Autonomous Sanctions (Designated and Declared Persons – Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) Continuing Effect Declaration and Revocation Instrument 2018

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Explanatory Statement

 

 

Issued by the Authority of the Minister for Foreign Affairs

 

Autonomous Sanctions Regulations 2011

 

Autonomous Sanctions (Designated and Declared Persons – Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) Continuing Effect Declaration and Revocation Instrument 2018

 

Section 28 of the Autonomous Sanctions Act 2011 (the Act) provides that the Governor-General may make regulations prescribing matters required or permitted by the Act to be prescribed, or necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to the Act.

 

The Autonomous Sanctions Regulations 2011 (the Regulations) regulate the conduct of Australia’s relations with persons associated with the former Milosevic regime or indicted for, or suspected of committing, war crimes during the Balkan wars in the early 1990s, through the imposition of autonomous sanctions against such persons.

 

The Regulations permit the Minister to designate a person or entity for targeted financial sanctions and/or declare a person for the purposes of a travel ban, if they satisfy a range of criteria, as set out in regulation 6.

 

The purpose of a designation is to subject the designated person or entity to targeted financial sanctions. There are two types of targeted financial sanctions under the Regulations:

 

  • the designated person or entity becomes the object of the prohibition in regulation 14 (which prohibits directly or indirectly making an asset available to, or for the benefit of, a designated person or entity, other than as authorised by a permit granted under regulation 18); and/or
  • an asset owned or controlled by a designated person or entity is a “controlled asset”, subject to the prohibition in regulation 15 (which requires a person who holds a controlled asset to freeze that asset, by prohibiting that person from either using or dealing with that asset, or allowing it to be used or dealt with, or facilitating the use of or dealing with it, other than as authorised by a permit granted under regulation 18).

 

The purpose of a declaration is to prevent a person from travelling to, entering or remaining in Australia.

 

Designated and declared persons in respect of the Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FFRY) are listed in the Autonomous Sanctions (Designated and Declared Persons – Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) List 2012.

 

The persons listed in Schedule 1 of the Autonomous Sanctions (Designated and Declared Persons – Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) Continuing Effect Declaration and Revocation Instrument 2018 (the FFRY List) were originally designated and declared pursuant to subregulation 6(1) of the Regulations on the basis that the person met the criteria mentioned in the table in subregulation 6(1) of the Regulations for the FFRY; that is:

 

a)      a person who has been indicted for an offence by the ICTY (whether or not the person has been convicted of the offence);

b)     a person who has been indicted for an offence within the jurisdiction of the ICTY by a domestic court in Bosnia‑Herzegovina, Croatia or Serbia (whether or not the person has been convicted of the offence);

c)      a person who is subject to an Interpol arrest warrant related to an offence within the jurisdiction of the ICTY;

d)     a person who the Minister is satisfied is a supporter of the former regime of Slobodan Milosevic; and/or

e)      a person who is suspected of assisting a person who is:

  1. indicted by the ICTY; and
  2. not currently detained by the ICTY.

 

Section 4 of the FFRY List contains the Minister’s declaration under subregulation 9(3) of the Regulations that the designations and declarations of the persons listed in Schedule 1 (who were originally designated and declared in 2012, and last renewed in 2015) continue to have effect.

 

Section 5 of the FFRY List contains the Minister’s revocation of the designations and declarations of the persons listed in Schedule 2 (who were originally designated and declared in 2012, and last renewed in 2015).

 

The FFRY List renews targeted financial sanctions and travel bans that would otherwise lapse on 111 persons, each of whom the Minister is satisfied is mentioned in Item 2 of the table in subregulation 6(1) of the Regulations.

 

The legal framework for the imposition of autonomous sanctions by Australia, of which the Regulations and the FFRY List are part, has been the subject of extensive consultation with governmental and non-governmental stakeholders since May 2010. 

 

The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) conducts public consultations, including with the Australian financial services sector and broader business community, in relation to these types of measures.  Relevant Commonwealth Government departments were consulted prior to and during the drafting of this legislative instrument.  

 

DFAT undertook public consultation the through its website seeking submissions from interested parties and to afford natural justice to those persons whose designations and declarations were being reviewed.  No submissions were received in response to these public consultations.

 

 

 


Statement of Compatibility with Human Rights

 

Prepared in accordance with Part 3 of the Human Rights (Parliamentary Scrutiny) Act 2011

 

Autonomous Sanctions (Designated and Declared Persons – Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) Continuing Effect Declaration and Revocation Instrument 2018

 

The Autonomous Sanctions (Designated and Declared Persons – Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) Continuing Effect Declaration and Revocation Instrument 2018 (the FFRY List) is compatible with the human rights and freedoms recognised or declared in the international instruments listed in section 3 of the Human Rights (Parliamentary Scrutiny) Act 2011.

 

A person subject to designation or declaration under regulation 6 of the Regulations may apply to the Minister for the revocation of those decisions (regulation 11 of the Regulations).  Decisions under both regulations 6 and 11 of the Regulations are judicially reviewable.

 

The targeted financial sanctions imposed on persons designated under paragraph 6(1)(a) of the Regulations do not affect the title to any asset owned or controlled by the designated person.  A designated person may continue to draw on his or her frozen assets, or receive assets from other sources, to meet basic expenses, including for foodstuffs, rent or mortgage, medicines or medical treatment, taxes, insurance premiums, public utility charges, reasonable professional fees, reimbursement of expenses associated with the provision of legal services, or fees or service charges that are in accordance with a law in force in Australia for the routine holding or maintenance of frozen assets (regulations 18 and 20 of the Regulations).

