trace returns.

(v) The use of radar in position fixing with particular reference to the use of range and bearing and the application of plotting methods; the effect of topography on off-shore fixing; the comparison of range scales with chart scales and the methods of chart comparison. Radar aids, such as corner reflectors, ramarks and racons.

(vi) The use of radar as a collision warning. Difference between true motion and relative motion. Recognition of the collision hazard. A clear understanding of the necessity for following a proper plotting procedure when using radar as an anti-collision device. The ability to plot and make intelligent use of the information made available by plotting. An appreciation of the limitations and inaccuracies inherent in plotting. A knowledge of the

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part I.—Syllabus for Examination as Second Mate of a Foreign-going Ship—continued.

methods of plotting available including the use of plotting aids. Radar plotting terms. An appreciation of the responsibilities of a radar-equipped vessel.

(vii) The purpose and contents of a radar log.

(viii) Periodic checks which should be carried out, including the routine checking of performance; the proper use of an echo box or performance monitor; the correct centring of the display.

(ix) Correct procedure for switching on and off, adjusting display controls and an appreciation of the effects of maladjustment.

(x) The correct use of additional circuits, including the sensitivity-time control (S.T.C.) circuit; the differentiating circuit or fast-time constant (F.T.C.) circuit; the expand centre circuit.

(xi) Knowledge of the true motion display, including an elementary knowledge of how the true motion display is achieved; the effects of not having the equipment correctly adjusted; the effects of tidal streams or current; the effects of off centring; use of the electronic cursor and the mechanical cursor; the effects of the range scale; the effects of gyro stabilization; the method of assessing the collision hazard, including the aspect, course, speed and closest approach of a target vessel.

(b) Logs.

Operation and care of logs, including the Walker’s Log, Pitometer Log and Chernikeef Log.

(c) Sounding Machines.

(i) Use and care of deep sea sounding machines and leads, including an understanding of the principles involved.

(ii) Use and care of echo sounding machines, including a simple understanding of the principles involved; a simple appreciation of the errors to which echo sounders are subject; an understanding of the effects of aeration.

(d) Magnetic Compass.

(i) Use and care of the magnetic compass. Construction of the binnacle and compass bowl and the names of the various parts. Construction of dry and wet cards. Location and names of correctors.

(ii) An appreciation of magnetic and non-magnetic materials and their possible effects on the compass.

(iii) Construction and use of azimuth mirrors. Procedure for checking the accuracy of azimuth mirrors.

(iv) Construction and use of the pelorus.

(e) Gyro-compass.

(i) An elementary knowledge of the use and care of the Sperry and Brown types of gryo-compasses, including the procedure for starting and stopping; routine oiling and checking; routine operational checks; the application of latitude and speed corrections.

(ii) The naming of gyro error and the application to convert true courses and bearings to gyro courses and bearings, and vice versa.

(f) Sextant.

(i) A full knowledge of the construction and use of the sextant, including the optical principles involved in the construction of a sextant.

(ii) Error of perpendicularity, side error and index error and the methods of finding and correcting them.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part I.—Syllabus for Examination as Second Mate of a Foreign-going Ship—continued.

(iii) Elementary ideas on centring error, graduation error, collimation error, sextant parallax.

(iv) Elementary principles of the vernier and micrometer.

(g) Chronometer.

Knowledge of the use and care of chronometers, including a knowledge of the various types of radio signals available.

(h) Radio Direction Finding.

An operational knowledge of the use of ship’s radio direction finding equipment, including a knowledge of the errors to which it is subject.

(i) Decca.

An operational knowledge of the use of Decca, including the procedure for setting up and checking the operation of decometers; the proper use of lane identification; the dangers and effects of lane slippage; the variation of accuracy within a Decca pattern.

(j) Loran.

An elementary knowledge of Loran.

(k) Consol.

An operational knowledge of the use of Consol, including the procedure for obtaining a fix.

7. English—One 1½-hour paper. 100 marks, 50% pass.

The paper will be designed to test the candidate’s ability to write clear and grammatical English with due attention to spelling, legibility and neatness. It will be in no sense a test of technical knowledge. This paper may consist of an essay, a précis or an exercise in letter writing.

Oral Section.

Sub-section 1.

(a) Rigging of ships. Strength of ropes including wire ropes. Rigging purchases of various kinds and knowledge of power gained by purchases. Knotting and splicing with strict reference to current practice. Seizings, rackings, chain stoppers, &c.,

(b) Sending topmasts up and down.

(c) Bending, setting and taking in lifeboat sails. Management of boats under oars or sail and in heavy weather. Beaching or landing. Coming alongside.

(d) Helm orders. Conning the ship. Effects of propellers on the steering of a ship. Stopping, going astern and manoeuvring. Turning a steamship short round. Emergency manoeuvres. Man overboard.

Sub-section 2.

(a) Marking and use of ordinary lead line.

(b) Use and upkeep of mechanical logs and sounding appliances.

(c) Use and upkeep of engine room and other telegraphs.

(d) Rocket and line throwing apparatus.

Sub-section 3.

(a) Anchors and cables and their use and stowage. Bringing a ship to a single anchor in an emergency.

(b) Knowledge of use and maintenance of deck appliances and steering gear.

(c) The use of life-saving appliances.

(d) The use of fire appliances including smoke helmet.

Sub-section 4.

(a) Preparations for getting under way. Duties prior to proceeding to sea, making harbour, entering a dock. Coming alongside and securing to a buoy, with special reference to the after end of a ship.

(b) Keeping an anchor watch. Dragging anchor.

(c) Duties of officer of the watch. Use of compass to ascertain risk of collision.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part I,—Syllabus for Examination as Second Mate of a Foreign-going Ship—continued.

Sub-section 5.

(a) A full knowledge of the content and application of the international rules for preventing collisions at sea, including the additions to the rules as agreed upon by the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea 1960 to take account of the use of radar by vessels navigating in restricted visibility, and the Annex to the rules giving recommendations on the use of radar information as an aid to avoiding collisions at sea. (Candidates will not be placed in the position of handling a sailing ship, but will be expected to recognize a sailing ship’s lights and to have a knowledge of her possible manoeuvres according to the direction of the wind.)

(b) Distress and pilot signals; penalties for misuse.

(c) British uniform system of buoyage: wreck marking system.

(d) A knowledge of the contents of the Annual Summary of the Admiralty, or Australian Department of the Navy, Notices to Mariners.

Sub-section 6.

(a) To read and understand a barometer, thermometer, hydrometer and hygrometer (being instruments of a type used on ships).

(b) To use an azimuth mirror, pelorus (bearing plate) or other instrument for taking bearings.

(c) To use a sextant for taking vertical and horizontal angles; to read a sextant both on and off the arc.

(d) To correct a sextant into which has been introduced one or more of perpendicularity, side or index errors.

(e) To find the index error of a sextant.

(f) To check chronometers by signal made by buzzer or other method; to compare two chronometers.

Sub-section 7.

To use a radiotelegraph automatic keying device as for unskilled persons in an emergency.

Sub-section 8.

(a) A knowledge of conditions involving the loading, discharging, ballasting and gas-freeing of tankers and safety precautions to observe during these operations.

