EXPLANATORY STATEMENT
NATIONAL HEALTH ACT 1953
NATIONAL HEALTH (PRICE AND SPECIAL PATIENT CONTRIBUTION) AMENDMENT DETERMINATION (No. 2) 2026
PB 24 of 2026
Authority
This legislative instrument, made under section 85B of the National Health Act 1953 (the Act), amends the National Health (Price and Special Patient Contribution) Determination 2022 (PB 98 of 2022) (the Principal Determination).
Subsections 85B(2), (3) and (4) of the Act provide for the Minister to determine, respectively, determined prices, claimed prices and the circumstances in which the Commonwealth will pay a special patient contribution. The Principal Determination contains determinations of these matters.
Variation and revocation
Unless there is an express power to revoke or vary PB 98 of 2022 cited in this instrument and explanatory statement, subsection 33(3) of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 is relied upon to revoke or vary PB 98 of 2022.
Purpose
The Act provides for the Minister and the responsible persons to agree a price that is taken to be the appropriate maximum price of a brand of a pharmaceutical item for the purposes of Part VII of the Act (section 85AD). Section 85B of the Act applies if the Minister and the responsible person have been unable to reach an agreement on a price for the pricing quantity. Whether or not an agreement is made for the pricing quantity, section 85B also applies if the responsible person is dissatisfied with the proportional ex-manufacturer prices that will apply to other pack quantities.
Subsection 85B(2) provides that the Minister may determine, by reference to the pricing quantity of a brand of a pharmaceutical item, an amount that is taken to be the appropriate maximum price of the brand for the purposes of Part VII of the Act. This is termed the ‘Determined Price’ in this Determination.
Subsection 85B(3) provides that the Minister may determine, by reference to a pack quantity of a brand of the pharmaceutical item, an amount that is taken to be the price claimed by the responsible person for the pack quantity of the brand, for the purposes of Part VII of the Act. This is termed the ‘Claimed Price’ in this Determination.
The Determined Price is the Approved Ex-Manufacturer Price (AEMP) and is used as the basis for working out the Commonwealth price for the brand of the pharmaceutical item (section 98B of the Act); for pack quantities other than the pricing quantity, the proportional ex-manufacturer price (PEMP) is used as the basis. Approved pharmacists are entitled to receive a payment from the Commonwealth equal to the Commonwealth price less the applicable patient co-payment (section 99 of the Act).
The difference between the responsible person’s Commonwealth price for a pack quantity (i.e., the price that would be the Commonwealth price if the responsible persons’ claimed price had become the approved ex-manufacturer price or the proportional ex-manufacturer price for that pack quantity) and the Commonwealth price for the pack quantity is defined in subsection 85B(5) of the Act as the special patient contribution. An approved pharmacist may charge a patient an amount equal to the special patient contribution, in addition to any other amount that may be charged (subsection 87(2A) of the Act).
Subsection 85B(4) of the Act provides that the Minister may determine the circumstances in which the Commonwealth is to pay the Special Patient Contribution for a brand. In such cases, the Commonwealth payment to the pharmacist is increased by the amount of the special patient contribution (subsection 99(2AA) of the Act) and the pharmacist may not charge the patient this amount (subsection 87(2A) of the Act).
The purpose of making subsection 85B(4) determinations is to enable patients for whom the base-priced brands (the ones without a special patient contribution) are not suitable, to obtain the higher priced brand (the one with the special patient contribution) without the need to pay the higher price. In such cases the Commonwealth pays the special patient contribution.
This instrument (the Amending Determination) amends the Principal Determination by removing the brand premium for one brand of one pharmaceutical item due to supply shortages of the premium-free alternative brands on the PBS. This is consistent with the department’s policy that pharmaceutical companies are only able to charge brand premiums where there is at least one premium-free brand of the same medicine available on the PBS to allow equitable access to medicines.
The amendments provided by this instrument take effect on 1 March 2026.
