AD/PA-31/127 Amdt 1 - Aircraft Flight Manual, Flight into Icing Conditions

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Piper PA-31 Series Aeroplanes

 

AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVE


For the reasons set out in the background section, the CASA delegate whose signature appears below revokes Airworthiness Directive (AD) AD/PA-31/127 and issues the following AD under subregulation 39.1 (1) of CAR 1998. The AD requires that the action set out in the requirement section (being action that the delegate considers necessary to correct the unsafe condition) be taken in relation to the aircraft or aeronautical product mentioned in the applicability section: (a) in the circumstances mentioned in the requirement section; and (b) in accordance with the instructions set out in the requirement section; and (c) at the time mentioned in the compliance section.

 

AD/PA-31/127

Amdt 1


Aircraft Flight Manual, Flight into Icing Conditions 7/2000

 

Applicability: Models PA31, PA31-300, PA31-325, PA31-350, PA31P, PA31T, PA31T2, and

PA31-P-350, all serial numbers.

 

Requirement Revise:

 

  1. The Limitations Section of the aircraft's Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) by incorporating the following:

 

"WARNING"

Severe icing may result from environmental conditions outside of those for which the aircraft is certificated.

Flight in freezing rain, freezing drizzle, or mixed icing conditions (super cooled liquid water and ice crystals) may result in:

  • ice build-up on protected surfaces and exceed the capability of the ice protection system, or
  • ice forming aft of the protected surfaces.

This ice may not be shed using the ice protection systems, and may seriously degrade the performance and controllability of the aircraft.

During flight, severe icing conditions that exceed those for which the aircraft is certificated shall be determined by the visual cues described below. If one or more of these visual cues exists, immediately request priority handling from Air Traffic Control to facilitate a route or an altitude change to exit the icing conditions. The cues are:

  • unusually extensive ice accumulation on the airframe and windscreen in areas not normally observed to collect ice, and/or

 

  • accumulation of ice on the upper surface of the wing aft of the protected area, and/or

 

  • accumulation of ice on the engine nacelles and propeller spinners farther aft than normally observed.

Since the auto-pilot, when installed and operating, may mask tactile cues that indicate adverse changes in handling characteristics, use of the auto-pilot is prohibited when any of the visual cues specified above exist, or when unusual lateral trim requirements or auto-pilot trim warnings are encountered while the aircraft is in icing conditions.

 

All wing icing inspection lights must be operative prior to flight into known or forecast icing conditions at night. This direction supersedes any relief provided  by any Minimum Equipment List.

 

 

 

2.     The Normal Procedures Section of the AFM by incorporating the following:

 

THE FOLLOWING WEATHER CONDITIONS MAY BE CONDUCIVE TO SEVERE IN-FLIGHT ICING:

  • Visible rain at temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius ambient air temperature;
  • Droplets that splash or splatter on impact at temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius ambient air temperature.

 

PROCEDURES FOR EXITING A SEVERE ICING

ENVIRONMENT: (These procedures are applicable to all flight phases from take-off to landing.)

 

Monitor the ambient air temperature.

 

While severe icing may form at temperatures as cold as -18 degrees Celsius, increased vigilance is warranted at temperatures around freezing when visible moisture is present.

If the visual cues which are specified in the Limitations Section of the AFM for identifying severe icing conditions are observed, accomplish the following:

 

  • Immediately request priority handling from Air Traffic Control to facilitate a route or an altitude change to exit the severe icing conditions in order to avoid extended exposure to flight conditions more severe than those for which the aircraft has been certificated.

 

  • Avoid abrupt and excessive manoeuvring that may exacerbate control difficulties.

 

  • Do not engage the autopilot.
  • If the autopilot had previously been engaged, hold the control wheel firmly and disengage the autopilot.

 

  • If an unusual roll response or un-commanded roll control movement is observed, reduce the angle-of-attack.

 

  • Do not extend flaps when holding in icing conditions. Operation with flaps extended can result in a reduced wing angle-of-attack, with the possibility of ice forming on the upper surface further aft on the wing than normal, possibly aft of the protected area.

 

  • If the flaps are extended, do not retract them until the airframe is clear of ice.
  • Report these weather conditions to Air Traffic Control.

Note 1: Certificate of Registration holders should initiate action to ensure notification of this change is conveyed to any person who may operate their aircraft as pilot in command.

 

Note 2: FAA AD99-14-01 refers.