(b) Avoidance of pollution of the sea by oil.

Sub-section 9.

The examiner may ask the candidate any questions arising out of the written work as he considers necessary.

Lifeboatman Section.

The examination for a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman prescribed by the Tenth Schedule or the examination for a certificate, considered the equivalent by the Minister, granted by a Commonwealth country.

Signalling Section.

To send and receive signals in semaphore, Morse code by flash lamp, and in the International Code of Signals for Visual and Sound Signalling, in accordance with the provisions of the Eleventh Schedule.

First-aid Section.

The examination for a certificate of proficiency in “first-aid” set by a body approved for the purpose of these Regulations by the Minister.

Radar Observer Section.

The examination for a certificate of proficiency as radar observer set by a school approved for the purpose of these Regulations by the Minister.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

PART II.—SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION AS FIRST MATE OF A FOREIGN-GOING SHIP.

Written Section.

1. Ship Construction and Stability—One 3-hour paper. 200 marks, 50% pass.

(a) A general knowledge of the principal structural members of a ship. The proper names of the various parts. Midship sections of single deck, tween-deck and shelter deck ships and bulk oil carriers. Functions, construction and stiffening of watertight bulkheads, including collision bulkhead. Stern frame and stem and how secured. Rudders and the methods of attachment. Construction, stiffening and closing arrangement of hatchways. Hawse-pipes and how secured. Rivets and riveting. Testing a line of rivets. Testing of tanks and other watertight work.

(b) Stresses and strains in ships in a seaway or due to loading and ballasting. A knowledge of those parts of a ship specially strengthened to withstand such stresses, or where damage by excessive corrosion is liable to occur.

(c) Ability to set out in a clear manner a report on damage sustained during a voyage.

(d) Buoyancy and reserve buoyancy. The righting couple when a ship is inclined by external force. Transverse and longitudinal metacentres. Metacentric height. Initial stability and its limitation to small angles of inclination. The computation of areas by Simpson’s first and second rules and the five-eight rule.

(e) Determination of centre of gravity of a ship in a new condition, the centre of gravity in the old condition being given. The effect on the position of the centre of gravity of adding, removing or shifting weight. Stiff and tender ships.

Change in stability during a voyage. Effect of a shift of cargo or solid ballast.

The danger of “free surface” of liquids (without proofs or calculations).

(f) Change of trim (M.C.T. 1” and C.F. given).

(g) Use of stability curves and data supplied to a ship.

2. Chart Work and Pilotage—One 2-hour paper. 150 marks, 70% pass.

In addition to the syllabus for Chart Work and Pilotage of the examination for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship, candidates may be asked questions on the following—

(a) Distance of sighting lights; distance from a point of land of known height.

(b) Construction and use of a line of soundings. The use of a single position line in approaching the coast. The use of wireless beacons.

(c) Finding the times and heights of high and low water at a secondary port (Admiralty Tide Tables) by the use of tidal differences.

(d) The reliability of charts. Selection of suitable points for bearings. Approaching an anchorage and entering narrow waters. Landfalls in thick and clear weather.

(e) The use of a gnomonic chart, the transfer of a great circle or composite track from such a chart to a Mercator chart and the use of lattice charts.

As a part of this subject, a candidate may be examined orally on any part of this syllabus.

3. Practical Navigation—One 3-hour paper. 200 marks, 70% pass.

This paper may include questions on the syllabus for Practical Navigation of the examination for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship, extended to include the moon and planets.

(a) Calculation of the approximate time (to the nearest minute) of the meridian passage of a heavenly body; calculation of an approximate altitude for setting the sextant to obtain the meridian altitude of a heavenly body. Finding the latitude by the meridian altitude of a heavenly body.

(b) Finding the direction of the position line and a position through which it passes from an observation of a heavenly body near or out of the meridian.

(c) Obtaining the ship’s position by the combination of any two observations with or without run.

(d) Calculating the initial course and the distance on a great circle or composite great circle track between two positions and determining one or more positions on the track.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part II.—Syllabus for Examination as First Mate of a Foreign-going Ship—continued.

4. Meteorology—One 2-hour paper. 100 marks.

(a) The principles of the barometer, mercurial and aneroid marine mercurial barometer. How to read and reduce the readings to standard datum. The use of the Gold slide. Barograph.

(b) The principles of the thermometer and hygrometer and their uses at sea.

(c) The principle and use of the hydrometer.

(d) A knowledge of the distribution of mean pressure and the prevailing winds and current systems of the globe. Relationship between pressure distribution and wind. Buys Ballot’s Law.

(e) The characteristics of, and weather associated with, the principal pressure systems, e.g. anticyclones, depressions. Permanent and semi-permanent anticyclones and depressions and their effects, e.g. trades, monsoons.

(f) Tropical revolving storms, their localities, seasons and tracks. Rules for avoiding tropical storms. Use of barometric observations at a single station in conjunction with weather signs.

(g) Water vapour in the atmosphere, evaporation, condensation, precipitation, meaning of saturation, relative humidity, formation of clouds, fog and mist.

(h) Anabatic and katabatic winds. Land and sea breezes.

(i) The Beaufort wind scale and weather notation in use at sea. Methods of estimating direction and force of wind at sea.

(j) A knowledge of the types of weather messages adopted by the International Meteorological Organization which are available to shipping. Coding and decoding messages contained in Parts V. and VI. of Weather Messages for Shipping in the International Meteorological Code.

5. Ship Maintenance, Routine and Cargo Work—One 3-hour paper. 200 marks, 50% pass.

(a) Keeping a ship’s log (mate’s log).

(b) Organization of crew for routine, maintenance and emergency duties.

(c) Inspection and maintenance of the ship and her equipment, e.g. bulkheads, double bottoms, deep tanks, bilges, pipelines, strums, rudder, anchors and cables and steering gear. Drainage of holds and tanks. Drydocking routine.

(d) Properties and uses of paints and other protective covering. Scaling and painting. Treatment of wood-work. Cement work.

(e) Indents and stores. Repair lists.

(f) Simple calculations of stresses in spans, derricks, topping lifts, &c., Strength of ropes and chains. Various types of ropes, wire ropes, slings and their uses. Purchases and power gained.

(g) Use and maintenance of cargo working gear and the organization of cargo work. A knowledge of the law relating to the safe use of cargo gear. General principles of cargo stowage and handling, e.g. dunnaging, ventilation and slinging. The carriage of special cargoes, such as refrigerated cargoes, steel rails, liquids in bulk, deck cargoes and timber deck cargoes, bulk stowage. The use of shifting boards. Separation. Precautions to be taken with solid ballast. Ventilation of different type of cargoes. Sweat—its cause and prevention.

(h) Given a cargo list, to stow a hold or holds, making a rough stowage plan, having regard to stability, behaviour of vessel in a seaway, damage and contamination of cargo, and accessibility at optional ports of discharge.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part II.—Syllabus for Examination as First Mate of a Foreign-going Ship—continued.

6. Elementary Magnetism, Electricity and the Gyro-compass—One 2-hour paper. 150 marks.

(a) Magnetism.

