Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1998

Legislation au C2004A05317 In force Act

Legislation content

Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1998

Act No. 1 of 1998 as amended

This compilation was prepared on 2 August 2002

[This Act was amended by Act No. 63 of 2002]

Amendments from Act No. 63 of 2002

[Schedule 2 (item 3) amended heading to Item 11 of Schedule 2
Schedule 2 (item 3) commenced on 24 March 1998]

Prepared by the Office of Legislative Drafting,
AttorneyGeneral’s Department, Canberra

 

 

 

Contents

1 Short title...................................

2 Commencement...............................

3 Schedule(s)..................................

Schedule 1—Amendment of the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959

Schedule 2—Amendment of the Civil Aviation Act 1988

Schedule 3—Amendment of the Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1995

Schedule 4—Amendment of the Competition Policy Reform Act 1995

 

An Act to amend the law relating to civil aviation, and for related purposes

[Assented to 24 March 1998]

The Parliament of Australia enacts:

1  Short title

  This Act may be cited as the Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1998.

2  Commencement

 (1) Subject to this section, this Act commences on the day on which it receives the Royal Assent.

 (2) Item 2 of Schedule 2 is taken to have commenced on 6 July 1995, immediately after the commencement of item 77 of Schedule 1 to the Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1995.

 (3) Schedule 3 is taken to have commenced on 6 July 1995, immediately after the commencement of item 7 of Schedule 3 to the Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1995.

 (4) Schedule 4 is taken to have commenced on 6 November 1995, immediately after the commencement of Part 3 of the Competition Policy Reform Act 1995.

3  Schedule(s)

  Subject to section 2, each Act that is specified in a Schedule to this Act is amended or repealed as set out in the applicable items in the Schedule concerned, and any other item in a Schedule to this Act has effect according to its terms.


Schedule 1—Amendment of the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959

 

1  Section 7

Repeal the section, substitute:

7  Act to bind Crown

 (1) This Act binds the Crown in right of the Commonwealth, of each of the States, of the Australian Capital Territory, of the Northern Territory and of Norfolk Island.

 (2) Nothing in this Act makes the Crown in any capacity liable to be prosecuted for an offence.

2  Section 41B

Insert:

CASA means the Civil Aviation Safety Authority established by the Civil Aviation Act 1988.

3  Section 41B

Insert:

Director has the same meaning as in the Civil Aviation Act 1988.

4  Section 41B

Insert:

member has the same meaning as in the Civil Aviation Act 1988.

5  Subsection 41C(1)

Omit “The Minister may, at any time and from time to time, by written notice given to a carrier”, substitute “CASA may, at any time and from time to time, by written notice given to a carrier (other than a carrier that is, or is an agent of, the Crown in any capacity)”.

6  Sections 41C, 41J and 41K

Omit “the Minister” (wherever occurring), substitute “CASA”.

7  After section 41C

Insert:

41CA  Carrier that is, or is an agent of, the Crown may be required to show that adequate financial arrangements exist to discharge personal injury liability of the carrier

 (1) CASA may, at any time and from time to time, by written notice to a carrier that is, or is an agent of, the Crown in any capacity, require the carrier, within a period set out in the notice, to produce evidence, satisfactory to CASA, that financial arrangements exist that are adequate to discharge any personal injury liability that has accrued or may accrue to the carrier.

 (2) If CASA is satisfied that such financial arrangements exist, CASA may give the carrier a written certificate stating that CASA is so satisfied.

8  Subsection 41E(1)

After “carrier” (first occurring), insert “(other than a carrier that is, or is an agent of, the Crown in any capacity)”.

9  After subsection 41E(1)

Insert:

 (1A) If a carrier who is, or is an agent of, the Crown in any capacity has been required by CASA under section 41CA to produce evidence, satisfactory to CASA, of the existence of financial arrangements referred to in that section, the carrier must not carry passengers by air unless the carrier has produced such evidence.

10  Section 41L

Repeal the section, substitute:

41L  Delegation

 (1) The Director may, in writing, delegate all or any of CASA’s powers under this Part to:

 (a) a member; or

 (b) a member of the staff of CASA.

 (2) The power of delegation referred to in paragraph (1)(b) includes a power to delegate a power to any member of the staff of CASA from time to time holding, occupying, or performing the duties of, a specified office or position, even if the office or position does not come into existence until after the delegation is given.

 (3) If:

 (a) the Director has, under this section, delegated a power of CASA contained in a provision of this Part; and

 (b) a delegate exercises the power;

a reference in that provision to CASA is taken, in relation to the exercise of the power by the delegate, to be a reference to the delegate.

11  At the end of Part IVA

Add:

41M  Saving

Any action taken or any other thing done by, or in relation to, the Minister or a delegate of the Minister before the commencement of this section is to be treated after that commencement as if it had been taken or done by or in relation to CASA.