Consultation
This Determination affects certain responsible person with medicines listed on the PBS. For the brand Androcur, the claimed price and brand premium will be removed due to the shortage of the premium-free alternative brands for cyproterone acetate 50 mg (50 tablet pack). The responsible persons of this brand agreed to the removal of the brand premium. No additional consultation with experts was undertaken regarding this Determination because consultation with the affected responsible person, which informed the making of this Determination, drew on the knowledge of persons with relevant expertise.
A provision by description of the Determination is contained in the Attachment.
This Determination commences on 1 March 2026.
This Determination is a legislative instrument for the purposes of the Legislation Act 2003.
ATTACHMENT
PROVISION BY PROVISION DESCRIPTION OF THE NATIONAL HEALTH (PRICE AND SPECIAL PATIENT CONTRIBUTION) AMENDMENT DETERMINATION (No. 2) 2026
(PB 24 of 2026)
Section 1 Name of Determination
This section provides that the Determination is the National Health (Price and Special Patient Contribution) Amendment Determination (No. 2) 2026 and may also be cited as PB 24 of 2026.
Section 2 Commencement
This section provides that the Determination commences on 1 March 2026.
Section 3 Authority
This section states that this instrument is made under section 85B of the National Health Act 1953.
Section 4 Schedules
Section 4 provides that each instrument is specified in a Schedule to the instrument is amended or repealed as set out in the applicable items in the Schedule concerned, and any other item in a Schedule to the instrument has effect according to its terms.
Schedule 1 Amendments
Amendment of the National Health (Price and Special Patient Contribution) Determination 2022 (PB 98 of 2022).
Schedule 1 sets out the amendments to the Principal Determination which commence on 1 March 2026. These changes are detailed in the summary of changes below.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
SCHEDULE 1
Brand with removed brand premiums
- Cyproterone
- tablet containing cyproterone acetate 50 mg, Androcur
Statement of Compatibility with Human Rights
Prepared in accordance with Part 3 of the Human Rights (Parliamentary Scrutiny) Act 2011
National Health (Price and Special Patient Contribution) Amendment Determination (No. 2) 2026 (PB 24 of 2026)
This legislative instrument is compatible with the human rights and freedoms recognised or declared in the international instruments listed in section 3 of the Human Rights (Parliamentary Scrutiny) Act 2011.
Overview of the Legislative Instrument
This legislative instrument, made under section 85B of the National Health Act 1953 (the Act), amends the National Health (Price and Special Patient Contribution) Determination 2022 (the Principal Determination), which provides for price determinations in relation to brands of pharmaceutical items listed on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) for which the Minister and the Responsible Persons have not been able to make a price agreement. It also provides for the circumstances in which the Commonwealth will pay the special patient contribution resulting from these price determinations.
This instrument (the Amending Determination) amends the Principal Determination by removing the brand premium for one brand of one pharmaceutical item due to supply shortages of the premium-free alternative brands on the PBS. This is consistent with the Department’s policy that pharmaceutical companies are only able to charge brand premiums where there is at least one premium-free brand of the same medicine available on the PBS to allow equitable access to medicines.
These changes take effect on 1 March 2026.
Human rights implications
This legislative instrument engages Articles 2 and 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights by assisting with the progressive realisation by all appropriate means of the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health.
The PBS is a benefit scheme which assists with advancement of this human right by providing for subsidised access by patients to medicines.
The removal of the brand premium and claimed price from the brand Androcur was requested by the department due to supply issues with the premium-free alternative brands. It is longstanding Government policy that pharmaceutical companies are only able to charge brand price premiums where there is at least one premium-free brand of that medicine available through the PBS. This allows for continued access for eligible Australians to these remaining PBS listed brands of this medicine at subsidised prices, without the need to pay a premium.
Conclusion
This legislative instrument is compatible with human rights because it advances the protection of human rights.
Rebecca Richardson
Assistant Secretary
PBS Listing, Pricing, and Policy Branch
Technology Assessment and Access Division
Department of Health, Disability and Ageing