(i) A simple magnet. Poles of a magnet. The law of attraction and repulsion. The molecular theory of magnetism as applied to ferro-magnetic materials. The conception of magnetically “hard” and “soft” iron. The shape of the magnetic field around a magnet. The meaning of the terms “intensity of magnetization”, “magnetic susceptibility” and “permeability”. (No mathematical formulae will be required.)

(ii) The earth’s magnetic field. The earth’s magnetic poles. Magnetic equator. The earth’s total magnetic force. Angle of dip. Horizontal and vertical components. Magnetic variation. (No mathematical formulae will be required.)

(iii) The effect of constraining a compass needle to the horizontal plane. The effect of introducing a disturbing force into the vicinity of a compass needle.

(iv) The care and maintenance of different types of ships’ compasses.

(b) Electricity.

(i) A simple conception of the electronic theory. Current, difference of potential, resistance and their units. Ohm’s law. Effect of an electric current—heating effect; chemical effect; magnetic effect. Power. The simple cells, primary and secondary. Field due to a current. Field of a current carrying solenoid and the effect of introduction of ferro-magnetic material into such a field. Magneto-striction.

(ii) The electric motor. Measuring instruments—moving coil and moving iron. Electro-magnetic induction. Movement of a conductor in a field. Variation in magnitude of a field. Effect of make and break of a current. Induction coil. Unit of inductance. Dynamo principle—simple commutator.

(iii) Electro-static field. Unit of capacity. Condensor or capacitor.

(iv) Fuses, switches and simple ships’ circuits. Use of measuring instruments. How to measure current and voltage.

(v) Principal symbols used in diagrams.

(c) Gyro-compass.

A simple non-mathematical treatment of the following:—

The principle of the free gyroscope. The effect of the earth’s rotation. Tilt and drift. Precession. Gravity control. Damping.

Oral Section.

Sub-section 1.

(a) Shifting large spars and rigging sheers.

(b) The handling of heavy weights with special reference to strength of gear used.

(c) Use and care of all deck and above deck appliances and fittings—winches, capstans, windlasses, emergency steering gear, and fittings used between anchor and cable locker. Hoisting in boats.

(d) A knowledge of the law relating to the safe use of cargo gear.

Sub-section 2.

Anchors—different kinds; advantages and disadvantages of each. Cables and their care. Preparations for anchoring. Operation of anchoring with single anchor and use of second anchor. Clearing a foul anchor. Mooring. Clearing a foul hawse. Anchoring in a tideway and in a confined space. Slipping a cable. To carry out an anchor with boats. Getting under way.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part II.—Syllabus for Examination as First Mate of a Foreign-going Ship—continued.

Sub-section 3.

(a) Coming alongside of a wharf, &c. Manoeuvring in rivers and harbours. Effects of current, wind, shallows and draught on manoeuvring.

(b) Management of steamships in stormy weather. Means to employ to keep a vessel, disabled or unmanageable, out of the trough of the sea and lessen her lee drift.

(c) To take a cast of the deep sea lead.

Sub-section 4.

(a) An outline knowledge of the regulations concerning lifesaving appliances, fire appliances, musters and drills.

(b) Accidents, e.g. collision, running aground, accidents to hatches, leaks, fires and their treatment. Running repairs. Handling a disabled ship.

(c) A practical knowledge of the screening of ship’s navigation lights.

(d) Preparations for drydocking and undocking. Use of shores, bilge blocks and bilge shores.

Sub-section 5.

(a) A full knowledge of the content and application of the international rules for preventing collisions at sea, including the additions to the rules as agreed upon by the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea 1960 to take account of the use of radar by vessels navigating in restricted visibility, and the Annex to the rules giving recommendations on the use of radar information as an aid to avoiding collisions at sea. Recognition of a sailing ship’s lights and a knowledge of her possible manoeuvre, according to the direction of wind.

(b) Distress and pilot signals; penalties for misuse.

(c) British uniform system of buoyage; wreck marking system.

(d) A knowledge of the contents of the Annual Summary of the Admiralty, or Australian Department of the Navy, Notices to Mariners.

Sub-section 6.

Radar—its limitations; visibility of different objects; false and multiple echoes; methods of plotting; problems involving plotting; mechanical aids to plotting.

Sub-section 7.

(a) A knowledge of conditions involving the loading, discharging, ballasting and gas-freeing of tankers and safety precautions to observe during these operations.

(b) Avoidance of pollution of the sea by oil.

(c) The requirements to keep records under the Imperial Act known as the Oil in Navigable Waters Act and under the Pollution of the Sea by Oil Act 1960.

Sub-section 8.

The Examiner may ask the candidate any questions arising out of the written work as he considers necessary.

Signalling Section.

1. To send and receive signals in semaphore, Morse code by flash lamp, and in the International Code of Signals for Visual and Sound Signalling, in accordance with the provisions of the Eleventh Schedule.

2. The practical use of the shipborne wireless direction finder; a knowledge of its limitations and conditions that affect its accuracy; an understanding of the terms Class A, B and C when qualifying a bearing supplied by shore wireless direction finder station.

First-aid Section.

The examination for a certificate of proficiency in “first aid” set by a body approved for the purpose of these Regulations by the Minister.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

PART III.—SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION AS MASTER OF A FOREIGN-GOING SHIP.

Written Section.

1. Ship Construction and Stability—One 3-hour paper. 200 marks, 50% pass.

(a) A fuller knowledge of ship construction than is required for lower grades of certificates. The scrieve board and its uses. Bending slab and methods of bending. General structure. Keels, framing, stem, stern frame and rudder post, transverse and longitudinal girders, centre through plates, keelsons and intercostals, double bottoms, side stringers, shell plating, bulkheads, deep tanks, pillars, propeller brackets, rudders. Superstructures. Masts and derricks.

(b) Types of vessels, e.g. general traders and bulk oil carriers. Strength and construction in relation to their trade.

(c) Classification of ships. Surveys. General ideas of tonnage measurement. Freeboard and a general outline of conditions of assignment.

(d) Immediate treatment of accident damage—collision, bad weather, stranding. General ideas on welding in ship repair work. Drawing up of simple specifications. The direction of simple repairs.

(e) A fuller knowledge of stability than is required for the examination for a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship. Simple calculations involving volumes, moments and effects of free surface of liquids. (Proofs of formulae will not be required.) Effects of bilging and flooding compartments. Permeability. Trim and moment to change trim. Stability and trim when grounding. The inclining experiment. Effect of beam and freeboard on stability. Practical operations to ensure ship stability at sea—deck cargoes, homogeneous cargoes, suspended weights and cargoes liable to shift. Dangers of a ship with a heavy list and precautions when righting. Management of ballast tanks. Ballasting.

2. Magnetic and Gyro-compass—One 3-hour paper. 200 marks, 50% pass.

A more detailed knowledge of the elementary principles of magnetism than is required for the examination for a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship.

(a) The inverse square law, simple problems involving unit poles. The field strength, magnetic moment of a magnet, the period of a suspended magnet vibrating in the earth’s field.