12  At the beginning of Part V

Insert:

41N  Corresponding State laws may confer functions and powers on Commonwealth authorities and officers

  A law of a State may confer functions and powers on Commonwealth authorities and officers for the purposes of any of the provisions of sections 41B to 41M as those provisions apply as a law of the State, either with or without modifications, and those Commonwealth authorities and officers may perform or exercise the functions or powers so conferred.

13  Modification of regulations

(1) Any regulations that were in force immediately before the commencement of this Schedule for the purposes of Part IVA of the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959 as in force at that time have effect as if references in those regulations to the Minister were references to CASA.

(2) Subitem (1) does not prevent regulations that have effect as mentioned in that subitem from being amended or repealed by further regulations made under the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959.


Schedule 2—Amendment of the Civil Aviation Act 1988

 

1  Subsection 18(3) (definition of permission)

Repeal the definition, substitute:

permission means a permission under this Part (other than paragraph 19(2)(c) or section 27A), but does not include an AOC.

2  Paragraph 28(1)(c)

Omit “subsection 27AE(1)”, substitute “section 28A”.

3  Paragraph 28BA(1)(a)

Omit “and 28BH”, substitute “, 28BH and 28BI”.

4  Subsection 28BA(2)

Repeal the subsection, substitute:

 (2) If a condition of an AOC referred to in paragraph (1)(a) is breached, the AOC continues, despite the breach, to authorise flights or operations to which the condition relates.

 (2A) If a condition of an AOC referred to in paragraph (1)(b) or (1)(c) is breached, the AOC does not authorise any flight or operation to which the condition relates while the breach continues.

5  Paragraph 28BC(1)(b)

Omit “or” (last occurring).

6  Paragraph 28BC(1)(c)

Repeal the paragraph.

7  After subsection 28BC(1)

Insert:

 (1A) CASA must not suspend or cancel an AOC of the kind to which paragraph (1)(a) applies or an authorisation of the kind to which paragraph (1)(b) applies except:

 (a) to ensure that the aircraft’s operation, maintenance and airworthiness are of a standard that CASA considers necessary in the interests of the safety of air navigation; or

 (b) as provided by subsection (1B).

 (1B) Subject to subsection (1C), CASA may suspend or cancel an AOC of the kind to which paragraph (1)(a) applies or an authorisation to which paragraph (1)(b) applies if the condition of the AOC or the condition relating to the authorisation, as the case may be, that section 28BI is complied with has been breached.

 (1C) To the extent that an AOC, or an authorisation contained in a mixed authority AOC, authorises carriage by air that is not covered by Part II, III or IV of the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959, CASA does not have power to suspend or cancel the AOC or authorisation because of a breach of the condition that section 28BI is complied with unless the holder of the AOC is:

 (a) a trading corporation formed within the limits of the Commonwealth (within the meaning of paragraph 51(xx) of the Constitution); or

 (b) a foreign corporation within the meaning of that paragraph; or

 (c) a corporation formed in a Territory.

8  Paragraph 28BC(2)(b)

Omit “or” (last occurring).

9  Paragraph 28BC(2)(c)

Repeal the paragraph.

10  After subsection 28BC(2)

Insert:

 (2A) CASA must not suspend or cancel an AOC of the kind to which paragraph (2)(a) applies or an authorisation of the kind to which paragraph (2)(b) applies except:

 (a) to ensure compliance with the provisions of this Act, the regulations, and the Civil Aviation Orders, relating to safety; or

 (b) as provided by subsection (2B).

 (2B) Subject to subsection (2C), CASA may suspend or cancel an AOC of the kind to which paragraph (2)(a) applies or an authorisation to which paragraph (2)(b) applies if the condition of the AOC or the condition relating to the authorisation, as the case may be, that section 28BI is complied with has been breached.

 (2C) To the extent that an AOC, or an authorisation contained in a mixed authority AOC, authorises carriage by air that is not covered by Part II, III or IV of the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959, CASA does not have power to suspend or cancel the AOC or authorisation because of a breach of the condition that section 28BI is complied with unless the holder of the AOC is:

 (a) a trading corporation formed within the limits of the Commonwealth (within the meaning of paragraph 51(xx) of the Constitution); or

 (b) a foreign corporation within the meaning of that paragraph; or

 (c) a corporation formed in a Territory.

11  At the end of Subdivision E of Division 2 of Part III

Add:

28BI  Acceptable contract of insurance or satisfactory financial arrangements

  The holder of an AOC must at all times comply with whichever of the following provisions are applicable:

 (a) subsection 41E(1) or (1A) of the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959; or

 (b) subsection 41E(1) or (1A) of the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959 as that subsection has effect under a law of a State.


Schedule 3—Amendment of the Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1995

 

1  Item 7 of Schedule 3

Omit “a duty” (first occurring), substitute “duty”.


