EXPLANATORY STATEMENT

Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (National Recovery Plan for the Water Mouse – Xeromys myoides) Instrument 2023

(Issued under the Authority of the Minister for the Environment and Water)

The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Act) provides for the protection of the environment and conservation of biodiversity, including the protection and conservation of threatened species and ecological communities.

Legislative Authority

Part 13, Division 5, Subdivision A of the Act provides for the making, or adoption, of recovery plans for listed threatened species or ecological communities, which bind the Commonwealth and Commonwealth agencies.

Section 269A(3) of the Act provides that, for the purposes of the protection, conservation and management of a listed threatened species or listed threatened ecological community, the Minister may make a recovery plan jointly with one or more of the States and self-governing Territories in which the species or community occurs.

Purpose of the Instrument

The purpose of this instrument is to jointly make the National Recovery Plan for the Water Mouse (Recovery Plan) with the state of Queensland and the Northern Territory for the following listed threatened species:

• Xeromys myoides (water mouse)

The water mouse is listed in the Vulnerable category of the List of Threatened Species under Section 178 of the Act.

The water mouse occurs in Queensland and the Northern Territory. It has also been detected in Papuan New Guinea and it may occur (undetected) in New South Wales and Western Australia. The Recovery Plan covers the full range of this species in Australia and also provides information about this species in Papua New Guinea.

The water mouse occurs patchily in coastal and near-coastal wetlands that are significant to international, national and local communities and cultures. It is an indicator of wetland health. The severity and types of threats to the water mouse vary across its distribution. A key threat is coastal development and associated habitat loss and degradation including coastal squeeze as sea levels rise with climate change. Other significant threats include predation by introduced mammals (fox, pig, cat), mangrove dieback, and habitat degradation by cattle and fire.

The National Recovery Plan for the Water Mouse provides for the protection of this species from detrimental activities and actions and it outlines survey, monitoring, management, and research actions that are necessary to stop the decline, and support the recovery, of this species so that its long-term chances of survival in nature are maximised.

This is the second Recovery Plan for the water mouse under the Act. It replaces the previous Recovery Plan for the water mouse that was adopted under the Act in 2011 and ceased to be in effect in September 2021.

Conservation Advice for this species that has been in effect since September 2021.

Consultation

In accordance with Section 275 of the Act, public comment was invited on the draft Recovery Plan for a minimum of three months. A notice inviting comments on the Recovery Plan was advertised in the Gazette and The Australian newspaper and on the website of the Australian Government Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Substantial commentary and feedback was received during an extended period of public consultation and, as required by Section 276 of the Act, these comments were considered by the Minister in making the plan.

The Recovery Plan has been endorsed by Queensland and the Northern Territory where this species is known to occur in Australia.

In accordance with section 274 of the Act, the advice of the Threatened Species Scientific Committee was obtained about the content of the Recovery Plan, and considered by the Minister before making the plan.

Section 270 of the Act and Regulation 7.11 of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Regulations 2000 (Regulations) requires that Recovery Plans include certain content, such as stating the objectives of the plan and specifying the actions needed to achieve the objectives. The Recovery Plan contains the content prescribed under the Act and the Regulations.

Details of how the jointly made Recovery Plan for the Water Mouse complies with Section 270 of the Act are set out in Attachment A below.

The Recovery Plan is available from the Australian Government Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Web site: https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/biodiversity/threatened/recovery-plans/made-or-adopted.

Commencement

This Instrument, comprising of the Recovery Plan, commences on the day after it is registered on the Federal Register of Legislation and is a legislative instrument for the purposes of the Legislation Act 2003.

This Instrument is compatible with the human rights and freedoms recognised or declared under section 3 of the Human Rights (Parliamentary Scrutiny) Act 2011. A full statement of compatibility is set out below.

Authority: Section 269A(3) of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.

ATTACHMENT A

Meeting the requirements of section 270 of the EPBC Act

Section 270 of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (the Act) specifies the content requirements for recovery plans. The Minister cannot make a State or Territory plan as a recovery plan, unless the plan meets the requirements of section 270.

The Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, and the Threatened Species Scientific Committee assessed the plan and both concluded that it complies with the requirements of section 270 of the EPBC Act.

Section 270(1) of the Act provides that a recovery plan must provide for the research and management actions necessary to stop the decline of, and support the recovery of, the listed threatened subspecies concerned so that their long-term chances of survival in nature are maximised. The jointly made plan was assessed as compliant in this respect. The jointly made plan provides an appropriate balance between management actions that are necessary to remove and reduce the severity of known threats and improve this species’ prospect of survival, and identified research actions that are necessary to better understand this species’ distribution and its ecological requirements.

Section 270(2) of the Act provides that a recovery plan must particularly include the material specified in that subsection. The jointly made plan states the:

 (a)   objectives to be achieved;

 (b)   criteria against which achievement of the objectives are to be measured

 (c)   actions needed to achieve the objectives; and

 (ca) the threats to the species.

The jointly made plan was assessed as compliant in respect of paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) and (ca) of section 270(2) of the Act.

Section 270(2A) of the Act provides that a recovery plan is only required to address certain matters identified in section 270(2) to the extent it is practicable to do so. This includes:

(d)  identifying habitats critical to survival of the species;

(e)  identifying populations under particular pressure of survival and the actions needed  to protect those habitats;

(f)  stating the estimated duration and cost of the recovery process;

(g)  identifying interests that will be affected by the plan’s implementation, and organisations or persons who will be involved in evaluating the performance of the recovery plan; and

(h)  specifying major benefits to other native species or ecological communities that will be affected by implementation of the plan.

These items are addressed in the plan to the extent practicable and where information is readily available. Where information is not available, additional actions have been incorporated into the plan for this information to be obtained.