(b) Magnetic compass. The method of determination and compensation by means of components of the effects of the ship’s magnetic field on the magnetic compass. The approximate coefficients A, B, C, D and E and their use. Conditions which might produce coefficients A and E. Constants Lambda and Mu. The ship’s multiplier. Methods of obtaining a table of deviations. Analysis of a table of deviations to obtain approximate coefficients. To determine the deviation caused by the ship’s permanent magnetism or induced magnetism, or both, in vertical soft iron by means of observations taken in two widely separated magnetic latitudes.

(c) General principles of compass correction and the method of correction for coefficients B, C and D. The cause and effect of retentive magnetism and Gaussin error. Siting of compasses with particular reference to the proximity of magnetic material and electrical appliances. Heeling error, its cause, effects and the method of correction. Effect of heeling error magnets on soft iron correctors.

(d) Gyro-compass.

(i) A fuller knowledge of the theory than that required for the examination for a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship, but mathematical proofs will not be required.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part III.—Syllabus for Examination as Master of a Foreign-going

Ship—continued.

(ii) Course and speed error. Correction for latitude. Ballistic deflection and its relation to course and speed error. Rolling error and how it is minimized. The principal parts of a gyro-compass and the repeating system. The more important fundamental differences in the construction of the better known types of gyro-compasses and the methods used to eliminate or allow for the principal errors.

3. Practical Navigation—One 3-hour paper. 200’ marks, 70% pass.

(a) A short recapitulation in Navigation on the syllabus for the examinations for certificates of competency as second mate and first mate of a foreign-going ship, which may include Chart Work and Pilotage.

(b) The Admiralty method of tidal predictions and the use of harmonic constants (Admiralty Tide Tables).

4. Shipmaster’s Business—One 2-hour paper. 150 marks, 50% pass.

The legal knowledge required will not go beyond the outline of the Merchant Shipping Act, the Navigation Act, the Imperial Act known as the Oil in Navigable Waters Act, the Pollution of the Sea by Oil Act 1960 and the mercantile law that a shipmaster must know in order to conduct the business of a ship.

(a) Registration of ships. The Certificate of Registry and its legal significance.

(b) Certificates and other documents required to be carried in a ship, how they are obtained, and the period of their legal validity. Suez and Panama Canal Certificates.

(c) Engagement, discharge and management of a ship’s crew. Manning qualifications. Ship’s articles of agreement. Wages and other remuneration. Discipline and treatment of offences, Fines and forfeitures. Deserters, deceased seamen, engagement of substitutes.

(d) The official log book and the law relating to entries.

(e) Crew accommodation.

(f) Hygiene of ships, living spaces, holds, &c. Water. Fresh and preserved food. Procedure required on board in cases of infectious disease, illness or accident. Quarantine procedure. Fumigation.

(g) Entering and clearing ship.

(h) Loadline marks and their general and seasonal use. Entries and reports to be made respecting freeboard and draught.

(i) The safety of the ship, crew and passengers. Assistance of vessels in distress and salvage. Duties in case of collision and accident.

(j) The law relating to the reporting of ice, derelict and other dangers to navigation and tropical revolving storms. Compulsory and non-compulsory pilotage.

(k) The meaning of the terms “passenger ship” and “emigrant ship”.

(l) A general knowledge of shipping practice and documents with particular reference to charter parties and bills of lading, and an understanding of their principal clauses, e.g. freight, deviation, always afloat, ice, lay-days, demurrage, despatch. Protests. Certificate of seaworthiness. A simple knowledge of the law relating to carriage of cargo and the shipowners’ liabilities and duties.

(m) A knowledge of the more important clauses contained in a policy of marine insurance. The meaning of “average”. Particular average. General average. Procedure in the case of general average. Procedure at a port of refuge. Lloyd’s agents.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part III.—Syllabus for Examination as Master of a Foreign-going Ship—continued.

5. Elementary Engineering and Electricity, including Electronic Navigational Aids— One 3-hour paper. 150 marks.

(a) Engineering.

(i) The meaning of general engineering terms: sensible heat, latent heat, saturated steam, super heated steam, work and power, horse power, propeller pitch, slip.

(ii) A simple knowledge of types of marine boilers; coal and oil fire furnaces; procedure for raising steam; the action of the reciprocating steam engine, turbine machinery and diesel engines; procedure when warming up, turning, starting, stopping and reversing engines.

(iii) The use of the condenser, evaporator and hot well. Use of circulating, air, feed, bilge, and ballast pumps. Valve chests.

(iv) Fuel consumption and economical speeds. Estimation of minimum fuel consumption to complete a given voyage. Simple slip problems.

(v) A simple knowledge of the types of refrigeration systems used on board ships.

(b) Electricity.

(i) The simple alternator. Alternating current. Frequency, phase relationship between two alternating quantities. Effects of inductance, capacity and resistance. Resonance. Tuned circuits. The power transformer. The simple telephone and microphone.

(ii) R.F. oscillations. Radiation of electro-magnetic waves in free space —frequency, velocity and wave length and their relationship. Reception of electro-magnetic waves. Effects of the ionosphere— ground wave, sky wave.

(iii) Thermionic valves. Thermal emission. Diode valve—use as a rectifier. Triode valve—use as voltage amplifier and use as simple oscillator.

(iv) Cathode ray tube—A fuller knowledge of the construction and action of a cathode ray tube than is required for the examination for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship, including electro-static and electro-magnetic methods of deflection and the production of the time base in a cathode ray tube.

(c) Electronic Navigational Aids.

(i) A fuller knowledge of radar than is required for the examination for a certificate of competency as second mate of a foreign-going ship, including the operational aspects of harbour control radar.

(ii) The general principles underlying hyperbolical navigation. Fundamental differences between various systems.

(iii) A general knowledge of ship wireless telegraphy direction finding; rotating loop and goniometer systems. Maximum and minimum signals; sense. Quadrantal error. Calibration. Sunset and sunrise effects. Land effects. A general knowledge of shore-based wireless telegraphy directional systems.

(iv) The general principles of echo sounding. Methods of transmission. Timing device. The receiver. Methods of recording. Reliability of indications.

6. Meteorology—One 2-hour paper. 100 marks.

In addition to the syllabus for Meteorology of the examination for a certificate of competency as first mate of a foreign-going ship;

(a) The principal cloud types.

(b) Simple ideas of air masses and fronts.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part III.—Syllabus for Examination as Master of a Foreign-going Ship—continued.

(c) Adiabatic changes in the atmosphere. Stability and instability.

(d) The frontal theory of the formation of depressions.

(e) To construct a synoptic chart (excluding fronts) from a number of coded groups as given in Parts V. and VI. of Weather Messages for Shipping in the International Meteorological Code.

(f) To decode groups as given in the international analysis code (Part IV. of the Weather Messages for Shipping in the International Meteorological Code) and draw the weather map.

(g) The use of a synoptic chart or weather map for deducing the probable weather and anticipated changes at a specified point or points.

(h) The main types of floating ice and their origin. General ideas of distribution and seasonal movements. Navigation in the vicinity of ice.

(i) General points to consider in the selection of ocean routes.

Oral Section.

Sub-section 1.