Schedule 4—Amendment of the Competition Policy Reform Act 1995

 

1  Schedule 3 (amendments of the Civil Aviation Act 1988 and heading to the amendments)

Repeal the amendments and heading.

Note: This item repeals amendments that had no effect because the provisions that were purported to be amended had previously been repealed.

 

 

 

[Minister's second reading speech made in

House of Representatives on 22 October 1997

Senate on 27 November 1997]

(194/97)


 

 

 

Overview

The Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1998, enacted by the Parliament of Australia, was introduced to address issues related to the regulation and oversight of civil aviation in Australia. This Act primarily aimed to refine and update existing laws, ensuring they align with modern standards and practices. It amended several key pieces of legislation, including the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959, the Civil Aviation Act 1988, and the Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1995. The policy objective was to enhance the safety and efficiency of civil aviation operations by clarifying roles and responsibilities, particularly those of the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA), and by ensuring that carriers meet specific financial and operational requirements to maintain high safety standards. The amendments also sought to harmonise state and federal laws and to ensure that the regulatory framework remains robust and adaptable to future challenges in the aviation industry.

Scope and Application

The Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1998 applies to various entities involved in civil aviation, including carriers, the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA), and holders of Air Operator Certificates (AOC). It binds the Crown in right of the Commonwealth, each state, the Australian Capital Territory, the Northern Territory, and Norfolk Island. The Act affects carriers, specifically those that are, or are agents of, the Crown in any capacity, and holders of AOCs. It also governs the functions and powers of CASA in relation to these entities and their operations. The geographic reach of this Act is national, as it applies to civil aviation activities across Australia, including its territories. The Act does not specify any exclusions, exemptions, or thresholds; however, it does extend and restrict the application of related Acts through subordinate instruments, such as regulations and orders. For example, CASA can make regulations under the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959, which may further define or restrict the application of certain provisions of the Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1998. The Act amends several other Acts to enhance the regulatory framework for civil aviation in Australia. It modifies the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959 to transfer certain regulatory functions from the Minister to CASA and to impose specific requirements on carriers, including those that are agents of the Crown, to demonstrate adequate financial arrangements to cover personal injury liabilities. The Civil Aviation Act 1988 is amended to refine the conditions under which AOCs can be suspended or cancelled, particularly focusing on ensuring safety and compliance with regulatory standards. Additionally, the Act removes certain amendments from the Competition Policy Reform Act 1995 that had been ineffective due to prior repeals of the targeted provisions. These amendments collectively aim to strengthen the regulatory oversight of civil aviation activities, ensuring they meet safety, liability, and operational standards.

Key Provisions

The Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1998 (C2004A05317) amends several key pieces of civil aviation legislation in Australia, primarily focusing on the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959, the Civil Aviation Act 1988, and other related statutes. The operative sections of the Act include the substitution of the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) for the Minister in various provisions of the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959. This means CASA now has the authority to issue notices and certificates regarding financial arrangements for carriers, rather than the Minister. Furthermore, the Act makes several technical amendments to definitions and conditions under the Civil Aviation Act 1988, particularly concerning Air Operator Certificates (AOC) and the circumstances under which they can be suspended or cancelled. For example, the Act specifies that certain AOCs cannot be suspended or cancelled merely because a condition relating to compliance with section 28BI has been breached, unless the breach is related to the safety of air navigation or another specified condition. The obligations imposed by the Civil Aviation Legislation Amendment Act 1998 primarily concern carriers and CASA. Carriers are required to produce evidence of adequate financial arrangements if requested by CASA and must not carry passengers by air until such evidence is produced if they are, or are agents of, the Crown. CASA, on the other hand, must ensure that any suspension or cancellation of AOCs is necessary for safety reasons or as provided by the Act. The Act also mandates that any breach of certain conditions in AOCs will result in the AOC no longer authorising the relevant flights or operations. In terms of offences and penalties, the Act does not explicitly detail specific criminal or civil penalties for breaches of its provisions. However, the underlying statutes, such as the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959 and the Civil Aviation Act 1988, may impose penalties for non-compliance with their requirements. For instance, under the Civil Aviation Act 1988, failure to comply with certain conditions of an AOC could result in the suspension or cancellation of the AOC, which could have significant operational consequences for the carrier. Additionally, under the Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1959, failure to provide evidence of adequate financial arrangements could prevent a carrier from operating, thereby impacting their ability to conduct business. These underlying statutes provide the framework within which the Act operates, and their penalties and consequences would apply accordingly.

Legal classification tags

Area of Law
Civil Aviation Law
Instrument
Act
Concepts
Commencement Provisions
Regulatory Standards
Licensing & Registration
Enforcement Powers

Interactions

Authorises

All Versions

Sourced from the Federal Register of Legislation at 26 August 2026. For the latest information on Australian Government law please go to https://www.legislation.gov.au.