 

Similarly, a designated person may draw on frozen assets they own or control to satisfy any pre-existing judicial, administrative or arbitral lien or judgement awarded to another (non-designated) person or entity, as well as to make payments required under contracts, agreements or obligations made before the date on which those assets became frozen.

 

The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) undertook public consultation through its website seeking submissions from interested parties and to afford natural justice to those persons whose designations and declarations were to lapse and were being reviewed.  No submissions were received.

 

Regulation 19 authorises the Minister to waive the operation of a declaration under regulation 6 so as to allow the person to travel to, enter or remain in Australia, either on the grounds that it would be in the national interest or on humanitarian grounds.

 

 

Overview

The Autonomous Sanctions Regulations 2011 were enacted to enable Australia to impose targeted sanctions independently of any decision or action by the United Nations or other international body, in response to serious violations of international law. The Regulations were established under Section 28 of the Autonomous Sanctions Act 2011, which allows the Governor-General to make regulations necessary for carrying out or giving effect to the Act. These regulations specifically target individuals and entities associated with the former Milosevic regime or those indicted for or suspected of committing war crimes during the Balkan wars of the early 1990s. They allow the Minister to designate persons for financial sanctions or declare them for travel bans if they meet certain criteria. The purpose of these sanctions is to enforce prohibitions on making assets available to or for the benefit of designated persons, freezing their controlled assets, and preventing them from travelling to or within Australia. The policy objective is to uphold international law and deter war crimes by imposing these autonomous sanctions. The framework has undergone extensive consultation with stakeholders since its inception in 2010, and the current instrument renews sanctions for 111 individuals associated with the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

Scope and Application

The Autonomous Sanctions Regulations 2011, along with the Autonomous Sanctions (Designated and Declared Persons – Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) Continuing Effect Declaration and Revocation Instrument 2018, apply to persons and entities associated with the former Milosevic regime or those indicted for, or suspected of committing, war crimes during the Balkan wars in the early 1990s. These regulations are designed to impose targeted financial sanctions and travel bans on individuals and entities meeting specific criteria, such as being indicted by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) or being a supporter of the former regime of Slobodan Milosevic. The regulations permit the Minister to designate individuals or entities for financial sanctions or declare individuals for travel bans if they satisfy the criteria outlined in regulation 6. These sanctions include prohibiting the making of assets available to designated persons or entities, freezing assets owned or controlled by them, and preventing declared persons from travelling to, entering, or remaining in Australia. The geographic scope of these regulations is national, applying across Australia, and they are subject to judicial review. The Regulations are complemented by the FFRY List, which renews the sanctions for persons who continue to meet the criteria, ensuring the ongoing enforcement of these measures. Exclusions and exemptions include provisions allowing designated persons to use frozen assets for basic expenses, satisfy pre-existing obligations, and meet judicial, administrative, or arbitral liens or judgments. The Minister also has the authority to waive a travel ban on humanitarian or national interest grounds. The framework has undergone extensive consultation with stakeholders, including the Australian financial services sector, and is compatible with human rights as recognised in international instruments. The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) conducted public consultations to ensure natural justice for those affected, although no submissions were received in response to these consultations.

Key Provisions

The Autonomous Sanctions Regulations 2011 (the Regulations), as renewed by the Autonomous Sanctions (Designated and Declared Persons – Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) Continuing Effect Declaration and Revocation Instrument 2018 (the FFRY List), provide the legal framework for Australia’s imposition of autonomous sanctions against individuals associated with the former Milosevic regime or indicted for, or suspected of committing, war crimes during the Balkan wars. Regulation 6 sets out the criteria for designating a person or entity for targeted financial sanctions and/or declaring a person for the purposes of a travel ban. A person may be designated or declared if they meet any of the criteria in regulation 6(1), such as being indicted by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), subject to an Interpol arrest warrant related to an offence within the jurisdiction of the ICTY, or being a supporter of the former regime of Slobodan Milosevic. The Regulations impose obligations on the parties or entities they govern, primarily through the designated financial sanctions and travel bans. Under regulation 14, a designated person or entity becomes subject to a prohibition on making assets available to them, with exceptions permitted under regulation 18. Regulation 15 imposes a requirement on persons holding assets owned or controlled by a designated person or entity to freeze those assets, again with exceptions permitted under regulation 18. The travel ban under regulation 6 prevents designated individuals from travelling to, entering or remaining in Australia, unless a waiver is granted under regulation 19. Both designations and declarations are subject to judicial review under regulation 11, and designated persons have certain rights to draw on their frozen assets under regulations 18 and 20. Breach of the Regulations can result in significant consequences. Under regulation 23, a person who contravenes a provision of the Regulations that has been made pursuant to section 8 of the Autonomous Sanctions Act 2011 commits an offence. For corporations, the maximum penalty is 500 penalty units ($91,500 as at December 2022) for a strict liability offence, and 5,000 penalty units ($915,000) for an intentional or reckless offence. For individuals, the maximum penalties are 100 penalty units ($18,300) for a strict liability offence, and 1,000 penalty units ($183,000) for an intentional or reckless offence. Additionally, civil penalties can be applied under section 24 of the Act for breaches of the Regulations. In summary, the FFRY List renews the targeted financial sanctions and travel bans against 111 individuals associated with the former Milosevic regime or indicted for war crimes. The Regulations provide a legal basis for these sanctions and impose obligations on the parties they govern, with significant penalties for non-compliance. The FFRY List ensures the continued effect of these measures, which are compatible with human rights and have undergone extensive consultation with relevant stakeholders.

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International Law
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Regulation
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Definitions & Interpretation
Offence Provisions
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Designated and Declared Persons
Revocation of Decisions

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Sourced from the Federal Register of Legislation at 26 August 2026. For the latest information on Australian Government law please go to https://www.legislation.gov.au.