Fuel Quality Standards (Petrol) Determination 2024

Administered by Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water

Legislation au F2024L00475 In force Legislative Instrument

Legislation content

Fuel Quality Standards (Petrol) Determination 2024

made under section 21 of the

Fuel Quality Standards Act 2000

Compilation No. 02

Compilation date: 18 April 2026

Includes amendments: F2026L00445

About this compilation

This compilation

This is a compilation of the Fuel Quality Standards (Petrol) Determination 2024 that shows the text of the law as amended and in force on 18/04/2026 (the compilation date).

The notes at the end of this compilation (the endnotes) include information about amending laws and the amendment history of provisions of the compiled law.

Uncommenced amendments

The effect of uncommenced amendments is not shown in the text of the compiled law. Any uncommenced amendments affecting the law are accessible on the Register (www.legislation.gov.au). The details of amendments made up to, but not commenced at, the compilation date are underlined in the endnotes. For more information on any uncommenced amendments, see the Register for the compiled law.

Application, saving and transitional provisions for provisions and amendments

If the operation of a provision or amendment of the compiled law is affected by an application, saving or transitional provision that is not included in this compilation, details are included in the endnotes.

Modifications

If the compiled law is modified by another law, the compiled law operates as modified but the modification does not amend the text of the law. Accordingly, this compilation does not show the text of the compiled law as modified. For more information on any modifications, see the Register for the compiled law.

Selfrepealing provisions

If a provision of the compiled law has been repealed in accordance with a provision of the law, details are included in the endnotes.

 

 

 

Contents

1  Name........................................................1

2  Commencement.................................................1

3  Authority......................................................1

4  Definitions.....................................................1

5  Fuel standard for petrol.............................................2

6  Fuel standard for ethanol............................................4

1  Name

                   This instrument is the Fuel Quality Standards (Petrol) Determination 2024.

3  Authority

                   This instrument is made under section 21 of the Fuel Quality Standards Act 2000.

4  Definitions

Note:          A number of expressions used in this instrument are defined in section 4 of the Act, including the following:

(a)    fuel

(b)    supply

  In this instrument:

Act means the Fuel Quality Standards Act 2000.

ASTM followed by an alphanumeric code means the testing method developed under that code by the standards development organisation called ASTM International.

CAS no., for a parameter, means the Chemical Abstracts Service Registry number for the parameter.

petrol does not include aviation gasoline (avgas) supplied for use in aircraft.

pool average for aromatic content, means the average amount of aromatics in all batches of petrol across all grades manufactured in Australia, or imported, by a supplier in each 12 months starting on 1 January.

mg/kg means milligrams per kilogram, and is equivalent to ‘parts per million’ or ‘ppm’ by mass.

% v/v means per cent volume by volume and is equivalent to ‘volume %’, ‘vol %’ and ‘% vol’.

% m/m means per cent mass by mass, and is equivalent to ‘mass %’, ‘% mass’ and ‘weight %’.

5  Fuel standard for petrol

 (1) In relation to a parameter specified in column 1 of an item of the following table, petrol must comply with the specification for that parameter specified in column 2 of that item.

 (2) For subsection (1), compliance with the specification for a parameter is determined by using the testing method for that parameter specified in column 3 of that item of the table.

 

 

Item

Column 1

Parameter

Column 2

Specification

Column 3

Testing Method

1

Aromatics

Between the date this instrument commences and 14 December 2025:

 

All grades:

45% v/v maximum with a 35% v/v maximum pool average.

 

ASTM D1319

After 14 December 2025:

 

Petrol with RON grade between 95.0 and 97.9:

35% v/v maximum

All other grades:

45% v/v maximum

All grades:

35% v/v maximum pool average

2

Benzene

1.0% v/v maximum

ASTM D5580

3

Copper corrosion—3 h at 50°C

Class 1

ASTM D130

4

Diisopropyl ether (DIPE, CAS no. 108203)

1% v/v maximum

ASTM D4815

5

Distillation—final boiling point

210°C maximum

ASTM D86

6

Ethanol

10% v/v maximum

ASTM D4815

7

Ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE, CAS no. 637923)

1% v/v maximum

ASTM D4815

8

Existent gum—washed

5 mg/100 mL maximum

ASTM D381

9

Induction period—oxidation stability

360 minutes minimum

ASTM D525

10

Lead

5 mg/L maximum

ASTM D3237

11

Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE, CAS no. 1634-04-4)

1% v/v maximum

ASTM D4815

12

Motor octane number (MON)