 

Certification for accomplishment of this Directive may be carried out:

 

  1. after a copy of this Directive is included in the appropriate sections of the aircraft's AFM; and

 

b.     may be carried out at a minimum, by the holder of a private pilot's licence.

 

 

Compliance: Within 30 days after the Effective date of this Amendment.

 

This Amendment becomes effective on 13 July 2000.

 

Background:  This Directive is issued to minimise the potential hazards associated with operating the aircraft in severe icing conditions by providing more clearly defined procedures and limitations associated with such conditions.

 

Amendment 1 is issued to correct a word processing error in the initial issue.

 

The original issue of this Airworthiness Directive became effective on 23 March 2000.


 

Bernard Malcolm Hole

Delegate of the Civil Aviation Safety Authority 31 May 2000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


The above AD is notified in the Commonwealth of Australia Gazette on 14 June 2000.

Overview

The Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) has enacted the Piper PA-31 Series Aeroplanes Airworthiness Directive (AD/PA-31/127 Amendment 1) to address the issue of operating Piper PA-31 Series aircraft in severe icing conditions. This directive, issued under subregulation 39.1 (1) of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988, seeks to mitigate the risks associated with flight into conditions more severe than those for which the aircraft are certified. The policy objective is to enhance flight safety by providing clear and specific procedures for pilots to follow in severe icing conditions, thereby reducing the potential hazards that such conditions pose. This includes detailed instructions on recognising and responding to visual cues of severe icing, prohibiting the use of the autopilot under these conditions, and ensuring that all wing icing inspection lights are operational before flying into known or forecast icing conditions at night. The directive applies to all models within the Piper PA-31 series and requires compliance within 30 days of its effective date of 13 July 2000.

Scope and Application

The Airworthiness Directive AD/PA-31/127 applies to all Piper PA-31 series aircraft, including models PA31, PA31-300, PA31-325, PA31-350, PA31P, PA31T, PA31T2, and PA31-P-350, irrespective of their serial numbers. This directive is issued under subregulation 39.1 (1) of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1998 by the delegate of the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) and is effective throughout the Commonwealth of Australia. It mandates specific revisions to the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) to enhance safety during flight in severe icing conditions. These revisions include incorporating warning notices about the dangers of severe icing, specifying visual cues for identifying such conditions, and outlining procedures for pilots to follow when encountering severe icing. The directive also prohibits the use of the autopilot under these conditions and requires all wing icing inspection lights to be operational before night flights in known or forecast icing conditions. Compliance with these amendments must be achieved within 30 days from the effective date of 13 July 2000.

Key Provisions

The Airworthiness Directive (AD) AD/PA-31/127 Amendment 1, issued under subregulation 39.1(1) of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1998 (CAR 1998), applies to Piper PA-31 series aeroplanes, including models PA31, PA31-300, PA31-325, PA31-350, PA31P, PA31T, PA31T2, and PA31-P-350, of all serial numbers. The directive mandates that the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) be revised to include specific warnings and procedures for operating in severe icing conditions. The requirement section specifies that the Limitations Section of the AFM must include a warning about the dangers of severe icing and visual cues for identifying such conditions. Additionally, it prohibits the use of the autopilot in these conditions and mandates that all wing icing inspection lights be operational before flight into known or forecast icing conditions at night. The obligations imposed by this AD on the relevant parties include ensuring that the AFM is updated with the specified warnings and procedures. Certificate of Registration holders are required to inform any person who may operate their aircraft as pilot in command about these changes. Certification of compliance with this directive may be conducted by the holder of a private pilot's licence, following the inclusion of the directive in the appropriate sections of the aircraft's AFM. Compliance with the directive must be achieved within 30 days of the effective date of the amendment, which is 13 July 2000. Failure to comply with the AD may result in legal consequences. While the specific penalties are not detailed in the text, non-compliance with airworthiness directives generally carries significant risks, including potential grounding of the aircraft, fines, and other regulatory actions. The directive aims to mitigate the hazards associated with operating the aircraft in severe icing conditions, ensuring that pilots are aware of the risks and equipped to handle such situations safely.

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Instrument
Legislative Instrument
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Reporting & Disclosure Obligations
Prohibited Conduct
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Severe icing conditions
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Sourced from the Federal Register of Legislation at 26 August 2026. For the latest information on Australian Government law please go to https://www.legislation.gov.au.