(a) Exceptional circumstances. Loss of rudder; shifting a damaged rudder. Construction of jury rudders. Making and launching of rafts. Collision. Leaks. Damage of all kinds. Running repairs and precautions in case of accidents. Grounding—methods of refloating. Beaching a vessel. Steps to be taken when disabled and in distress.

(b) Preservation of crew and passengers in the event of wreck. Abandoning a wrecked ship. Rockets and rocket apparatus. Communications with the shore.

(c) Assisting a vessel in distress. Rescuing crew of a disabled ship.

(d) Towing and being towed.

(e) Bad weather manoeuvres. Precautions at anchor and at sea. Use of oil. Anchoring and working anchors and cables in all circumstances. Approaching rivers and harbours and manoeuvring in them.

(f) Drydocking. General procedure and precautions to be observed. Distribution of weight. Drydocking with full cargo for inspection of propellers or shafting. Bilge blocks. Leaving the vessel water borne. Putting into port with damage to ship or cargo, both from business and technical points of view. Safeguarding of cargo.

(g) Prevention of fire at sea. Spontaneous combustion. Full knowledge of the use of fire appliances and the precautions to be taken in their use. Special reference to the extinguishing of oil fuel fires.

(h) Methods of fumigating holds and living spaces and safeguards in applying them.

(i) General organization of ship’s work and hand1ing and training of crew. A knowledge of training facilities available to members of the crew.

(j) Compensation and adjustment of compasses. Demonstrations tested by Beall’s Compass Deviascope or Instructional Binnacle.

Sub-section 2.

(a) A full knowledge of the content and application of the international rules for preventing collisions at sea, including the additions to the rules as agreed upon by the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea 1960 to take account of the use of radar by vessels navigating in restricted visibility, and the Annex to the rules giving recommendations on the use of radar information as an aid to avoiding collisions at sea. Recognition of a sailing ship’s lights and a knowledge of her possible manoeuvres according to the direction of the wind.

(b) Distress and pilot signals; penalties for misuse.

(c) British uniform system of buoyage; wreck marking system.

(d) A knowledge of the contents of the Annual Summary of the Admiralty, or Australian Department of the Navy, Notices to Mariners.

Sixth Schedule—continued.

Part III.—Syllabus for Examination as Master of a Foreign-going Ship—continued.

Sub-section 3.

Radar—its limitations; visibility of different objects; false and multiple echoes; methods of plotting; problems involving plotting; mechanical aids to plotting.

Sub-section 4.

(a) A knowledge of conditions involving the loading, discharging, ballasting and gas-freeing of tankers and safety precautions to observe during these operations.

(b) Avoidance of pollution of the sea by oil.

(c) The requirements to keep records under the Imperial Act known as the Oil in Navigable Waters Act and under the Pollution of the Sea by Oil Act 1960.

Sub-section 5.

The Examiner may ask the candidate any questions arising out of the written and practical work as he thinks necessary.

Signalling Section.

To send and receive signals in semaphore, Morse code by flash lamp, and in the International Code of Signals for Visual and Sound Signalling, in accordance with the provisions of the Eleventh Schedule.

First-aid Section.

The examination for a certificate of proficiency in “first-aid” set by a body approved for the purpose of these Regulations by the Minister.

SEVENTH SCHEDULE.

Regulation 40.

SYLLABUSES FOR EXAMINATIONS FOR CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY AS MASTERS AND MATES OF LIMITED COAST-TRADE SHIPS.

PART I.—SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION AS SECOND MATE OF A LIMITED COAST-TRADE SHIP.

Written Section.

1. English—One half-hour paper.

To show to the satisfaction of the examiner that the candidate is able to read and write English and to spell correctly.

2. Arithmetics-One 1-hour paper and one 2-hour paper.

Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, involving the use of money, length, avoirdupois and time, including decimals.

3. Chart Work—One 3-hour paper.

As part of this subject, a candidate may be examined orally on any part of this syllabus.

(a) Given the variation and a table of deviations, to convert true courses or bearings into magnetic and compass courses or bearings, and vice versa; to find on a chart or plan the course or courses to steer and the distance on each course from one given position to another; to find the ship’s position, together with the set and drift (if any), on a chart or plan from cross-bearings of two objects; to find the ship’s position from two bearings of the same object, the course and distance run between taking the bearings being given, making due allowance for a given tide or current.

(b) To know the markings, signs and abbreviations on charts and plans. Understand chart correction, the use of Notices to Mariners, Sailing Directions and Light Lists.

(c) To find the time of high water at any given place by the aid of the Admiralty or local tide tables.

Seventh Schedule—continued.

Part I.—Syllabus for Examination as Second Mate of a Limited Coast-trade Ship—continued.

(d) To find the true azimuth of the sun by Azimuth Tables, and from that finding the error and deviation of the compass, the variation being given.

Oral Section.

1. A full knowledge of the content and application of the international rules for preventing collisions at sea, including the additions to the rules as agreed upon by the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea 1960 to take account of the use of radar by vessels navigating in restricted visibility, and the Annex to the rules giving recommendations on the use of radar information as an aid to avoiding collisions at sea.

2. The signals to exhibit when in distress or wanting a pilot.

3. System of buoyage on Australian coast; important items in General Notices to Mariners.

4. Any special port signals in use locally.

5. Rigging of ships; strength of ropes, including wire ropes; rigging purchases of various kinds and knowledge of power gained by purchases; knotting and splicing with strict reference to current practice; seizings, rackings, chain stoppers, &c.

6. Bending, setting and taking in lifeboat sails; management of boats under oars or sail and in heavy weather; beaching or landing; coming alongside.

7. Helm orders; conning the ship; effects of propellers on the steering of a ship; stopping, going astern and manoeuvring; turning a steamship short round; emergency manoeuvres; man overboard.

8. Marking and use of ordinary lead line.

9. Use and upkeep of mechanical logs and sounding appliances; how to operate an echo sounding machine.

10. Rocket and line-throwing apparatus; positions of the local rocket stations.

11. Use of life-saving appliances.

12. Use of fire appliances.

13. Handling and stowage of cargo.

14. Use of deck appliances and steering gear.

15. Anchors and cables; keeping an anchor watch; dragging anchor.

16. Preparations for getting under way; duties prior to proceeding to sea, making harbour, entering a dock, coming alongside and securing to a buoy, with special reference to the after end of a ship.

17. Duties of officer of the watch; use of compass to ascertain risk of collision.

18. Use of an azimuth mirror, pelorus or other instrument for taking bearings.

19. Reading a barometer, thermometer and hydrometer.

20. Checking chronometers by radio signals.

21. Use of radiotelegraph automatic keying device by unskilled persons in an emergency.

22. Radar—its limitations; visibility of different objects; false and multiple echoes; methods of plotting; problems involving plotting; mechanical aids to plotting.

23. Any other questions appertaining to the duties of second mate of a limited coast-trade ship which the examiner considers necessary to ask.

Lifeboatman Section.

The examination for a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman prescribed by the Tenth Schedule or the examination for a certificate, considered the equivalent by the Minister, granted by a Commonwealth country.

Seventh Schedule—continued.