91 RON grade:

81.0 minimum

95 RON grade:

85.0 minimum

ASTM D2700

13

Olefins

18% v/v maximum

ASTM D1319

14

Oxygen

Petrol without ethanol:

2.7% m/m maximum

Petrol with ethanol:

3.9% m/m maximum

ASTM D4815

15

Phosphorus

1.3 mg/L maximum

ASTM D3231

16

Research octane number (RON)

91 RON grade:

91.0 minimum

95 RON grade:

95.0 minimum

ASTM D2699

17

Sulfur

Between the day the Fuel Quality Standards (Petrol) Amendment Determination (No. 1) 2026 commences and 30 September 2026:

All grades: 50 mg/kg maximum

 

ASTM D5453

Between 1 October 2026 and 31 December 2026:

All grades: 40 mg/kg maximum

Beginning on 1 January 2027:

All grades:

10 mg/kg maximum

18

Tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA, CAS no. 75650)

0.5% v/v maximum

ASTM D4815

 (3) Specifications set out in the table apply to all grades of petrol unless otherwise stated.

 (4) Any ethanol component of petrol must comply with the fuel standard for ethanol in section 6.

 (5) Compounds containing phosphorus must not be added to petrol.

6  Fuel standard for ethanol

 (1) In relation to a parameter mentioned column 1 of an item of the following table, ethanol in petrol must comply with the specification for that parameter specified in column 2 of that item.

 (2) For subsection (1), compliance with the specification for a parameter is determined by using the testing method for that parameter specified in column 3 of that item of the table.

 

 

Item

Column 1

Parameter

Column 2

Specification

Column 3

Testing Method

1

Acidity—as acetic acid

0.006% m/m maximum

ASTM D7795

2

Appearance

Clear and bright and visibly free of suspended or precipitated contaminants

ASTM D4806

3

Copper

0.1 mg/kg maximum

EN 15837 (as modified in CEN/TS 15293)

4

Denaturant

1–1.5% v/v denaturant

ASTM D5501

5

Ethanol

95.6% v/v minimum

ASTM D5501

6

Inorganic chloride

10 mg/kg maximum

ASTM D7328

7

Methanol

0.5% v/v maximum

ASTM D5501

8

pHe

6.5–9.0

ASTM D6423

9

Solvent washed gum

5.0 mg/100 mL maximum

ASTM D381

10

Sulfate

4.0 mg/kg maximum

ASTM D7328

11

Sulfur

10 mg/kg maximum

ASTM D5453

12

Water

1.25% m/m maximum

ASTM E1064

 (3) The denaturant component of ethanol must be petrol.

Endnotes

Endnote 1—About the endnotes

The endnotes provide information about this compilation and the compiled law.

The following endnotes are included in every compilation:

Endnote 1—About the endnotes

Endnote 2—Abbreviation key

Endnote 3—Legislation history

Endnote 4—Amendment history

Abbreviation key—Endnote 2

The abbreviation key sets out abbreviations that may be used in the endnotes.

Legislation history and amendment history—Endnotes 3 and 4

Amending laws are annotated in the legislation history and amendment history.

The legislation history in endnote 3 provides information about each law that has amended (or will amend) the compiled law. The information includes commencement details for amending laws and details of any application, saving or transitional provisions that are not included in this compilation.

The amendment history in endnote 4 provides information about amendments at the provision (generally section or equivalent) level. It also includes information about any provision of the compiled law that has been repealed in accordance with a provision of the law.

Misdescribed amendments

A misdescribed amendment is an amendment that does not accurately describe how an amendment is to be made. If, despite the misdescription, the amendment can be given effect as intended, then the misdescribed amendment can be incorporated through an editorial change made under section 15V of the Legislation Act 2003.

If a misdescribed amendment cannot be given effect as intended, the amendment is not incorporated and “(md not incorp)” is added to the amendment history.

 

Endnote 2—Abbreviation key

 

ad = added or inserted

orig = original

am = amended

p = page(s)

amdt = amendment

para = paragraph(s)/subparagraph(s)

C[x] = Compilation No. x

/subsubparagraph(s)

ch = Chapter(s)

pres = present

cl = clause(s)

prev = previous

cont. = continued

(prev…) = previously

def = definition(s)

pt = Part(s)

Dict = Dictionary

r = regulation(s)/Court rule(s)

disallowed = disallowed by Parliament

reloc = relocated

div = Division(s)

renum = renumbered

exp = expires/expired or ceases/ceased to have

rep = repealed

effect

rs = repealed and substituted

gaz = gazette

s = section(s)/subsection(s)

LA = Legislation Act 2003

/rule(s)/subrule(s)/order(s)/suborder(s)

LIA = Legislative Instruments Act 2003

sch = Schedule(s)

(md not incorp) = misdescribed amendment

SLI = Select Legislative Instrument

cannot be given effect

SR = Statutory Rules

mod = modified/modification

sub ch = SubChapter(s)

No. = Number(s)

sub div = Subdivision(s)

Ord = Ordinance

sub pt = Subpart(s)

 

underlining = whole or part not

 

commenced or to be commenced

 

Endnote 3—Legislation history

 

Name

Registration

Commencement

Application, saving and transitional provisions

Fuel Quality Standards (Petrol) Determination 2024

24/04/2024 (F2024L00475)

25/04/2024

 

Fuel Quality Standards (Petrol) Amendment Determination (No. 1) 2026

17/03/2026 (F2026L00264)

18/03/2026

 

Fuel Quality Standards (Petrol) Amendment Determination (No. 2) 2026

17/04/2026 (F2026L00445)

18/04/2026

 

 

Endnote 4—Amendment history

 

Provision affected

How affected

s 2

rep LA s 48D

s 5

am F2026L00264 am F2026L00445

 

 

 

Overview

The Fuel Quality Standards (Petrol) Determination 2024 was enacted under section 21 of the Fuel Quality Standards Act 2000, aiming to address the need for improved fuel quality standards to reduce environmental impact and improve public health. This legislative instrument, created by the Parliament of Australia, establishes stringent specifications for petrol quality, ensuring that petrol sold in Australia meets certain environmental and safety standards. The primary policy objective of this determination is to ensure that petrol sold in Australia is of a high quality, thereby reducing emissions and improving air quality, which in turn benefits public health and the environment. The specifications for various parameters such as aromatics, benzene, copper corrosion, and sulfur content are outlined, with testing methods and compliance deadlines specified to facilitate the gradual implementation of these standards. The determination also includes provisions for ethanol in petrol, detailing specific standards and testing methods to ensure the quality of ethanol blended with petrol. It mandates that ethanol must comply with certain specifications, including acidity, appearance, copper content, and ethanol concentration, among others. By setting these standards, the legislation seeks to enhance the quality of fuel available to consumers, contributing to the broader goal of environmental sustainability and public health protection.

Scope and Application

The Fuel Quality Standards (Petrol) Determination 2024 applies to all grades of petrol supplied in Australia, excluding aviation gasoline (avgas). This legislation is enacted under section 21 of the Fuel Quality Standards Act 2000 and sets specific standards and specifications for the quality of petrol and its components, including ethanol, which must be adhered to by suppliers. The determination applies to all petrol supplied in Australia, encompassing both domestically manufactured and imported petrol, and it applies to all petrol suppliers operating within the Australian market. The determination sets out detailed standards for various parameters such as aromatics, benzene, copper corrosion, distillation, and others, specifying the permissible limits and the testing methods to be used for compliance. The determination also includes provisions for gradual reduction in sulphur content in petrol over specified periods, aiming to progressively improve fuel quality. Certain exclusions and specific provisions for ethanol components are also detailed within the determination. The application and enforcement of these standards can be extended or modified through subordinate instruments, allowing for adjustments in response to changing industry practices and technological advancements.

Key Provisions

The main operative sections of the Fuel Quality Standards (Petrol) Determination 2024 (sections 5 and 6) specify the fuel standards for petrol and ethanol respectively, detailing the permissible levels of various parameters such as aromatics, benzene, sulfur, and others, with corresponding testing methods for compliance. The parameters and their limits are outlined in detailed tables within these sections, which also indicate the relevant testing methods that must be used to ensure compliance. Under this legislation, the obligations on the parties involved, particularly petrol suppliers, include ensuring that their petrol meets the specified standards for various parameters. These obligations are defined by the detailed parameters and limits set out in sections 5 and 6, with specific requirements for different grades of petrol and for petrol with ethanol. Additionally, the legislation mandates that any ethanol component of petrol must comply with the fuel standard for ethanol outlined in section 6. The legislation imposes significant consequences for non-compliance. Any breach of the specified fuel standards can lead to enforcement actions. While the specific penalties are not detailed within the text of this determination, under the overarching Fuel Quality Standards Act 2000, penalties for non-compliance with fuel quality standards can include substantial fines. The maximum penalties can vary based on the severity of the breach and may be further outlined in the Act or in related regulations. Non-compliance can also result in other civil or criminal consequences as stipulated by relevant laws.

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Sourced from the Federal Register of Legislation at 26 August 2026. For the latest information on Australian Government law please go to https://www.legislation.gov.au.