Part I.—Syllabus for Examination as Second Mate of a Limited Coast-trade Ship—continued.

Signalling Section.

To send and receive in semaphore, Morse code by flash lamp, and in the International Code of Signals for Visual and Sound Signalling, in accordance with the provisions of the Eleventh Schedule.

PART II.—SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION AS FIRST MATE OF A LIMITED COAST-TRADE SHIP.

Written Section.

1. Elementary Ship Knowledge—One 2-hour paper.

(a) Elementary ideas on ship construction. The candidate will be expected to show his practical acquaintance with framing, shell plating, decks, watertight bulkhead, sounding pipes and air pipes.

(b) The meaning of the terms “displacement” and “deadweight”. Use of displacement and tons per inch scales to determine weights of cargo, &c., from draughts. Effect of density of water on draught. Fresh water allowance.

(c) A general understanding of centre of gravity and centre of buoyancy and the effect of adding or removing weights. The danger of slack ballast tanks.

(d) A knowledge of the Navigation (Loading and Unloading—Safety Measures) Regulations.

2. Chart Work and Pilotage—One 3-hour paper.

In addition to the syllabus for Chart Work of the examination for a certificate of competency as second mate of a limited coast-trade ship, questions on the following may be asked:—

(a) The effect of current on speed. Allowance for leeway. To find the compass course to steer allowing for a current. Given compass course steered, the speed of the ship and the direction and rate of the current, to find the true course made good.

(b) The construction of a line of soundings. The use of a single position line approaching the coast. The use of clearing marks and horizontal and vertical danger angles.

(c) To find the time and height of high and low water at a standard port (Admiralty Tide Tables). The use of tables or diagram to find the height of the tide at any given time and thence the approximate correction to soundings.

As part of this subject, a candidate may be examined orally on any part of this syllabus.

3. Practical Navigation—One 3-hour paper.

(a) To find the true bearing of the sun and the deviation of the compass for the direction of the ship’s head.

(b) To find the latitude by meridian altitude of the sun.

(c) From an observation of the sun near the meridian to find the position line and the latitude through which it passes corresponding to a given longitude.

(d) To determine the position line and a position through which it passes from an observation of the sun out of the meridian.

(e) The use of the traverse table to obtain the position of the ship at any time, given compass courses and errors and the run recorded by log or calculated by time and estimated speed, and allowing for the effects of wind and current, if any.

4. English—One 1½-hour paper.

An essay designed to test the candidate’s ability to write clear and grammatical English with due attention to spelling, legibility and neatness. It will in no sense be a test of technical knowledge.

Seventh Schedule—continued.

Part II.—Syllabus for Examination as First Mate of a Limited Coast-trade Ship—continued.

Oral Section.

1. The syllabus for the examination for a certificate of competency as second mate of a limited coast-trade ship.

2. Care and maintenance of life-saving appliances, fire appliances, deck appliances and steering gear.

3. The use and care of chronometers.

4. Keeping a ship’s log book.

5. Coming to anchor, the use of two anchors. Mooring to buoys. Coming alongside and leaving a wharf. Entering and leaving a dock.

6. Laying out anchors by boats. The rigging and use of a sea anchor.

7. Taking a cast of the deep sea lead in heavy weather.

8. The rigging of purchases and sheers for heavy lifts.

9. Use and maintenance of cargo working gear.

10. The preparation of holds for cargo. The stowage of any special cargoes carried by limited coast-trade ships. Ventilation of different types of cargo.

11. To use a sextant for taking vertical and horizontal angles and to find the index error by the horizon.

12. The principal local lights, dangers, winds and currents along the coast within the particular limited coast-trade limits, being the limits prescribed by the Navigation (Limited Coast-Trade Voyages) Regulations, in respect of which the candidate desires a certificate of competency.

13. Radar—its limitations; visibility of different objects; false and multiple echoes; methods of plotting; problems involving plotting; mechanical aids to plotting.

14. A knowledge of the conditions involving the loading, discharging, ballasting and gasfreeing of tankers and safety precautions during these operations. Avoidance of pollution of the sea by oil.

15. Any other questions appertaining to the duties of first mate of a limited coast-trade ship that the examiner considers necessary to ask.

Lifeboatman Section.

The examination for a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman prescribed by the Tenth Schedule or the examination for a certificate, considered the equivalent by the Minister, granted by a Commonwealth country.

Signalling Section.

To send and receive in semaphore, Morse code by flash lamp, and in the International Code of Signals for Visual and Sound Signalling, in accordance with the provisions of the Eleventh Schedule.

First-aid Section.

The examination for a certificate of proficiency in “first-aid” set by a body approved for the purpose of these Regulations by the Minister.

PART III—SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION AS MASTER OF A LIMITED COAST-TRADE SHIP.

Written Section.

1. Stability and Seaworthiness—One 2-hour paper.

(a) The meaning of metacentre, metacentric height, initial stability, righting lever, centre of flotation, moment to change trim.

Seventh Schedule—continued.

Part III.—Syllabus for Examination as Master of a Limited Coast-trade Ship—continued.

(b) Determination of the Centre of gravity of a ship in a new condition, the centre of gravity in the old condition being given. The effect on the position of the centre of gravity of adding, removing or shifting weights. Stiff and tender ships. Effect on a shift of cargo or solid ballast. Cargoes liable to shift and precautions to be taken. Deck cargoes. Ballasting. The danger of “free surface” of liquids (without proof or calculations).

(c) The use of stability curves and the data supplied to a ship.

(d) Simple trim problems.

(e) Damage affecting seaworthiness. Temporary repairs at sea or in port. Certificates of seaworthiness.

(f) A knowledge of the stowage required and precautions to be taken when carrying coastwise certain cargoes liable to affect the stability or seaworthiness of a vessel.

2. Chart Work and Pilotage—One 3-hour paper.

In addition to the syllabuses for Chart Work and Chart Work and Pilotage, respectively, of the examinations for certificates of competency as second mate and first mate of a limited coast-trade ship, questions on the following may be asked:—

(a) Distance of sighting lights. Distance of a point of land of known height. Fix a ship’s position on a chart or plan by horizontal sextant angles.

(b) The use of bearings obtained by ship’s wireless direction finder and bearings given from a shore station. The use of radio beacons.

(c) Orally on the selection of suitable points for bearings, approaching an anchorage and entering narrow waters. The reliability of charts.

(d) To find the times and heights of high and low water at any given place by the Admiralty Tide Tables (time difference and ratio method). The use of tables or diagram to find the height of tide at any given place at any given time and thence the approximate correction to apply to soundings, or the time that the tide will be a certain height.

As part of this subject, a candidate may be examined orally on any part of this syllabus.

3. Practical Navigation—One 3-hour paper.

In addition to the syllabus for Practical Navigation of the examination for a certificate of competency as first mate of a limited coast-trade ship, questions on the following may be asked:—

(a) To find the true bearing of any heavenly body and the deviation for the direction of the ship’s head.

(b) To find the approximate time (to the nearest minute) of the meridian passage of a star. To find the latitude by meridian altitude of a star.

(c) From an observation of a star near the meridian to find the position line and the latitude through which it passes corresponding to a given longitude.

(d) To determine the position line and a position through which it passes from an observation of a star out of the meridian.

(e) To find the ship’s position at the time of the second observation by the use of position lines obtained from two different observations.

(f) Recognition of stars of the first magnitude by reference to the principal constellations visible in Australia.

4. Compass Deviation—One 2-hour paper.

(a) A simple knowledge of the meaning of hard and soft iron. Simple ideas of the effect of hard iron, vertical soft iron and horizontal soft iron on the deviations of the compass. The means used to compensate for these effects with special reference to limited coast-trade ships.

Seventh Schedule—continued.

Part III.—Syllabus for Examination as Master of a Limited Coast-trade Ship—continued.

(b) Care and maintenance of magnetic compasses. Siting of compasses with particular reference to the proximity of magnetic material and electrical appliances.

(c) To find the magnetic bearing of a distant object from compass bearings taken on equidistant points and to construct a table of deviations.

5. English—One 1½-hour paper.

An essay designed to test the candidate’s ability to write clear and grammatical English with due attention to spelling, legibility and neatness. It will in no sense be a test of technical knowledge.

Oral Section.

1. In addition to the syllabus for the examinations for certificates of competency as second mate and first mate of a limited coast-trade ship, questions on the following may be asked:—

2. The measures to be taken when a ship is in danger through heavy weather, disablement, fire, collision, or grounding.

3. Preservation of crew and passengers in the event of a wreck. Abandoning a wrecked ship. Rockets and rocket apparatus.

4. Assisting a vessel in distress. Rescuing the crew of a disabled ship. Towing another vessel.

5. Effect of screws on the steering of a ship. Manœuvring a ship in rivers and harbours.

6. The law relating to the engagement, discharge and management of the crew, and the entries to be made in the official log book.

7. Bills of lading, charter parties, invoices, surveys.

8. The law relating to load line marks.

9. Rules for avoiding tropical storms in the Southern hemisphere.

10. Any other questions appertaining to the duties of master of a limited coast-trade ship that the examiner considers necessary to ask.

Lifeboatman Section.

The examination for a certificate of efficiency as lifeboatman prescribed by the Tenth Schedule or the examination for a certificate, considered the equivalent by the Minister, granted by a Commonwealth country.

Signalling Section.

1. To send and receive in semaphore, Morse code by flash lamp, and in the International Code of Signals for Visual and Sound Signalling, in accordance with the provisions of the Eleventh Schedule.

2. The practical use of the shipborne wireless direction finder; a knowledge of its limitations and conditions that affect its accuracy; an understanding of the terms Class A, B and C when qualifying a bearing supplied by shore wireless direction finder station.

First-aid Section.

The examination for a certificate of proficiency in “first-aid” set by a body approved for the purpose of these Regulations by the Minister.

EIGHTH SCHEDULE.

Regulation 40.

SYLLABUSES FOR EXAMINATIONS FOR CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY AS MASTERS AND MATES OF RIVER AND BAY SHIPS.

PART I.—SYLLABUSES FOR EXAMINATIONS AS MASTERS AND MATES OF RIVER AND BAY SHIPS (OTHER THAN RIVER MURRAY).

SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION AS MATE.

Written Section.

1. English—Half-hour, written and oral.

To show to the satisfaction of the examiner that the candidate is able to read and write English and to spell correctly.

2. Arithmetic—One 1-hour paper.

Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, including decimals.

Oral Section.

1. A knowledge of the content and application of the regulations for preventing collisions at sea.

2. A knowledge of the lights, tides, dangers, any special port signals and buoyage system of the river and bay limits in respect of which the candidate desires a certificate of competency.

3. A knowledge of the windlass and other deck appliances, including life-saving and fire appliances.

4. The mooring and unmooring of a vessel at a wharf or in a roadstead.

5. Reading a compass.

6. The marking and use of ordinary lead line.

7. Management of boats under oars; coming alongside.

8. Any other questions appertaining to the duties of mate of a river and bay ship of the particular river and bay limits in respect of which the candidate desires a certificate of competency that the examiner considers necessary to ask, including if so considered necessary questions on chart work.

SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION AS MASTER.

1. English—Half-hour, written and oral.

To show to the satisfaction of the examiner that the candidate is able to read and write English and to spell correctly.

2. Arithmetic—One 1-hour paper and one 2-hour paper.

Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, involving the use of money, length, avoirdupois and time, including decimals.

3. Chart Work—One 2-hour paper.

As part of this subject, a candidate may be examined orally on any part of this syllabus.

(a) Given the variation and a table of deviations, to convert true courses or bearings into magnetic and compass courses or bearings, and vice versa; to fix the ship’s position on a chart having given the bearing and distance of an object or by bearings of a point and distance run or from simultaneous cross bearings of the objects.

(b) To find the compass course and the distance from one given position to another.

(c) To know the markings, signs and abbreviations on charts and plans. Understand chart correction and the use of Notices to Mariners.

(d) To find the times and heights of high and low water at a place by the aid of the Admiralty or local tide tables.

Eighth Schedule—continued.

Part I.—Syllabuses for Examinations as Masters and Mates of River and Bay Ships (other than River Murray)—continued.

Oral Section.

1. The syllabus for the examination for a certificate of competency as mate of a river and bay ship.

2. Local knowledge of the particular river and bay limits in respect of which the candidate desires a certificate of competency.

3. A thorough knowledge of the handling under any conditions of all types of vessels used in the particular river and bay limits in respect of which the candidate desires a certificate of competency, their steering gears, anchors and cables.

4. The action to take in the event of accident, fire or collision.

5. Any other questions appertaining to the duties of master of a river and bay ship that the examiner considers necessary to ask.

Signalling Section.

To send and receive in semaphore, Morse code by flash lamp, and in the International Code of Signals for Visual and Sound Signalling, in accordance with the provisions of the Eleventh Schedule.

PART II.—SYLLABUSES FOR EXAMINATIONS AS MASTERS AND MATES OF RIVER AND BAY SHIPS (RIVER MURRAY).

SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION AS MATE.

Written Section.

1. English—Half-hour, written and oral.

To show to the satisfaction of the examiner that the candidate is able to read and write English and to spell correctly.

2. Arithmetic—One 1-hour paper.

Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, including decimals.

Oral Section.

1. A detailed knowledge of the Navigation (River Murray Traffic) Regulations.

2. A knowledge of lights, beacons, other aids to navigation and dangers existing in the River Murray.

3. A knowledge of the windlass and other deck appliances, including life-saving and fire appliances.

4. The mooring and unmooring of a vessel.

5. Management of boats under oars; coming alongside.

6. Any other questions appertaining to the duties of mate of a river and bay ship (River Murray) that the examiner considers necessary to ask.

SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION AS MASTER.

Written Section.

1. English—Half-hour, written and oral.

To show to the satisfaction of the examiner that the candidate is able to read and write English and to spell correctly.

2. Arithmetic—One 1-hour paper and one 2-hour paper.

Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, involving the use of money, length, avoirdupois and time, including decimals.

Oral Section.

1. The syllabus for the examination for a certificate of competency as mate of a river and bay ship (River Murray).

2. Local knowledge of the River Murray.

3. A thorough knowledge of the handling under any conditions of all types of vessels used in the River Murray, their steering gears, anchors and cables.

4. The action to take in the event of accident, fire or collision.

5. Any other questions appertaining to the duties of master of a river and bay ship (River Murray) that the examiner considers necessary to ask.

NINTH SCHEDULE.

Regulation 40.

SYLLABUSES FOR SQUARE-RIG SAILING AND FORE-AND-AFT RIG SAILING AS PART OF EXAMINATIONS FOR SUB-GRADES OF CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY.

Part I.—Second Mate Certificates.

1. An understanding of the standing and running rigging of ships.

2. A knowledge of the bending, unbending, setting, reefing, taking in, and furling sail.

3. A knowledge of sending masts and yards up and down, &c.

4. An understanding of the management of a ship when under canvas.

5. The “Rules of the Road” for sailing vessels, their regulation lights and fog and sound signals.

6. Any questions appertaining to the duties of a second mate of a sailing ship that the examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Part II.—First Mate Certificates, including Mate of a River and Bay Ship.

1. A knowledge of shifting large spars, rigging sheers, taking lower masts in and out.

2. How to moor and unmoor a ship; to keep a clear anchor; and to carry out an anchor.

3. How to manage a ship in stormy weather, and to cast a ship on a lee shore.

4. How to secure the masts in the event of accident to the bowsprit.

5. How to rig purchases for getting heavy weights, anchors, machinery, &c., in or out.

6. How to get a cast of the deep sea lead in heavy weather.

7. Accidents, and how to deal with them.

8. Any other questions appertaining to the duties of a first mate of a sailing ship that the examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Part III.—Extra Master and Master Certificates.

1. How to manage a sailing ship in heavy weather.

2. How to rescue the crew of a disabled sailing ship.

3. The steps to be taken when a sailing ship is on her beam ends, or in any danger or difficulty, or disabled or unmanageable and on a lee shore.

4. A knowledge of heaving a keel out.

5. Any other questions appertaining to the duties of master of a sailing ship that the examiner thinks necessary to ask.

TENTH SCHEDULE.

Regulation 40.

SYLLABUS FOR EXAMINATION FOR A CERTIFICATE OF EFFICIENCY AS LIFEBOATMAN.

1. The operations connected with launching lifeboats, inflatable liferafts and buoyant apparatus.

2. Ability to row, and to handle an oar in a lifeboat; capability of acting as coxswain and of steering a lifeboat, including the steering of a course by compass.

Tenth Schedule—continued.

3. The management of a lifeboat under oars or sail in a tideway, in a seaway, in bad weather and in effecting a landing on a beach (including surf beach).

4.. The handling of inflatable liferafts after launching.

5. Knowledge of the standard equipment of a lifeboat and of an inflatable liferaft and its use for survival.

6. The giving, understanding and answering of orders, all in the English language, relating to the launching or manoeuvring of the above-mentioned life-saving appliances.

ELEVENTH SCHEDULE.

Regulation 40.

EXAMINATION IN SIGNALLING.

1. International Code of Signals for Visual and Sound Signalling.

(a) To know thoroughly the instructions given at the commencement of Volume 1 of the International Code of Signals, Visual and Sound Signalling.

(b) To receive and send signals in accordance with those instructions.

(c) To read the several flag hoists by sight in a message and from that, with the aid of the Code Book, decode the message.

(d) To code a message.

(e) To know thoroughly the procedure adopted and signs used for Morse code by flash lamp and semaphore as laid down in those instructions.

(f) To know the distress signals.

2. Morse Code.

With a flash lamp, to send and receive in Morse flashing a test message comprising groups of letters and numerals, and also a spelling message of 10 words (of an average length of 5 letters per word). The sending and receiving rate for a pass is 6 words per minute. Marks will be allotted for the test message at the rate of a mark for each correct letter or numeral. For the spelling message, 2 marks will be allotted for each correct word or group of numerals.

3. Semaphore.

To send and receive in semaphore by hand flags a spelling message of 25 words (of an average length of 5 letters per word). The sending and receiving rate for a pass is 8 words per minute. Two marks will be allotted for each correct word.

TWELFTH SCHEDULE.

FORMS.

Form 1.

Regulation 7.

Commonwealth of Australia.

Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations.

CERTIFICATE OF WATCH-KEEPING SERVICE FOR A FIRST MATE’S OR MASTER’S CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY.

This is to certify that—

(a) Mr. (full name) has served on the S.S.

during the period that commenced on the day of

, 19 , and ended on the day of

, 19 ;

(b) he served in the capacity of (state whether first, second or third) watch-keeping officer with (state whether full or effective) charge of a watch for not less than eight hours out of every twenty-four hours at sea during that period of service; and

*Strike out whichever paragraph is inapplicable.

*(c) watches were not doubled at any time during that period of service.

or

*(c) watches were only doubled on (state period), during which time he served as (state whether senior or junior) of two bridge-keeping officers.

(Signature.)

Master.

Form 2.

Regulation 53.

Commonwealth of Australia.

Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations.

CERTIFICATE OF EFFICIENCY AS LIFEBOATMAN.

This is to certify that has,

on the day of , 19 , been

examined at the Port of by an Examiner appointed under the abovementioned Regulations and that—

(a) he has proved to the satisfaction of the Examiner that he has been trained in all the operations connected with the launching of lifeboats and the use of oars;

(b) he is acquainted with the practical handling of lifeboats; and

(c) he is capable of understanding and answering orders relating to lifeboat service.

Issued at the Port of , this day of

,19 .

Minister of State for Shipping and Transport.

(Signature of holder.)

Twelfth Schedule—continued.

Form 3.

Regulation 54.

Commonwealth of Australia.

Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations.

(a) Insert sub grade of certificate.

CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY AS(a)

(b) Insert name of person to whom certificate is to be granted.

To:(b)

Whereas you have been found duly qualified to fulfil the duties of(a)

in the Merchant Service, the Minister of State for Shipping and Transport, in exercise of his powers under the Navigation Act and of all other powers enabling him in that behalf, hereby grants you this Certificate of Competency.

Dated this day of , 19 .

Minister of State for Shipping and Transport.

Form 4.

Regulation 55.

Commonwealth of Australia.

Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations.

(a) Insert master or first mate.

(b) Insert type of ship.

PERMIT TO SERVE AS(a)

OF A FOREIGN-GOING(b) SHIP.

(c) Insert name of person to whom permit is to be granted.

To:(c)

(d) Insert extra master, master or first mate.

Whereas you have been found duly qualified, but for sub-section (1.) of section 18a of the Navigation Act, to be granted a certificate of competency as(d)

of a foreign-going(b) ship,

the Minister of State for Shipping and Transport, in the exercise of his powers under that section and of all other powers enabling him in that behalf hereby grants you this Permit to Serve as(a)              of a foreign-going(b)

ship registered in Australia.

Dated this day of 19 .

Minister of State for Shipping and Transport.

By Authority: A. J. Arthur, Commonwealth Government Printer, Canberra.